Unit4HistoryandTraditionsReadingandThinking课件-高中英语人教版

1.对......迷惑不解：2.脱离；背叛；逃脱：3.出故障；失败；垮掉，崩溃；分解：4.破门而入；打断（谈话等）5.我是学生会的一员。6.和某人交流：7.防御；保卫：8.保护......不受......9.被......包围：10.如果有的话：11.如果有必要的话：12.这座小镇被绿水青山所环绕，吸引了来自国内外的游客。bepuzzledaboutbreakaway(break-broke-broken)breakdownbreakinIbelongtotheStudentUnion.communicatewithsbindefenceof

defend...from/against...besurroundedby/with...ifanyifnecessaryThesmalltownissurroundedby/withgreenmountainsandwater,attractingvisitorsfromhomeandabroad.B2U4ReadingandThinkingWhat’sInAName?Learningobjectives:

Attheendofthislesson,studentsareableto:1.ReadaboutthehistoryandtraditionsoftheUK;2.GiveabriefintroductionoftheUK;3.TalkaboutChinesehistory,usingwhattheyhavelearnedinthislesson.Deepenstudents’understandingofthelonghistoryofourowncountry.Lead-inTherearefourteamsfromtheUKintheWorldCup.Lead-in1.WhatdoyouknowabouttheUnitedKingdom?2.WhydoestheUnitedKingdomhavefourteamsintheWorldCup?singleTheUnitedKingdomisnota

country,butinsteadisa

.countryofcountriesEnglandItincludes

,

,

,and

.ScotlandWalesNorthernIrelandBecausetheUnitedKingdomismadeupoffourcountries.Pre-reading—readformapA.trafficmap（交通图）B.weathermap（气候图）C.resourcemap（资源图）D.administrativezoningmap（行政区划图）Whattypeofmapisit?Tip:ReadamapWhenyoulookatamap,thinkfirstaboutwhatthemapshowsandwhatthesymbolsmean.Whatdothedifferentsymbols(e.g.icons,circles,spots)andcolorsstandfor?Thesmallcirclesstandfor

.

Redspotstandsfor

.Differentcolorsstandfor

.thecapitalbigcitiesdifferentregionsofthecountryPre-reading—readformapWhat’sthegenreofthispassage?Narration（记叙文）Argumentation（议论文）Exposition（说明文）Whatdoyouthinkthetextwillbeabout?ThetextismainlyaboutthehistoryandcultureoftheUK.n.体裁，类型；Pre-reading—readfortitleWhat’sInAName?What’sinaname?Thatwhichwecallarosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet.——RomeoandJuliet

名字代表什么?我们所称的玫瑰，换个名字还是一样芳香。——《罗密欧与朱丽叶》

Shakespeare:Thenameisnotimportant.DoestheauthoragreewithShakespeare?名为何物？While-reading—readformainideaPara.1.

Para.2.

Para.3.Para.4.Para.5.A.Thefourgroupsofpeople’sinfluenceontheUK.B.ThehistoryandcultureoftheUK.C.Thesimilarities（相似点）anddifferencesofthefourcountries.D.Theorigin（起源，由来）ofthename.E.Thepuzzleofthename.Para.1

ThepuzzleofthenamePara.2

TheoriginofthenamePara.3

ThesimilaritiesanddifferencesofthefourcountriesPara.4

Thefourgroupsofpeople’sinfluenceontheUKPara.5

ThehistoryandcultureoftheUKWhile-reading—readforstructurePara.1

ThepuzzleofthenamePara.2

TheoriginofthenamePara.3

ThesimilaritiesanddifferencesofthefourcountriesPara.4

Thefourgroupsofpeople’sinfluenceontheUKPara.5

ThehistoryandcultureoftheUKWhichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?P1P2P3P4P5P1P2P3P4P5P5P4P3P2P1P1P2P3P4P5A.B.C.D.GeneralParticularWhile-reading—readfor“puzzle”TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England—manypeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.

1.Whatisthepuzzle?ThepuzzleisaboutdifferentnamesoftheUK.2.Howcanwesolvethispuzzle?BygettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistory.theUnitedKingdomGreatBritainBritainEnglandPara.1TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England—manypeopleareconfused

by

whatthesedifferentnamesmean.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?

Gettingtoknow

alittlebitaboutBritishhistory

willhelpyousolvethispuzzle.联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——很多人对这些不同名称的含义感到困惑。如果这些名称有区别的话，那么它们的区别何在？稍微了解一下英国历史，就可以帮助你解开这个谜题。what引导宾语从句，做介词by的宾语逐渐了解，慢慢了解解开这个谜题beconfusedby：被……弄糊涂了，对……感到困惑如果有……的话V-ing短语充当主语该句中ifany是省略句，完整形式为ifthereisanydifference.Ifany为省略句式,意为“如果有的话”,if用作连词。其他类似的省略结构:ifso

如果是这样的话

ifnot

如果不是这样；不然，否则ifnecessary

如果有必要

ifpossible

如果可能的话ifever如果曾经有的话Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?

如果这些名称有区别的话，那么它们的区别何在？①留心看周围的景色。否则,你迟早会后悔的。Keepyoureyesopenforthesurroundingviews.________,youwillregret.②如果有必要，我可以早点来。Icouldcomeearlier,_______________.③他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。Theythinkshemaytrytophone.________,someonemuststayhere.④请告诉我，如果有人要来的话，有多少？Pleaseletmeknowhowmanyarecoming,__________.

ifnecessary

Ifnot/Or/Otherwise

Ifso

ifanyExerciseotherwiseadv.否则，不然；除此以外，在其他方面Para1

GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle. 动名词短语做主语，谓语动词常用_____单数Para5

Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable.

仿写：①眼见为实。_________isbelieving.②在阳光下看书对我们的眼睛有害。____________________badforoureyes.③在不久的将来去外太空旅行会很普遍。___________________willbecommoninthenearfuture.SeeingReadinginthesunisTravellinginspace(1)往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。(2)谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。(3)可以用it作形式主语，常见句型有：

•Itisnouse/nogood/nofun/awasteoftimedoingsth.

做某事没有用/没有好处/没有意思/是在浪费时间。 •Itisuseless/worth/worthwhiledoingsth.

做某事是没有用的/是值得的。【点拨】动名词作主语TravellingisBeinganoutgoingstudentrushhour高峰时段：一天中交通或商业需求达到高峰的时段。与某人相处融洽While-reading—readfor“origin”Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Later,inthe18thcentury,thecountryScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”,whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain.Howdoestheauthororganizethisparagraph?A.Byspaceorder.B.Bytimeorder.C.Bylogicalorder. D.Bylistingstatistics.Para.2Inthe16thcenturyThenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.TheOriginoftheNameWalesEnglandEnglandInthe18thcenturyThecountryScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.TheOriginoftheNameScotlandEnglandGreatBritainInthe19thcenturyTheKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.TheOriginoftheNameIrelandGreatBritainTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIrelandInthe20thcenturyThesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK.TheOriginoftheNameTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIrelandRepublicofIreland大不列颠及北爱尔兰

联合王国TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland16thcentury18thcentury19thcentury20thcenturyEnglandWalesEnglandScotlandEnglandGreatBritainGreatBritainIrelandTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIrelandRepublicofIrelandTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIrelandWhile-reading—readfor“origin”Para.2Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedto

theKingdomofEngland.Later,inthe18thcentury,thecountryScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.十六世纪时，邻国威尔士并入英格兰王国。随后，在十八世纪，苏格兰加入了进来，从而诞生了大不列颠王国。十九世纪时，爱尔兰王国加入，一起组成了大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。

加入不定式做目的状语不定式做目的状语v.添加additionn.添加Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfrom

theUK,which

resultedin

thefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.最后，在二十世纪时，爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，这导致了我们如今所看到的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。脱离，摆脱

导致，造成；结果是=leadtowhich引导非限制性定语从句定语从句Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”,which

means

theUKis

alsooftenreferredtoas

BritainorGreatBritain.大多数人只是使用简称：“联合王国”。联合王国的人被称为“英国人”，这意味着联合王国也经常被称为英国或大不列颠。简称which引导非限制性定语从句mean后边是省略了that的宾语从句bereferredtoas被称为，被称作While-reading—readfor“similaritiesanddifferences”Para.3ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefense.However,theyalsohavesomedifferences.Forexample,England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsandlegalsystems.Theyalsohavetheirowntraditions,liketheirownnationaldaysandnationaldishes.AndtheyevenhavetheirownfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!

Howdoestheauthororganizethisparagraph?A.Byexpressingsomepersonalopinions. B.Byusingacoupleofquotes.C.Byreferringtoasocialphenomenon. D.Bymakingsomecomparisons.While-reading—readfor“similaritiesanddifferences”flagdifferencessimilaritiescurrencymilitarydefenceeducationsystemslegalsystemstraditionsfootballteamsnationaldaysnationaldishesPara.3Thefourcountries

that

belongto

theUnitedKingdomworktogether

insomeareas.Theyusethesameflag,knownas

theUnionJack,aswellas

sharethesamecurrency

andmilitarydefence.However,theyalsohavesomedifferences.属于

合作=teamup;collaborate;cooperate(be)

knownas被称为，以...闻名过去分词短语作后置定语军事防御that引导定语从句同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。他们使用同一面国旗（称为“英国国旗”），也拥有相同的货币和军事防御。然而，它们之间仍有诸多区别。货币，通货以及Forexample,England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsandlegalsystems.Theyalsohavetheirowntraditions,liketheirownnationaldaysandnationaldishes.AndtheyevenhavetheirownfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!例如，英格兰

、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰有不同的教育和法律制度。它们也有各自的传统，比如有自己的国庆节和本国菜肴。它们甚至拥有各自的足球队，参加像“世界杯”之类的赛事！法律体系例如=forinstance如=suchas=including(包括)While-reading—readfor“fourgroupsofpeople’sinfluence”Para.4TheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistorytoexplore,whichcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.Thefirstgroup,theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.Someoftheirgreatachievementsincludedbuildingtownsandroads.Next,theAnglo-Saxonsarrivedinthefifthcentury.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,leftbehindlotsofnewvocabulary,andalsothenamesofmanylocationsacrosstheUK.ThelastgroupweretheNormans.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-knownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.TheNormanswereFrench,somanyFrenchwordsslowlyenteredintotheEnglishlanguage.theRomanstheAnglo-SaxonstheVikingstheNormansbuildtownsandroadsintroducelanguageandchangethewaypeoplebuilthousesleftbehindvocabularyandnamesoflocationsbuildcastles,changelegalsystemandaddFrenchwordsPara.4fourgroupsofpeople’sinfluenceInthe1stcenturyInthe15thcenturyInthe8thcenturyInthe11thcenturyTheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistory.Exploringitcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwill

besurroundedby

evidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeople

who

tookover

atdifferenttimes

throughout

history.

英国有着悠久而有趣的历史。探索这段历史能帮助你更深入地了解这个国家及其传统。在英国，几乎无论你走到哪里，你都会被四个不同族群的证据所包围，他们曾在不同时期先后占领了这片土地被……包围接管；接手；占领who引导是定语从句动名词短语（Ving）作主语everywhere引导是地点状语从句prep.贯穿（一段时间）n.证据（不可数）Thefirstgroup,theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.Theybuiltthefirsttownsandroads.Next,theAnglo-Saxons

arrivedinthefifthcentury.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedtheway

peoplebuilthouses.第一批是罗马人，于公元一世纪进入英国。他们建立了城镇和修建道路。之后是盎格鲁—撒克逊人，于公元五世纪到达英国。他们引入了英语的雏形，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。v.引入；引进（新事物）定语从句，that省略TheVikings

cameintheeighthcentury,leftbehind

lotsofnewvocabulary,andalsothenamesofmanylocations

acrosstheUK.维京人于公元八世纪到来，留下了许多新的词汇，并给英国境地内的许多地方命名。prep.遍及......留下n.地点，位置....ThelastgroupweretheNormans.They

conqueredEnglandafterthewell-knownBattleofHastings

inthe11thcentury.Theyhadcastlesbuilt

allaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.TheNormanswereFrench,somanyFrenchwordsslowlyenteredintotheEnglishlanguage.最后一批是诺曼人。十一世纪，在著名的黑斯廷斯战役之后，诺曼人征服了英格兰。他们在四处修建城堡，并改革了法律制度。诺曼人是法国人，因此法语单词慢慢进入了英语语言中。have/has/had+宾语+过去分词,这种结构用来表示“使……被……”并列(前后动、名词形式一致）征服，战胜havesthdone的用法归纳：(1)使某事被做(主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做，也可能是让别人做)(2)遭遇某种不幸的事情(1)单句语法填空①Iusuallyhavemyclothes

(wash)onSundays.②Shehadherwallet

(steal)onherwayhomeyesterday.(2)同义句转换③Unfortunately,hisrightlegwasinjuredduringthetraining.

(用havesthdone结构改写句子)washedstolen→Unfortunately,hehadhisrightleginjuredduringthetraining.Para.5ThereissomuchmoretolearnabouttheinterestinghistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdom.Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable.ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,asitisanancientportcitythathasahistorydatingallthewaybacktoRomantimes.Therearecountlesshistoricsitestoexplore,andlotsofmuseumswithancientrelicsfromallovertheUK.TheUKisafascinatingmixofhistoryandmodernculture,withbothnewandoldtraditions.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.While-reading—readfor“historyandculture”ItisbeneficialtostudythehistoryandtraditionsofUK.Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywill

.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothits

andits

.

makeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyablepastpresentThereissomuchmoretolearnabouttheinterestinghistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdom.Studyingthehistoryofthecountry

willmakeyourvisit

much

moreenjoyable.

对于英国有趣的历史文化，可学之处比比皆是。研究这个国家的历史将让你的参观更加愉快。V-ing做主语

much/even+比较级

更加...ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,as

itisanancientportcity

that

hasahistorydatingalltheway

backtoRomantimes.Therearecountlesshistoricsites

toexplore,andlotsofmuseumswithancientrelics

fromallovertheUK.首都伦敦是一个去开始（参观的）的很棒的地方，因为伦敦是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。这里有数不胜数的历史遗迹可供探寻，还有许多博物馆陈列着来自英国各地的文物。as：因为that引导定语从句无数的现在分词短语作后置定语不定式（todo)作后置定语datebackto追溯到

(＝datefrom)不定式（todo)作后置定语古代文物datebackto追溯到……（具体时间点）=datefrom......=gobackto...通常用一般现在时，没有被动语态。Thecity____(date)backtoover3,000yearsago.Thecity,datingbacktoover3,000yearsago,hasarichhistory.datesalltheway一直全英国allover遍及allovertheUK全英国alloverChina全中国TheUKisafascinatingmix

ofhistoryandmodernculture,withbothnewandoldtraditions.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthat

youcanseebothitspastanditspresent.英国是一个历史与现代文化的迷人交融，新旧传统并存。如果留心去观察，你会惊讶的发现，你能看到英国的过去和现在。

留心观察融合that引导宾语从句很惊奇地做某事Post-reading—discussWhat’sinaname?Thatwhichwecallarosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet.——RomeoAndJuliet

名字代表什么?我们所称的玫瑰，换个名字还是一样芳香。Shakespeare:Thenameisnotimportant.DoestheauthoragreewithShakespeare?What’sinaname?What’sadvantageoflearningthenameofacountry?WhatcanhelpusbystudyingthehistoryoftheUK?AdvantagesHelpusunderstandwhytheUKhasmanydifferentnames.(Para.1~3)Helpusunderstandmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.(Para.4)Makeyourvisitmoreenjoyable.(Para.5)What’sinaname?OriginTraditionsHistoryCulturePost-reading—discussTheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England—manypeopleareconfusedby(1)_______thesedifferentnamesmean.Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWales(2)___________(join)totheKingdomofEngland.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,thesouthernpartofIreland(3)______(break)awayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday.However,mostpeoplejustusethe(4)___________(shorten)name:theUK.whatwasjoinedbrokeshortenedRetellingPost-reading：

Thefourcountries(5)________belongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.TherewerefoursetsofinvadersandthelastgroupweretheNormans.Theyhadcastles(6)_________(build)allaroundEnglandandmadechanges(7)______thelegalsystem.Studyingt