第三节　情态动词和虚拟语气

第三节情态动词和虚拟语气1.情态动词的类型考点1情态动词(1)只作情态动词的有：must，can/could，may/might，oughtto(2)可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有：need，dare(3)可作情态动词也可作助动词的有：shall/should，will/would(4)具有情态动词的某些特征的有：have/hadto，usedto2.情态动词的基本用法3.谓语中含有情态动词的时态和被动语态4.情态动词的特殊用法(1)can/could的否定式与比较级连用表示最高级。(2)can/could的否定式与enough或too(much)连用表示“再……也不为过”。(3)must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑问句或条件状语从句中。(4)may/mightaswell表示“最好；不妨”。(5)would可表示过去的习惯，与usedto相比，前者常表示过去反复的动作，后者常表示过去的状态或习惯现在已不复存在。(6)should有时表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊奇，意为“竟然会”。①Passengers____________talktothedriverwhilethebusismoving,becauseitwilltakehisfocusofftheroad.②Althoughpassingthedrivingtest____________bedifficultnow,it’sworththeefforts.③Whyareyouhere?It’sclasstimeandyou____________beintheclassroomnow.④Itisrainingheavilyoutside.You____________aswellstayhereforthenight.⑤Theiranswersareexactlythesame—oneofthem____________havecopiedfromtheother.⑥WhentheoldcouplelivedinChongqing,they____________takeawalkinanearbyparkonafineafternoon.用适当的情态动词填空mustn’tcanshouldmay/mightmustwould1.虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用考点2虚拟语气类型从句中谓语动词形式主句中谓语动词形式与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be的过去式用were)should/would/could/might＋动词原形与过去事实相反had＋过去分词should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词与将来事实相反should/wereto＋动词原形；动词的过去式should/would/could/might＋动词原形Iftherewerenoair，wecouldn’tlive.如果没有空气，我们就不能存活。Iftherehadbeennoairinthetube，theresultoftheexperimentwouldhavebeenmoreaccurate.如果管子里没有空气，实验的结果就会更精确。Ifheweretocometomorrow,thingswouldbeeasier.如果他明天来，事情就容易多了。2.虚拟语气用于名词性从句中的4种条件(1)在“Itis＋important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/apity＋that...”句型中，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。It’svitalthatwe(should)takeoursafetydrivingalongtheroadseriously.重视道路安全驾驶是至关重要的。(2)在wouldrather(that)后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，从句用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生的动作，从句用过去完成时。I’dratherhehadgonetotheseasidewithmethedaybeforeyesterday.要是他前天和我去海边就好了。(3)句中含有以下单词或其变形时，该句中的名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句)部分常用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。Hesuggestedthatwe(should)startoffearlythenextday.他建议我们第二天早点出发。(4)wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气·对现在的虚拟：

过去式(be的过去式用were)·对过去的虚拟：had＋过去分词·对将来的虚拟：would/could/might＋动词原形Iwish(that)Iweretenyearsyounger.我希望我能年轻十岁。Iwish(that)Ihadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.我希望我昨天见到了那位电影明星。

3.3个特定句式中的虚拟语气句型结构过去虚拟现在虚拟将来虚拟ifonly引导的条件句及感叹句had＋过去分词过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might＋动词原形asif/though引导的表语从句及方式状语从句had＋过去分词过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might＋动词原形Itis(high)time(that)...从句中谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”(should不能省略)IfonlyIhadseenthefilm.要是我看过那部电影就好了。Itishightimethatwestarted/shouldstartout.我们该出发了。Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.他把计划搞砸了，但他表现得若无其事。含蓄虚拟条件句1.有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用butfor,without等介词(短语)来表示。 Wewouldn’thavefinishedtheprojectontimewithoutyourtimelyhelp.

如果没有你的及时帮助，我们就不能按时完成那项工程。2.用连词otherwise,or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。 I’mreallyverybusy，otherwiseIwouldcertainlygotherewithyou.

我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。3.虚拟条件通过but暗示出来，模式为“虚拟情况＋but＋真实情况”。 Shewouldhavecometoseeyoubutthatshewasillthatday.

要是那天她没生病，她就来看你了。

【重难突破】①Iwasbusyfinishingmypaperthatday.OtherwiseI________________(go)therewiththem.②Iwishhe____________(tell)methetruthlastweek.③Ifeltsoembarrassedwhenbeingblamedbymyteacherinclass.IfonlyI_______________(complete)myhomeworklastnight!④HetalksaboutthecreaturesoftheAmazonrainforestasifhe____________(explore)therebefore.⑤Heradviceisthatgoodstudyhabits_______________(form)inone’schildhood.⑥It’shightimethatwe_____________________(apply)ourselvestothetaskofprotectingourenvironment.单句语法填空

wouldhavegonehadtoldhadcompletedhadexplored(should)beformedapplied/shouldapplyⅠ.单句语法填空1.(2023·凌源模拟)Everyone____________makeanefforttokeeptheairclearinLhasa.2.(2023·淄博一模)Whatisimportantisthatstamps____________helptheFrenchpeopleunderstandChineseculture.3.Thedoctorrecommendedthatthemedicine____________________(take)threetimesaday.4.(2023·泰州第二次调研)Whenthekitewasintheair,people____________cutoffthestringtoletthepaperkitefloataway.【达标检测】shouldcan(should)betakenwould5.(2023·烟台、德州一模)WhenlookingataChinesepainting,you____________notinitiallyrealizeitscomplexconcept.6.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticks____________bemadeofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.7.Tomwishesthathe____________(study)lawinsteadofhistorywhenhewasinuniversity.8.Butheaddedthatevenminorgeneticchanges____________haveseriousconsequences.9.Healsotookmanyothermeasures,hopingthatsuchattempts____________stopadulteration.10.IfIhadn’ttakenyouradvice,I________________(notmanage)tocarryouttheprojectnow.maymighthadstudiedmay/mightwouldwouldnotmanageⅡ.语法与写作1.Hopefully,thefollowingadvice________________________________________.希望下面的建议能有所帮助。2.___________________________________________youshouldpracticespeakingMandarinsothatyouwon’thavedifficultyincommunication.

练习说普通话是明智的，这样你在沟通上就不会有困难了。3.Istronglyrecommendthat________________________________________aheadofyourenrollment.

我强烈建议你在入学前来中国。

canbeofsomehelpItwouldbeadvisablethatyou(should)cometoChina4._________________________________________________________，Iwouldn’thavemadeit.

如果没有我周围人的爱和关心，我就不会成功。5.Theystaredatme___________________________________________________.

他们盯着我，好像我是从外太空来的一样。

ButfortheloveandcarefromthosearoundmeasifIhadcomefromtheouterspaceⅢ.语篇提能练Rainorshine,Tomisalwaysthefirsttoarriveattheoffice.Hishome1.____________beveryneartheoffice,orhe2.____________bealwaysintimeforwork.HowIwishthatI3.____________(live)closetowork,sothatI4.____________notgetupsoearlyeveryday.Yesterday,forexample,I5._________________(arrive)intimeforworkasusualifIhadn’tbeencaughtinatrafficjam.ThebosswassoangrywithmethathedemandedI6.____________arriveatworkearlyenoughlateron,sayingthatshouldIbecaughtbeinglateagain,he7.____________(punish)me.I8.____________stopdoingeverythingandgotobednow.Anyhow,it’stimethatI9._______________(go)tosleep,andIhopeI10.____________arriveatworkontimetomorrow.Itwillbebadtobecaughtarrivinglateagain.mustcan’tlivedneedwouldhavearrivedshouldwouldpunishmustwent/shouldgocan■层级一模拟达标练1.(2023·内江三模)Inautumn1943,nineteenvillagerssacrificed,____________(help)reportersandeditorsfromShanxi-Chahar-HebeiDailywithdrawtothemountainsduringaraid(突袭).2.(2023·大连一模)Daipaper________________(make)forover800yearsthereuptonow.3.(2023·广州一模)Butthechallenges______________________(outweigh)bythememorableexperiencesonherway.【综合演练】helpinghasbeenmadewereoutweighed4.(2023·烟台、德州一模)Withahistoryofmorethan6，000years,Chinesepainting,originally________(purchase)bywealthypeople,developedaround221BCduringtheEasternJinDynasty.5.(2023·日照一模)Navalarchitect,ZhimingYuan____________(create)computersimulationsofamotherduck’swakethreemonthsago.6.(2023·潍坊一模)Astheworldwarms，andArcticseaicethins，starvingpolarbears________________(force)everfurthersouth.7.(2023·湖师附中高三模拟)ChinahopesthattheOlympicSpiritcanfunctionasavehicle________(convey)totheworldthatthereismoretointernationalrelationsthangeopoliticalgames.purchasedcreatedarebeingforcedtoconvey8.(2023·如东高级中学模拟)BytheearlyMingDynasty,theyinandyangprinciples________________(add)toharmonizethewhole.9.(2023·泸州三模)Thezoo________________(hold)onlineevents,aswellason-siteeventsonApril8and21.10.(2023·聊城二模)Theparticipants____________(show)thecats’facesfromaseriesofshortvideos.hadbeenaddedwillholdwereshown■层级二高考真题练1.(2022·全国甲卷)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an，asafirststep____________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.2.(2022·全国甲卷)InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation____________(hold)inBeijing，Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.3.(2022·全国甲卷)Inthelastfiveyears，Cao_______________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents.tojourneyheldhaswalked4.(2022·全国甲卷)Heflew4，700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20，____________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.5.(2022·全国乙卷)ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety____________(address)theopeningceremony.6.(2022·全国乙卷)Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha____________(share)futureformankind.7.(2022·全国乙卷)____________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople，theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia.planningaddressedsharedTostrengthen8.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNP________________(design)toreflecttheguidingprinciple.9.(2022·浙江1月卷)Travellingtoconferences，lectures，workshops，andthelike—frequentlybyplane—_______________________(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.10.(2022·浙江1月卷)ThatapproachbroughtCobb’sairtravellastyeardownby75%，andsheplans____________(continue)thepractice.isdesignedisviewed/hasbeenviewedtocontinue■层级三语篇提能练1.____________(locate)inthenorthwestofHunanProvince,Zhangjiajie,2.______________(cover)atotalareaof9，563squarekilometers,isatouristcityforitsuniquenaturalsceneryandabundanttourismresources.Zhangjiajie3.____________(award)thetitleof“WorldGeologicalPark”in2004.Actually,Zhangjiajie,4.____________(honor)as“themostfantasticmountainunderheaven”and“awalkingChineselandscapepainting”，isalsowidelypraisedas“anenlargedpottedlandscaping”“aminifairyland”and“amaze(迷宫)ofnature”，5._________________(attract)agrowingnumberoftouristsathomeandabroad.Sinceitwasdiscoveredinthe1980s,tourismindustry6.____________(become)theleadingindustryinZhangjiajie,whichhasstimulatedthedevelopmentofotherindustries7.____________(relate)totourism.Atthesametime,eco-tourism8.___________________(develop)rapidlyinZhangjiajie.WhenyoucometoZhangjiajie,youcanfullyappreciateitsmagnificentnaturalsceneryandexperienceappealin