广东省广州市天河区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试卷（解析版）

第第页广东省广州市天河区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试卷一、ASuzanneWoodwasjustsevenyearsoldwhenherparentstoldherthatshewouldbepulledoutofschooltogoonavoyagearoundtheworld.ThefamilyfromtheUKsetoutontheirexploration,whichendeduptakingadecadeinsteadofthepromisedthreeyears.Now55yearsold,SuzannehassharedherstoryinherbookWavewalker."Myfathersaidwewouldbebackinthreeyears'time,andthatmyfriendsandschoolandeverythingwouldgobacktonormal,"theauthorsaid."Butinfact,itwasalmost10yearsbeforewecameback,andIspentthattimetrappedonaboat,unabletogotoschoolorhavenormalfriendships."Despiteherfatherpromisingherthe"tripwouldbesafe",Suzanneargueditwas"incrediblydangerous",sharingdetailsofthejourneyfromSouthAfricatoAustraliawheretheboathita"hugestorm"."Thewavesbecamebiggerandbigger,andfinallyonecrashedoverthebackoftheboat"sherecalled."Iwasthrown,alittlegirlat7,againsttheceilingoftheboatandagainstthewall.Threedayslater,wefoundalittleislandwhereIhadseveralheadoperationswithoutanaesthetic(麻药)."Inordertogetthroughher"verystrange"childhood,Suzannewasdeterminedtogetaneducationtoliveanormallife."Asitbecameclearmyparentshadnointentionsofgoingback,IdecidedIhadtoeducatemyself."sherecalled."Itwasmyonlyhopetogetoffthisboat."At13,SuzanneenrolledinanAustralianschoolremotely.Shebeganstudyinginthesmallboatcabin,whichshefoundchallengingbothpracticallyandacademicallyasshe"hadmissedalotofeducation".Whenshewas16,herparentsenrolledherinaschoolinNewZealandwhiletheycontinuedsailing.Despitethegapsinhereducation,SuzannegotadmittedtoOxfordUniversityandaftersavingupmoneyshe'dearnedworkingonafarm,Suzanneboughtaone-wayplaneticketbacktotheUK.1．WhatcanwelearnaboutSuzanne'sfather?A．Heknewtheseawell. B．Hemadeanemptypromise.C．Hevaluededucation. D．Heplannedthetripcarefully.2．WhathappenedtoSuzanneonthejourneyfromSouthAfricatoAustralia?A．Shefoughtagainstthestorm. B．Shereceivedtimelytreatment.C．Shebecameseriouslyinjured. D．Shelearnedmoreaboutthesea.3．WhatbestdescribesSuzanneasateenager?A．Courageousandadventurous. B．Independentandhumorous.C．Decisiveandstrong-willed. D．Curiousandintelligent.【答案】1．B2．C3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，SuzanneWood七岁时被父母带离学校开启环球航行，本预计三年却耗时近十年。航行中她遭遇巨大危险，如船遇风暴、自己受伤无麻药手术等。为过上正常生活，她决心自学，13岁远程入读澳大利亚学校，16岁入读新西兰学校，克服教育缺失的困难后被牛津大学录取，最终攒钱买单程票回到英国。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。1．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"‘Myfathersaidwewouldbebackinthreeyears'time,andthatmyfriendsandschoolandeverythingwouldgobacktonormal,'theauthorsaid.‘Butinfact,itwasalmost10yearsbeforewecameback,andIspentthattimetrappedonaboat,unabletogotoschoolorhavenormalfriendships.'"作者说，我父亲说我们三年后会回来，我的朋友、学校和一切都会恢复正常。"但事实上，我们回来已经快10年了，那段时间我被困在船上，无法上学或建立正常的友谊。"；以及第三段中的"Despiteherfatherpromisingherthe‘tripwouldbesafe',Suzanneargueditwas‘incrediblydangerous',sharingdetailsofthejourneyfromSouthAfricatoAustraliawheretheboathita‘hugestorm'."尽管她的父亲向她保证"这次旅行是安全的"，但Suzanne认为这是‘极其危险的"，并分享了从南非到澳大利亚的旅程的细节，船在那里遭遇了"巨大的风暴"。可知，Suzanne父亲的承诺并未兑现。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Iwasthrown,alittlegirlat7,againsttheceilingoftheboatandagainstthewall.Threedayslater,wefoundalittleislandwhereIhadseveralheadoperationswithoutanaesthetic(麻药)."我是一个7岁的小女孩，被扔到船的天花板和墙上。三天后，我们发现了一个小岛，我在那里做了几次没有麻醉的头部手术。可知，Suzanne在途中受了重伤。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据第四段"Inordertogetthroughher‘verystrange'childhood,Suzannewasdeterminedtogetaneducationtoliveanormallife.‘Asitbecameclearmyparentshadnointentionsofgoingback,IdecidedIhadtoeducatemyself.'sherecalled.‘Itwasmyonlyhopetogetoffthisboat.'"为了度过她‘非常奇怪'的童年，Suzanne决心接受教育，过上正常的生活。"很明显，我的父母不打算回去，我决定必须自学。"她回忆道。"这是我离开这艘船的唯一希望。"；以及第五段中的"Whenshewas16,herparentsenrolledherinaschoolinNewZealandwhiletheycontinuedsailing.Despitethegapsinhereducation,SuzannegotadmittedtoOxfordUniversityandaftersavingupmoneyshe'dearnedworkingonafarm,Suzanneboughtaone-wayplaneticketbacktotheUK."当她16岁时，她的父母为她报名参加了新西兰的一所学校，同时他们继续航行。尽管教育水平存在差距，Suzanne还是被牛津大学录取了，在攒下在农场工作挣来的钱后，Suzanne买了一张回英国的单程机票。可知，Suzanne她果断且意志坚定。故选C。二、BUsingsmartphonestoomuchmightbebadformentalhealth,butanewstudyfoundaneasyfix.ResearchersstudiedwhathappenedwhenpeopleagreedtoblocktheInternetfromtheirsmartphonesforjusttwoweeks.Anditturnsoutthatmostfeltbetterafterthebreak.Theresearchersincluded467volunteers,aged18to74,whoagreedtothemonth-longstudyaimedattestingthetheorythatconstantconnectiontoeverything,allthetime,hasunintendedconsequences.Theresearchersmeasuredthreedifferentresultsofwell-being,moodandattentionatthebeginning,middleandendofthefour-weekstudy.91%ofvolunteersimprovedtheirscoresinatleastoneaspect.Themostsurprisingfindingwasthatfeelinglesssadorworriedwasjustasgoodaswhathappenswhenpeopletakemedicinefordepression(抑郁)."Theresultsweremuchbetterthanwethought,"saidresearcherNoahCastelo.Testsalsoshowedpeoplecouldfocusbetter—almostliketheirbrainsbecame10yearsyounger.AdrianWardexplainedwhythisworks:"Whenpeoplestopstaringatscreens,theynaturallydohealthierthingslikegoingoutside,meetingfriends,ortryingnewhobbies."Peoplealsosleptbetterandfeltclosertoothers.Butthestudyalsoshowedhowmuchwerelyonphonestoday.ManypeoplehadtoturntheInternetbackonsometimesforimportantthingslikemapsorworkcalls."Wecan'tcompletelystopusingphones,"Wardsaid,"buttakingsmartbreakshelps."Expertssaymorestudieswithbiggergroupsareneeded.Rightnow,itseemspeopleaged40-60benefitthemostfromusingphonesless,butweneedmoreresearchabouthowthisaffectsteenagers.Theresearcherssuggestedsimplewaystocutphoneuse:Startwith30phone-freeminutesdaily,increasinggradually.Pickoneweekly"low-phoneday,"turnoffappnotifications,andfindfunofflineactivitieslikesportsorreading.Thesesmallchangescanbuildhealthierhabitswhilekeepingbasicphonefunctions.4．Whatisthemostsurprisingfindingofthestudy?A．Peoplecouldfocusbetterafterthebreak.B．Volunteersaged40-60benefitedthemost.C．Mostvolunteersfeltbetteraftertheexperiment.D．Mentalhealthimprovedliketakingdepressionmedicine.5．Whydophonebreakshelp,accordingtoWard?A．Peoplewillrelylessonphones.B．Phonebreaksimprovescreenquality.C．Peoplewillfocusmoreontheirwork.D．Phonebreaksencouragehealthieractivities.6．Whatdoresearcherssuggest?A．Reducingscreentimegradually.B．Usingappsonlyforworkpurposes.C．Avoidingphonesformedicaltreatment.D．Stoppingonlineactivitiesimmediately.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．We'dbetterstopusingphones.B．Dangersofsmartphoneaddiction.C．Phonebreaksimprovementalhealth.D．Newdiscoveriesindepressiontreatment.【答案】4．D5．D6．A7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新研究发现，减少智能手机上网时间对心理健康有益。研究让467名志愿者在一个月内两周不使用手机网络，结果显示91%的志愿者在幸福感、情绪或注意力方面至少有一项得到改善，效果甚至堪比服用抗抑郁药物，还能让人更专注、睡眠更好、人际关系更亲密。不过，由于现代人对手机依赖度高，完全不用手机不现实，专家建议采取"智能休息"方式，如每天设置30分钟无手机时间、每周选一天少用手机、关闭应用通知、参与线下活动等，逐步养成更健康的手机使用习惯。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。4．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Themostsurprisingfindingwasthatfeelinglesssadorworriedwasjustasgoodaswhathappenswhenpeopletakemedicinefordepression(抑郁).‘Theresultsweremuchbetterthanwethought,'saidresearcherNoahCastelo."最令人惊讶的发现是，减少悲伤或担忧的感觉与人们服用抗抑郁药物时的效果一样好。研究人员NoahCastelo说："结果比我们想象的要好得多"。可知，该研究最令人惊讶的发现是参与者心理健康状况的改善程度与服用抗抑郁药物的效果相当。故选D。5．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"AdrianWardexplainedwhythisworks:‘Whenpeoplestopstaringatscreens,theynaturallydohealthierthingslikegoingoutside,meetingfriends,ortryingnewhobbies.'Peoplealsosleptbetterandfeltclosertoothers."AdrianWard解释了其中的原因："当人们不再盯着屏幕时，他们自然会做一些更健康的事情，比如出去走走、见见朋友或尝试新的爱好"人们的睡眠质量也更好了，并且感觉与他人的关系更亲近了。可知，Ward认为减少使用手机能鼓励人们进行更健康的活动，所以对人有帮助。故选D。6．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Theresearcherssuggestedsimplewaystocutphoneuse:Startwith30phone-freeminutesdaily,increasinggradually.Pickoneweekly‘low-phoneday,'turnoffappnotifications,andfindfunofflineactivitieslikesportsorreading.Thesesmallchangescanbuildhealthierhabitswhilekeepingbasicphonefunctions.s."研究人员提出了一些减少手机使用的简单方法：从每天30分钟不使用手机开始，逐渐增加时间。每周选择一天作为"少用手机日"，关闭应用程序通知，寻找像运动或阅读这样有趣的线下活动。这些小改变可以在保持基本手机功能的同时，培养更健康的习惯。可知，研究人员建议逐渐减少看屏幕的时间。故选A。7．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇指出一项新研究发现减少使用手机上网时间能改善心理健康，接着阐述研究过程、结果以及给出相关建议，所以"减少使用手机时间能改善心理健康"最适合用作文章标题。故选C。三、CIhaveopinions.Lots.Strongones.I'mbornwiththem;there'sjudgmentinmybones.MydadoncesaidifIcouldtalkonthedayIwasborn,Iwouldhavecriticizedthewaythenursesmovedthehospitalbed.He'sright.KidsoftenaskmeaboutwhereIstandonthebigsocialandpolitical(政治的)issues.Itmakessense,givenmybackgroundinpoliticalstudiesandgovernment.Mygo-toresponse?"AskmeinJune."It'snotaboutneedingtimetothinkovermyviews;they'resetinstone.Butintheclassroom,Iaimtoplayitneutral(中立的),likeShakespeare'sline,"IamnotwhatIam".WhydoIstayneutral?Well,Ihaveaninterestedclass—eageryoungmindsreadytolearnwhateverIteach.Itwouldbeeasytomakethemthinklikeme,butthat'snotwhatteachingisabout.EventhoughIstronglybelieveincertainthings,forcingmyownideasonstudentsjustdoesn'tfeelright.Backin2016,astudentwantedmetosharemypoliticalviewsfortheschoolmagazine.Ipolitelyrefused.Instead,IofferedtowriteaboutwhyIrefusedtosharemyviews.Ialsowroteabouttheissueofuniversitiesnotbeingneutralground.Severalofmyprofessorsatuniversitylovedusingtheclassroomasawaytotellstudentsthe"correct"waytothink,andthe"best"waytoviewissues.Butthisisnotright.Teachingisanhonor—ithelpsstudentsgrowtheirownminds.Myteachingphilosophyisencouragingindividuality;it'snotaboutme.Ipushstudentstocarefullyexplorediverseviewpointswithacriticaleye,betterpreparingthemfortheintellectualchallengesbeyondhighschool.Inshort,ateacher'sroleistohelpstudentsthinkcritically,nottobrainwash.So,I'llkeeppushingmystudentstothinkhard.AndiftheywanttoknowwhereIstand,asI'vesaid,they'llhavetowaittilltheygraduateinJune.8．Whatdoestheauthormeanby"they'resetinstone"inparagraph2?A．Hehasneutralopinions. B．Heholdsstrongbeliefs.C．Hisviewsarerecorded. D．Hisideasareunique.9．Whydidtheauthorrefusethestudentinparagraph4?A．Hedidn'thaveanypoliticalviews.B．Hepreferredtowriteaboutothertopics.C．Hetriedtoavoidinfluencingstudents'thinking.D．Hethoughtitwrongforstudentstodiscusspolitics.10．Whichstatementwouldtheauthormostlikelyagreewith?A．Believeinme,trustyourmind. B．Teachme,teachmycuriosity.C．Learnfromme,growafterme. D．Loveme,thinklikeme.【答案】8．B9．C10．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者虽对诸多社会和政治问题有强烈且坚定的观点，但在教学中坚持保持中立态度。作者认为教学不应将自己的想法强加给学生，而应鼓励学生发展独立思考能力，探索多元观点，以应对高中后的智力挑战，教师的角色是帮助学生批判性思考，而非进行思想灌输，所以会让学生毕业后再了解自己的立场。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及推理判断，句义猜测和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇政治类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．句义猜测题。根据第二段中的"It'snotaboutneedingtimetothinkovermyviews"这并非需要时间思考我的观点。可知，作者的观点"坚定不移"。可推知setinstone意为"固定不变的"，故选B。9．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"EventhoughIstronglybelieveincertainthings,forcingmyownideasonstudentsjustdoesn'tfeelright."尽管我坚信某些事情，但把自己的想法强加给学生是不对的；以及第四段中的"Ialsowroteabouttheissueofuniversitiesnotbeingneutralground.Severalofmyprofessorsatuniversitylovedusingtheclassroomasawaytotellstudentsthe‘correct'waytothink,andthe‘best'waytoviewissues.Butthisisnotright."我还写过关于大学不是中立地的问题。我大学里的几位教授喜欢用课堂来告诉学生"正确"的思考方式和"最好"的看待问题的方式。但这是不对的。可知，作者拒绝学生是为了避免影响学生的独立思考。故选C。10．观点态度题。根据第五段中的"Myteachingphilosophyisencouragingindividuality;it'snotaboutme.Ipushstudentstocarefullyexplorediverseviewpointswithacriticaleye,betterpreparingthemfortheintellectualchallengesbeyondhighschool.Inshort,ateacher'sroleistohelpstudentsthinkcritically,nottobrainwash."我的教学理念是鼓励个性；这与我无关。我鼓励学生以批判性的眼光仔细探索不同的观点，更好地为高中以后的智力挑战做好准备。简而言之，教师的作用是帮助学生批判性思考，而不是洗脑。可知，作者认同"相信自己的思维",避免用自己的观点影响学生的独立思考。故选A。四、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Humorisacommonhumanqualitythatbringsjoytoourdailylives.11．Ithelpsusconnectwithothersmoreeasily,reducesstressinchallengingtimes,andevenimprovesouroverallhealth.Doctorshavefoundthatpeoplewholaughregularlytendtohavestrongerimmunesystems.Anumberoffactorsinfluencesomeone'ssenseofhumor.12．Baby,forexample,tendtolaughatsimplegameslikepeek-a-boo,whileteenagersmaydelightinirony.Aspeoplegrowolder,whattheyfindfunnydevelops.Culturaldifferencesalsoplayabigrole.Ajokethat'sextremelyfunnyinonecountrymightberudeinanother.13．Noteveryonehasasenseofhumor.Thosewithautism(自闭症),forexample,maytakejokesliterallyandnotunderstandwhyothersarelaughing.14．Teacherssometimesnoticethatstudentswhodon'tunderstandclassroomjokesmayfeellonelyorleftout.Thiscancreatesocialdifficultiessincehumorissuchanimportantpartofhowpeoplecommunicateandmakefriends.Thegoodnewsisthathumorskillscanimprovewithpractice.Manyexpertssuggestthatwhilesomepeoplearenaturallyfunnier,everyonecandeveloptheirsenseofhumor.15．Parentsandteacherscanhelpchildrenbyencouragingfunnystorytellingorjoke-tellingactivities.Foradults,joiningacomedycluborsimplywatchingmorefunnymoviescanhelpdeepentheirunderstandingofhumor.A.Ageisabigissue.B.Themostimportantthingistoberespectful.C.Peoplewithasenseofhumorfeellessstressed.D.Insuchsituation,theymayfeeluncomfortable.E.Foryoungchildren,playingfungamesisagoodstart.F.Researchshowshumorisconnectedtoproblem-solvingskills.G.Awell-developedsenseofhumoroffersmanybenefitsinlife.【答案】11．G；12．A；13．B；14．D；15．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，幽默是能给日常生活带来快乐的普遍人类特质，它有助于人际交往、缓解压力、改善健康，人的幽默感受年龄、文化等因素影响，并非人人都有幽默感，自闭症患者可能难以理解玩笑，但幽默技能可通过练习提升，专家建议家长和老师可通过相关活动帮助孩子培养幽默感，成人也可通过特定方式加深对幽默的理解。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。11．根据空前"Humorisacommonhumanqualitythatbringsjoytoourdailylives."幽默是带来快乐的常见人类特质。引出幽默特质的话题；以及空后"Ithelpsusconnectwithothersmoreeasily,reducesstressinchallengingtimes,andevenimprovesouroverallhealth.Doctorshavefoundthatpeoplewholaughregularlytendtohavestrongerimmunesystems."它帮助我们更容易地与他人联系，在充满挑战的时候减轻压力，甚至改善我们的整体健康。医生发现，经常笑的人往往免疫系统更强。列举幽默的各种积极作用，此处应概括幽默的益处，G.Awell-developedsenseofhumoroffersmanybenefitsinlife."良好的幽默感对生活有很多好处"承上启下，符合语境，故选G。12．根据空前"Anumberoffactorsinfluencesomeone'ssenseofhumor."影响一个人幽默感的因素有很多。指出幽默感受多种因素影响；以及空后"Baby,forexample,tendtolaughatsimplegameslikepeek-a-boo,whileteenagersmaydelightinirony."例如，婴儿往往会对像躲猫猫这样的简单游戏发笑，而青少年可能会喜欢讽刺。举出婴儿和青少年的例子，说明不同年龄的人喜欢不同类型的幽默，此处应点明年龄的影响，A.Ageisabigissue."年龄是一个重要因素"承上启下，符合语境，故选A。13．根据空前"Culturaldifferencesalsoplayabigrole.Ajokethat'sextremelyfunnyinonecountrymightberudeinanother."文化差异也起着很大的作用。在一个国家非常有趣的笑话在另一个国家可能是粗鲁的。指出文化差异影响幽默，此处应给出与文化差异相关的结论或建议，B.Themostimportantthingistoberespectful."最重要的是保持尊重"承接上文，符合语境。故选B。14．根据空前"Thosewithautism(自闭症),forexample,maytakejokesliterallyandnotunderstandwhyothersarelaughing."例如，自闭症患者可能会从字面上理解笑话，不明白别人为什么笑。提到自闭症患者可能不理解笑话；以及空后"Teacherssometimesnoticethatstudentswhodon'tunderstandclassroomjokesmayfeellonelyorleftout."老师有时会注意到，听不懂课堂笑话的学生可能会感到孤独或被冷落。提到听不懂课堂笑话的学生的负面感受，此处应指出自闭症患者的负面感受，D.Insuchsituation,theymayfeeluncomfortable."在这种情况下，他们可能感到不适)"承接上文，符合语境，故选D。15．根据空前"Thegoodnewsisthathumorskillscanimprovewithpractice.Manyexpertssuggestthatwhilesomepeoplearenaturallyfunnier,everyonecandeveloptheirsenseofhumor."好消息是，幽默技巧可以随着练习而提高。许多专家认为，虽然有些人天生更有趣，但每个人都可以培养自己的幽默感。指出幽默感可以通过练习提升；以及空后"Parentsandteacherscanhelpchildrenbyencouragingfunnystorytellingorjoke-tellingactivities."父母和老师可以通过鼓励有趣的讲故事或讲笑话的活动来帮助孩子。给出帮孩子提升幽默感的具体建议，此处应过渡到孩子如何练习提升幽默感，E.Foryoungchildren,playingfungamesisagoodstart."对幼儿来说，玩有趣游戏是好的开始"承上启下，符合语境，故选E。五、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。HikingKilimanjarohadneverbeenonmy"survivor'slist",butIdidenjoyadventure.ItallbeganwhenChristatoldmeshewasorganizinganother16．andIwasreadyforthe17．.Afterninemonthsoftraining,westarted18．oneafternoon.Abouthalfwayup,webrokeintosmallergroupsandIwasinthe19．group,andeventuallyfoundmyselfalonewithaguide.WhenImadeittothefirstcamp,everyonewassinginganddancing,20．theendofdayone.IwassotiredthatIjustsatdown,tryingtogatherthe21．tofindmytent.Thenextmorning,welinedupagainandI22．wenttothebackforbeingoverweight.Bymidday,IrealizedIhadmadethebiggest23．inmylife.Icouldfeeltearsfillingmyeyes,andthenthe24．voicesracedinmyhead:"You'retoofat!""You'renothealthyenough!""Youdon'tbelonghere!"Iaskedmyself,"Isthisthe25．thingIhaveeverdone?"Ithoughtbacktothosesixpainfulmonthsin2022whenIhadcancer.Theanswerwasno.Ikept26．.ItfeltlikehoursuntilIsawthetopsofthediningtents.Idraggedmyselftoachair.Severalwomenwerealreadythere,27．thehardday.Ifelt28．thatIwasn'ttheonlyonewhostruggled.Thegroundflattenedoutaswewent29．,andtherewasnoshadefromthesunanymore.Bythefifthday,whenIarrivedatthecamp,itwasmidnight.Andeveryonehadtobeupand30．by11pm.Iwassickwithacold.So,Idecidednottosummit(登顶)Kilimanjaro—31．,Iwatchedthesunrisefrombasecamp.IhadthoughtIwouldbe32．thatIdidn'treachthesummit.Butinfact,Ifeltstrongerthatnightthaneverbefore.Ihaveno33．.Weallachievedour34．summitsonthistrip.Ilearnedasimilarlessonfrombothclimbingamountainandfightingcancer—thatIcandohardthingsand35．.16．A．climb B．game C．race D．dance17．A．job B．routine C．challenge D．training18．A．resting B．competing C．running D．hiking19．A．slower B．bigger C．better D．luckier20．A．expecting B．celebrating C．reaching D．forgetting21．A．energy B．evidence C．courage D．speed22．A．hurriedly B．automatically C．aimlessly D．carefully23．A．wish B．mistake C．decision D．apology24．A．sweet B．calm C．loud D．soft25．A．craziest B．stupidest C．saddest D．toughest26．A．walking B．thinking C．crying D．questioning27．A．waitingfor B．thinkingof C．preparingfor D．talkingabout28．A．interested B．amused C．excited D．relieved29．A．faster B．deeper C．higher D．farther30．A．quiet B．determined C．ready D．asleep31．A．instead B．besides C．therefore D．otherwise32．A．doubtful B．frightened C．upset D．bored33．A．worry B．regret C．fear D．shame34．A．fixed B．original C．common D．personal35．A．win B．dream C．struggle D．survive【答案】16．A；17．C；18．D；19．A；20．B；21．A；22．B；23．B；24．C；25．D；26．A；27．D；28．D；29．C；30．C；31．A；32．C；33．B；34．D；35．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者原本未将攀登乞力马扎罗山列入自己的"生存挑战清单"，但在朋友组织活动时欣然参与。训练后启程，途中作者因体重落后，内心充满自我怀疑与否定，甚至联想到曾患癌症的痛苦经历。尽管最终因感冒未能登顶，只能从大本营观看日出，但作者却感到前所未有的强大，意识到自己和同伴都在这趟旅程中实现了各自的目标，并从登山和抗癌的经历中领悟到：自己能够克服困难、超越自我。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。16．句意：一切始于Christa告诉我她在组织另一次攀登，我准备好迎接挑战。A：climb"攀登"；B：game"游戏"；C：race"比赛"；D：dance"舞蹈"。根据上文"HikingKilimanjaro"以及语境可知，此处指Christa组织乞力马扎罗山的攀登活动。故选A。17．句意：一切始于Christa告诉我她在组织另一次攀登，我准备好迎接挑战。A：job"工作"；B：routine"常规"；C：challenge"挑战"；D：training"训练"。根据上文"HikingKilimanjaro"以及常识可知，登山是具有难度的挑战，与下文克服困难的经历呼应。故选C。18．句意：九个月训练后，我们在一个下午开始徒步。A：resting"休息"；B：competing"竞争"；C：running"跑步"；D：hiking"徒步"。根据上文"HikingKilimanjaro"以及语境可知，此处指他们开始徒步登山。故选D。19．句意：大约走到一半的时候，我们分成了更小的小组，我在较慢的小组里，最终发现自己独自一人和导游在一起。A：slower"较慢的"；B：bigger"较大的"；C：better"较好的"；D：luckier"较幸运的"。根据下文"struggled"、"overweight"可知，作者身体状态不佳，所以呆在较慢的小组。故选A。20．句意：当我到达第一个营地时，每个人都在载歌载舞，庆祝第一天的结束。A：expecting"期待"；B：celebrating"庆祝"；C：reaching"到达"；D：forgetting"忘记"。根据空前"singinganddancing"可知，这是作者们庆祝一天行程结束的方式。故选B。21．句意：我累得坐了下来，试图集中精力找到我的帐篷。A：energy"力气"；B：evidence"证据"；C：courage"勇气"；D：speed"速度"。根据空前"tryingtogatherthe"以及语境可知，此处指作者试图集中精力找到帐篷。故选A。22．句意：第二天早上，我们再次排队，我因为超重而自动走到后面。A：hurriedly"匆忙地"；B：automatically"自动地"；C：aimlessly"漫无目的地"；D：carefully"仔细地"。根据空后"forbeingoverweight"以及语境可知，此处指作者因体重问题，自动走到后面。故选B。23．句意：到中午，我意识到我犯了人生中最大的错误。A：wish"愿望"；B：mistake"错误"；C：decision"决定"；D：apology"道歉"。根据下文"Icouldfeeltearsfillingmyeyes"我能感觉到泪水盈眶；以及语境可知，此处指作者认为登山是错误，已经开始后悔了。故选B。24．句意：我能感觉到泪水充满了我的眼睛，脑海中响起刺耳声音。A：sweet"甜的"；B：calm"平静的"；C：loud"大声的，刺耳的"；D：soft"轻柔的"。根据下文"You'retoofat!"你太胖了，等内容可知，这是作者的自我否定，所以这些声音刺耳。故选C。25．句意：这是我做过最艰难的事吗？A：craziest"最疯狂的"；B：stupidest"最愚蠢的"；C：saddest"最悲伤的"；D：toughest"最艰难的"。根据下文"Ithoughtbacktothosesixpainfulmonthsin2022whenIhadcancer."我想起了2022年我患癌症时痛苦的六个月。可知，作者对比两件艰难事。故选D。26．句意：我继续走。A：walking"走"；B：thinking"思考"；C：crying"哭"；D：questioning"质疑"。根据空后"sawthetopsofthediningtents"可知，此处指作者继续走准备登山。故选A。27．句意：几个女人已经在那里，谈论着艰难的一天。A：waitingfor"等待"；B：thinkingof"想起"；C：preparingfor"为准备"；D：talkingabout"谈论"。根据空后"thehardday"；以及语境可知，此处指她们交流当日感受，故选D。28．句意：我因并非唯一挣扎者而释然。A：interested"感兴趣的"；B：amused"好笑的"；C：excited"兴奋的"；D：relieved"释然的"。根据空后"Iwasn'ttheonlyonewhostruggled"以及语境可知，此处指发现他人也有困难，作者心情释然。relieved符合心理变化。故选D。29．句意：我们越爬越高，地面平坦，无遮阳处。A：faster"更快的"；B：deeper"更深的"；C：higher"更高的"；D：farther"更远的"。根据空前"Thegroundflattenedoutaswewent"以及常识可知，登山过程是向高处行进。故选C。30．句意：所有人需在11点前起床准备。A：quiet"安静的"；B：determined"坚定的"；C：ready"准备好的"；D：asleep"睡着的"。根据空前"everyonehadtobeup"以及结合登山行程可知，这里指所有人起床准备好出发。故选C。31．句意：我决定不登顶，而是在大本营看日出。A：instead"反而"；B：besides"此外"；C：therefore"因此"；D：otherwise"否则"。根据空后"Iwatchedthesunrisefrombasecamp"以及语境可知，这里"不登顶"与"看日出"是替代关系。故选A。32．句意：我原以为会因未登顶而难过。A：doubtful"怀疑的"；B：frightened"害怕的"；C：upset"难过的"；D：bored"无聊的"。根据空后"thatIdidn'treachthesummit"以及语境可知，这里指作者原预想未完成目标会难过。故选C。33．句意：我不后悔。A：worry"担忧"；B：regret"后悔"；C：fear"恐惧"；D：shame"羞耻"。根据上文"Butinfact,Ifeltstrongerthatnightthaneverbefore"但事实上，那天晚上我感觉比以往任何时候都强壮；以及语境可知，这里指作者在大本营看到日出，感觉非常强烈震撼，所以不后悔未登顶。故选B。34．句意：我们都达成了个人登顶。A：fixed"固定的"；B：original"原始的"；C：common"共同的"；D：personal"个人的"。根据空后"summitsonthistrip"以及语境可知，这里指作者虽未实质上登顶，但每个人都有个人成就，作者心里认为自己已经成功了，所以认为我们都达成个人登顶。故选D。35．句意：我能做难事并坚持下去。A：win"赢"；B：dream"梦想"；C：struggle"挣扎"；D：survive"坚持，挺过"。根据上文"Ithoughtbacktothosesixpainfulmonthsin2022whenIhadcancer."我想起了2022年我患癌症时那六个痛苦的月份；以及结合登山经历可知，此处指作者通过登上和抗癌学会坚持。故选D。六、第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HunanRestaurantinLondon36．(be)famousforitsspecial"no-menu"diningforover40years.37．(found)in1982byMichaelPeng'sfather,therestaurantintroducedspicyflavors(味道)ofHunandishestoLondon.Hisfatheroriginallyhadamenu.38．,customersoftenreceiveddifferentdishes.Theysaidtheydidn'tordercertainitems,whilehisfatherinsistedhehadgiventhembetterdishes,39．oftenledtoargumentsoverthebill.WhenMichaeltookovertherestaurantin1999,hestarteda"no-menu"approach.UnlikemostChineserestaurants,meals40．(arrange)basedonguests'preferences,dietaryneeds,andevenculturalbackground.Toensurequality,MichaelinsistedonusingfreshBritishingredients(食材).HementionedthatthesimplerHunandisheswere,the41．(good)ingredientswereneeded.Therestaurantalsooffered42．(special)selectedwines,includingGermanwineswhichPengfoundperfectforChinesedishes.Michaelsaidthat43．unique"no-menu"ideadependedheavilyoncustomertrustsinceitallowedchefstochoosemealstocreateaspecialdiningexperience.Despiteitssuccess,heacknowledgedthechallengesinLondon'scompetitivefoodindustry.With44．(increase)numbersofChineserestaurantsopening,headdedthattrueChinesecookingneededpropertraining,whichwashard45．(find)here.ThoughsomecustomersthinkHunanRestaurantcouldearnaMichelinstar,Michaelfocusesmoreonmakinghisteamhappy."Happystaffmakehappycustomers,"hesays.【答案】36．hasbeen；37．Founded；38．However；39．which；40．arearranged；41．better；42．specially；43．the；44．increasing；45．tofind【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，伦敦的湖南餐厅40多年来以独特的"无菜单"用餐方式闻名，该方式由迈克尔·彭于1999年接手餐厅后推出，根据客人偏好、饮食需求和文化背景安排餐食，同时坚持使用英国新鲜食材，还提供精选葡萄酒。迈克尔认为"无菜单"理念依赖顾客信任，虽面临伦敦餐饮业竞争和中国烹饪人才短缺的挑战，但他更注重让团队开心，认为员工快乐才能让顾客满意。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，副词，定语从句，语态，形容词，副词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。36．句意：40多年来，伦敦的湖南酒家一直以其独特的"无菜单"餐厅而闻名。be"是"，是谓语动词，根据时间状语forover40years可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语HunanRestaurant是单数形式，助动词用has。故填hasbeen。37．句意：MichaelPeng的父亲于1982年创立了这家餐厅，将湘菜的辣味引入了伦敦。found"成立，建立"，动词。此处作状语，应用非谓语形式，且与主语therestaurant之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Founded。38．句意：然而，顾客通常会收到不同的菜肴。前后句之间存在转折关系，且空格后有逗号，需要一个副词来表示这种转折，所以用副词however，位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。39．句意：他们声称自己并未点某些菜品，而他的父亲则坚称自己已经为他们提供了更好的菜品，这常常导致关于账单的争论。oftenledtoargumentsoverthebill是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词which代替上文的内容在从句中作主语。故填which。40．句意：与大多数中餐馆不同，这里的饭菜是根据客人的喜好、饮食需求甚至文化背景来安排的。arrange"安排"，此处是谓语动词，根据上下文，句子描述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时。同时，主语meals与动词arrange之间是被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态，主语是复数形式，be动词用are。故填arearranged。41．句意：他提到，湖南菜越简单，就需要越好的食材。good"好的"，形容词。根据句意和上文的thesimpler可知，此处是固定句型"the+比较级，the+比较级"表示"越……越……"，所以空格处用比较级better。故填better。42．句意：餐厅还提供特别精选的葡萄酒，其中包括德国葡萄酒，彭发现这些葡萄酒非常适合中国菜。special"特殊的"，形容词，此处修饰动词selected，应用其副词specially，作状语。故填specially。43．句意：Michael表示，这种独特的"无菜单"模式在很大程度上依赖于顾客的信任，因为它允许厨师根据顾客的喜好来选择菜品，从而为顾客营造出独特的用餐体验。此处特指"独特的无菜单理念"，需要使用定冠词the。故填the。44．句意：随着越来越多的中餐馆开业，他补充道，正宗的中国菜需要专业的培训，而这种培训在这里很难找到。increase"增加"，动词&名词，此处作定语，应用非谓语，修饰numbers，二者逻辑上是主谓关系，应用现在分词increasing，故填increasing。45．句意：随着越来越多的中餐馆开业，他补充道，正宗的中国菜需要专业的培训，而这种培训在这里很难找到。find"发现"，动词。此处是固定句式"主语+be+adj+todo"，用来描述主语的特征，故填tofind。七、第一节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，用所给单词的恰当形式填空。每个单词使用一次，每空填入一个单词。greetimpactpermissionseekresponddesireorigingraduallydistantintegrateToday,I'dlovetosharemytravelexperienceinJiangcheng,YunnanProvince,aplacethatlefta(n)46．onme.Iarrivedinthesmalltownearlyinthemorning.Thelocals47．visitorswithwarmsmiles.Fromconversationswiththem,Iknewthatthetownhadaninteresting48．.Itbeganasasmallfishingvillagemanyyearsago.Asmorepeoplesettledhere,itwas49．transformedint