Unit 4 Friends Forever Using Language-定语从句课件-2022-2023学年高中英语（外研版2019必修第一册）

定语从句很简单的哟~什么是定语从句？定语从句的结构是什么？定语从句兔子在吃一根胡萝卜。Therabbitiseatingacarrot.兔子在吃一根（我买来的）胡萝卜。Therabbitiseatingacarrot扩句thatIbought.*地里长出来的*又红又大的*我昨天在菜市场从刚跳完广场舞回来的张大伯那里买的定语，通俗来说就是一个形容词，它的作用就相当于形容词的作用，也就是用来修饰限定名词或者代词。比如：好吃的胡萝卜

定语从句就是一个小句子（从句）在一个大句子（主句）中充当定语成分，也就是所谓的定语从一个词变成了一句话，同样也是起到一个形容词的作用，修饰限定前面的名词或代词。比如：兔子在吃一根我买来的胡萝卜。

TherabbitiseatingacarrotthatIbought.atastycarrot定语从句只能是后置的定语是一个单词时前置定语从句的结构一根兔子吃了的胡萝卜一个我昨天看见的老师一个漂亮的女孩兔子吃胡萝卜的地方兔子吃胡萝卜的原因最喜欢的食物是胡萝卜的动物theanimal

whose

favoritefoodiscarrot.acarrot

that

therabbitate.ateacher

whomIsawyesterday.agirl

who

isbeautiful.theplace

where

therabbitatethecarrot.thereason

why

therabbiteatsthecarrot.先行词（名词或代词）+关系词+句子LOREMIPSUMDOLORSITAMET,TJBT从句“...的”关系词是

决定的。由前面的先行词Doyouknowthemanthat/whoisgoodatpainting?Thepicturethat/whichwaspaintedbyJohnisveryfunny.Ilovefruitthat/whichIcaneateveryday.先行词是人，关系代词作从句的主语先行词是物，关系代词作从句的主语先行词是物，关系代词作从句的宾语Themanthat/who/whomwemetintheschoolyesterdayismyteacher.Thestudentwho/thatgotaprizeintheexamwasagirl.先行词是人，关系代词作从句的宾语先行词是人，关系代词作从句的主语

Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.TheboywhosenameisBoboftenplaywithus.先行词是物，关系代词作从句的定语，译为“....的”,在这里是“书的（主题）”。先行词是人，关系代词作从句的定语，译为“....的”,在这里是“男孩的（名字）”。只用that，不用which的情况(当先行词是物，且符合以下几种情况)1、先行词是序数词或者最高级，或者先行词前面有序数词、最高级修饰的时候。2、当先行词是something、anything、nothing、everything、all、any等不定代词的时候。3、当先行词被theonly、thevery（正是）修饰时。4、当先行词不止一个，也就是先行词既有人又有物的时候。Doyouhaveanything

thatmustbedone?ThisisthehighestscorethatIcanget.That'sreallytheonlythingthathurtsme.Theoldmanandhisdog

thatwesawyesterdaydidnotappearagain.that、which、whom、who在从句中充当宾语时可以省略：1、Whoistheman(whom/who/that)youtalkedwithjustnow?2、Thisisthebook(which/that)Ireadyesterday.3、I’llneverforgettheday(which/that)Ispentinthefarm.关系副词：when、where、whyThisistheplace

that/which

wevisitedlasttime.Thisistheplace

wherewevisitedmygrandparentslasttime.从句缺少宾语，关系代词在从句中作宾语从句不缺少句子成分填关系代词还是关系副词有两种情况：

从句中缺少句子成分，如缺少主语、表语或者从句中的谓语动词是及物动词但后面却没有接名词或者代词，即缺少宾语，那么就要根据先行词填写关系代词。

如果从句中不缺少任何句子成分，那么就要根据先行词填写关系副词。及物动词是后面可以直接接宾语的动词不及物动词后面不能直接接宾语，要借助其他介词才能接宾语的动词，如：liveinBeijing、gotoschool、listentomusic、arriveatthebusstation......Istillrememberthetime________wefirstmeteachother.Istillrememberthetime________wespenttogether.Thisisthereason_________shecried.Thisisthereason_________shegaveme.whenthat/whichwhythat/which不及物动词，从句不缺成分缺少直接宾语及物动词，缺少宾语givesbsth给某人某物例题Whereisthebook_________Iboughtlastweek?that

/whichIsthereanythingelse_____yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whatBThelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itB例题Heistheman______

_livesnextdoor.who/thatTheman__________

wehavejustseenisafamouswriter.who/that/whomDoyouknowtheman______________theyaretalkingwith?Thegirl_________calledmejustnowisfromAmerica.who/that/whomwho/that例题Idon’tlikecities______________havealotoffactories.which/thatThetrain_________hasjustleftisforShenzhen.which/thatThecity_________Iwasbornhasalotofparks.Iforgetthehouse_______theSmithslived.wherewhere例题Hehasbecomeasuppersportsstar______fansareeverywhereintheworld.whoseIsawahouse________windowsarebroken.whose例题Istillrememberthetime________Ifirstbecameacollegestudent.whenI’llneverforgettheday_____shewonthegame.whenThatisthereason________heiscry