译林版九年级上册讲义2.9A培优第二讲 Unit 1 Know yourself（下）-教师版

自学资料2021年*月*日主题：Unit1Knowyourself（下）易错回顾Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词1.Paymuchattention(注意)todetailswhenyou’rehavingatest.

2.Thegeneral(总的)opinionisthatthemeetingwasasuccess.

3.Lifeislikea(n)race(赛跑).Youshouldn’tstoprunning,oryouwillfallbehind.

4.Inmyopinion,neitheryounorhehasmetthestandard(标准)ofourcompany.

5.Thesciencepioneers(先锋)likeQianXuesenandMrsCurieopenedupunknownfieldsforus.

Ⅱ.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空bear,care,it,miss,win1.Thestudent’scarelessnessmadehimloselotsofmarksintheMathsexam.

2.TuYouyouwasthefirstChinesewhowontheNobelPrizeinMedicine.

3.InChineseculture,childrenbornintheYearoftheMonkeyaresaidtobesmart.

4.Hurryup,oryou’llmissthelasttraintoBeijingtoday.

5.Thehouseitselfisverybeautiful,butthestreetwhichit’sonisbusyandnoisy.

兴趣起航Whatpersonalitydoeshehave?乐学善思➽PartOneGrammar【知识梳理1】并列连词and,but,or和so的用法。由并列连词(and,so,but,or等)把两个或两个以上互不依从，但意思紧密联系的简单句连在一起而构成的句子叫做并列句。其结构一般是：简单句+并列连词+简单句。其中，and表示并列关系（和）或者顺承关系（不翻译）,but表示转折关系（但是），or表示选择关系（或者，还是）或让步关系（否则，要不然），so表示因果关系（所以）。1、and的用法（1）and表示顺承或递进关系，意为“又，和”，用来连接两个或两个以上的单词，短语或者句子。Eg.Theyhavetwoboysandagirl.他们有两个儿子和一个女儿。（2）and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。Eg.AmyandDanielaregoodstudents.Amy和Daniel都是好学生。（3）如果and连接的名词表达的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个限定词。Eg.Thesingeranddancerwaspresentatthepartytoday..（thesingeranddancer指的是一个人既是歌手又是舞者。）Aknifeandforkisonthetable.(aknifeandfork意思是副刀叉)2、or的用法（1）or表示选择关系，意为“或者”，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词与or后面的主语在人称和数上面保持一致，也就是说or后面的谓语动词是就近原则。Eg.Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?你喝茶还是喝咖啡？Heoryouaregoingtoseethemoviewithus.他或者你可以和我们一起去看电影。（2）or表示让步关系，意为“否则，要不然”，句型结构一般为：祈使句+or+陈述句。Turntheheatdownorit'llburn.把炉火开小一些，不然就烧焦了。[拓展]and与or在祈使句用法区别Eg.Work

hard,andyouwillsucceed.Workhard,oryouwon'tsucceed.有点类似于我们所讲的条件状语从句第一句Work

hard,andyouwillsucceed.=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.[经典例题]1.（2020年四川甘孜州）Getupearly,_____________youwillmissyourtrain.A.orB.and C.butD.so解析：首先but表示转折，代入句子中翻译，早点起床，但是你会错过火车，这个不通，所以C项是错的。然后看是or还是and。可以将句子改写成条件状语从句。Ifyougetupearly,youwillmissyourtrain.如果你早起，你就会错过火车，意思不通，就用or，如果意思通了，就选and。这道题选A。2.（2020年湖北咸宁改编）—MyaimistogotoWuhanUniversityforfurtherstudy.—Workhard,___________youcanmakeit.A.orB.soC.andD.but解析：首先把B、D选项代入翻译B：so努力，所以你会做到。不通，排除。D：but努力，但是你会做到。不通，排除。选or还是and改写：Ifyouworkhard,youcanmakeit.如果你努力，你就会做到，通顺，所以选and.3、but的用法but表示转折关系，意为“但是”，所连接的成分意思往往相对或相反。Eg.Wedidn'twinbutwecameclose.我们输了，但离赢只差了那么一小点儿。[注意]凡是转折关系，都是后面的内容重要。[拓展]but作介词，意为“除...之外”Eg.Hedidn'tspeakanythingbutGreek.他除了希腊语之外不会说其他任何语言。[注意]but用作“除...之外”时是介词，既然是介词，就和其他介词是一样的，后面加名词短语/doing，如果加代词，要用宾格。修饰主语时，对谓语动词的人称和数不产生影响。Eg.Allofthembutmearestudents.除了我之外，他们都是学生。4、so的用法so连接两个句子，表示某事的结果，意为“结果，所以，因此”，不能与连词because连用。因为，一个连词连接两个句子。because也是连词，当要连接的句子有两个时，只能用一个连词，要么用so，要么是because。Eg.ItwasstillpainfulsoIwenttoseeadoctor.那地方还疼，因此我去看了医生。用作副词时，与动词，连词，形容词等连用，意为“这样，如此”。[辨析]so和such（1）后面接可数名词单数so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。它们都可以接可数名词单数，但词序不同。so的词序为：so+adj.+a（an）+n.such的词序为：such+a（an）+adj.+n.例如：soexcitedasinger=suchaexcitedsinger这么令人兴奋的一个歌手sointerestingamovie=suchaninterestingmovie那么有趣的一部电影（2）后面接可数名词复数或者不可数名词只能用such，而不能用so。例如：suchbeautifulflowers这么美丽的花suchusefulinformation如此有用的信息（3）特例复数名词或不可数名词前有many，few，much，little修饰时，只能用so而不能用such.somanyflowers如此多的花solittleinformation如此少的信息[注意]little除了表示少还有小的意思例如：suchlittlesheep[经典例题]1.（2020年贵州黔西南州）—Marydoesn’tlikefish________chicken—Bendoesn’tlikefish,________helikeschickenverymuch.A.and;but B.or;but C.or,and D.and;or2.（2020年贵州铜仁）—Workhard,________yourdreamwillcometrue.—Well.Iwilldomybest.A.so B.but C.and D.or3.（2020年北京）Washyourhandsbeforemeals,youmaygetill.A.and B.but C.or D.so4.（2020年黑龙江绥化）MikeandJim'sroomistidy,__________theirsister'snot.A.butB.andC.orD.so5.（2020年江苏盐城）Lovefromparentsislikethewind.youcan’tseeit,youcanfeelit.A.andB.orC.butD.so6.（2020年湖南湘西）—Howtimeflies!Themiddleschoollifeiscomingtoanend.—Yes.Wehavetosaygoodbye,___________ourfriendshipwilllastforever.A.andB.but C.orD.so7.（2020年内蒙古包头）It'snoteasytochangehabits,______withstrongwillandself-control,itispossible.A.for B.or C.but D.so8.（2019•江苏省连云港市）StorySignis___________ausefulapp__________itcanmakeiteasierfordeafchildrenandtheirparentstoreadbedtimestories.A.so...that B.such...that C.too...to D.as...as9.（2019•湖北省黄冈市）—WhatdoyouthinkofthenewmovieWanderingEarth（《流浪地球》）?—It’s__________wonderful__________Ireallylikeit.A.so;that B.such;that C.too;to D.enough;to答案：BCCACBCBA【知识梳理2】并列连词both...and...，notonly...butalso...，either...or...和neither...nor...的用法1、both...and...意为“两者都”（谓语用复数）Eg.BothBeijingandShanghaiarebigcities.北京和上海都是大都会。2、either...or...意为“要么...要么；或者...或者”词（就近原则）Eg.Wecangototheparkeitherthisweekornextweek.我们可以要么在这星期去公园，要么下星期去。EitheryouorIamgoingtheretomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。3、notonly...butalso...意为“不仅...而且...”（就近原则）Eg.Hecannotonlyplaybasketballbutalsoplaychess.他不仅会打篮球，还会下象棋。NotonlyhebutalsoIwasinvited.不但他而且我也被邀请了。4、neither...nor...既不...也不（就近原则）Eg.Helikeshisteaneithertoohotnortoocold.他喜欢茶不太烫也不太凉。Neitherhenorsheisathometoday.今天他和她都不在家。[经典例题]1.（2020年黑龙江牡丹江）—Whowenttothegraduationpartylastnight,Mary?—Almosteveryonedid.______lotsofstudents_____Ms.Wangappearedattheparty.A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;norC.Either;or2.（2020年湖北黄冈）—Whichdoyouprefer,teaorcoffee??—Either.

Tea

coffeearemyfavorite.A.Notonly;butalso

B.Both;and

C.Neither;nor

D.Either;or3.（2019•山东省临沂市）Abreakbetweenclassesisagoodtimeforstudentstoplaysportsandtalkwiththeirclassmates.Soit__________helpswithstudents’health,__________improvestheirsocialskills.A.either;or B.neither;nor C.notonly;butalso4.（2019•湖北省宜昌市）—It’sapitythat__________myteachers__________parentsallowmetoswimalone.—Afterallyouaretooyoung,safetyfirst.A.either...or B.neither…nor C.both...andD.notonly...butalso5.（2019•江苏省南通市）—What’stheweatherlikeinKunming,Lucy?—It’shotcold.SoKunmingiscalled“theSpringCity”.A.neither;nor B.notonly;butalso C.either;or D.both;and答案：ABCBA【知识梳理3】Sometimessheisimpatient.(P12)有时她没有耐心。impatient形容词，意为“没有耐心的，急躁的”，是patient的反义词，在句中通常做表语或定语。Eg.The

hungry

children

were

impatient

for

their

meal.肚子饿的孩子们急于要吃饭。IthinkIamquiteapatientperson.我认为我是一个相当有耐心的人。[拓展]patient名词，意为“病人”。patience名词，意为“耐心，耐性”。Eg.Informationisgiventothepatientverballyandinwriting.病人以口头和书面方式被告知信息。Ourpatiencewasfinallyrewarded.我们的耐心最终得到了回报。[经典例题]1.Thepioneerheartsurgeonsaid“_______________(care)willbeadisasternotonlytoourselvesbutalsoto_________________(patient)”答案：Carelessnesspatients[拓展]bepatientofsth.意为“忍耐某事”/bepatientwithsb.意为“对某人有耐心，容忍某人”。Eg.I

can't

be

patient

of

your

childish

questions

anymore.

我再也不能忍受你那些幼稚的问题了。She'sverypatientwithyoungchildren.她对幼儿特别有耐心。【知识梳理4】Billywouldnotacceptothers'advice.Billywouldnotthinktwice.(P12)比利不接受其他人的建议。比利不愿三思而后行。1、accept是及物动词，意为“接受，领受”。Eg.---IcanacceptfailurebutIcan'tacceptnottrying.---MichaelJordan.---我可以接受失败，但绝对不能接受自己都未曾奋斗过。---迈克尔。乔丹"辨析：accept，receiveaccept主观上的“接受，领受”，也可表示主观上接受某人或承认、赞同某一看法或理论。receive客观上的“收到，接到”，也表示自然的“获得”，相当于get；Eg.Shereceivedhispresent,butshedidn'tacceptit.她收到了他的礼物，但是没有接受。[注意]接受教育用receiveEg.InoldChina,eightypercentofthechildrenreceivednoformaleducation.在旧中国，百分之八十的儿童受不到正式教育。2、thinktwice三思而后行Eg.Thinktwicebeforeyougotalktotheboss.你去跟老板谈话前要三思而行。Youshouldthinktwicebeforehavingkids.你要在生孩子前好好考虑考虑。[经典例题]选用方框内所给短语的正确形式填空beimpatientwith;thinktwice;dothedishes;getangrywith;learnabout;bereadyto;besuitablefor1.Tomdidn’tpasstheexamagain,sohismother______________him.2.Idon’tthinksheisagoodteacher.She______________theslowlearnersoften.3.Therobotwill______________afterdinner,sopleasesitdownandwatchTV.4.Lucyisawarm-heartedgirl.She______________helpothersintrouble.5.______________aboutwhatyousaybeforeyousayit.6.It______________allskintypes.7.WheneverIwantto______________anything,IjustgotoGoogle.答案：1.gotangrywith 2.isimpatientwith 3.dothedishes4.isreadyto 5.Thinktwice6.issuitablefor7.learnabout【知识梳理5】Suzyworriestoomuch.(P12)苏西有太多烦恼。1、worry在这里是不及物动词，意为烦恼，担心；worryaboutsb/sth=beworriedabout意为“担心某人/某事(物)”。Eg.Theyworryabouthowtheywillsupportthemselvesintheiroldage.他们担心自己到了晚年该如何来维持生计。Heworriedaboutherheavydrinking.他为她的酗酒感到担忧。2、toomuch意为“太多的；太，过度”，修饰动词，也可修饰不可数名词。Eg.Shelaughstoomuch.她笑得太多了。Toomuchsunisn'tgoodforyou.晒太阳太多对你并没有好处。辨析：toomuch，toomany，muchtootoomuch意为“太多(的)”，常用来修饰不可数名词或动词；toomany意为“太多的”，常用来修饰可数名词复数形式；muchtoo意为“太，非常”，用作副词短语，修饰形容词或副词，表示程度。Eg.Youmadetoomanymistakes.你犯的错误太多了。Theclothesshewearsaremuchtooyoungforher.她穿的衣服显得过于年轻了。[经典例题]1.Thesofatakesup_____.Canyoumoveitaway?A.toomanyroomsB.toomuchroomsC.toomanyspacesD.toomuchspace答案：D➽PartTwoIntegratedskills&studyskills【知识梳理1】Discoverhowthepowerofcolourscanchangeyourmoodsandimproveyourlife!(P29)发现颜色的力量能怎样改变你的情绪并改善你的生活！1、discover，及物动词，意为“发现，发觉"。Eg.ScientistsaroundtheworldareworkingtodiscoveracureforAIDS.全世界的科学家都在努力寻找治疗艾滋病的方法。[辨析]discover，inventdiscover强调通过调查、勘察等手段发现原本客观存在的、尚未被人发现的事物。Eg.ColumbusdiscoveredAmerica.哥伦布发现了美洲。invent强调运用想象力，通过学习、思考、实验而发明、创造出原来不存在的、有用的新事物。Eg.Thefirstvideogamewasinventedabout25yearsago.第一个游戏大约是在25年前发明的。[经典例题]1.It'safactthatthoseislandsintheSouthChinaSeawerefirst________byChinese.A.foundB.foundoutC.inventedD.discovered2.Inthe19thcentury,gold______inCalifornia,America.A.discovered B.willdiscover C.isdiscovered D.wasdiscovered3.Tea,themostpopulardrinkintheworld,_________byaccidentinChina.A.discovered B.isdiscovered C.willbediscovered D.wasdiscovered4.However,noone________anylifeinspaceyet.A.hasbeendiscoveredB.discoveredC.hasdiscoveredD.havediscovered5.Hemadesomenew_________inscience.A.discovers B.discovered C.discovery D.discoveries答案：DDDCD2、improve，及物动词，意为“改善，增进；提高…的价值"。Eg.IneedtoimprovemyEnglish.我需要提高我的英语水平。[拓展]improvement名词，意为“改善,改进；改进的事物”。Eg.Herworkisshowingsomesignsofimprovement.她的工作出现了一些改进的迹象。[经典例题]1.HerEnglishskill_________alot.Howdoesshemakeit?A.improves B.improved C.hasimproved D.willimprove2.Theenvironmentinourcity_______greatlyifwemakeeveryeffortinthenearfuture.A.improvedB.wasimprovedC.hasimprovedD.willbeimproved3.---Couldyoutellme__________myEnglish?---Bylisteningandspeakingmore.A.whattoimprove B.wheretoimproveC.howtoimprove D.whichtoimprove4.UNICEFis__________thatworksto__________thelivesofchildren.A.anorganization;improveB.aorganization;improveC.anorganize;improvementD.aorganize;improvement答案：CDCA【知识梳理2】Wepromisethatthistherapycanhelpyouchangeyourmoods,oryouwillgetyourmoneyback!(P29)我们承诺这种疗法可以帮助你改变情绪，否则全额退款!promise意为“承诺，允诺"，既可做及物动词，也可做不及物动词。1、promisesth./that从句，“答应某事”Eg.I'llseewhatIcandobutIcan'tpromiseanything.我会去看看能做什么，但不能给予任何承诺。Butoneday,shepromisedthatshewouldmakeitsnowonmynextbirthday.可有一天，她许诺在我下一次生日的时候，她要让老天下雪。2、promisetodosth.“答应做某事”Eg.Wepromisetodeliverwithin48hours.我们承诺在48小时内送到。3、promisesb.(not)todosth.“答应某人（不）做某事”Eg.Youmustpromisemenottoworrytoomuch.你一定要答应我不要过分担忧。[拓展]promise，名词，意为“承诺，允诺"，breakapromise食言keepapromise遵守诺言makeapromise答应，许下诺言[经典例题]1.西蒙保证不再迟到了。Simon________________________________________again.答案：promisednottobelate2.—Jack,let'shaveapicnicafterschool.—Sorry.Ihave________Franktoworkonthebiologyreportwithhim.A.advised B.expected C.suggested D.promised答案：D【知识梳理3】Ifitdoesnotwork,youcangetyourmoneyback.(P29)如果疗法不起作用的话，可以退款。work，动词，意为“奏效；产生预期的结果（或作用）”。Eg.Thephoneisn'tworking.这部电话坏了。[拓展]（1）work，不可数名词，意为“工作”。Eg.I'mstilllookingforwork.我仍在找工作。（2）work，可数名词，意为“著作；作品”，常用复数works。Eg.Allworksofloveareworksofpeace.所有爱的工作都是和平的工作。[典型例题]1.如果它不起作用，我能拿回我的钱。Ifit________________，Ican________________________________.答案：doesn’twork;getmymoneyback.【知识梳理4】Shehaspractisedcolourtherapysincesheleftcollege.(P29)自从她大学毕业，她就从事颜色疗法。practise，及物动词，意为“练习;操练;实践"，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语。Eg.IfyoupractisespeakingEnglish,you'llsoonimprove.只要你练习说英语，很快就会进步。Don'tpractisedrumswhilethebabyissleeping.孩子睡觉时，不要练习打鼓。她从事颜色疗法多长时间了？[经典例题]1.Weshoulddowhatwecan_______English?A.topracticetospeakB.topracticespeakingC.practicespeakingD.practicetospeak答案：B【知识梳理5】Ifyoufeelstressed,eatmoregreenvegetables.(P29)如果你感觉有压力，多吃绿色蔬菜。stressed，形容词，意为“紧张的,有压力的"。feelstressed（out）意为“感到紧张，感到有压力”。Eg.Whenyoufeeltoostressedtostudy,youcancometoteachersforhelp.当你感到压力太大，无法继续学习时，你可以向老师寻求帮助。[拓展]stress，名词，意为“压力；强调；紧张；重要性；重读"。Eg.Weallhavetolearntohandlestress.我们都得学会调节压力。[拓展]stress，动词，意为“强调；使紧张；加压力于；用重音读"。Eg.Hestressedtheimportanceofagoodeducation.他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。[拓展]stressful，形容词，意为“压力重的；紧张的"。Eg.Itwasastressfultimeforallofus.对我们所有人来说，那是一个艰难的时期。[拓展]feelstressed(out)意为“感到紧张，感到有压力”Eg.Soifyou'refeelingstressedout,trytorememberwhenyourlastmealwas.因此要是你感到有压力时，试着想想你上顿饭是多久前吃的。[经典例题]1.---Fewstudentslikeexamsbecausetheybringthestudents__________.---Iagree.Ithinkfewerexamswillmakestudentsless_________.A.stress;stressedB.stressed;stressC.stress;stressD.stressed;stressed2.Hiswifejusthadanotherkid,sohe__________.A.isstressout B.stressedoutC.feelstressedout D.isstressedout3.________youfaceastressfulsituation,takeafewmomentstobreathedeeplybeforeyousayordoanything.A.Whenever B.However C.Whatever D.Anywhere4.Agoodwaytoreduce______istotalkaboutyourfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.A.strength B.stressC.energy D.power答案：ADAB【知识梳理6】Shesuggestsdifferentclothestodifferentpeople.(P30)她建议不同的人穿不同的衣服。suggest动词，意为“建议，提议"。接名词/动名词/that从句作宾语，其中that的宾语从句用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。Eg.MayIsuggestawhitewinewiththisdish,Sir?先生，吃这道菜，我给您推荐一种白葡萄酒，好吗？Isuggestedgoinginmycar.我提议坐我的车去。Isuggest(that)we(should)goouttoeat.我提议我们出去吃吧。[拓展]suggest动词，意为“暗示；表明"。主语往往是事物，而不是人。接名词或动名词或宾语从句作宾语.Eg.Thesymptomssuggestaminorheartattack.症状显示这是轻微心脏病发作。★Whatdotheseresultssuggesttoyou?照你看，这些结果说明什么呢？[拓展]suggestion可数名词，意为“建议”，同义词advice，不可数名词Eg.I'dliketohearyoursuggestionsforwaysofraisingmoney.关于筹集资金的办法，我想听听你的意见。[经典例题]1.Marysuggests____apicnicthisweekend.A.tohave B.having C.togoD.going2.---Whatdidyousuggestus________?---Isuggest________ameetingtodiscusstheproblem.A.do;holdB.todo;holdingC.todo;toholdD.doing;holding3.---Whatareyougoingtobuyforyourson,MrLee?---I________tobuyhimanewiPad.A.promised B.repliedC.suggestedD.wished4.WetalkedabouttheproblemandTim________doingsomeresearchfirst.A.finished B.enjoyed C.suggestedD.practised5.---You'reclearlytired,soIsuggestyou__________threeweeksoff.---Ithinkit’sagood________.A.shouldtake;advice B.willtake;suggestion C.take;advise D.take;suggestion答案：BBACD【知识梳理7】Youshouldthinkofthesun.(P30)你应该想起太阳。thinkof意为“想起,记起”，同义短语：comeupwithEg.IthinkofDragonwhenIthinkofChinese.说到中国人我就想起龙。[拓展]thinkof/about意为“考虑”Eg.Ineedtimetothinkaboutit.我需要时间考虑一下。[拓展]thinkover表示“仔细考虑”，强调仔细，over是副词，代词应放在think与over之间。[经典例题]1.---Whatdoyou____________theshow?

---I____________itisexciting.A.thinkof;thinkB.think;thinkofC.thinksof;thinksD.thinks;thinksof2.Lilywillgiveatalktomorrow.Sheisthinkingabout__________tomakeeveryonehappywithherspeech.A.howtosayB.whattosayC.whatcanIsayD.howcanIsay3.__________andletmeknowwhetheryouagreewithme.A.ThinkofitB.ThinkitofC.ThinkitoverD.Thinkoverit答案：ABC【知识梳理8】Shewillgiveyoufreeclothes.(P30)她会给你免费的衣服。free是形容词，在这里意为“免费的，免税的”。befreefrom免受，摆脱了......的。Eg.Sincethen,Ihavebeenfreefromthefearofspeakinginpublic.自那之后，我不再害怕在公开场合讲话。[拓展]freedom不可数名词，意为“自由”[经典例题]1.Willyoucomeandjoinusifyouarefreetomorrow?A.willhavefree B.willbefree C.havefree D.arefree2.---Areyou_______todoyourfavoritethings?---Yes.Ihaveenoughtime_______them.A.freeenough;todo B.enoughfree;doingC.freeenough;doing D.enoughfree;todo3.Mr.Wangisstrongly___________keepinganimalsinthezoo，becausehethinksanimalsshouldalsoenjoyfreedom.A.against B.for C.up D.down答案：DAA【知识梳理9】I'dratherwearorange.(P30)我宁愿穿橙色的。wouldratherdosth意为“宁愿/更喜欢做某事”。Eg.Theywouldratherstruggleforpeace.他们宁愿为和平而奋斗。[拓展]wouldrather...than...宁愿...而不愿...Eg.Kidswouldratherplaythanstudy.孩子们宁愿玩而不愿学习。Iwouldrathernotchangethetime.我倒宁愿不要更改时间。[经典例题]1.---Whichdoyouprefer,ChinesefoodorWesternfood?---Iwouldrather________Chinesefood.Let'shavenoodles.A.tohaveB.havingC.hadD.have2.---Whatdoyouthinkofthewhitedress?---I______itsstyle,butI________notchooseitbecauseofitsprice.A.wouldrather;preferB.prefer;preferC.wouldrather;wouldratherD.prefer;wouldrather3.Moreandmorecoupleswouldrather__________asecondbaby__________theirfirstchildcanfeellesslonely.A.have;inorderto B.tohave;inordertoC.have;sothat D.tohave;sothat4.---DoyouplantohaveadrivingtouronthecomingMayDay?---I'mafraidthereisalotoftraffic,soI'drather________thetrainthan________acar.A.take;todrive .B.take;drive C.taking;driving .D.totake;todrive答案：DDCB【知识梳理10】Inmanyplaces,babyboysaredressedinblueandbabygirlsinpink.(P31)在许多地方，小男孩穿蓝色，小女孩穿粉色。1、babyboys和babygirls都是复合名词，名词baby做定语修饰后面的主体词。复合名词变成复数时，只将复合名词的主体词变为复数。Eg.Iplantedthoseappletrees.我种了那些苹果树。[注意]当man，woman做定语构成的复合名词变复数时，前后两部分都要变为复数。Eg.Therearethreewomenteachersinourschool.我们校有三位女教师。[经典例题]1.Thereareovertwohundredteachersinourschool.________ofthemare_______.A.Threefifth,womanteachersB.Thirdfifths,womenteacherC.Threefifths,womenteachers2.---Ihearthefouryoung________inourschoolstillhaveno________.---Really?Maybetheyaretooshy.A.manteachers,girlfriends B.menteachers,girlsfriendsC.menteachers,girlfriends D.manteachers,girlsfriends3.---Do_________likegoingto___________?---Idon’tknow.A.womanteachers,clothesshops B.womenteachers,clothesshopsC.womanteachers,sportshops D.womenteachers,shoesshops答案：CCB2、bedressedin+衣服/颜色“穿着”Eg.Wemustbedressedinuniformatschool.在学校我们必须穿制服。Shelikestobedressedinred.她喜欢穿红色衣服。[拓展]（1）dresssb给某人穿衣服Eg.Shebathedheranddressedherincleanclothes.她给她洗了澡并穿上干净衣服。（2）dressup装扮，打扮Eg.Youdonotneedtodressupfordinner.你不必为了晚宴盛装打扮。（3）dressupas装扮成Eg.Theyalldressupasdoctors.他们都打扮成医生模样。[经典例题]1.Andygets________quickly,andthen________hislittlesister.A.dresses;dressed B.dressed;dressesC.dresses;dresses D.dressed;dressed2.I'dlike___________up________anorangedress.A.todress;in B.dressing;in C.todress;as D.dressing;as3.Westerncountries,womenarealwaysdressed________white______theirweddingday,becausewhiteisthecolourofpurity.A.on;on B.in;inC.on;in D.in;on4.---IsawAnn__________agreendressattheschoolmeeting.---Ithinkshelooksbetter________red.A.dressed;inB.puton;onC.wearing;inD.wear;on5.Childrenwantto_________ghostsandwitches.A.dressatB.dressinasC.dressupD.dressupas6.Thegirlistooyoungto__________herself.A.wearB.putonC.dressD.dressup答案：BADCDC【知识梳理11】Inthepast,women’smainjobwastolookforfoodfortheirfamily.(P31)在过去，妇女的主要工作就是为她们的家人寻找食物。不定式作表语：主语是以aim,ambition,duty,hope, idea,intention,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组.或以what引导的名词性分句表示.后面的不定式说明其内容。Eg.My idea is to climb the mountain from the north. Our plan is to make better use of these materials. What I would suggest is to start work at once. The only thing I can do now is go on studying hard.[典型例题]1.Mydreamis___________tothemoonsomeday.A.goB.togoC.goesD.gone答案：B【知识梳理12】Thecolourbluewasoncebelievedtohavethepowertodriveevilspiritsaway,sopeopledressedbabyboysinblueinthehopethatboyswouldbeprotected.(P31)蓝色曾被认为有驱赶恶灵的威力，所以人们给男婴穿蓝色以希望男孩会受到保护。1、sb/sthisbelievedto...=Itisbelievedthat...据相信……，因此上句还可以转述为：Itwasoncebelievedthatthecolourbluehadthepowerto…Eg.Itisbelievedthatgreenhousegasesarethemaincausesofglobalwarming.一般认为温室效应气体是导致全球变暖的主因。2、power名词，意为“力量，能力；"。Eg.Hehadlostthepowerofspeech.他丧失了语言能力。[拓展]powerful形容词，意为“强大的；强有力的"。Eg.Themediahasapowerfulinfluenceonpublicopinion.传媒对于舆论有很大的影响。[典型例题]1.Bothredandblackrepresent_____.ButIprefertowearredwhenIfeeltired.A.powerfulB.powerC.peaceD.peaceful2.---Whydidn'tyouaskTomtohelpyouwithyourwork?---Becausehewasonlyastudentandhadno_______experience.A.powerfulB.practicalC.loyalD.general3.Knowledgeispower,butsometimesIfeelthoughtsare________thanknowledge.A.powerful B.morepowerfulC.mostpowerful D.themostpowerful答案：BBB3、inthehopethat/inthehopeofsth抱着……的希望Eg.Icalledearlyinthehopeofcatchingherbeforeshewenttowork.我很早就打了个电话，希望在她上班之前找到她。TheycontactedmeinthehopethatIcouldshowthemabetterway.他们联系到我，希望我能给他们展示一种更好的方法。[典型例题]怀着能找到一份好工作的希望，李明的叔叔于2000年去了深圳。1.LiMing’sunclewenttoShenzhenin2000________________________________hecouldfindagoodjob.答案：inthehopethat➽PartThreeTask【知识梳理1】Heisnotafraidofmakingaspeechinfrontofmanypeople.(18)他不害怕在许多人面前演讲。1、afraid形容词，意为“害怕的；恐怕；担心的”。（1）beafraidof害怕；担忧of是介词，后面加名词短语/doing/代词（宾格）Eg.Hewasafraidofhurtingmyfeelings.他害怕伤我的感情。（2）beafraidtodosth.害怕做；不敢做Eg.Shewasafraidtoopenthedoor.她不敢开门。（3）beafraid(that)担心；恐怕Eg.I'mafraidthatit'snotfinishedyet.此事恐怕还没有完。[经典例题]1.Healwaysstudieshardandisafraidof_________.A.makingaspeechB.takingtheleadC.fallingbehindD.givingup2.Theboyis________seetheteacherbecausehe________amistakeA.afraidof;hasB.afraidto;hasmadeC.afraidto;makeD.afraidof;made3.Thechildrenwereafraidof___________(dark).Theyscreamedandcriedinthedarkhole.答案：CBdarkness2、speech可数名词，意为“演说，讲话，发言”，其复数形式为speeches。make/giveaspeech发表演讲/演说Eg.I'malwaysnervouswhenImakeaspeech.在发言时我总是感到紧张。[经典例题]1.Tomakeaspeechtomorrow,Tonyhas_____________thespeechwordbywordmanytimes.A.goneoverB.lookedatC.thoughtofD.goneafter答案：A2.Givinggood___________(speech)isbasedonyourwordsandyourbodylanguage.答案：speeches【知识梳理2】Hespendsalotoftimehelpingwithourclassprojects.(18)他花费大量的时间帮助我们的班级计划。spend及物动词，意为“花费(时间/金钱)"。spendsometime/money(in)doingsth意为“花费时间/金钱做某事”。[辨析]spend，take，cost，pay（1）spend的主语通常是人，常用于sbspendsomemoney/timeonsth或sbspendsomemoney/time(in)doingsth结构中。Eg.Ispendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevision.我看电视花的时间太多。（2）take主要用于指花费时间，常用于Ittakessbsometimetodosth句型中,其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。Eg.Ittakesmeanhourtowalkthereandback.我步行往返要花一个小时。（3）cost的主语只能是事物，不能是人，常用于sthcost(sb)somemoney结构中。Eg.Ticketscosttendollarseach.每张票价为十元。（4）pay主要指花费金钱，主语是人，通常用于sbpaysomemoneyforsth结构中。Eg.Hepaidhisbillforthenewspapers.他付了报纸的帐单。[经典例题]1.Mr.Guisagoodteacher.Hespendsasmuchtimeashecan___________________.A.explainproblemstousB.explainingproblemsforusC.explainproblemsforus D.explainingproblemstous答案：D2.Manypeopleprefers___________theirmoneyonahaircuttoontheirteeth.答案：spending【知识梳理3】Davidisconfident.Hethinkshecandoanythingifhetrieshisbest.(18)David很自信。他认为如果他尽力，他能做任何事。1、confident形容词，意为“自信的；确信的"。Eg.Theteacherwantsthechildrentofeelconfidentaboutaskingquestionswhentheydon'tunderstand.教师要孩子们遇到不懂的问题就大胆提问。[拓展]confidence，名词，意为“信心；信任；秘密"。Eg.Shehaseveryconfidenceinherstudents'abilities.她完全相信她学生的能力。[经典例题]1.Weallknowthatwe’llmeetallkindsofdifficultiesinourlivesinthefuture.Weshouldlearntobe________anychallenge!A.confidentenoughtotakeon B.activeenoughtotakeupC.enoughcarefultotryon D.enoughpatienttotryout2.---Lucy,thankyouforadvisingmetowearredclothesyesterday.Ipassedtheinterview!---_____Infact,redcangiveyoupowerandhelpyougainconfidence.A.That’sright.B.Withpleasure.C.Don’tmentionit.D.Redismyfavouritecolour.答案：AC2、tryone'sbest意为“尽力，尽某人最大努力”，相当于doone'sbest；try/doone'sbest