二十四　选择性必修 第二册　Units 4、5

二十四选择性必修第二册Units4、5(20分钟20分)阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)A(2025·重庆模拟)Withhisfingertips,JosePedroGonzalezexaminedasmall-scalemodelofBarcelona’sfamousSagradaFamiliachurchinanexhibitionthatallowsaparticulargroupofvisitorstodiscoversomeoftheworld’sbest-knownmonuments.“Iambornwithouttheabilitytoperceivetheworldwithmyeyes.ThisisthefirsttimeIhavegotageneralideaofwhatthemonumentislike,whatthespaceinsideislike,”GonzalezsaidwithexcitementasheexploredthewoodencopyofthebeautifulchurchcreatedbythefamousarchitectAntoniGaudi.TheTyphlologicalMuseuminMadrid,Spain,boasts37reproductionsofgloballyfamousmonuments,alllistedasworldheritagesites.Establishedin1992byONCE,Spain’snationalorganizationfortheblindwith71,000members,themuseum’snamecomesfromtheGreekword“tuphlos,”meaningblind.Craftedfromwood,stone,metal,orresin(树脂),thesemodelsareaccessibletoallvisitors,providingahands-onexperienceofthearchitecture.AccordingtoMireiaRodriguez,avisuallyimpaired(受损)guide,thereisnoothermuseumintheworldwithsuchauniquecollection.In2023,themuseumreceived16,000visitors.Besidesthearchitecturalmodels,themuseumalsoshowcasesartworkbyvisuallyimpairedartistsanddisplaystoolsandequipmentusedinthepasttoassistblindindividualsinaccessingculture,includingBraillebooks.AfterexploringaroomfilledwithmodelsofSpain’sfamouslandmarks,suchastheAlhambraPalaceinGranada,Madrid’sRoyalPalace,andtheSantiagodeCompostelaCathedral,Gonzalezpraisedtheexhibitionas“reallymarvelous”.AnotherroomdisplaysinternationaliconsliketheTajMahal,LondonBridge,theStatueofLiberty,andtheEiffelTower.ForpeoplelikeGonzalez,despitedetailedexplanations,theycannevergetaproperimageofwhatexhibitsarelikewithoutfingertips,whichundoubtedlyhavecreatedalotoffrustration.Thefactthattherearespaceslikethisisfantastic.【语篇属性】语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会(建筑领域的代表性作品)语篇内容文章主要介绍了西班牙马德里一个独特的博物馆。该博物馆陈列了世界各地著名建筑的复刻模型供盲人触摸、感受从未见过的建筑奇迹语篇结构Para.1GonzalezexaminedamodelofSagradaFamiliachurchinanexhibition.Para.2BlindGonzalezwasexcitedexploringthechurchmodel.Para.3TheTyphlologicalMuseuminMadridhasfamousmonumentreproductions,establishedbyONCE.Para.4Themuseumhad16,000visitorsin2023,showingvariousexhibits.Para.5FortheblindlikeGonzalez,fingertipshelpunderstandexhibits,andthemuseumisgreat.【命题意图】1.WhatcanbelearnedaboutGonzalez?本题考查对文章内容理解。通过询问关于Gonzalez的具体情况,考查考生是否能仔细阅读文本,准确提取与人物相关的关键信息以此检验考生对细节内容的把握能力。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boasts”probablymeaninParagraph3?此题考查词汇理解。针对文中特定的、可能对考生有一定理解难度的词汇“boasts”设题,旨在考查考生结合上下文语境推测生词词义的能力。要求考生能够依据该词所在句子以及描述的博物馆及其藏品的相关内容,合理推断出该词在此处表示

“拥有、收藏”等类似含义。3.Whatmakesthe

TyphlologicalMuseumunique?此题考查对文章关键信息的理解和归纳能力。文中重点强调了这些用不同材料制作的模型可供所有游客触摸体验。通过给出不同方面的选项内容,让考生从文中找出使该博物馆区别于其他博物馆的关键因素,即提供可供触摸的建筑模型这一特色,以此检验考生是否能抓住文章重点,博物馆为盲人提供特殊体验的核心内容。4.What

mightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?此题考查选择合适的文章标题,主要目的是考查考生对整篇文章主旨大意的全面、准确把握能力。看考生是否能理解文章主要围绕马德里的TyphlologicalMuseum展开,并且突出该博物馆为盲人提供特殊体验这一关键主题,从而能够从各个选项中筛选出最能概括文章核心内容的标题。1.WhatcanbelearnedaboutGonzalez?A.Heloseshissight.B.Heworksinthemuseum.C.Heisanarchitect.D.Hevisitsthechurchregularly.【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第一段第一句“Withhisfingertips(用指尖)”和第二段“Iambornwithouttheabilitytoperceivetheworldwithmyeyes.ThisisthefirsttimeIhavegotageneralideaofwhatthemonumentislike,whatthespaceinsideislike(我生来就没有用眼睛感知世界的能力。这是我第一次感受纪念碑的样子,对里面的空间有了一个大致的了解)”可知,Gonzalez是失明的,只能靠手去感受博物馆的模型,故选A。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boasts”probablymeaninParagraph3?A.Sorts.

B.Restores.C.Lacks. D.Houses.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第三段的“TheTyphlologicalMuseuminMadrid,Spain(西班牙马德里的Typhlological博物馆)”和“37reproductionsofgloballyfamousmonuments,alllistedasworldheritagesites(37个世界著名古迹的复制品,都被列为世界遗产)”可知,该博物馆“陈列或拥有”37个复刻品,画线词boasts的意思是“陈列或拥有”,和houses意思相近。故选D。3.WhatmakestheTyphlologicalMuseumunique?A.Itprovidesmodelsavailabletotouch.B.Itdisplaystheartworksofblindartists.C.Itfocusesonhistoricarchitecturaldesigns.D.Itreceivesthemostvisitorsallovertheworld.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“Craftedfromwood,stone,metal,orresin,thesemodelsareaccessibletoallvisitors,providingahands-onexperienceofthearchitecture.AccordingtoMireiaRodriguez,avisuallyimpairedguide,thereisnoothermuseumintheworldwithsuchauniquecollection.可知,这个博物馆独一无二之处在于能让盲人通过触摸感受模型、感知世界,故选A。4.Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ChurchinBarcelona:Spain’sArchitecturalWonderB.DelicateModels:ReproductionsofWorldLandmarksC.MuseuminMadrid:ASpecialExperiencefortheBlindD.TheTyphlologicalMuseum:AVisualFeastforArchitects【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第三段可知,本文主要介绍了西班牙马德里的Typhlological博物馆,其独特之处在于提供各地著名建筑的复刻模型供盲人触摸、感受从未见过的建筑奇迹,因此最恰当的题目是C选项“MuseuminMadrid:ASpecialExperiencefortheBlind(马德里博物馆:盲人的一场特殊体验)”。故选C。【失分剖析】第1题:在第1题中,如果考生没有仔细阅读关于Gonzalez的描述,或者误解了相关语句,就可能误选其他选项。例如,没有理解“withouttheabilitytoperceivetheworldwithmyeyes”的含义。B选项文中未提及他在博物馆工作;C选项文中只提到他在参观与建筑师Gaudi相关的模型,未表明他是建筑师;D选项文中没有他经常参观教堂的信息。第2题:词汇和语法理解不足导致失分。如果考生对“boasts”这个词的常见含义不熟悉,又不能根据上下文合理推断,就容易选错。比如,错误地将其理解为与“lacks”类似的意思,就会影响对整个句子和博物馆特点的理解。第

3题:如果考生没有抓住模型可触摸体验这一关键信息,而被其他次要信息干扰,如盲人艺术家作品展示等,就可能选错。B选项展示盲人艺术家的作品不是其独特的主要原因;C选项重点不是在历史性建筑设计本身,而是触摸体验;D选项文中未提及它是世界上游客最多的博物馆。第4题:如果不能从整体上理解文章是围绕盲人在博物馆的特殊体验展开,而被一些局部内容吸引,如教堂模型、建筑模型等,就会选择错误的标题。A选项只提到巴塞罗那的教堂,过于片面;B选项重点在模型本身,没有突出盲人体验;D选项“视觉盛宴”与盲人无关,且“forArchitects”表述错误。B(2025·名师原创)DoctorshavetransplantedapigkidneyintoaNewJerseywomanwhowasneardeath,partofadramaticpairofsurgeriesthatalsostabilizedherfailingheart.LisaPisano’scombinationofheartandkidneyfailurelefthertoosicktoqualifyforatraditionaltransplant,andoutofoptions.ThendoctorsatNYULangoneHealthdesignedanovelone-twopunch:Implantamechanicalpumptokeepherheartbeatinganddayslatertransplantakidneyfromageneticallymodifiedpig.Pisanoisrecoveringwell,theNYUteamannouncedWednesday.She’sonlythesecondpatientevertoreceiveapigkidney—followingalandmarktransplantlastmonthatMassachusettsGeneralHospital—andthelatestinastringofattemptstomakeanimal-to-humantransplantationareality.Thisweek,the54-year-oldgraspedawalkerandtookherfirstfewsteps.“Iwasattheendofmyrope,”PisanotoldTheAssociatedPress.“Ijusttookachance.Andyouknow,worstcasescenario(设想),ifitdidn’tworkforme,itmighthaveworkedforsomeoneelseanditcouldhavehelpedthenextperson.”Dr.RobertMontgomery,directorofNYULangoneTransplantInstitute,recountedcheersintheoperatingroomastheorganimmediatelystartedfunctioning.“It’sbeentransformative,”Montgomerysaidoftheexperiment’searlyresults.But“we’renotoffthehookyet,”cautionedDr.NaderMoazami,theNYUheartsurgeonwhoimplantedtheheartpump.“WiththissurgeryIgettoseemywifesmileagain,”Pisano’shusbandToddsaidWednesday.Othertransplantexpertsarecloselywatchinghowthepatientimproves.“Ihavetocongratulatethem,”saidDr.TatsuoKawaiofMassGeneral,whonotedthathisownpigkidneypatientwashealthieroverallgoingintohisoperationthanNYU’spatient.“Whentheheartfunctionisbad,it’sreallydifficulttodoakidneytransplant.”【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道,一个妇女在进行心脏泵植入的同时,接受了肾移植。手术很成功。5.WhatisspecialaboutPisano’ssituation?A.Heroperationwassuccessful.B.Sheisabitoldforthissurgery.C.Bothherheartandkidneyfailed.D.Whatshereceivedisapigkidney.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中“LisaPisano’scombinationofheartandkidneyfailurelefthertoosicktoqualifyforatraditionaltransplant”可知,Pisano的心脏和肾脏同时衰竭,不适合做肾脏移植手术,这是很特殊的情况。故选C。6.WhatdoesDr.RobertMontgomerythinkofthistransplantation?A.Risky.

B.Difficult.C.Experimental. D.Revolutionary.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第五段