轨道交通行业英语课件：世界著名铁路

World's

Famous

Railways4GrammarandWriting目录3ReadingLearningSituation2Warming-up1CONTENTSLearningSituationPart01

INTRODUCTION

Bytheendof2023,therailwayoperatingmileagehasincreasedfrom21,000kilometersintheearlydaysofthefoundingofNewChinatomorethan159,000kilometers,

andthe

operatingmileageofhigh-speedrailhasgrownfromzeroto45,000kilometers.The“

FourVerticalandFour

Horizontal”

high-speedrailnetworkhasbeenfullycompleted,

andthe

"EightVerticalandEightHorizontal"high-speedrailnetworkhasbeendenselyformed.ThisisagreatdevelopmentachievementmadebyseveralgenerationsofChineserailwaypeoplewhohavenotforgottentheiroriginalaspirationandhavemadecontinuousefforts.

SupposeyouareanoverseasrailwayworkerontheJakarta-Bandunghigh-speedrailwayproject,pleasecreateamindmapandintroducearailwaylinewithChinese

characteristics

toyourforeigncolleagues.Warming-upPart02

①Baotou-LanzhouRailway⑥Guangdong-HainanRailway⑤Chengdu-KunmingRailway④Yakeshi-LinhaiRailway③Oinghai-XizangRailway②Lanzhou-XinjiangRailway

Overthepast

,theHarbin-DalianHigh-SpeedRailway,theworld'sfirsthigh-speedrailwayina

zone,hastransported670millionpassengers,accordingtotheChinaRailwayHarbinGroup.The921-kilometerline,whichlinksHarbinwiththeportcityofDalian,beganto

inDecember2012.Itincludes23stopsacrosstheprovincesofHeilongjiang,JilinandLiaoning.It

traveltimebetweenHarbinandDalianfrom13hoursto3.5hoursWithadesignedspeedupto350km/h,the

traincanwithstand

rangingfrom-40℃to40℃,passingamilestoneinthecountry'sefforttobuildthelargesthigh-speedrailwaynetworkintheworld.decade coldoperate reducedhigh-techTemperaturesReadingPart03

Newwords

Newwords

Newwords

Phrases&Expressions

Qinghai-XizangRailway,World'sHighestandLongestPlateauRailwayTheQinghai-XizangRailwayisasymbolicprojectinChina'sWestDevelopmentStrategyandplaysasignificantroleinacceleratingthesocialandeconomicdevelopmentofQinghaiProvinceandXizangAutonomousRegion.TheQinghai-XizangRailwayisthehighestandlongestplateaurailwayintheworld,withatotallengthof1,956kilometers,ofwhich960kilometersisabovethealtitudeof4,000meters.ItisthefirstrailwaytoconnectXizangtootherareasofChina.The1,956-kilometerrailwaylinkbeginsinXining,capitalcityofQinghaiProvinceandgoestoLhasa,capitalcityofXizangAutonomousRegion.The814kilometer-longstretchfromXiningtoGolmudwasbuiltin1958andstartedoperationin1984.The1,142kilometersstretchbetweenGolmudandLhasarunssouthalongtheQinghai-XizangHighwayandwasconstructedbyrebuildingtheoriginal32-kilometer-longlinefromGolmudtoNanshankouandlaying1,110kilometersofnewtrack.Asitcrossesthemostfragileeco-systemintheworld,ecologicalprotectionmeasureshavebeentakenduringandafterconstructiontoensurethatitbecomesa“greenrailway”.原文：

1.symbolic/sɪmˈbɑːlɪk/adj.象征的；作为象征的2.China'sWestDevelopmentStrategy中国西部大开发战略strategy/ˈstrætədʒi/n.策略；战略；规划3.accelerate

/əkˈseləreɪt/v.加速；加快4.AutonomousRegion自治区Autonomous

/ɔːˈtɑːnəməs/adj.自主的；自治的region/ˈriːdʒən/n.区域；地方；行政区5.plateau/plæˈtoʊ/n.高原6.altitude/ˈæltɪtuːd/n.海拔；海拔高度7.Golmud

/'gʊəmənd/格尔木8.stretch/stretʃ/v.伸展；延伸9.fragile

/ˈfrædʒl/adj.易碎的；易损的10.eco-system/ˈekoʊˈsɪstəm/n.生态系统；生态环境eco=ecology/iˈkɑːlədʒi/n.生态；生态学

ecological/ˌiːkəˈlɑːdʒɪkl/adj.生态的；生态学的

青藏铁路是中国西部大开发战略中的一个标志性项目，将对加快青海省和西藏自治区的社会经济发展发挥重要作用。

青藏铁路是世界上海拔最高、线路最长的高原铁路，全长1956公里，其中海拔4000米以上的路段960公里。它是第一条连接西藏和中国其他地区的铁路。这条全长1956公里的铁路从青海省省会西宁市开始，一直到西藏自治区首府拉萨市。从西宁到格尔木的814公里长的路段建于1979年，于1984年开始运营。格尔木至拉萨的1142公里路段沿青藏公路向南延伸，是通过重建原格尔木至南山口的32公里长的线路和铺设1110公里的新轨道而修建的。由于铁路穿越世界上最脆弱的生态系统，在建设期间和建成后都采取了生态保护措施，以确保其成为一条“绿色铁路”。译文：

TheQinghai-TibetPlateauusedtobeanisolatedregionbecauseoftransportationdifficulties,highaltitude,steepterrainandcomplexgeographicalconditions.AmericantravelerPaulTherouxgaveanassessmentaboutrailwaysontheplateauregioninoneofhisdiariesinthe20thcentury,notingthataslongastheKunlunMountainsexist,arailwaywouldneverreachLhasa.ThebiggestchallengeinbuildingtheQinghai-XizangRailwaywastheharshgeographicalconditionsontheplateau.Thefragileecosystem,thelackofoxygenatthehigh-altitude,andthepermafrostweremajorissuesinthehistoryoftheQinghai-XizangRailway.Toensurethehealthofthebuilders,amedicalinsurancesystemwasputinplace.Atotalof115medicalfacilitiesweresetupalongtherailway,staffedwithmorethan600medicalprofessionals.17oxygen-makingstationswereconstructed.Therewasoneclinicevery10kilometersalongtheline,allowingsickworkersaccesstorapidandeffectivemedicaltreatment,aswellas

regularhealthchecks.原文：

1.isolated/ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/adj.孤立的；单独的；偏远的2.steep/stiːp/adj.陡的；陡峭的3.terrain/təˈreɪn/n.地形；地势；地带4.geographical/ˌdʒiːəˈɡræfɪkl/adj.地理(学)的 geo + graphy + cal

地理 + 学科5.PaulTheroux保罗•特鲁6.assessment/əˈsesmənt/n.评估；判定；看法7.harsh/hɑːrʃ/adj.恶劣的；残酷的8.oxygen/ˈɑːksɪdʒən/n.氧气；氧9.insurance/ɪnˈʃʊrəns/n.保险，（防备不测的）保障措施

由于交通不便、海拔高、地形陡峭、地理条件复杂，青藏高原曾经是一个与世隔绝的地区。美国旅行家保罗-特鲁在20世纪的一篇日记中对高原地区的铁路作出了评价，他指出，只要昆仑山还存在，铁路就不可能到达拉萨。

在修建青藏铁路的过程中，最大的挑战在于高原上恶劣的地理条件。青藏高原上脆弱的生态系统，以及高原缺氧和永久冻土是青藏铁路历史上的重大问题。

为了确保建筑工人的健康，建立了医疗保险制度。铁路沿线共设立了115个医疗设施，配备了600多名医疗专业人员。建设了17个制氧站。沿线每10公里就有一家诊所，让患病的工人获得快速有效的医疗，以及定期的健康检查。译文：

ProtectionoftheecologicalenvironmentwasanessentialconcerninthedesignoftheQinghai-XizangRailway.Around550kmoftherailwayhadtopassthroughtheplaceswithpermafrost,whichtroubledengineersovertheworld,buttheChinesesuccessfullyfiguredoutwaystosolvetheproblem,andensureroadbedstabilityinpermafrostregionsbygravelingembankmentsandvent-piperoadbedtechniques.Atthesametime,topreventdamagetopermafrost,wetlandsandgrasslands,675bridgeswithatotallengthofabout160kmwerebuiltbetweenGolmudandLhasa.Moreimportantly,ithasgreatlypromotedXizang'seconomicdevelopmentandimprovedthelives.In2008,the"Qinghai-XizangRailwayProject"wontheSpecialPrizeofNationalScienceandTechnologyProgress.原文：

ecologicalenvironment

生态环境concernin

关注,参与passthrough

穿过,经历,经验,遭受stability/stəˈbɪləti/

n.稳定(性)；稳定性gravel/ˈɡrævlig/v. 铺砾石embankment/ɪmˈbæŋkmənt/n.路堤,堤,堤岸vent-pipe

通风管,排气管

生态环境保护是青藏铁路设计中的一个重要问题。大约550公里的铁路必须经过永久冻土区，永久冻土区夏季土壤松软潮湿，冬季土壤坚硬且伸展。它困扰着全世界的工程师，但中国人成功地找到了解决问题的方法，并通过砾石路堤和通风管路基技术确保了永久冻土地区的路基稳定性。为了防止对永久冻土、湿地和草原的破坏，在格尔木和拉萨之间修建了675座桥梁，总长约160公里。

更重要的是，它极大地促进了西藏的经济发展，改善了当地居民的生活。2008年，“青藏铁路工程”获得国家科技进步特等奖。译文：

Nowadays,TheFuxing,China'smostadvancedbullettrainseries,hasbeganoperationsontheXining-GolmudsectionoftheQinghai-XizangRailwayline.Thetrainisdesignedforthehigh-altitudeandlow-temperatureenvironment.Withtheperformanceofanti-ultravioletlight,anti-windandsand,itcanmeettheoperationneedsof3,500metersabovesealevel.Accordingtothedata,thespeedofpassengertrainshasrisenfrombetween120and140kilometersperhourto160km/h.ThefastesttraveltimebetweenXiningandDelinghawillbelessthanthreeandahalfhours,providingconvenienceforresidentsalongtheline.AccordingtoChinaRailwayQinghai-XizangGroup'spublicitydepartment,inthefuture,moreeffortswillbemadetotheelectrificationoftheGolmud-Lhasasectio