UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION高中英语选择性必修第四册

UNIT1

SCIENCEFICTION选择性必修第四册内容索引·佳作抢鲜背·语境背诵·Part1核心要点突破狂背单词狂背短语·语基默写狂背佳句·Part2基础达标检测·双写培优练(2023·汕头二模)作者去邻居Mrs.Long的花园做社区服务，圣诞节前Mrs.Long要送礼物给作者，作者对礼物充满期待，却收到了一份几乎没有“重量”的小包裹……续写思路：接过包裹，感到失望——想要打开，被阻止——打开包裹感到震惊——珍视礼物

佳作抢鲜背学续写思路，背精彩范文(主题语境：人与社会之礼轻情意重)Itook

the

package

with

disappointment.SolightwasitthatIguessedtheremustbesomethingvalueless.(与首句衔接)Carryingthepackage，Itriedtocontainmydisappointedfacialexpression.Withasmile，shegentlypattedmeontheshoulderandencouragedmetoopenthepackage.SlowlyandcautiouslyIunwrappedthedelicately-packedpresent，wonderingwhatonearthitwouldbe.Butthenshetoldmetoopenthepackagesoonafterarrivinghome.Thankingherwithaknowingsmile，Iheadedhome.ThemomentIwasbackhome，curiositydrovemetounwrappedthedelicately-packedpresent.(与次段首句衔接)Opening

the

package，I

was

totally

astonished...(请根据首句提示尝试完成第二段续写。精彩范文见下一单元。)精彩范文1.富有表现力的形容词、副词和介词短语 light，gently，Slowlyandcautiously，Withasmile2.精彩的动作与神情描写 ①containmydisappointedfacialexpression ②gentlypattedmeontheshoulder3.提分高级句式 (1)倒装句＋结果状语从句：Solightwasitthat... (2)时间状语从句：Themoment... (3)现在分词短语作状语： ①Carryingthepackage... ②wonderingwhat....学习借鉴阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2023·汕头二模)Theaveragepresentmerelysatisfiesatemporarydesire;thegreatonebecomesmorepreciouswithtimegoingby.WhenIwasaboyoffourteen，Ineededtohave80hoursofcommunityserviceperyearandIusedtotakecareofMrs.Long’sgarden，whichwasnearthePresbyterianChurch.Asajuniorhighschoolstudent，Idevotedmyselftoit，sweepingthefallenleavesandmowingthelawn(修剪草坪).ThereIlearnthowtocutawaydrybranchesandevenhelpedtoplantasapling(小树苗).TiredasIwaseverytimeIfinishedmywork，Ididenjoythetimethereforlearningsomethingnew.IclearlyrememberedthatMrs.Long，aniceandcaringelder，alwaystreatedmetodeliciousmealsanddrinks.Shealsolovedtakingphotos，alwayswithanoldcamerainhand.Itwassaidthatthecamerawaspasseddownfromherfatherandshecherisheditalot.SeveraldaysbeforeChristmas，shewhisperedtome，“WhenChristmascomes，Ishallhaveapresentforyou.”Ispentmuchtimewonderingwhatitwouldbe.TheboysIplayedwithhadbaseballgloves，iceskatesandbicycles，andIwassoeagertoacquireanyoneofthesethatIconvincedmyselfthatsheintendedtochoosefromamongthem.Butatthesametime，Ihadsomedoubtswhethershewouldbuymesuchthingsbecauseshewasnotthatwell-off.ThedaybeforeChristmas，Iwentthereasbefore.Withtheworkdone，Iwasgoingtoleavewhenshepulledmeaside.“Kid，waitforaminute，”shesaid，leadingmeintoherlivingroom.Sheseatedmeonachair，wenttoanotherroom，andinamomentstoodbeforemeholdingasmallpackagethatundernocircumstancescouldholdabicycleorapairofskatesorevenabaseballglove.Itweighedalmostnothing.Ⅰ.阅读单词1.romanticfiction言情小说2.sciencefiction科幻小说(或影片等)3.berewardedforhereffortswithacashbonus

她因自己所作的努力而得到一笔现金奖金4.admirehiswisdomandintegrity欣赏他的智慧和正直5.Whatanabsurdidea！这个想法太荒唐了！6.asuccessfulsaleswoman一位成功的女推销员

语境背诵7.fallofftheladder

从梯子上掉下来8.chairwomanofthestudentsunion学生会女主席9.agreatsalesman一名伟大的推销员10.areasonforinaction不付诸行动的理由11.bemadeofleather是皮革做的12.pullthelever拉控制杆13.Givehimaninch，hewilltakeamile.得寸进尺。14.lookafterherniece照料她的侄女15.takeahandkerchieffromhispocket从他口袋里拿出一块手帕16.switchonalamp

开灯17.stunsbforamoment使某人昏迷了片刻18.abitofanoverstatement

有点夸张

Ⅱ.核心单词1.abiggersalary更高的薪水2.spreadarumour散布谣言3.Ipresumeso.我假设是这样的。4.taxifares出租汽车费5.oursuperiortechnology我们优越的技术6.keepatightgripontherope紧紧抓住绳索不放7.ahazymemory模糊不清的记忆8.fetchthekidsfromschool去学校接孩子9.pickoneatrandom随机地拣选了一个10.whereasconj.然而；但是；尽管1.ridiculousadj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的2.nailn.指甲；趾甲；钉子vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定3.suspendvt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓4.dismissvt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除5.alienn.外星人(生物)；外国人adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的6.labourn.劳动(者)；体力劳动

vi.奋斗；努力工作7.paneln.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组8.pacen.速度；步伐；节奏vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏9.maximumadj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度10.joltn.震动；摇晃；颠簸vt.&vi.(使)震动；摇晃Ⅲ.派生单词1.appointvt.任命；委任→appointedadj.约定的；指定的→appointmentn.预约；约会；委任2.guiltn.内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行→guiltyadj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的3.declarevt.表明；宣称；公布→declarationn.公告；宣言4.weekn.星期→weeklyadj.每周的

n.周刊5.calculatevt.计算；核算；预测→calculationn.计算；预测→calculatorn.计算器6.dividevt.分割；分配；除以→divisionn.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)；部门，处

7.urgen.强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgentadj.紧急的；紧迫的；催促的；急切的→urgencyn.紧迫；急迫；急事；紧要8.explodevi.&vt.爆炸；爆破vi.(感情的)爆发→explosionn.爆炸；爆破(声)9.mudn.泥；泥浆→muddyadj.泥泞的1.withwonder惊奇地2.prosandcons事物的利与弊；支持与反对3.drawabreath吸一口气4.turnout关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是5.fallaway(逐渐)减少；消失6.haveanurgeto有强烈的欲望做某事7.testoutone’sideas检验某人的想法8.bemorelikeabird’snest更像个鸟巢9.becheckedonaregularbasis以定期的方式进行检查10.besuperiortoothercompetitors比其他竞争者更胜一筹11.takeoverthefirm接管公司12.conflictwithherparentsoverherfuturecareer

她在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧

1.Heseemedmorelikeahumanthanamachine.(more...than...)

他看着不太像机器，而更像一个真人。2.Hewastallandhandsomewithsmoothhairandadeepvoice，althoughhisfacialexpressionneverchanged.(人物外貌描写)

他高大英俊，头发光滑，声音浑厚，尽管他的面部表情没有任何变化。3.Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot，butshegraduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.(Itbe＋形容词＋that从句)克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬，但她逐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。

4.Assheturnedaround，therestoodGladysClaffern.(全部倒装)

她转过身来，格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里。5.Itwasatteno’clocktodaythatthefirstofallTimeMachinesbeganitscareer.(强调句型)

今天十点钟，第一台时间机器开始投入使用。6.ItfeltlikeIwasbeingdrivenfastonawindingroad.(明喻)

这感觉就像我在一条蜿蜒的路上疾驰。

【词汇拓展记忆】-ly结尾的形容词集锦“说”法荟萃①weekly每周的②brotherly兄弟般的③costly昂贵的④manly有男子气概的⑤monthly每月的⑥yearly每年的①chatvi.&n.聊天；闲聊②whispervi.小声说；耳语③informvt.通知；告知④announcevt.宣告；宣布⑤declarevt.宣布；声明⑥statevt.声明；陈述“prosandcons”同类短语一览①backandforth

来来回回②upanddown上上下下③hereandthere到处④nowandthen时而；不时⑤rightandleft到处；左右两边⑥strengthsandweaknesses优缺点Ⅰ.单词拼写一、阅读单词——知其意语基默写1.fictionn.

______________________2.sciencefiction

______________________3.bonusn.

______________________4.ridiculousadj. ______________________5.dignityn.

______________________6.absurdadj.

______________________小说；虚构的事科幻小说(或影片等)意外收获；奖金；红利愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的庄重；庄严；尊严荒谬的；荒唐的7.nailn. ___________________________ vt. ___________________________8.saleswomann. ___________________________9.suspendvt. ___________________________10.chairwomann. ___________________________11.salesmann. ___________________________12.alienn. ___________________________ adj. ___________________________13.inactionn. ___________________________14.leathern. ___________________________指甲；趾甲；钉子(用钉子)钉牢；固定女售货员；女推销员悬；挂；暂停；暂缓女主席；女董事长；女委员长售货员；推销员外星人(生物)；外国人陌生的；外星的；外国的无行动；不采取措施皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套15.inchn. ___________________________16.niecen.

___________________________17.handkerchiefn.

___________________________18.lampn.

___________________________19.maximumadj.

___________________________ n.

___________________________20.overstatementn.

___________________________英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)侄女；外甥女手帕；纸巾灯；台灯最大极限的最大量；最大限度夸大；夸张二、核心单词——写其形1.____________n.薪水；薪金2.____________n.谣言；传闻3.____________vt.&vi.假设；假定4.____________n.车费；船费；飞机票价5.____________adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的6.____________vt.&vi.紧握；抓紧7.____________adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的8.____________adj.随机的；不可思议的salaryrumourpresumefaresuperiorgriphazyrandom■结合语境运用单词9.Thechairwomanhasdeclaredthat100workerswillbe____________(解雇)nextweek.10.Inthepractice，wecanexperiencethevalueof____________(劳动)andexposeourselvestoawiderangeofpracticalskills.(2022·烟台市适应性练习一)11.DesperateasDerekwas，hetooksomesoapsand____________(拿来)thejacketsecretlytothesinkwithJaney.12.Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults，________(然而；但是)othersdonot.13.MymainreasonforsubscribingtoNew

Scientististokeepthe____________(步伐；节奏)ofadvancesinscience.dismissedlabourfetchedwhereaspace三、拓展单词——通其变1.weekn.星期→____________adj.每周的

n.周刊2.calculatevt.计算；核算；预测→____________n.计算；预测→____________n.计算器3.declarevt.表明；宣称；公布→____________n.公告；宣言4.urgen.强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→____________adj.紧急的；紧迫的；催促的；急切的→____________n.紧迫；急迫；急事；紧要5.explodevi.&vt.爆炸；爆破

vi.(感情的)爆发→____________n.爆炸；爆破(声)weeklycalculationcalculatordeclarationurgenturgencyexplosion■利用语境串记单词6.Ifeel____________aboutthesillymistakeImadeyesterdayandnowordscanexpressmy____________.(guilt)7.Thereissomuch____________onthe________roadthatyouhavetowalkonitwithcaution.(mud)8.Beforethediscussion，theboysandthegirlshavebeen____________andthe____________isusefulfortheirstudy.(divide)9.Tomhasbeen____________aschairmanoftheStudents’AssociationandIwillwritealettertocongratulatehimonhis____________.(appoint)guiltyguiltmudmuddydivideddivisionappointedappointmentⅡ.短语填空1.________________检验；测试2.________________更像是；更接近3.________________根据；以……的方式(基准)4.________________事物的利与弊；支持与反对5.________________比……更好；更胜一筹6.________________占上风；取而代之；接管；接手7.________________与……冲突或抵触8.________________关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是9.________________(逐渐)减少；消失10.________________有强烈的欲望做某事testoutmorelikeona...basisprosandconssuperiortotakeoverconflictwithturnoutfallawayhaveanurgeto■根据语境选词填空11.Itisnecessarythatweweighthe________________ofincludingEnglishwordsinChinesedictionaries.12.He________________tobeguiltyofhismeanwordsandtearsofregretblurredhiseyes.13.Theviewfromthepeakofthemountainwaswonderfulandourtiredness________________.14.Helenwaschosenforthejobbecauseshewas________________anyothercandidate.15.IholdthefirmbeliefthatMarywastheidealpersonto________________thejob.prosandconsturnedoutfellawaysuperiortotakeoverⅢ.句式仿写1.句型公式：全部倒装这座城市的西面有一座古庙，里面完好保存着许多古籍。___________________________________________________________________inwhichmanyancientbooksarewellpreserved.Tothewestofthecitystandsanoldtemple2.句型公式：more...than...当她的小儿子再次对她说谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。Shewas____________________________________________________________whenherlittlesonliedtoheragain.moresadthanangry3.句式解读：修辞之明喻它在温柔低语，就像一个小女孩对她的母亲私语一样。Itmurmuredinasoftvoice___________________________________________.likealittlegirlwhisperingtohermother1.guiltyadj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guiltn.内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行

【佳句背诵】

IfeltguiltyformyconflictwithmydearfriendandImustapologizetohim.为和亲爱的朋友之间的冲突感到内疚，我必须向他道歉。【以练促学】补全句子①“ButIhavecheatedmygrandmother，”shesaid，_____________________________________.(独立主格结构；愧疚心理描写)她说：“可是我已经欺骗了我奶奶，”脸颊上流下了内疚的泪水。

Part1核心要点突破tearsofguiltflowingdownhercheeks②_________________________________________________________________andpromisedthiswouldneverhappenagain.出于愧疚，我向我的老师解释，并保证这种事情不会再发生。【用法归纳】

Outofguilt，Iexplainedtomyteacher·beguiltyof犯有……罪be/feelguiltyfor/at/about...对/为……感到内疚/有愧·outofguilt出于愧疚

2.declarevt.表明；宣称；公布→declarationn.公告；宣言【佳句背诵】

WhentheteacherdeclaredmetobethewinneroftheEnglishSpeechContest，Iwassurprisedandpleased.(高兴心理描写)当老师宣布我是这次英语演讲比赛的获胜者时，我又惊又喜。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①InSeptember1939，Britaindeclaredwar____________GermanyafterGermanyinvadedPoland.②Alltheresidentsdeclared____________garbage-sortinginneweffortstobetterprotecttheenvironment.onfor③____________________________________________________________，allthestudentsinourschoolburstintocheers.(告知信，2020·天津7月卷)仪式一宣布开始，我校全体学生就欢呼起来。【用法归纳】

Theinstanttheceremonywasdeclaredopendeclaresb/sthtobe...宣布某人或某事是……declarefor/against...声明赞成/反对……declarewar(on...)(向……)宣战declare...open/closed宣布……开始/结束

3.pacen.速度；步伐；节奏vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏；来回踱步；走来走去【佳句背诵】

Studyatyourownpaceandneverloseheart，andyouwillmakeprogressintime.(建议信)按照自己的进度学习，不要灰心，你迟早会取得进步的。【以练促学】补全句子①______________________________________________，Icompletelygaveupmyidlewaysanddevotedmyselfintheproject.(2022·浙江1月卷)为了跟上他的步伐，我彻底放弃了闲散的生活方式，全身心投入到项目中。②_______________________________________________________________，andthenwandereddowntothegateandback.(动作描写)她在厨房踱来踱去，然后遛达到大门口又回来。

TokeepupwithhispaceShepacedupanddowninthekitchen【用法归纳】

·ata(n)...pace以……的速度paceoflife生活节奏keeppacewithsb/sth与某人/某物并驾齐驱keepupwithone’space跟上某人的步伐·paceupanddown来回踱步

4.urgen.强烈的欲望；冲动

vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgentadj.紧急的；紧迫的；催促的；急切的【佳句背诵】

Iwasembarrassed，butIfoughttheurgetorunoffthestage.我感到很尴尬，但我抑制了想跑下台的冲动。(情感描写)【以练促学】单句语法填空/一句多译①____________(urge)tojoinsportsteams，theboytookadvantageofthechanceandbecameaplayer.②Hisgoingtostayinhospitalforthreemonthsurgedme________(visit)himimmediately.(2022·浙江1月卷)Urgedtovisit③家长应该积极督促孩子利用这个机会参加户外活动。→Parentsshouldactively_____________________________________________________________________________________________________.(urgesbtodosth)→Parentsshouldactively_____________________________________________________________________________________________________.(urgethat...) urgetheirchildrentotakeadvantageoftheopportunitytoparticipateinoutdooractivities

【用法归纳】

·have/feelanurgetodosth有强烈的欲望做某事·urgesbtodosth催促某人做某事urgethat...(should)dosth极力主张/强调……做某事Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth极力主张/强调……做某事

urgethattheirchildren(should)takeadvantageoftheopportunitytoparticipateinoutdooractivities5.turnout关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是【佳句背诵】

Bernard’sbusinessturnedouttobesuccessfulwithsomanypeopleenjoyinghispopcorn.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)伯纳德的生意很成功，很多人都喜欢吃他的爆米花。【以练促学】用turn短语填空/补全句子①Allthecandidatesmust____________theapplicationformsandrelevantmaterialsbeforethedeadline.②Youhadbetter____________punctuallyorafewminutesearlierthantheappointedtime.③Keepinmindthatyoumust____________thelampinyourroomwhenyouleave.turninturnupturnout④___________________________________________________________________gavememorepleasure.(读后续写之主旨升华)事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。turndown拒绝；关小；调低turnin上交turnover翻身；移交；转变turnto求助于；转向turnup出现；调高Itturnsoutthathelpingothersrealizetheirdreams【用法归纳】

6.句型公式：more...than...与其说……倒不如说……【教材原句】

Heseemedmorelikeahumanthanamachine.他看着不太像机器，而更像一个真人。【佳句背诵】

ImadesuchgreatprogressinEnglishthatmyteacherpraisedme，sayingthatIwasmorediligentthanclever.我在英语上取得了如此大的进步，以至于我的老师表扬了我，说我与其说是聪明倒不如说是勤奋。【以练促学】猜测词义/完成语段①Thechairwomanismorethanourleader；sheisalsoourfriend.____________②_____________________________________________________(我会非常高兴)ifyoucouldcomeandjoininmybirthdaypartyat7pmnextFridayatmyhome.______________________________________________________(将会有十几个朋友)presentattheparty._________________________________________(派对不仅仅是为了好玩)；itisalsoformutualcommunication.Sopleaseacceptmysincereinvitation.(邀请信)不仅仅是IwouldbemorethandelightedTherewillbemorethantenfriendsThepartyismorethanforfun

【用法归纳】

morethan＋数词，表示“超过；不止”，相当于over。morethan＋名词，意为“不只是；不仅仅……”，相当于notonly。morethan＋形容词/副词，意为“非常，很”，相当于very。7.句型公式：全部倒装【教材原句】

Assheturnedaround，therestoodGladysClaffern.她转过身来，格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里。【佳句背诵】

Thencamealecturecenteredonbasicknowledgeoftheuniversallanguage—music.然后是一场关于通用语言——音乐的基础知识的讲座。【以练促学】补全句子①___________________________________________________________________，forwhichmyhometownisfamousthroughoutthecountry.那里矗立着一座古塔，我的家乡因此而闻名全国。②___________________________________________________________________，weakandworried.(2022·浙江1月卷)我的同桌躺在床上，既虚弱又忧心忡忡。③___________________________________________________________________surroundedbyapileofbooks.地板上坐着一个男孩，他身边堆着一堆书。TherestandsanancienttowerLyingonthebedwasmydeskmateOnthefloorsataboy【用法归纳】

·out，in，into，down，up，away，here，now，then，there等表示方位和时间的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子要全部倒装。·当表示方位的介词短语、形容词、分词位于句首时，句子要全部倒装。

维度一

语境运用练——单句语法填空1.Deepinsorrow，themanwonderedhow________(fetch)help，____________(pace)upanddownintheroomnervously.2.Heperformedperfectlyinthespeechcontestandan____________(explode)ofapplausecameoutoftheaudience.3.Asasciencestudent，Ineverfeltanurge__________________(appreciate)anyliteraryworks.4.Hepickedupahandkerchief____________randomandhandedittothisinnocentgirltowipehertears.Part2基础达标检测tofetchpacingexplosiontoappreciateat5.Salesmenandsaleswomenareadvisedtohaveamedicalexamination____________aregularbasis，whichishelpfultotheirhealth.6.Firstofall，itislearningmoreaboutthehistoryofChinesemoderndramainadvance____________isofgreatimportance.7.Ifeel____________(guilt)forteasingtheinnocentchildwhofelloveronthe__________(mud)track.8.Theboyoftenconflicts____________otherstudents，whichmakeshisparentsangry.onthatguiltymuddywith维度二

语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思vi.(感情的)爆发①Hissonliedtohimbydesignandheexplodedwithanger.______________②Shecalculatedthatgoingtoastranger’shousewasariskymove，butshedecidedtotakethechance.____________③Themanmovedforward，inchingtowardstheexit.____________vt.预测vi.谨慎移动2.选出dismiss的汉语意思①Theclasswasdismissedearlytoday.______②Hewasdismissedfromhisjobforinactionandincompetence.______③Igentlypattedhimontheshouldertodismisshisfearsfromhismind.______BCA维度三

写作提能练——补全句子/翻译句子/句式升级1.___________________________________________________________________tokeepfitandenergetic.(倡议书)

坚决要求我们学生经常锻炼以保持身体健康和精力充沛。2.Whenheheardustalkingaboutthecolorfullife，_____________________________________________________.(比喻修辞)

当他听我们谈论丰富多彩的生活时，他脸上的笑容如钻石一样闪闪发光。3.从山谷中传来美妙的歌声。(倒装) __________________________________________________________________Itisurgedthatwestudents(should)takeregularexercisethesmileonhisfaceshonelikeadiamondFromthevalleycamethebeautifulsong.4.AsfarasI’mconcerned，theconcernfromtheteachersandclassmateshaschangedhimentirely. →AsfarasI’mconcerned，__________________________________________ _______________________________haschangedhimentirely.(强调句型)5.Tomastertwoforeignlanguagesisnecessaryfortheyoung. →_________________________________________________________________twoforeignlanguages.(it作形式主语) it’stheconcernfromtheteachersandclassmatesthatIt’snecessaryfortheyoungtomaster练一应用文写作运用(建议信——参加中国戏剧知识竞赛)双写培优练1.利用本单元所学知识翻译句子①得知你有强烈的欲望参加中国戏剧知识竞赛，我非常高兴。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②这是我的关于如何为之准备的建议。(全部倒装)___________________________________________________________________I’mmorethangladtolearnthatyouhaveanurgetotakepartintheChinesedramaknowledgecompetition.Herearemytipsonhowtoprepareforit.③提前多了解一些中国现代戏剧证明是非常有益的。(动名词短语作主语)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________④你对戏剧的深刻理解取决于你是否经常地和其他参