【新教材】人教版（2024）七年级上册英语Unit 2 语法讲义（含练习题及答案）

第第页【新教材】人教版（2024）七年级上册英语Unit2语法讲义Unit2·一般现在时（实义动词）与名词所有格语法精讲·随堂练·综合检测学习目标目标一：梳理和归纳含有实义动词的一般现在时的句式结构、表意功能和用法。目标二：在语境中根据不同人称选择正确的动词形式，掌握主谓一致原则，并能运用一般现在时询问和描述与家人相关的信息。目标三：正确运用名词所有格（’s）表达物品与人物之间的所属关系。一一般现在时（实义动词）1.什么是一般现在时？一般现在时表示经常发生的动作、习惯性的行为或客观事实。经常发生的动作：Iplaytenniseveryday.习惯性的行为：Myfatherreadsnewspapersinthemorning.客观事实：Shehaslongbrownhair.标志词：always/usually/often/sometimes/never/everyday/everyweek/onSundays等。2.实义动词的第三人称单数形式（动词+s/es）当主语是he/she/it或单数名词时，实义动词要用第三人称单数形式。变化规则例词一般情况+splay→plays

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like→likes

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talk→talks以s/x/sh/ch/o结尾+eswash→washes

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watch→watches

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do→does

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go→goes辅音字母+y结尾→iesstudy→studies

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fly→flies

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carry→carrieshave→hasIhave/Hehas破解点：先找主语！如果是he/she/it/单数名词→动词要变成三单形式；如果是I/you/we/they/复数名词→动词用原形。3.一般现在时的句型结构（1）肯定句主语+动词（原形/三单）+其他.Iplaytenniseveryday.Sheplaysthepianoverywell.Theyhavesomeniceping-pongbats.Hehasafishingrod.（2）否定句主语+do/does+not+动词原形+其他.Idonot(don't)playthepiano.Shedoesnot(doesn't)playthepiano.Theydon'thaveanypets.Hedoesn'thaveafishingrod.破解点：否定句中，用了do/does之后，动词必须用原形！

✅Shedoesn'tplaytennis.

❌Shedoesn'tplaystennis.（3）一般疑问句Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他？Doyouplaythepiano?→Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.Doesyourfatherspendalotoftimefishing?→Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.破解点：疑问句中的动词必须用原形！

✅Doesshelikemusic?

❌Doesshelikesmusic?（4）特殊疑问句疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+其他？WhatdoyoudoonSundays?Whosepianoisthis?（be动词的疑问句）Wheredoesyourfatherwork?4.教材3a精讲观察句子，总结规律：TengFeiandhisgrandpaplayping-pongeveryweek.→复数主语（TengFeiandhisgrandpa），动词用play（原形）。TengFei'sgrandpalovessport.→单数主语（grandpa），动词用loves（三单）。Theyhavesomeniceping-pongbats.→复数主语（They），动词用have（原形）。TengFei'sfatherhasafishingrod.→单数主语（father），动词用has（三单）。Doyouplaythepiano?→疑问句，主语you，助动词do，动词用play（原形）。Doesyourfatherspendalotoftimefishing?→疑问句，主语father（单数），助动词does，动词用spend（原形）。核心规律：主语是I/you/we/they/复数名词→动词用原形。主语是he/she/it/单数名词→动词加s/es（三单）。疑问句和否定句中，用do/does助动词，动词必须用原形！练习一·写出动词的第三人称单数形式1.play→

2.have→

3.do→

4.go→

5.like→

6.watch→

7.study→

8.talk→

9.make→

10.read→

练习二·用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Mysister_______________(like)musicverymuch.2.They_______________(play)footballeverySunday.3.Tom_______________(have)anewbicycle.4.We_______________(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.5.She_______________(watch)TVintheevening.6.I_______________(read)bookseveryday.7.Myparents_______________(work)inahospital.8.He_______________(study)Englishveryhard.9.They_______________(have)abighouse.10.Thecat_______________(like)fish.练习三·句型转换1.Sheplaysthepianoeveryday.（改为否定句）

________________________________________________2.Theyhaveapetdog.（改为一般疑问句）

________________________________________________3.Myfatherlikesfishing.（对划线部分提问）

________________________________________________4.Doyouplaytennis?（作肯定回答和否定回答）

肯定回答：

_____________

否定回答：

_____________5.Doesyourmotherlikemusic?（作肯定回答和否定回答）

肯定回答：

_____________

否定回答：

_____________

二名词所有格（’s）1.什么是名词所有格？名词所有格表示“……的”，用来表达物品与人物之间的所属关系。2.名词所有格的变化规则情况规则例词单数名词+'sKate→Kate'scat

TengFei→TengFei'sschoolbag以s结尾的复数名词+'parents→parents'caps

brothers→brothers'balls不以s结尾的复数名词+'schildren→children'stoys

men→men'sshoes两人共有时只在最后加'sPeterandEmma→PeterandEmma'sclassroom两人各自有时分别加'sLucy'sandLily'srooms（露西和莉莉各自的房间）破解点：看名词是单数还是复数，单数加's，复数以s结尾只加'。如果是共同拥有，只在最后一个名词加's。3.教材3b精讲用括号中单词的正确所有格形式填空：Thisis______(Kate)cat.→Kate是单数名词→Kate'sThisis______(PeterandEmma)classroom.→两人共有→PeterandEmma'sThesearemylittle______(brothers)balls.→brothers是复数以s结尾→brothers'They'remy______(grandparents)caps.→grandparents是复数以s结尾→grandparents'It's______(TengFei)schoolbag.→TengFei是单数→TengFei's破解点：先判断名词是单数还是复数，单数加's，复数以s结尾只加'。练习四·用括号中单词的正确所有格形式填空1.Thisis_______________(Lucy)pen.2.Thesearemy_______________(parents)hats.3.Thisis_______________(TomandJerry)room.4.It's_______________(MrWang)car.5.Theyare_______________(children)toys.6.Thisis_______________(MaryandLinda)classroom.（两人共用）7.Thosearemy_______________(friends)bags.8.It's_______________(mysister)favouritebook.三教材3c精讲短文填空·用所给动词的正确形式填空原文填空：Ihaveabrotherandasister.Mybrotheristall,andhehasshorthair.Heisreallyfunny,andheoftenmakesuslaugh.Mysisterlooksverydifferent.Sheisshort,andshehaslongbrownhair.Sheisaquietgirl.Shereallylikesreading.I'mnottallorshort.Idon'tplayorreadmuch.ButIplaytheviolinreallywell.Ialsolikeplayingtennis.Wearealldifferent,butwehavealotoffuntogether.破解点：he→三单，动词用has（不是have）heoftenmakes→三单，make变makesmysister→三单，look变looks，like变likesIdon'tplay→否定句中，助动词do后接原形Weare→be动词用are（复数主语）练习五·用所给动词的正确形式填空MynameisLiMing.I_______________(have)ahappyfamily.Myfather_______________(work)inaschool.He_______________(teach)English.Mymother_______________(be)anurse.She_______________(like)herjobverymuch.I_______________(have)asister.She_______________(be)10yearsold.She_______________(go)toschooleveryday.We_______________(love)ourfamily.四易错点与重难点易错点一：主语是第三人称单数时，忘记给动词加s/es。❌Heplaytennis.

✅Heplaystennis.易错点二：疑问句和否定句中，用了do/does后，动词没有变回原形。❌Doesshelikesmusic?

✅Doesshelikemusic?易错点三：have和has混淆。I/you/we/they用have，he/she/it用has。易错点四：名词所有格中，复数以s结尾只加'，不加's。❌parents's

✅parents'易错点五：两人共有时，只在最后加's。✅PeterandEmma'sclassroom（两人共用一个教室）易错点六：be动词（am/is/are）与实义动词混淆。一般现在时中，要么用be动词，要么用实义动词，不能同时使用。❌Sheislikesmusic.

✅Shelikesmusic.练习六·改错（找出错误并改正）1.Sheplaytenniseveryday.→

______________________________________2.Doesyourfatherlikesfishing?→

___________________________________

3.Mysisterhaveacat.→______________________________________

4.Thisismyparents'scar.→______________________________________

5.Sheislikereadingverymuch.→___________________________________

6.TomandJerry'saregoodfriends.→_________________________________

五语法图表总结（必背）一般现在时（实义动词）结构总表句型结构例句肯定句主语+动词（原形/三单）+其他Sheplaystennis./Theyplaytennis.否定句主语+don't/doesn't+动词原形+其他Shedoesn'tplaytennis.一般疑问句Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他？Doessheplaytennis?特殊疑问句疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+其他？Whatdoessheplay?第三人称单数动词变化规则规则例词一般情况+splay→plays

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like→likes

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talk→talks以s/x/sh/ch/o结尾+eswash→washes

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watch→watches

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do→does

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go→goes辅音字母+y结尾→iesstudy→studies

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fly→flieshave→hasIhave/Hehas名词所有格变化规则情况规则例词单数名词+'sKate'scat复数以s结尾+'parents'caps复数不以s结尾+'schildren'stoys两人共有最后加'sPeterandEmma'sclassroom六综合检测（全题型）一、单项选择题1.Mysister_______________musicverymuch. A.like B.likes C.islike D.arelike2.They_______________footballeverySunday. A.play B.plays C.areplay D.playing3._______________yourfather_______________fishing? A.Do/like B.Does/likes C.Does/like D.Do/likes4.Thisis_______________schoolbag. A.Tom B.Toms C.Tom's D.Toms'5.He_______________anewbicycle. A.have B.has C.is D.are6.Thesearemy_______________hats. A.parents B.parents' C.parent's D.parents's7.She_______________reading,butshedoesn't_______________writing. A.like/like B.likes/likes C.likes/like D.like/likes8._______________you_______________thepiano? A.Do/play B.Does/play C.Do/plays D.Does/plays9.Thisis_______________classroom.Theyshareit.（两人共用） A.LucyandLily's B.Lucy'sandLily's C.LucyandLily D.Lucy'sandLily10.Mybrother_______________shorthair. A.have B.has C.is D.are二、用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Myfather_______________(work)inahospital.2.She_______________(have)longbrownhair.3.They_______________(play)tenniseveryweekend.4.He_______________(study)Englishveryhard.5.We_______________(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.6.Mysister_______________(like)readingbooks.7.Thecat_______________(eat)fisheveryday.8.I_______________(have)apetdog.9.They_______________(watch)TVintheevening.10.She_______________(do)herhomeworkeveryday.三、用括号中单词的正确所有格形式填空1.Thisis_______________(Kate)cat.2.Theseare_______________(TomandJerry)toys.3.It's_______________(mymother)favouritedress.4.Theyare_______________(students)desks.5.Thisis_______________(MrLi)car.6.Thesearemy_______________(brothers)balls.7.It's_______________(TengFei)schoolbag.8.Thisis_______________(LucyandLily)room.（两人共用）四、句型转换1.Shelikesmusic.（改为否定句）

________________________________2.Theyhaveapetdog.（改为一般疑问句）

________________________________3.Myfatherplaystenniseveryday.（对划线部分提问）

________________________________4.Doesyourmotherlikereading?（作肯定回答和否定回答）

肯定回答：________________

否定回答：________________

5.Thisismymother'scap.（对划线部分提问）

________________________________五、短文填空Ihaveahappyfamily.Myfather

________(work)inaschool.He________

(teach)English.He

________

(like)hisjob.Mymother

________(be)anurse.She________(work)inahospital.She

________(go)toworkeveryday.I

_______(have)asister.She

________(be)10yearsold.She________

(like)reading.We________

(love)ourfamilyverymuch.六、改错题1.Sheplaythepianoverywell.→__________________________2.Doesyourfatherlikesfishing?→

__________________________3.Mysisterhaveacat.→

__________________________4.Thisismyparents'scar.→

__________________________5.Sheislikereadingverymuch.→

__________________________七、选词填空从方框中选择正确的词填空（注意动词形式变化）。have/like/play/read/make/talk/lookIhaveabrotherandasister.Mybrotheristall,andhe________

shorthair.Heisreallyfunny,andheoften

________

uslaugh.Mysister

________

verydifferent.Sheisshort,andshehaslongbrownhair.Shereally________

reading.Idon't________

orreadmuch.ButI________

theviolinreallywell.We________

alldifferent,butwehavealotoffun.七课后自我检测清单☑我能说出一般现在时的用法（经常发生的动作、习惯、客观事实）。☑我能根据主语正确使用动词原形或第三人称单数形式。☑我能正确运用do/does构成否定句和疑问句。☑我能正确使用名词所有格（’s）表达所属关系。☑我能用一般现在时询问和描述与家人相关的信息。☑我能区分have和has的用法。参考答案练习一：1.plays2.has3.does4.goes5.likes6.watches7.studies8.talks9.makes10.reads练习二：1.likes2.play3.has4.go5.watches6.read7.work8.studies9.have10.likes练习三：1.Shedoesn'tplaythepianoeveryday.2.Dotheyhaveapetdog?3.Whatdoesyourfatherlike?4.肯定回答：Yes,Ido.否