【维克多英语】2025高考英语真题解析【全国一卷】

12025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国一卷）语篇导航语篇话题体裁难度人与自然：交通领域的碳排放情况以及应对方说明文328+64=392人与自我：一位写作教师的教学认知突破之旅记叙文295+85=380人与社会：汽车主导的城市规划vs行人友好的生活空间诉求议论文315+113=428人与自然：微塑料污染及应对方法说明文318+115=433人与社会：热爱事业的咖啡馆员工记叙文249+78=327完形填空记叙文243语法填空人与社会：围棋主题艺说明文239书面表达人与自我：英语报栏目选择应用文读后续写人与自我：家庭聚会中与兄弟产生嫌隙记叙文3132试题解读第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThegreeningofplanes,trainsandautomobilesMovinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsibleforalargepartofglobalCO2emissions(排放).Astheworldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfacesparticularproblemswithtransportation–whichaccountsforaboutaquarterofourenergy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here’sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018fordifferentmodesoftransport.AIRPLANESThefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandpowerful,butalsolightweightandsafeenoughtobecarriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasitsspecificfuelneeds.Muchisstilltobesettled,butherearesomeofthesolutionstogetusgoinggreen.3CARS–CARS–BatteriesBatteriesareenergy-efficientandelectriccarscanplugintoexistingsystemsandservices.Newsolid-statebatterieswilltakeacarfartheronasinglechange.PLANES–SynthetichydrocarbonsThehardestsectortodecarbonizeisaviation.Onelong-termoptionforsustainablefuelforplanesistomakehydrocarbonsfromrecycledair./FUTUREFUELSTRAINS–TRAINS–ElectricityTRUCKS–HydrogenSHIPS–LiquidSometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.fuelcellsHydrogenfuelcellsarealighterchoicethanbatteriesfortrucks,butmakinggreenhydrogenisexpensive.ammoniaLiquidammoniaiseasytokeepandtransport,butitishardtoignite(点燃)andrequiresanengineredesign.Thisenergytransition(变革)isglobal,andtheamountofrenewableenergytheworldwillneedis“alittlebitmind-blowing,”saysmechanicalengineerKeithWipkeattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.It’sestimatedthattheglobaldemandforelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessuggestthatrenewablesareuptothetask.“Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwillallgetused,”saysWipke.21.Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin2018?A.11.6%.B.45.1%.C.74.5%.D.86.1%.422.Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily?A.Planes.B.Trucks.C.Trains.D.Ships.23.WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergytransition?A.Limitingfuelconsumption.B.Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.C.Improvingenergyefficiency.D.Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.语篇解读关键词greening,emissions,decarbonize,transportation,energytransition,renewableenergy主旨概要本文是一篇说明文，文章以“交通领域的绿色化”为核心，客观介绍了全球交通碳排放的现状，不同交通方式的解决方案以及能源变革中我们应该努力的方向。原文出处美国非营利出版物：百科知识合成碳氢化合物（synthetichydrocarbon）指通过人工化学方法，将一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氢气等简单原料转化为由碳和氢组成的有机化合物。这类技术通常用于替代传统石油资源，实现能源或化工原料的可持续生产。氢燃料电池（hydrogenfuelcell）是一种通过电化学反应将氢气和氧气的化学能直接转化为电能的装置，过程中仅排放水，无污染，是清洁能源技术的重要发展方向之一。5液氨（liquidammonia）是氨气在低温或高压下液化形成的无色液体，具有强烈刺激性气味，是一种重要的化工原料和新兴的清洁能源载体。语言知识重难点词greeningn绿色转型（green+-ingdecarbonizev脱碳（de-+carbonizegreenhousegasn温室气体（尤指二氧化碳breakdownn[熟词生义]明细（break+downmoden方式；specificadj特定的；settlev[熟词生义]解决（争端、分歧等sectorn领域/行业；aviationn航空工业；sustainableadj可持续的（sustain+-ablerecycledadj回收的（recycle+-edenergy-efficientadj节能的（energy+efficientsolid-stateadj固态的（solid+stateelectrifyv使电气化（electric+-fyredesignn重新设计（re-+designmind-blowingadj非常令人吃惊的（mind+blow+-inganalysisn分析重难点词块beresponsiblefor对……负责；accountfor（数量、比例上）占；plug(sth)intosth（将某物）与某物接通；renewableenergy可再生能源；Itisestimated(that)...据估计……；upto达到（某个标准speedup（使）加快速度答案与解析21.C事实细节题根据第一个图表可知，ROADVEHICLES包括ROAD(PASSENGER)和ROAD(GOODS)两部分，它们在2018年全球交通领域的温室气体排放总量中的比重分别是45.1%和29.4%，相加即为ROAD6VEHICLES的比重74.5%。hydrocarbons部分，航空领域脱碳困难；TRUCKS–Hydrogenfuelcells部分，生产绿色氢气造价很高；TRAINS–Electricity部分，目前部分火车已经实现了电气化，其他火车也可以通过相对简单的方式实现电气化；SHIPS–Liquidammonia部分，液氨则不容易点燃，而且需要重新设计发动机。因此综合对比，C项正确。23.B事实细节题根据关键词Wipke定位到文章最后一段，再根据末句Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy...可知，Wipke建议加速绿色能源的开发与利用，即加大对可再生能源的投入。BInmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.7Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(体裁)andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance–theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.24.Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?A.Ninthgraders.B.Students’parents.C.Modernwriters.D.Fictionalcharacters.25.Whydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirstessay?A.Theywerenotgivenenoughtime.B.Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.C.Theymisunderstoodthequestion.D.Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3mean?A.Mixed.B.Amazing.C.Similar.D.Disturbing.827.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?A.Teachingislearning.B.Stillwatersrundeep.C.Knowledgeispower.D.Practicemakesperfect.语篇解读关键词writing,important,persuasivepiece,connect主旨概要本文是一篇记叙文，讲述九年级写作课上，教师通过调整教学方式，让学生从最初写作表现不佳到创作出优秀作品，并领悟写作能连接人心、传递人性的意义。语言知识重难点词heartbreakn心碎；rejectv拒绝接受；subjectn描述对象；containv包含；statementn（state+-ment）陈述；necessityn必要性；persuasiveadj有说服力的；assignmentn（学生的）作业（assign+-mentworkshopn研讨会，研习班；diverseadj多种多样的；demonstratev表明；yearbookn学校年刊重难点词块straightA’s全A（满分）成绩；modern-dayJuliet现代版朱丽叶（比喻因爱情悲剧受苦的人物beinterpretedas被理解为……；inandofitself本身，本质上；strikesbas给某人留下……印象；meetthespecifications符合规范/要求；tatouchone’sheart触动某人的内心；ameansof一种……的方式；walkawaywith最终收获；putusinanother’sskin设身处地，换位思考9答案与解析24.D事实细节题根据第一段acowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfather...andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreak…、mystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople可知，这些人物是学生作品中的角色，属于虚构25.D推理判断题由theirfirstessay定位到文章第二段，根据第二段最后两句可知，学生表现不佳，问题就出在这个题目（Whyiswritingimportant上——他们本可以就电脑的必要性写上好多页，但写作本身26.B词义猜测题根据画线词下一句Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.可知，学生提交了10–20页的故事，角色拓展了“我”的视野、触动了“我”的心。由此可知，这个结果应是正向的，amazing意为“（尤指好的）惊人的”，符合语境。27.A主旨大意题首段通过学生写作案例引出写作教学，第二段分析学生第一次写作失败的原因，第三段展示调整教学策略后的显著成效，末段揭示作者认知的转变——从写作是沟通工具到写作是连接人性的桥梁。全文通过教学实践案例，印证了教学相长（Teachingislearning）的教育理念。CWhilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBrömmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.IntheirnewbookMovement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives.Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970saswell.Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveitright:it’stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.28.Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?A.Carsoftengetstuckontheroad.B.Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore.D.Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.29.WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?A.Keeptheircitieslivable.B.Promoteculturaldiversity.C.Helptheneedyfamilies.D.Makeexpresswaysaccessible.30.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970s?A.Theyboostedthesalesofcars.B.Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.C.Theywongovernmentsupport.D.Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhytheRush?B.What’sNext?C.WheretoStay?D.WhotoBlame?语篇解读关键词pedestrianmobility,arethinkofourstreets,roadnetworks主旨概要本文是一篇议论文，通过引述荷兰作者的新书《出行之道》，批评了城市街道设计过度服务汽车、忽视行人尤其是儿童出行安全的问题，呼吁人们重新思考街道的功能，建设适宜居民生活的城市环境。百科知识简·雅各布斯（JaneJacobs）是20世纪最具影响力的城市规划思想家之一。她提倡以人为本的城市设计，反对以汽车为中心的城市重建，主张保护社区的活力和街道的多样原文出处语言知识重难点词declinen下降；botherv使担忧；destroyv摧毁；destructionn破坏；alarmn惊恐；championv捍卫；decentadj宜居的；motorcarn汽车；recognisev意识重难点词块packsbintosth在（有限空间里）塞进（大量的人takeback夺回；callfor（公开）要求；makewayfor给……sbtodosth呼吁某人做某事；rushthrough快速通过；accountfor考虑到合成词、派improvementn改善（improve+-mentmobilityn流动（性mobile+-itytransformv使改变（trans-+formrethinkn重新考虑（re-+thinkjournalistn新闻记者（journal+-istproposedadj提议的（propose+-dreplacementn取代（replace+-mentexpresswayn高速公路（express+waywidespreadadj广泛的（wide+spreadmajorityn大多数（major+-ityredesignv重新设计（re-+designownershipn所有权（owner+-ship）长难句分析IntheirnewbookMovement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives.句意为：在他们的新书《出行之道：如何夺回我们的街道并改变我们的生活》中，作者呼吁重新审视街道及其在我们生活中扮演的角色。本句主干是theycallforarethink；ofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives是介词短语作后置定语修饰rethink，其中theyplayinourlives是省略that/which的定语从句，修饰role。答案与解析28.C事实细节题根据第一段中declinesinpedestrianmobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren、toomuchtrafficontheroads、theypackthemintothecarinstead可知，街道上的车流量很大，步行的人数少了，家长因为担心孩子上学时的出行安全，只得选择开车接送孩子。所以本段描述的是人们放弃步行，选择开车的现象。29.A事实细节题第三段先呈现了城市街道规划的现状：社区为道路交通网让步。接着引出了加拿大记者JaneJacobs对此现象的抗议。根据JaneJacobs的行为calledonhermayortochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”可知，她反对修建高速公路是为了让城市变得宜居，livable是adecentplacetolive的同义替换。30.B推理判断题第三段最后一句指出，20世纪60和70年代澳大利亚也发生了抗议“城市规划优先道路而牺牲社区”的活动。第四段描述了尽管这些抗议活动的范围广泛，但根据themajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar、Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly、thehighestrateofcarownership可知，西方国家城市规划仍关注汽车出行的需求，尤其是澳大利亚汽车数量多，由此可以推断城市规划仍以道路为中心，故这些抗议收效甚微。31.A主旨大意题首段引出当今的交通现象，行人少了，汽车多了，引出速度快但安全堪忧的汽车出行方式。第二段提出两位作家对这种现象的思考。第三、四段介绍反对“因修建道路而牺牲社区”的抗议活动及其结果——城市规划仍以汽车的需求为中心，追求快速的出行方式。最后一段呼应第一段做出总结，不能因为追求速度而放弃安全，应重新思考街道的意义。所以，文章整体在批判城市规划中过度追求快速的交通而忽略安全、宜居的生活环境，A项WhytheRush？以反问形式点明主旨。DMicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth–theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.Now,newresearchsuggeststhatasimple,cheapmeasuremaysignificantlyreducethelevelofmicroplasticsinwaterfromyourtap(水龙头):boilingandfiltering(过滤)it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&TechnologyLetters,researchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutes–thenfilteringitafteritcools–couldremoveatleast80percentofitsmicroplastics.Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)totraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butinsampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent.Additionally,theresearchdidn’tincludealltypesofplastics.Theteamfocusedonlyonthreecommontypes–polystyrene,polyethyleneandpolypropylene–andtheydidn’tstudyotherchemicalspreviouslyfoundinwatersuchasvinylchloride.Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure–ataskthat’sbecomingincreasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplasticsare–butwhattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns.Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwatercouldbeatooltolimitintake.“Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice,”CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineerattheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”32.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?A.Byquotinganexpert.B.Bydefiningaconcept.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byprovidingstatistics.33.Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater?A.Thehardnessofwater.B.Thelengthofcoolingtime.C.Thefrequencyoffiltering.D.Thetypeofplasticinwater.34.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagraph4?A.Theimportanceofplasticrecycling.B.Theseverityofthemicroplasticproblem.C.Thedangerinoverusingpurewater.D.Thedifficultyintreatingpollutedwater.35.WhatisGauchotte-Lindsay’ssuggestionabout?A.Choiceofnewresearchmethods.B.Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.C.Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers.D.Potentialapplicationofthefindings.语篇解读关键词microplastics,tapwater,boiling,filtering主旨概要本文是一篇说明文，介绍了微塑料污染的普遍性及其对人类健康的潜在威胁，并提出了一种简单且经济的方法——煮沸和过滤自来水——来减少饮用水中的微塑料含量。研究还指出，水的硬度（碳酸钙含量）是影响该方法效果的关键因素。文章强调微塑料污染问题的严峻性，并呼吁进一步升级饮用水处理厂，以应对微塑料污染问题。百科知识原文出处本文选自Smithsonianmagazine杂志2024年3月1日名为BoilingTapWaterCouldHelpRemove80PercentofItsMicroplastics,StudySuggests的文章。语言知识重难点词microplasticn微塑料（micro-+plasticstickv卡住，吸收；dropn下降；additionallyadv除此之外，此外；previouslyadv以前，先前；stilladv虽然如此；exposuren接触；originallyadv起初，原来；intaken吸入量，摄入量（in+takedemonstratev展示；升级（up+gradequotev引用，引述；hardnessn硬v过度使用（over-+use）重难点词块settlein在……安顿下来；volcanicrock火山岩；relyon瓶装水；raiseconcernsabout/over/forsth提出对某事的担忧；lookinto调查，研究；purewater纯净水答案与解析32.C推理判断题根据第一段中的...theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow...evenappearinginsidehumans.可知，第一段通过列举微塑料出现在深海、喜马拉雅山、火山岩、海鸟胃、南极雪中，甚至人体中的例子，说明其污染的普遍性和严重性，因此C项正33.A事实细节题根据第三段中的...boilinghardwatercontaining...analmost90percentdropinplastics...boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent.可知，煮沸硬水（含300毫克碳酸钙）可减少近90%的微塑料，而煮沸低碳酸钙含量的水仅减少25%的微塑料。由此可知，水的硬度（即碳酸钙含量）直接决定去除微塑料的有效性，因此A项正确。34.B推理判断题根据第四段最后一句Evenbottledwater...contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.可知，作者提到瓶装水，旨在强调微塑料污染的严重性，因此B项正确。35.D推理判断题最后一段中CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay提到，通过煮沸水去除微塑料的方法非常好，随后提到Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.可知，Gauchotte-Lindsay建议升级饮用水处理厂以去除微塑料，这是这项发现的潜在应用，是将研究发现用于解决实际问题，因此D项正确。B项为易错选项，furtherstudy是研究层面，而对饮用水处理厂进行升级是一种落地的举措，故B项错误。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AnUnsungHeroNeedabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore.36CatherineMurphy,acafeworkerinagreenshirtandblackhat,makessurethateachcustomergetsexactlywhattheyorder.Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks.37Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn’tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime.38“IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeorthestudents.Iknowtheyneeditinthemorning,”Murphysaid.Beingamotherandwifehashelpedherbecomethewomansheis.Shebelievessheisheretoserve.OnethingMurphymaynotknowisthathersmileiscontagious(有感染力)andcanbethedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehavingbeforeseeingher.JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek.39“Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.“Ienjoyworkinginthecafe,”Murphysaid.40Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.A.Thecafeclosesat9pmeveryday.B.Shehastwochildrenagedeightandfour.C.Sometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.D.Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.E.Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.F.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.G.Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan’timagineworkinganywhereelse.语篇解读关键词cafeworker,genuineconversations,smile主旨概要本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位大学咖啡馆员工工作勤恳，为学生顾客竭诚服务的故事，体现劳动的价值，传递勤勉敬业的劳动教育真谛。语言知识重难点词unsungadj未被颂扬的，被埋没的；pick-me-upn提神物品；grabv抓住，拿到；linen队伍；genuineadj真诚的；politicalsciencen政治学；majorn某专业的学生重难点词块backandforth反复来回；getinthewayof妨碍；ontime准时，按时；haveahugesmileonone’sface笑容满面；inacheerfulmood心情愉悦；haveeveryintentionofdoingsth一心想做某事；callout大声呼叫，呼唤；serveup提供；startsthoff使某事开始答案与解析36.E空白处前介绍CollegeCafe除提供课间休息的场所和提神的饮品外，还有更多的东西。空白后的下一段开始描述员工CatherineMurphy的具体服务细节。由此可知，空白处应承接上文并引出下文，故E项“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑”符合语境。37.D空白处前描述Murphy在机器间穿梭制作饮品的过程，空白处后描述作饮品”和“顾客接过饮品”这两个动作，故D项“完成订单后，她会喊出杯子上顾客的名字”符合语境。38.C根据空白处前的getsupataquartertofive和gettoworkontime可知Murphy每天早起并准时上班。空白处后引用Murphy的话解释她这么做的原因。由此可知，空白处可能补充Murphy的工作细节，故C项“有时她会早早到达，以便尽早为学生们提供服务”符合语境。39.F空白处前提到学生JoannaWright经常光顾咖啡馆，空白处后引用她的话评价Murphy。由此可知，空白处应说明Wright去咖啡馆的原因，故F项“去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，并为上课做好准备”符合语境。40.G根据空白处前的Ienjoyworkinginthecafe以及下文的stayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves可知，Murphy十分热爱自己目前的工作并且打算一直留在这里。由此可知，G项“她已在这里工作了17年，不想去别的地方工作了”符合语境。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OneAugustafternoon,Isatinmykitchenstaringataglassvasethathadn’tseendaylightsincemywedding.MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouseandwewerebusy41thebelovedhomeourfamilyhadspent23yearsfillingup.Wehaddecidedonkeyitemsforthe42weweremovingtointown,donatedwhatwecould,andrentedaplaceto43oursupposedlyimportantobjects.Thatleftahousestill44withthingsthat,whilenotparticularly45,didn’tbelonginalandfill(垃圾填埋场).Itookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline,for$10.Acoupleofmessagescamein,onewantingadditional46,anotheraskingforapricecut.Asour47daydrewnear,Isettledonanewprice($0)andrepostedit.The48:“Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwon’t.”Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouseandlefthappilywiththevase. 49，Ipostedmore.Mydailypostsandthe50Ireceivedbecameapreciousrayoflightinthechaosofmyhouse.Eachexchangeprovidedachanceto51thelandfillandtopleaseanotherpersonImightnototherwisehave52.Isitinmyapartmenttoday,lovingeachofthe53thatshareoursmallspace.Itake54inknowingthat,somewherenearby,someoneis55somethingthatcouldn’tcomewithus.41.A.paintingoverB.lookingaroundC.emptyingoutD.pullingdown42.A.hotelB.officeC.cottageD.apartment43.A.storeB.displayC.sellD.repair44.A.coveredB.decoratedC.stuffedD.equipped45.A.conventionalB.valuableC.complicatedD.tolerable46.A.feesB.photosC.receiptsD.models47.A.moveB.payC.marketD.work48.A.warningB.requestC.descriptionD.reply49.A.ConfusedB.InterestedC.DisappointedD.Encouraged50.A.visitsB.reportsC.adviceD.money51.A.removeB.spareC.findD.check52.A.investigatedB.recognizedC.encounteredD.recommended53.A.giveawaysB.postsC.contributionsD.belongings54.A.joyB.partC.careD.time55.A.anticipatingB.appreciatingC.deliveringD.withdrawing语篇解读关键词vase,apartment,move,post,belongings,emptyout主旨概要本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过分享不需要的物品减少浪费，与他人建立联系，从中获得了百科知识landfill（垃圾填埋场）是指用于最终处置固体废物（主要是生活垃圾，也包括部分建筑垃圾、无害工业垃圾等）的工程化设施。它不是随意倾倒垃圾的场地，而是经过精心设计和管理的场所，旨在最大限度地减少对环境和人类健康的负面影响。原文出处选自NewJerseyMonthlyMagazine的一篇名为FreeforAll:TheJoysofGivingStuffAwayonFacebook的文章语言知识重难点词一件（物品donatev捐赠；supposedlyadv据说，一般看来（supposed+-lyparticularlyadv特别，尤其（particular+-lyadditionaladj附加的，额外的（addition+-alrepostv重新发布（帖子re-+postracev快速移动；chaosn混乱；exchangen交流，交谈；pleasev（使）高兴/满意；otherwiapartmentn公寓；cottagen乡村小屋；storev储存；decoratev装饰；stuffv塞满；equipv装备，配备；conventionaladj传统的，常规的（convention+-alvaluableadj有价值的，宝贵的（value+-ablecomplicatedadj复杂的；tolerableadj可忍受的（tolerate+-ablefeen费；receiptn收据；sparev使免遭……；investigatev调查；encounterv偶然碰到（某人）；recommendv推荐；giveawayn赠品（give+awaybelongingsn所有物，财产；anticipatev预料，预计；appreciatev欣赏，感激；deliverv递送；withdrawv撤回重难点词块stareat盯着，凝视；seedaylight(seethelightofday)拿出来，见天日；fillup装满；decideon/uponsth选定某事物；acoupleof几个；comein被收到；apricecut减价；drawnear接近，靠近；settleon决定，选定；inaninstant马上；arayoflight一缕光线；takejoyin以……为乐；paintover刷油漆覆盖；lookaround四下环顾，到处寻找；emptyout清空，腾空；pulldown拆毁长难句分析Wehaddecidedonkeyitemsfortheapartmentweweremovingtointown,donatedwhatwecould,andrentedaplacetostoreoursupposedlyimportantobjects.句意为：我们决定了要带到市区新公寓的关键物品，捐赠了能捐赠的东西，并租了一个地方存放那些我们认为重要的物品。本句含有三个并列的谓语，分别为haddecidedon、donated、rented。第一个分句中包含一个省略了that/引导的宾语从句，could后省略了本句中已出现的donate；第三个分句中的tostoreoursupposedlyimportantobjects是动词不定式作目的状语。Thatleftahousestillstuffedwiththingsthat,whilenotparticularlyvaluable,didn’tbelonginalandfill.句意为：结果房子里还是塞满着虽然不是特别有价值但也不应该扔进垃圾填埋场的东西。本句的句子主干为Thatleftahouse，stuffedwith...为动词-ed形式的形容词词组，与前面的名词构成复合宾语；whilenotparticularlyvaluable为插入语，与thatdidn’tbelonginalandfill从句一同修饰things。答案与解析41.C根据上文soldourhouse及下文donatedwhatwecould可知，作者夫妻忙于清空住了23年的家。emptying品的语境。42.D第五段中提到Isitinmyapartmenttoday，此处为原词复现，指搬到43.A根据上文rentedaplace和下文supposedlyimportantobjects可知，租地方是为了储存（store）物品。44.C根据下文withthings和语境可知，这里是描述房子里仍堆满物品的状态。stuffedwith为固定搭配，意为“塞满”，符合语境。45.B根据下文didn’tbelonginalandfill可知，这些物品虽不特别贵重（valuable但也不是完全没用的废品。valuable与“填埋”的取舍逻辑直接关联，符合语境。46.B结合上文tookapicture和posteditonline可知，作者给花瓶拍了照片并在网上发布，因此潜在买家要求提供更多物品的照片（photos）以了解细节是合理的。47.A根据上文提到的soldourhouse以及后续搬家的过程可知，此处指搬家日（moveday）临近，符合语境。48.C“Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwon’t.”是重新发帖时对物品的描述（description符合网络交易的逻辑。与下文postedmore的积极行为构成因果关系，体现交易成功的正向反馈。50.A根据上文awomanracedintomyhouse可知，作者收到的是买家的拜访（visits）。visits对应面对面交易场景，符合语境。51.Bsparethelandfil