广东深圳市龙岗区2025-2026学年第二学期高一期末质量监测英语试卷（含答案）

2025-2026学年第二学期高一期末质量监测英语试卷本试卷共8页。满分130分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项1.答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、姓名、班级填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在卡“条形码粘贴处”。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分基础知识（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）单项选择从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Thegovernmentmadea(n)____urgingcitizenstostayawayfromtheaccidentsite.A.announcementB.certificateC.apologyD.document2.Toeveryone’s____,theplanefinallylandedsafelyinthestorm.A.disappointmentB.shockC.amusementD.relief3.Thekindteacherexpressed____overhisstudent’sabsencefromschool.A.doubtB.delightC.concernD.satisfaction4.Thismedicineishighly____,foritstartsworkingwithin15minutes.A.creativeB.expensiveC.typicalD.effective5.Ifyouacceptthejoboffer,pleasereplytothisemailto____it.A.confirmB.postponeC.assumeD.reflect6.Let’sleaveearly.____,we’llgetstuckintraffic.A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Instead7.Youshouldfillintheapplicationformand____yourphototoit.A.compareB.deliverC.attachD.appoint8.Don’t____tocontactmeifyouneedanyhelp.A.attemptB.hesitateC.expectD.hate9.—Isit____foryoutotalkrightnow?—No.I’llcallyoubacklater.A.convenientB.frankC.satisfyingD.formal10.Ithoughtthemoviewouldbeboring,butitwas____quiteinteresting.A.entirelyB.originallyC.immediatelyD.actually11.Afteraverystressfulandtoughdayatwork,shechattedwithfriendsatacoffeeshopto____.A.goalloutB.letoffsteamC.keepintouchD.pullherweight12.Herbikewasstolen____.Luckily,bystandershelpedthepolicecatchthethiefquickly.A.tosomeextentB.intheleadC.inbroaddaylightD.atonepoint13.____aloneathome,Ihadtodothehouseworkallbymyself.A.LeftB.TobeleftC.ToleaveD.Havingleft14.It’ssaidthatanapple____onNewton’sheadledtohistheoryofgravity.A.fellB.fallingC.fallsD.tofall15.Thedecision____atyesterday’smeetingwillaffectalltheworkersinthisfactory.A.tomakeB.tobemadeC.havingmadeD.made16.Theywatchedthemist____fromthelake,silentandmysterious.A.roseB.risenC.toriseD.rising17.Manynewfactories____inthisareaoverthepastdecade.A.werebeingsetupB.weresettingupC.havebeensetupD.hadbeensetup18.Myparentstoldmethey____meoutforasightseeingtourifIdidwellintheexam.A.wouldtakeB.hadtakenC.tookD.weretaken19.Thetemperaturedroppedtosuchadegree____theriverfroze.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.which20.Canyourecallthemoment____hesuddenlychangedhismind?A.whichB.howC.whenD.where第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAsiancookingandEuropeancookinghavedevelopeddifferentstyles,butbothofferrichflavorsanduniquecookingtraditions.BasicFeaturesAsiancookingoftenusesrice,noodles,freshvegetablesalongwithingredients(食材)likeginger,garlic,andchilies.Stir-frying(翻炒)andsteamingarecommon.Europeancookingdependsmoreonpotatoes,wheat,meat,andmilkproducts.Roastingandbakingaretypicalmethods.ACloserLookatHealthAspectsBeyondbasicingredients,thetwocuisinesalsodifferinhealth-relatedhabits.Thetablebelowsummarizeskeypoints.HealthAspectAsianCuisineEuropeanCuisineVegetableamountHigh(often>50%ofameal)Lower(meatasmaindish)CookingfatLittleoil,low-fattechniquesAnimalfats(butter,cream)TypicaldrinkwithmealPlaintea(nosugarormilk)Notfixed,butredwinecommonPreservationmethods(保存方式)Lessneeded(freshingredients)ManymethodsforcoldwintersASharedFeatureInterestingly,bothcuisinesshareseveralsimilarities.First,theybothvaluelocallysourcedingredients,likericeinAsiaorpotatoesinEurope.Second,bothhaveawiderangeofregionalvarieties—forexample,curry(咖喱)takesdifferentformsacrossAsia,whilebreadandcheesediffergreatlyacrossEurope.Third,bothtraditionsuseherbstoenhanceflavor,thoughthespecificonesdiffer.Thesesharedfeaturesshowthatgreatcooking,nomatterwhereitcomesfrom,respectslocalresourcesandcreativity.21.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Acomparisonbetweentwocuisines.B.Abriefintroductiontohealthyeating.C.Adetailedguidetocookingathome.D.AhistoryofAsianandEuropeandiets.22.WhichofthefollowingistypicalofaEuropeanmeal?A.Usingmostlypreservedfoods.B.Richinanimalproductsandfats.C.Vegetable-basedwithlittleoil.D.Servedwithplainteaandredwine.23.WhatisasharedfeatureofAsianandEuropeancooking?A.Useofthesametraditionalherbs.B.Limitedvarietyacrossregions.C.Dependingonimportedingredients.D.Preferenceforlocallygrownfoods.BThinkaboutsurfingandyou’lllikelypictureyoungpeopleonCaliforniabeaches,withbrownskin,sun-lightenedhair,andstrongstomachmuscles.Butfromahistoricalangle,youmightaswellthinkofcrime(犯罪)novelistAgathaChristiestandingonasurfboard.That’sbecauseAgathawasanearlyEnglishpioneerofthesport.In1922,attheageof31,Agathalearnedtosurf.Shewasnotyetthe“QueenofCrime,”buthermostfamousfigure,detective(侦探)HerculePoirot,hadalreadyappearedtwoyearsearlierinTheMysteriousAffairatStyles.Agathawasintheprocessofpublishingherlatestbook,TheSecretAdversary,whenshewasinvitedtogowithherhusbandArchieonaworldtourtohelpwithanupcomingexhibition.TheyboardedasteamshipheadingforSouthAfrica,wheretheywereintroducedtoalocalcustom:surfingonMuizenbergBeach.“Wheneverwecouldstealtimeoff,wetookthetrainandwenttoMuizenberg,gotoursurfboards,andwentoutsurfingtogether,”AgathawroteinAnAutobiography.Sheandherhusbandembracedthesportwithexcitement,buyingwoodenboardsandhittingthewaves,firstinSouthAfrica,andtheninHawaii.WhileAgathaandherhusbandwerestayinginHawaii,shelearnedtostanduponherboardafterseveralfailures,includingonethatlefthernearlydrowned(淹死).ButAgathakeptpracticingandwasdeterminedtomastertheart.Latershewrote,“Itwasheaven!Nothingislikestandinguprightonyourboardandrushingthroughthewateratwhatseemstoyouthespeedofabouttwohundredmilesanhour!”AgathashowcasedherloveofsurfingthroughthenovelTheManintheBrownSuitin1924.ThefemalecharacterAnnedescribeshersurfingexperienceinSouthAfricaanditishardnottoreadherwordsasthoseofAgatha.“Surfinglooksperfectlyeasy.Itisn’t.Nevertheless,Ideterminedtoreturnonthefirstpossibleopportunityandhaveanothergo.Iwouldnotbebeaten.”24.WhatdoweknowaboutAgathafromthetext?A.Sheisapioneerofdetectivestories.B.HermostfamouscharacterisPoirot.C.ShelearnedhowtosurfinCalifornia.D.Herfirstbookwaspublishedin1922.25.WhichbookrecordsAgatha’searlysurfingexperience?A.TheMysteriousAffairatStyles.B.TheSecretAdversary.C.AnAutobiography.D.TheManintheBrownSuit.26.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbymentioningAnneinparagraph5?A.Agatha’spassionforsurfing.B.Agatha’ssuccessinliterature.C.Agatha’sloveforSouthAfrica.D.Agatha’spopularityinBritain.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAgatha?A.Fashionableandeasy-going.B.Talentedandhard-working.C.Selflessandwarm-hearted.D.Fearlessandstrong-willed.CChildrenasyoungas18monthsoldcanlearnnamesforobjectsbyoverhearingotherpeople’sconversations.ResearchersatEötvösLorándUniversity(ELTE)inHungarywantedtofindoutwhetherdogsthatwere“gifted”atlearningtoynamescouldalsolearnnewwordssimplybyeavesdropping.Inthestudy,ownersof10gifteddogsfirstintroducedtwonewtoysandnamedthem,repeatedlysayingthetoynameswhileinteracting(互动)withtheirpets.Theseinteractionslastedforseveralminute-longperiodsacrossseveraldays.Sevenoutofthe10dogsreliablyidentifiedandtookbackthenewtoyswhenaskedtodosobytheirowners.Theresearchersrepeatedtheexperimentin“overheard”conditionswiththesameowneranddogpairs.Ownersincludedthenamesofthenewtoysinsentencesandpassedthetoysamongthemselveswiththedogswatching,buttheycouldnotlookatorcommunicatewiththeirdogs.Thedogswerenotallowedtointeractwiththemorgrabthetoys,either.Sevendogswereagainabletoidentifythenewtoyswithoutfailafteroverhearingthetoynames.Thisshowedthatgifteddogs“canlearnnewobjectnamesinamannerfunctionallysimilar”toyoungchildren,theresearcherssaid.Inathirdexperiment,thepetownerssaidthenamesofthetoyswithinsentencesonlyaftertheyhadplacedthetoysinaboxandthetoyswereoutofview.Again,whentested,themajorityofthedogscorrectlyidentifiedthenewtoys—andtheystillrememberedthenamesofthetoystwoweekslater.Theresearchersdonotyetunderstandexactlywhycertaindogshavethisspecialability.Eventhoughgifteddogscanlearnnewwordsinasimilarwaytoyoungchildren,thesimilarbehaviorsandoutcomesarelikelydrivenbydifferentunderlyingmechanisms(机制).“It’sabitlikecomparingabicycleandacar,”theleadingresearcherShanyDrorsaid.“Theybothride,theybothdothisfunction,butthethingthatdrivesthemforwardisverydifferent.”28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eavesdropping”inparagraph1mean?A.Repeating.B.Learning.C.Interacting.D.Overhearing.29.Whatwerethedogsallowedtodointhesecondexperiment?A.Touchthetoys.B.Learnwithababy.C.Lookatthetoys.D.Playwiththeowner.30.Inwhichaspectdidthethirdexperimentdifferfromthefirsttwo?A.Itsprocedure.B.Itslength.C.Itssubjects.D.Itsfindings.31.WhydidShanyDrormention“abicycleandacar”inparagraph5?A.Tocomparewhichvehicleworksbetter.B.Tocontrasthowchildrenanddogslearn.C.Toillustratewhatdriveschildrentolearn.D.Toprovewhydogshavelanguageability.DHumanshavehadacomplex(复杂的)relationshipwithsnakes.Inancientstoriesandmodernfilms,atypicalsnakeisoftenviewedasuntrustworthy,cruelanddeadly.Butintherealworld,theymotivatescientiststoexploreinwaysweneverimagined.Drawingfromarichsourceofhistory,sciencewriterStephenS.Hallexplainsthecomplexityofsnakesandhumans’relationshipwiththeminhisnewbook,Slither.Eachchapterexploresapartofsnakebiologythatshowswhytheanimalcausesbothfearandstronginterest.Personalstoriesofsnakeresearchersandfans,alongwithHall’sownfieldreports,bringthesciencetolife.Inthebook,Halldoesnotshyawayfromtheveryrealdangersnakescanbring.Hedescribesthedamagingandoftendeadlyresultsofsnakebitesinseriousdetail,remindingreaderswhytheseanimalsdeserveenoughattention.Healsopointsoutthatearlyhumansdevelopedtheabilitytoquicklynoticemovementbecausetheyneededtobecarefulofsnakesinthewild.Theideaisthathumansarebornwithanaturalalarmforsnakes.Hallbalancesthiswarningwithcarefullyresearchedstoriesofsnakescienceanditsbenefitstohumans,bothinthepastandnow.Forexample,thefirstdrugusedtolowerbloodpressurecamefromakindofsnakeinSouthAmerica.Studiesofsnakesarealsohelpingengineersbuildsnake-likerobotsthatcanmoveintotightspacestosearchforsurvivorsafteradisaster.Humansarealsocausingharmtosnakes,fromworldwidelossoflivingspacetolarge-scalekillingofsnakesinTexas.InachapteraboutpeoplewhohuntBurmesepythonsinFlorida,Hallasksreaderstothinkagainabouttheword“invasive”(入侵的).Afterall,theseSoutheastAsianpythonsdidnotasktoliveintheSunshineState.Theygotthereprobablybecauseofthepettradeandquicklyadaptedtotheenvironmentusingeverygeneticadvantagetheyhad.Withclearscience,action-filledstories,anddeepsadfeelings,Slithermakessuretheseoftenunfairlytreatedanimalsgetafairchance.32.Whatishumans’attitudetowardssnakesaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Frightenedbutinspired.B.Annoyedbutdependent.C.Shockedbutrespectful.D.Confusedbuthopeful.33.Howdidsnakesaffectearlyhumandevelopmentaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Byreducingdangerfromwildlife.B.Byinspiringcuriosityaboutanimals.C.Byimprovinghumanadaptability.D.Byweakeninghumans’naturalalarm.34.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Latestresearchonsnakes.B.Snakes’imageinvariousfields.C.Traditionalstoriesofsnakes.D.Snakes’contributionstoscience.35.WhatcanweinferaboutHall’sopiniononthesnakeprobleminFlorida?A.Itisnature’schoice.B.Itiscausedbyhumans.C.Killingsnakesisnecessary.D.Thesnakesfailtofitinwell.第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IwasbornandraisedontheGoldCoastbymysinglemother.Shevaluedhighereducation,andIprovedtobeanexcellentstudentfromayoungage.____36____Tokeepoptionsopen,Istarteduniversitywhileworkingpart-timeinakitchen.Itwasn’tlongbeforeIrealizedIwantedtofollowacareerinthekitchen,soIdroppedouthalfwaythroughmydegree.Thenext12yearswasspentworkingasafull-timechef(厨师).IlandedheadchefrolesinNorthQueensland.Igotengaged,hadgreatfriends,andgotthebestjobofmycareer.____37____Yetsomethingfeltoff.IignoredthatfeelinguntilmyfirsttriptoBali.There,Iknewwitheverypartofme:Iwasn’tlivingthelifeImeanttolive.Ididn’twantsameness;Ididn’twantmylifetobealwaysheadinginthesamedirection.ThenIdiscoveredbloggingin2011.Usingmyphone,Icreatedimagesthatpeoplewouldcareaboutandpostedthemonmyblog.IrealizedIhad“theeye”forphotography.____38____Withsomuchattention,Isoonstartedgettingoffersfromthetourismindustry.ForthefirsttimeinmylifeIvoicedmydeepestdesires.____39____IbelievedIcouldcreatethiskindoflifebybuildingupmytravelblogwithmyphotographyskills,andmystrongworkethic(职业道德).Thenextfiveyearswerethehardestandbestofmylife.Iaveraged50tripsayear.Iexpandedintoconsulting,publicspeaking,andteachingothershowtoworkintheindustry.ThisyearI’mlaunchinganonlinephotographycourseforbeginners.NextyearI’llleadmyfirstphotographytourtoZimbabwe,supportingconservationandlocalemployment.Everypartofmybusinesswasbornfrompassionandtheurgetohelpothers.____40____A.IaskedmyselfifIlovedit.B.Mylifewaseasyandhappy.C.ButwhatIlovedthenwascooking.D.Iknewitwasn’tmydreamcareeratall.E.Iwantedtotravelallthetimeandtoalltheplaces.F.Thatattitudehelpedmefinallyliveameaningfullife.G.Myaudiencegrewto200,000followersin18months.36.____37.____38.____39.____40.____第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Peoplecalleditwasteland.Buttwopeoplesawitdifferently.Everywinter,ShrutiandSunilAgarwalwouldwalkalongtheedgeofNaviMumbaiand____41____thewetlandturnpink.Thousandsofflamingos(火烈鸟)____42____fromthenorthwest.Fishlivedsafelyamongthemangrove(红树)roots.Thelandwasnever____43____.Butonemorning,thecouplenoticedsomething____44____—treesthatstoodonedaywere____45____thenext.Itturnedoutan80-hectarestretchoflandwasbookedforhousing,facilities,andagolfcourse.Mangrovesbeganto____46____.Thewetlandwasdisappearing.Shrutitookavideoofwhathappenedthere.Thatsmall____47____changedthecourseoftheirlives.Whatfollowedwereyearsof____48____atcourtroomsandgovernmentoffices.Theyweretiredandoftentold,“Youcan’t____49____thebuilders.”Still,theyreturnedeachtime,refusingtolookaway.Thedestructiondidnotstop____50____,butneitherdidthey.Afteryearsoflegal____51____bythecouple,theBombayHighCourtorderedthedestructiontostopin2018.Mangrovesslowly____52____.Theflamingoscamebackinevengreaternumbers.Everywinter,thewaterturnedasoft,shiftingpinkoncemore.Thelandbeganto____53____again.Today,NaviMumbaiisknownasFlamingoCity.Behindthatnameisthe____54____thatplacesareoftensavednotbypower,butbythosewho____55____tostopnoticingwhatisbeinglost.41.A.helpB.requestC.watchD.make42.A.developedB.arrivedC.separatedD.grew43.A.flatB.emptyC.dirtyD.remote44.A.inspiringB.boringC.worryingD.interesting45.A.goneB.driedC.hiddenD.frozen46.A.takerootB.comeupC.runwildD.thinout47.A.meetingB.recordingC.paintingD.writing48.A.showingupB.eatingoutC.lookingaroundD.shoutingout49.A.joinB.replaceC.avoidD.stop50.A.easilyB.accidentallyC.brieflyD.naturally51.A.limitB.struggleC.agreementD.advice52.A.disappearedB.agedC.returnedD.moved53.A.breatheB.sleepC.formD.shake54.A.mysteryB.reminderC.habitD.method55.A.forgetB.failC.decideD.refuse第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HanGan,atraditionalChineseinkpainter,servedEmperorXuanzong,wholovedhorsessomuchthatheownedmorethan40,000horses.Amongthemwasoneoftheemperor’s____56____(favourite),Night-ShiningWhite,whichHanGanpaintedinafamousportrait.Intheportrait,Night-ShiningWhite____57____(tie)toapoleanddoesn’tlookterriblypleasedwiththisfact.Herearsback(向后仰起),mouthopenandeyeswide,asif____58____(try)tobreakfree.HanGanskillfullycapturedthehorse’sincredible____59____(strong)andwildspirit.Hepaintedinblackink____60____thesamebrushthatheusedforwriting.Theblackinkiswater-basedandonceamarkismade,itcan’tberedoneifthereisamistake,soHanGanhadtoplanthispainting____61____(careful)beforeputtingthebrushtopaper.Thepaintingiscoveredwithbrightredsquar