2025~2026学年上海市浦东新区上海市文建中学高一下学期期中考试英语试卷

2025~2026学年上海市浦东新区上海市文建中学高一下学期期中考试英语试卷一、语法填空Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.LossofBiodiversityAffectsHumanSocietyIfaspeciesofbeedisappearsforeveroraparticularplantisextinct,whatdoesithavetodowithushumans?Well,accordingtoateamofinternationalscientists,biodiversityisdroppingbelowlevels1(consider)safeforthehealthandhappinessofhumansocieties.Theissueisthateverythingisinter-connectedandecosystemssupportoursocieties2theyprovideuswith,forexample,food,fibresandfuels.Ifspeciesgoon3(disappear),thiscandisturbmanyvitalprocesseslikecroppollination(授粉)andthedecomposition(分解)ofwaste.AstudypublishedinthemagazineSciencesuggeststhat58%oftheworld’slandsurface4(reduce)belowthislevelalready.Theseareashouse71%oftheglobalpopulation.ProfessorAndyPurvis,fromImperialCollegeLondonandtheNaturalHistoryMuseum,5(be)oneoftheauthorsofthestudy.Hesays,“Oncewe’rethewrongsideoftheboundary,itdoesn’tmeaneverythinggoeswrongimmediately,6thereisasignificantlyhigherriskthatthingswillgobadlywrong.”Theresearchersfoundthatgrasslands,savannasandshrublandsweremostaffectedbybiodiversitylossonaverage.Purvishopesthisreport7(become)awake-upcalltothose8designpolicies.Here’shiswarning:“Decision-makersworryalotabouteconomicrecessions(衰退),butanecologicalrecessioncouldhaveeven9(bad)consequences—andthebiodiversitydamagewe’vehadmeanswe’reatriskofthathappening.Untiland10wecanbringbiodiversitybackup,we’replayingecologicalroulette(轮盘赌).”二、选词填空Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.

A.translateB.soilC.confusedD.directlyE.customsF.experiences

G.immediatelyH.packetI.rootedJ.fascinatingK.rushedHalfalifehalfwayaroundtheworldIlivedthefirsttwodecadesofmylifeinAmericaandthenexttwoinChina.Itisastrangefeelingtoknowyourowncountryonlyasachildandtobecomeanadultonforeign11Iexperiencedverylittlecultureshockuponarrivingin1998becauseIknewverylittleaboutChina.Ihadno12.Justliveandlearn.IarrivedinChinaasacollegestudentatNanjingUniversity.Onmyfirstdaylivingatthestudentdormitory,Iwentdownstairstotheconveniencestoretobuya(n)13ofchips.IcamebackfiveminuteslatertobuyaCoke.AsajokeIsaidtothecashier,“Longtimenosee!”She14correctedmeandsaid,“No,youwereherefiveminutesago.”ThatwaslessonnumberoneinChina:Ironydoesnot15.Soonafter,alocalfriendinvitedmetohishouseformyfirsteverlunchinaChinesehome.Hisfatherfinishedeatingfirst,putdownhisbowlandchopsticksandsaidtomemanmanchi(“Eatslowly”).Iwas16.Ididn’trealizethiswaspartofChineseetiquette.Hewantedtoexpressthatjustbecausehewasdoneeating,Ishouldnotfeel17tofinish.Ithought,“AmIeatingtoofast?WhydoeshecareaboutthespeedatwhichIeat?”Aftertheyexplainedittome,Ilearnedmysecondimportantlesson:Tolearnthelanguage,onehastolearntheculture.IhadalreadystudiedthelanguageforthreeyearsbeforeIcametoChina,buttherewassomuchIdidn’tunderstand.Whywerepeopleputtingfoodintomyricebowl?WhywerepeopleatthetabletellingmewhenIcouldandcouldn’tdrinkmycupofbeer?Whywasitokayforeveryonetospitthingsout18ontothetable,buttheycovereduptheirmouthswiththeirfreehandwhenusingatoothpicktobepolite?Livingmyadultlifeinaforeigncountryhasbecomealife-longlearningprocess.Chinese19havenowbecomemyown.Theyaresodeeply20inmydailyroutinethatIdonotthinkaboutthem.Andit’snotjustthelittlethings.ThewayIseesociety,government,andpersonalrelationshipshasallchanged.ThecultureshockhappenswhenIgobacktoAmerica.三、完形填空Intoday’sworld,themediaplaysavitalroleinshapingpublicopinion.Fromnewspaperstosocialplatforms,mediaactsasa(n)21betweeneventsandthepublic.However,thispowercomeswithgreatresponsibility.Journalistsareattheheartofmedia.Theirprimaryresponsibilityistoreportfacts22andfairly.Agoodjournalistmustgatherinformationfrommultiplesources,confirmits23,andpresentitwithoutbias.24,duringnaturaldisasters,journalistsoftenrisktheirlivestodeliverfirsthandreports,helpingpeopleunderstandthesituation.Yetjournalismfaceschallenges.Somemedia25speedoveraccuracy,leadingtoerrors.Othersmayspreadfalseinformationtoattractattention.Thisiswhyethical26arecrucial.Journalistsmustresistpressuretosensationalize(大肆渲染)storiesandremaincommittedtotruth.Theriseofdigitalmediahas27theindustry.Whiletraditionalnewspapers28decliningsubscriptions,onlineplatformsoffernewopportunities.Modernjournalistsneedskillslikevideoeditinganddataanalysistoadapt.Despitethesechanges,thecore29remainsunchanged:toinform,30andprotectthepublicinterest.21.A．bridgeB．instituteC．authorityD．permission22.A．permanentlyB．accuratelyC．dramaticallyD．constantly23.A．truthfulnessB．potentialC．awarenessD．consequence24.A．InparticularB．AsaresultC．OnthecontraryD．Forinstance25.A．globalizeB．memorizeC．prioritizeD．normalize26.A．impressionsB．standardsC．symbolsD．innovations27.A．highlightedB．declaredC．transformedD．published28.A．dealwithB．strugglewithC．keepcontactwithD．focuson29.A．optionB．missionC．shortageD．setback30.A．maintainB．educateC．balanceD．struggle四、阅读理解IfEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven'tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learninganotherlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter(大脑灰质),whichistheareaofthebrainwhichdealswithinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.Thestudyalsofoundtheeffectsaregreater,theyoungerpeoplelearnanotherlanguage.AteamledbyDr.AndreaMechelli,tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals”whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity(密度)inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguage.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifference.“Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage.”saidthescientists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWaleshasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualismandmathskills.“Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible”hesaid,“Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas.”ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesof2and34.Reading,writingandcomprehensionwerealltested.Theresultsshowedthattheyoungertheystartedtolearn,thebetter.“Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworld.”explainedthescientists.31.Whydoesthewritermention“exercise”and“muscles”inparagraph2?

A．Toprovethatlearningalanguageisbeneficialtoyourbrain.B．Tosuggestthatlanguagelearninginvolvesphysicalexercise.C．Toexplainthatlanguagelearningissimilartomusclebuilding.D．Toshowthatlanguagelearningisaprocessofbuildinggreymatter.32.Whatcanbelearntfromthescientificfindings?

A．Theabilitytolearnasecondlanguageischangingallthetime.B．Theearlieryoustarttolearnasecondlanguage,thehigherthegreymatterdensityis.C．Theexperienceoflearningasecondlanguagehasanunknowneffectonpeople’sbrain.D．Alatersecondlanguagelearnerandoneknowingnosecondlanguagehavenodifference.33.Whatdoestheauthortrytotellusinthelasttwoparagraphs?

A．Italianisthebestchoiceforyouasasecondlanguage.B．Learningasecondlanguageisthesameasstudyingmaths.C．It’sbettertolearnasecondlanguagebetweentheagesof2and34.D．Earlylearningofasecondlanguagehelpsinstudyingothersubjects.34.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A．Howtolearnasecondlanguage.B．Howlanguagelearninghelpsbrainpower.C．People’sabilitytolearnasecondlanguage.D．Therelationshipbetweenlanguagelearningandmathstudy.ArticleContest—TeensMakingaDifferenceNomatteryourageorwhatyourlifeis,youcanalwaysmakeadifference.TeenInkknowsthis,andsodoesNatalieSilverstein—authorofSimpleActs:TheBusyTeen’sGuidetoMakingDifference.Forthiscontest,wewanttoknowwhatsimpleactsyou’vedonetomakeadifference.Pleaseclickhereforonlineregistration.Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.RulesYoumustbeateen(aged13-19)withaTeenInkaccounttoenter.Submissionsmustrelatetothetopic—TeensMakingaDifference.Articlesmustbebetween250-350words.Deadline:December31.GuidelinesandDetailsItdoesn’tmatterhowbigorsmallyouractofkindnessis,wewanttohearaboutit!Thereisnolimittothenumberofpiecesyoucansubmit.HowtoSubmit(递交)Submitentriesthroughourwebsite.Otherformsofsubmissionwillnotbeaccepted.AllentriessubmittedtoTeenInkareautomaticallyconsideredforthecontest.Mustincludethewords“ArticleContest”inyoursubmission’stags(标签)andtitle.PrizesWinnersandhonorablementionswillhavetheirarticlespublishedinTeenInkmagazine.TheoverallwinnerwillreceiveacopyofNatalieSilverstein’sbook.SimpleActs:TheBusyTeen’sGuidetoMakingaDifferenceanda$25giftcard.35.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?

A．Handingina320-wordarticle.B．Submitting2entries.C．Deliveringyourentry.D．UploadingyourentryonNovember28.36.Whatistheprizeforhonorablementions?

A．They’llgetagiftcard.B．They’llbepresentedwiththebook.C．Theirarticleswillappearinthemagazine.D．TheirworkswillberecommendedbyNatalieSilverstein.37.What’sthemainpurposeofthecontest?

A．Tomaketeensfondofreading.B．Toencourageteenstodogooddeeds.C．ToadvertiseNatalieSilverstein’sbook.D．Togetteenstosubscribe(订阅)toTeenInkmagazine.Anopinionpollwasconductedintheearly1990stofindouttheculturalattitudesofresidentsoffivecountriesinWesternEurope(Britain,France,Italy,SpainandGermany).Onethousandpeople,formingarepresentativesampleoftheadultpopulation,fromeachofthefiveparticipatingcountrieswereinterviewed.Thepollassumedthatliterature,history,science,arts,law,economicsandsoonwouldberegardedassignificantelementsofculturebyallparticipants,butitsetouttoexaminetheareaswhichtheyconsideredthemostimportantformsofculturalexpression.Inaddition,thepollrequiredintervieweestoindicateinaquestionnairethetypeofeducationtheyconsideredmostappropriateforthemodernworld,thebestchannelsofknowledgeandartstheymostvalued.38Theresultsofthepollshowinterestingdifferencesbetweentheparticipatingnationsintermsofwhichcomponentsofculturetheyregardasmostimportantformsofculturalexpression.FortheFrenchandItalians,literaturecomeswellatthetopofthelist.39HistoryoccupiessecondplacefortheFrench,theItaliansandGermansbutisgivenverylowprioritybytheBritish.FortheSpanishthesefourareasaremoreorlessequal,withmathematicshavingaslightedge.Itseemsthatmembersofeachcountryinthesurveyhaveacommondefinitionofculturebutthatdefinitionvariesfromcountrytocountry.40TheFrenchandItaliansareliterarypeoples,theBritishscientificandtheGermanspracticalandhard-working.Francehasthedistinction,accordingtotheresultsofthepoll,ofbeingthecountrywhichprovokesmostinterestfromitsBritish.ItalianandGermanneighbors.41TheFrenchalsoplacedItalyfirst.ItalyoccupiessecondplaceforboththeBritishandtheGermans.Itwouldseem,then,thatthe“literary”nationsofFranceandItalyaremoreculturallyexcitingthanthescientificBritishorthepracticalGermans!

A．Incontrast,mathematicsisgivenprioritybytheBritishandeconomics,/politicsbytheGermans.B．TherearecleardifferencesintheviewsofvariousEuropeannations.C．Th