Unit 1 Growing up Starting out and understanding ideas 同步练习-2022-2023学年高中英语外研版2019选择性必修第二册

外研版（2019）选修二Unit1startingoutandunderstandingideas一、单词拼写1.Gotothestorewiththem_____amountofmoney,whichwillnotevenhelpyoubuyadrink.2.Paynelosthisdrivingl_____ayearagoforDUI.3.Thetwowomenusedsomeblanketstocovertheinjured,whileotherswerewaitingforthea_____toarrive.4.Theyareemotionally_____(成熟的)andshouldbehaveresponsibly.5.Thestudentsputthebooksonthelibrarydesk,andthe_____(图书馆管理员)checkedthemin.6.Pickingout_____(家庭的)foodandhazardouswastepreventsthespreadofdisease.7.Thetreatmentofdiabetesreachedasignificantm______(里程碑)inthe1970s.8.Itisreportedthathewasarrestedfordrivingwithoutal______

(执照).9.Ourteachertoldustwomovingstories,whichshowedathankfulheartisthegreatestv_____

(美德).10.Kidsmakeapersonresponsibleandm_____

(成熟的)andhelpustounderstandlifebetter.11.Them_____

(最少的)numberweneedtorunthecourseisfifteen.12.Tosolvethisproblem,ourcompanyputouttheh_____(家用的)robot,whichisdesignedtotakecareofoldpeople.13.Notknowingwhattodo,Iaskedmyfriendtocallana_____(救护车).14.Asthew_____

(工资)werelow,therewerefewapplicantsforthejob.二、翻译题15.这样做让你就如何完成工作发表意见。Doingsoallowsyouto_______________onhowworkgetsaccomplished.16.美国人比我们更加意识到技术在教育中的重要性。Americans______________________________oftechnologyineducationthanweare.17.那个年轻人为了给新老板留下好印象而努力表现自己。Thatyoungmantriestoprojecthimselfinorderto_________________________thenewboss.18.当你感觉你不再掌控自己的生活时,懒惰就开始了。Lazinesssetsinwhenyounolongerfeel_______________yourownlife.Ifyou'reeverinBeijing,__________andseeus!20.学生们过去作业负担很重。Thestudents_______________

burdenedwithalotofhomework.21.他英语说得HespokeEnglish______________________________itinBritainbefore.22.对不起！我来迟了。Sorry!I'mlate.Howlong____________________forme?23.一到目的地,游客们便迫不及待地拍照。Onarrivingatthedestination,thetourists________________________

pictures.三、阅读理解

Don'tgetmadnexttimeyoucatchyourteenagertextingwhenhecommitshimselftostudying.Hesimplymaynotbeabletoresist.AstudyoftheUniversityofIowa(UI)foundteenagersarefarmoresensitivethanadultstotheimmediateeffectorrewardoftheirbehavior.Thefindingsmayhelpexplainwhytheinitialrushoftextingmaybemoreattractiveforadolescentsthanthelong-termpayoffofstudying.

"Fortheteenager,therewardsareseductiveforthemtobeaddictedtotexting,"saysProfessorJatinVaidya,anauthorofthestudy."Theydrawadolescents.Sometimes,therewardsareakindofmotivationforthem.Evenwhenakindofbehaviorisnolongerinateenager'sbestinteresttocontinue,theywill,becausetheeffectoftherewardsisstillthereandlastsmuchlongerinadolescentsthaninadults."

Forparents,thatmeanslimitingdistractionssothatteenagerscanmakebetterchoices.Takethehomeworkandsocialmediadilemma:At9p.m.,shutoffeverythingexceptacomputerthathasnoaccesstoFacebookorTwitter,astheresearchersadvise."I'mnotsayingtheyshouldn'tbeallowedaccesstotechnology,"saysVaidya."Butsomehelpinresettingtheirconcentrationisnecessaryforthemsothattheycandevelopthoseimpulse-controlskills."

Intheirstudy,Vaidyaandco-authorShaunVeceranoteresearchersgenerallybelieveteenagersarenotmature,makebaddecisions,andengageinriskybehaviorbecausethefrontallobes(额叶)oftheirbrainsarenotfullydeveloped.ButtheUIresearcherswonderedwhethersomethingmorefundamentalwasgoingonwithadolescentstocausebehaviorindependentofhigher-levelreasoning.

"Wewantedtotrytounderstandthebrain'srewardsystemandhowitchangesfromchildhoodtoadulthood,"saysVaidya,whoaddsthattherewardcharacterinthehumanbrainiseasierthandecision-making."We'vebeentryingtounderstandtherewardprocessinadolescenceandwhetherthereismoretoadolescentbehaviorthananunder-developedfrontallobe,"headds.Fortheirstudy,theresearcherspersuaded40adolescents,aged13to16,and40adults,aged20to35toparticipate.

Inthefuture,researchershopetolookintothepsychologicalandneurological(神经学上的)aspectsoftheirresults.1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Always,rewardsareattractivetoteenagers.

B.Always,adolescentscanresistrewards.

C.Resistancecanbecontrolledwellbyadolescents.

D.Gettingrewardsisthegreatestmotivationforadolescentstostudy.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"seductive"inParagraph2mean?

A.Necessary. B.Attractive. C.Useful. D.Important.

3.WhichstatementagreeswithVaidya'sidea?

A.Theinfluenceoftherewardisweakinadolescents.

B.Parentsshouldhelpchildreninmakingdecisions.

C.ChildrenshouldhaveaccesstotheInternet.

D.Childrenneedhelpinrefocusingtheirattention.

4.Whatresultdoestheteenager'sbrainunderdevelopmentleadto?

A.Doingthingsaftersomethought. B.Makinggooddecisions.

C.Joiningindangerousactions. D.Escapingriskybehavior.四、七选五Inthemostbasicsense,self-regulation(自我调节)involvescontrollingone'sbehaviorandthoughtsinpursuit(追求)oflong-termgoals.Generally,peoplewhoaregoodatself-regulationtendtoseethegoodinothersandviewchallengesasopportunities.Theyexactlyknowwhattheywanttoachieve,actinaccordancewiththeirviews,anddevotetheirbesteffort.①_____

②_____

Abad-temperedchildwhohitsotherswon'tbepopularatschool.Anadultwithpoorself-regulationskillsmaylackself-confidence.Hemayhavedifficultyhandlingstress,andoften,thismightbeexpressedintermsofangerandanxiety.

Howdoproblemswithself-regulationdevelop?Itcouldstartearlywhenababyisn'ttreatedwithenoughcare.

③_____Later,anadultmaystrugglewithself-regulation,eitherbecausethisabilitywasn'tdevelopedduringchildhood,orbecauseofalackofskillinmanagingdifficultfeelings.Whenleftunchecked,overtimethiscouldleadtoriskybehaviorsuchastakingdrugs.

④_____Oneofthemostfrequentlyusedmethodsistochangeyourthoughtpatterns,whichmeansthatyouthinkaboutasituationinapositiveway,ratherthanonethat'slikelytoincreasenegativeemotions.

⑤_____Ratherthanthinkingthatthisreflectssomethingaboutyourselfsuchas"Myfriendhatesme",youmightinsteadthink,"Myfriendmustbereallybusy".A.Trytocheeryourselfupafterdisappointment.B.Dotheusualseriesofthingsataparticulartime.C.Achildwhodoesn'tfeelsafemayhavetroubleself-regulating.D.Alackofself-regulationwillcauseproblemsinlife.E.Anyhow,self-regulationissoimportantthatweshouldlearntousethisskill.F.Forexample,imagineafriendwhodoesn'treturnyourcallsortextsforseveraldays.G.Alsotheycancalmthemselveswhenfeelingupsetandcheerthemselveswhenfeelingdown.五、完形填空

ANewYorkwomanisearningplentyofpraiseonlineaftershewroteamessageofferingtohelpherelderlyneighbors.

MaggieConnolly,wholivesinBrooklyn'sCarrollGardensneighborhood,

1

herhandwrittenletter

2

severalgrocerystoresinhercommunitywereshortofsupplies,accordingtoFoxNews.

Theletter,whichis

3

to"elderlyneighborsandthosewithpoorhealth",includesConnolly'semailaddressandanoffertohelpthose

4

people.

Connolly'sneighborrepostedanimageoftheletter,afterwhichitwas

5

byseveralpopularonlineaccounts.Onepostevenearnednearly50,000

6

andhundredsofcommentsfromuserswhocalledtheeffort"sweet"and"

7

".

Othersusedthemessageasasourceof

8

,sayingitservedasareminderastohowpeopleshould

9

duringemergencies.

ConnollytoldFoxNewsshereceivedplentyofresponsestothe

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,withpeopleofallagerangesaskingforhelp.She

11

thatshealsogotemailsfromotherpeoplewhowerefollowing

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intheirownneighborhoods.

"Manypeople

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toothersnotonlyintheneighborhood,butalsoallovertheworld,sendingmepicturesoftheirsignsthatthey'remaking,whichIthinkissohuge,"shesaid.

Connollysaidshe's

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workingwitharound70volunteersinherownneighborhood—acommunityshe'shopingtogrowbyworkingwiththeinstitutionInvisibleHands,whichoffersdelivery

15

tothoseinneedthroughoutNewYorkCityandJerseyCity.1.A.posted

B.announced

C.delivered

D.composed

2.A.before

B.after

C.until

D.unless

3.A.attached

B.applied

C.referred

D.written

4.A.lucky

B.anxious

C.ambitious

D.needy

5.A.witnessed

B.copied

C.shared

D.designed

6.A.likes

B.thumbs

C.flowers

D.dollars

7.A.puzzling

B.unhelpful

C.amazing

D.boring

8.A.explanation

B.inspiration

C.determination

D.satisfaction

9.A.feel

B.behave

C.survive

D.cook

10.A.bill

B.notice

C.warning

D.letter

11.A.complained

B.commented

C.added

D.predicted

12.A.suit

B.law

C.routes

D.rules

13.A.workout

B.reachout

C.turnout

D.makeout

14.A.simply

B.possibly

C.instantly

D.currently

15.A.aid

B.love

C.machine

D.medicine

参考答案1.答案：minimum2.答案：licence3.答案：ambulance4.答案：mature5.答案：librarian6.答案：household7.答案：milestone解析：句意：20世纪70年代，糖尿病的治疗到达了一个重要阶段。milestone名词，意为"重大事件，里程碑"。8.答案：licence解析：句意：据报道他因无证驾驶被捕。licence名词，意为"执照"。9.答案：virtue解析：句意：我们的老师给我们讲了两个感人的故事，这两个故事告诉我们感恩的心是最大的美德。virtue名词，意为"美德"。10.答案：mature解析：句意：孩子使人变得有责任感和成熟，帮助我们更好地理解生活。mature形容词，意为"成熟的"。11.答案：minimum解析：句意：我们开这门课最少要有十五个学生。minimum形容词，意为"最小的；最少的"。12.答案：household解析：句意：为了解决这个问题，我们公司推出了这款家用机器人，它是为照顾老年人而设计的。household形容词，意为"家用的"。13.答案：ambulance解析：句意：不知道做什么，我要求我的朋友打电话叫救护车。ambulance名词，意为"救护车"。14.答案：wages解析：句意：因为工资低，几乎没有人申请这份工作。根据空格后面的谓语were可知这里的名词为复数，因此用wages。15.答案：haveasay16.答案：aremoreawareoftheimportance17.答案：makeagoodimpressionon18.答案：inchargeof19.答案：docome20.答案：usedtobe21.答案：asthough/ifhehadstudied22.答案：haveyoubeenwaiting23.答案：couldn'twaittotake阅读理解答案：1-4ABDC解析：1.主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知,全文围绕的都是"奖励对青少年是有吸引力的"这个话题,并且运用了相关的研究结果来阐述青少年会这样的原因—他们的大脑额叶还没有发育完全。A项意为"奖励始终吸引着青少年。",符合文意。故选A。

2.词义猜测题。画线单词所在的句子为JatinVaidya所说的话。由这句话后的Theydrawadolescents.Sometimes,therewardsareakindofmotivationforthem.可知,这些奖励对青少年是很有吸引力的。画线单词与下句中的draw相呼应。necessary必要的;attractive有吸引力的;useful有用的;important重要的。故选B。

3.细节理解题。由文章第三段中的Butsomehelpinresettingtheirconcentrationisnecessaryforthemsothattheycandevelopthoseimpulse-controlskills.可知,Vaidya认为在重新集中注意力方面,孩子们需要一些帮助。故选D。

4.细节理解题。由文章第四段中的…teenagersarenotmature,makebaddecisions,andengageinriskybehaviorbecausethefrontallobes(额叶)oftheirbrainsarenotfullydeveloped.可知,青少年大脑发育得不充分会导致他们参加危险的活动。故选C。七选五答案：①-⑤GDCEF解析：①上文Theyexactlyknowwhattheywanttoachieve,actinaccordancewiththeirviews,anddevotetheirbesteffort.说的是会自我调节的好处,分析选项可知G项也是在说会自我调节的好处,与上文是递进关系,联系更紧密,符合语境。故选G。②根据下文Abad-temperedchildwhohitsotherswon'tbepopularatschool.Anadultwithpoorself-regulationskillsmaylackself-confidence.可知,下文讲的是如果缺乏自我调节能力,就会产生不好的影响,所以此处说的也是不好的影响。D项更好地总结了此段内容,符合语境。故选D。③根据下文Later,anadultmaystrugglewithself-regulation,eitherbecausethisabilitywasn'tdevelopedduringchildhood,orbecauseofalackofskillinmanagingdifficultfeelings.可知,下文主要讲述的是成年人的情况,所以此处讲的是孩子的情况。故C项符合语境。故选C。④根据下文Oneofthemostfrequentlyusedmethodsistochangeyourthoughtpatterns,whichmeansthatyouthinkaboutasituationinapositiveway,