广东省深圳市多校联考2025-2026年高一下期末英语试卷（含答案）

2025-2026学年第二学期期末质量检测高一英语 注意事项：1.本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试用时130分钟；2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校，班级和姓名填在答题卡上，正确粘贴条形码；3.作答选择题时，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应答案的选项涂黑；4.非选择题的答案必须写在答题卡各题目的指定区域内相应位置上，不准使用铅笔和涂改液；5.考试结束后，考生上交答题卡。第一部分基础知识(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)单项选择从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.It'snotagoodideatosomeoneinfrontofothers,asitmaycausegreatembarrassment.A.justify B.forgive C.criticize D.adjust2.Thesaying“Looselipssinkships”remindsusthatweshouldbecarefulwithourwordsandavoidlettingoutsecrets.A.byaccident B.onpurpose C.inreturn D.atease3.Whenyoufeelextremelyangry,itisbettertofindahealthywaytoratherthanshoutingatyourfriends.A.breakintoasmile B.letoffsteam C.risetoyourfeet D.letdown4.——Whydidyouforgivehimsoeasily?——BecauseIknowittakescourageforapersontotheirmistakesandapologize.A.admit B.analyse C.evaluate D.obtain5.Duringtheearthquake,peoplerushedtofindsheltersunderthestrongtablesordoor-frames.A.solar B.typical C.royal D.temporary6.Thegovernmentwarnedthattheapproachingmightcauseseveredamagetothecoastalcities.A.shower B.breeze C.hurricane D.landscape7.RyanworkedhardtomoneyandfinallydonatedenoughtobuildawellinUganda.A.earn B.obtain C.win D.acquire8.Thelife-changinggiftofcleanwaterhasgreatlyimprovedthelivingconditionsinthevillage.Theunderlinedphrasemeans.A.sensitive B.significant C.minor D.frequent9.Theextremeweathereventsoftenthelocalwildlife,forcingthemtomigratetosaferareas.A.threaten B.protect C.ensure D.assist10.Thegovernmenttookimmediateactiontotheamountofcarbondioxidereleasedbyfactories.A.produce B.consume C.ignore D.reduce11.Thecaptainlookedatthedarkcloudsonthehorizon,unawarethatthestormforthreefulldays.A.lasted B.waslasting C.haslasted D.wouldlast12.Thefriendlyatmospherestudentsfeelsafetoexpresstheirideasfreelyisveryhelpfultocreativethinking.A.where B.that C.when D.which13.Theancienttreeinthecenterofthevillage,havingwitnessedcountlessgenerationscomeandgo,asasilentguardianoflocalhistory.A.stood;serves B.standing;serving C.stood;serving D.standing;serves14.Thelastdecaderemarkableprogressinartificialintelligence,withsmartdevicesbecomingpartofdailylife.A.saw B.hasseen C.wasseeing D.sees15.ThewordsbytheteachermadeRyanrealizetheseverityofthewatershortageinAfrica.A.speaking B.spoke C.spoken D.tospeak16.Thegroundiscompletelywet.Itheavilylastnight.A.mightrain B.musthaverained C.couldrain D.shouldhaverained17.Unlesscarefully,theexperimentmayfail,alleffortsuseless.A.plan;makes B.planning;tomake C.toplan;made D.planned;making18.Thisisoneofthemostinspiringnovelsthatpublishedthisyear.A.hadbeen B.havebeen C.are D.were19.energy,youshouldalwaysunplugyourelectronicdeviceswhentheyarenotinuse.A.Save B.Saving C.Tosave D.Saved20.inthefootstepsoftherenownedscientist,Dr.Chenhasnowpasseddownherresearchmethodstothenewgraduates,willtakeonmanyofthefutureexperiments.A.Following;who B.Followed;whichC.Tofollow;whom D.Havingfollowed;they第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhatDoesSustainableFishingMean?Istheglobalfishingindustrysustainable?Whichfishareharvestedsustainably,andwhereareweoverfishing?Thesearecriticalquestions.However,beforewecananswerthem,wemustfirstagreeonwhat“sustainability”means.Therealdisagreementgoesbeyondhowmanyfishwecatchorwhetherfishpopulationsarerisingorfalling.Oneschoolofthoughttreatsfishasanimalswithvalueintheirownright.Fromthisview,sustainabilitymeansallowingwildpopulationstoreturntolevelsclosetowhattheywerebeforelarge-scalefishingbegan.Asaresult,fishingshouldremainatverylowlevels,ifallowedatall.Incontrast,thesecondschoolofthoughttreatsfishmainlyasaresource.Sincemillionsofpeopledependonfishforfoodandincome,sustainabilityheremeanscatchingasmanyfishaspossiblewithoutexhaustingthepopulation.Inotherwords,fishingisacceptableaslongasthestock(存量)cangrowbackovertime.Thesetwoideascanbeillustratedonthegraph.Onthex-axis(轴)isfishingpressure:asitincreases,alargershareofthefishpopulationiscaught.Onthey-axisaretworelatedmeasures—fishcatch(shownbythecurve)andfishstock(thetotalnumberoffishremaining).Thefirstschoolofthoughtaimsforthetop-leftcornerofthegraph,wherefishpopulationismostlyleftundisturbed;thesecondschoolsupportsfishingatwhatiscalled“maximumsustainableyield”,whichusuallyoccurswhenthepopulationisabout37%to50%ofitsoriginalsize.Surprisingasitmayseem,wildfishpopulationsoftengrowfastestatmediumsizes.Asapopulationincreasesandapproachesitsnaturallimit,growthslowsbecauseresourcesareinshortsupply.Atmediumsizes,reproductioncanbalancethefishremovedbyfishing,allowingthepopulationtosustainasteadylevelofharvest(渔获量).21.Whatisthekeydisagreementbetweenthetwoschoolsofthought?A.Theeconomicvalueoffish. B.Themoralunderstandingoffish.C.Theintendedsizeoffishpopulation. D.Theexpectedtrendinfishpopulation.22.Whichpointonthegraphis“maximumsustainableyield”?A.A B.B C.C D.D23.Whyshouldfishpopulationsbekeptatamediumsize?A.Tomaintainthehighestgrowthrate. B.Toincreasethetotalfishpopulation.C.Tomaximizeshort-termfishharvest. D.Toimprovenature'scarryingcapacity.BInherpreviousbestsellingnovelTrueBiz,Saraunfoldsthestoryofeverydaylifeatadeafboardingschool(寄宿学校)withsuchcarefulattentiontosocialandculturaldetailsthatattimes,itreadslikesociologicalhomework.Andthistime,inherlatestbook,MotherTongue,inwhichSararevisitsherhistory,shehascompletedherownhomework.Saragrewupbelievingshehadnohearingproblems.Whenschool-requiredtestsrevealedhearingloss,sheheldontoheridentityasahearingperson,white-knucklingherwaythroughforaslongasshecould.Whensheeventuallyacceptedherdeafidentity,though,andfoundherplacewithinthedeafcommunity,Saracametofindanewsenseofself.Now,asamotheroftwo—onebiologicalandhearing,oneadoptedanddeaf—shereflectsontheforcesthatinfluenceherandherchildren.Readerswhoaren'tdrawntohistorybooksmayfindthefirsthalfofthebookslowerthanexpected.Still,Sara'svoiceremainsconversational,anditneverfeelslikeabookwheretheauthorwantstoshowoffresearchsimplybecausesheconductedit.EveryhistoricalpassagedirectlyconnectstothelivesofSara,herfamily,anddeafpeoplenationwide.Butbecauseearlierchaptersaresopackedwiththiscontext,theymaybeatougherreadforsome.Asthebookprogresses,thefocusturnstotheadoptionofhersecondchild.Originally,Sarawashesitant,butherhusbandwashimselfadoptedandwantedtoofferthesameopportunity.Andaftershespottedthechildwhileresearchingpossibilities,Saramadeuphermind.Havingexperiencedthestruggleoflearningtocommunicate,Sarawascertainshecouldofferthischildthenecessarysupport.MotherTongueisacloselookatdisabilityrights,internationaladoption,andthewaystheseforceshaveshapedtheauthor.Saraisanexpertatcombiningstorytellingwithresearch.ReaderswillcomeawayfromthisextraordinaryaccountwithnotonlyasenseofSara'sexperience,butadeeperunderstandingofdeafcultureasawhole.24.Whatdoes“herownhomework”refertoinparagraph1?A.Thecomparisonofthetwobooks. B.Thereflectiononthepreviousnovel.C.Theanalysisofsocialinfluences. D.Theexaminationofherpersonallife.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasemeaninparagraph2?A.Retooktheschool-requiredtest. B.Embracedherdeafcondition.C.Gottoknowthedeafcommunity. D.Struggledtoremainahearingperson.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMotherTongue?A.History-informed. B.Research-centered.C.Theory-inspired. D.Conversation-driven.27.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.CommunityRebuilt:RecallingAForgottenPast.B.CareTakesRoot:HearingSilentCommunication.C.DreamComesAlive:FindingaPlaceCalledHome.D.SilenceEmpowered:ExploringDeafCultureandIdentity.CAccordingtotheUnitedNations,2.2billionpeoplestilllackaccesstosafedrinkingwater,makingthesearchforreliablewatersourcesincreasinglypressing.Manyregionsrelyonsalt-removalplantstoturnseawaterintofresh,drinkablewater.Traditionalmethods,however,costagreatdealofmoney,uselargeamountsofelectricity,andproduceconcentratedsaltwaterknownasbrine(高盐度水),which,whenreleasedintotheocean,candamageoceanlifeandecosystems.Toaddresstheseproblems,researchersattheUniversityofRochesterhavedevelopedanewmethod.Theirsun-poweredsystemcanproducefreshwaterefficiently,workwithoutchemicalpre-treatment,andreducebrinewaste.Thesystemusesspecialplatesmadeofblackmetaltreatedwithfemtosecondlasers(飞秒激光).Thistreatmentgivesthesurfacetwokeyfeatures:maximumsunlightabsorptionandasuperwicking(超亲水性)effect——steadilyandevenlydrawingwaterupandacrossthesurface.Astheplateabsorbssunlight,seawaterisheatedandturnsintosteam.Meanwhile,theremainingsaltywatermovesawayfromtheworkingareaandcollectsonuntreatedpartsoftheplate.Apartfromthesaltcontent,seawateralsocontainsmanyothercomponents(组分),someofwhichcandryintohardblocks,preventingwaterflowandreducingsystemefficiency.Toavoidthis,researcherspurposefullyleavetinycutsonthemetalsurfacetoguidethesolutionawaybeforeitbuildsup.Additionally,thesystemappliesthe“coffeeringeffect.”Astheresearchersexplain,whenadropofcoffeedries,aringformsattheedgeassmallpiecesofmaterialmoveoutward.Inthesameway,theremainingsaltsolutionisdirectedtowardthenon-workingarea.Insteadofbeingwasted,thecollectedsaltscanalsobeputtogooduse.Byaddingaspecialchemicalmediumintothecuts,theplatescanseparatelithium(锂)fromotherelements.UsingwaterfromUtah'sGreatSaltLake,theysuccessfullyrecycledabout50percentofthelithiumremainingafterthesalt-removalprocess.28.Whatisanadvantageofthenewmethodoverthetraditionalones?A.Lessuseofchemicals. B.Moreaccessibleenergysource.C.Simplerbyproducts. D.Highersalt-removalefficiency.29.Whichisafeatureoftheplates'surface?A.Highsunlightreflection. B.Lowheatconductivity.C.Full-surfaceworkingarea. D.Strongwater-guidingcapacity.30.Howdotheresearcherspreventblockage?A.Byapplyingringcuts. B.Byaddingworkingareas.C.Bybreakingdownblockingmaterials. D.Byremovingbrinefromworkingareas.31.WhydoestheauthormentionGreatSaltLakeinthelastparagraph?A.Tocallformoreexperimentsonthelake.B.Toputforwardimprovementstothemethod.C.Topresentanotherapplicationofthemethod.D.Tohighlighttherichlithiumresourcesofthelake.DCultureshapeshowpeoplespeakandinteract.Inscientificresearch,however,itissometimessetasideinordertokeepstudiesfocusedandmanageable.Asaresult,itsinfluenceoneverydayexperiencesmaynotbefullyexplored.Thisisespeciallytrueinstudiesofchildren'slanguagedevelopment,whereresearchersoftenexaminesoundinputwithoutgivingequalattentiontoculturalcontext.Inresponsetothisgap,Benítez-Barrerabringsculturalcontextbackintodiscussionsoflanguagedevelopmentinchildrenwithhearingdisabilities.Hisearlierstudiesfoundcleardifferencesinnoiselevelsacrossculturalgroups,butthereasonsforthesedifferencesremainedunclear.Hismorerecentworkbuildsonthisbyaskingwhetherthedifferencesarelinkedtounderlyingculturalvalues.FocusingonLatino(拉丁族裔)communities,heobservedthatchildreninthesegroupsoftengrowupinlouderenvironments.ManyLatinofamiliesattachgreatimportancetocloserelationshipsandsharedtime,sochildrenarefrequentlysurroundedbyongoingconversations.Bycontrast,culturesthatvalueindependenceandpersonalspacetendtoorganizedailylifearoundquietersettings.Inthisway,differencesinhearingenvironmentsreflectbroaderculturalpatternsratherthansimplephysicalconditions.Therelationshipbetweennoiseandlanguagedevelopmentiscomplex.Childrenbenefitfromhearingspokenlanguageinearlychildhood,yetthatlanguagemustbeaccessibleinordertosupportlearning.Whenspeechismixedwithongoingbackgroundnoise,accesstolanguagecanbelimited,particularlyforchildrenwithhearingloss.Atthesametime,environmentswithhighernoiselevelsoftenreflectclosesocialrelationshipsandfrequentinteractionwithinfamilies,whichinturnprovideimportantopportunitiesforchildrentoengagewithlanguage.Thesefindingshaveimportanteffectsforresearchandmedicalpractice.ManyexistingtreatmentsweredevelopedinWesternsocieties,wherequieterlearningenvironmentsaregenerallyexpected.Yetforfamilieswhovaluefrequentsocialinteraction,avoidingnoisysettingsmaynotbeanoption.Ratherthanaskingfamiliestochangetheirculturalpractices,professionalsmayneedtoimprovehearingtechnologyanddevelopsupportstrategiesthatworkwithineverydayenvironments.32.Whydoesscientificresearchoftenleaveoutculturalfactors?A.Tohighlightotherinfluences. B.Toreduceexperimentalgroups.C.Toensurecontroloverexperiments. D.Toimproveproceduresofexperiments.33.WhatdidBenítez-BarrerafindaboutLatinocommunities?A.Theypreferanimpersonalstyleofinteraction.B.Theyfollowaninterdependentculturalpattern.C.Theirhearing-disabledchildrenlearnlanguagebetter.D.Theirhearing-disabledchildrenbenefitfromlargefamilies.34.Whatmightincreasednoiselevelsmeaninlanguagelearning?A.Moretargetedlanguageinput. B.Moreaccessiblespeechcontent.C.Moreconcentrationonlanguageform. D.Moreinvolvementinlanguageinteraction.35.Whatdoestheauthorcallforinthelastparagraph?A.Adaptingfamilyculturalpractices. B.Developingnoise-controltechnology.C.Exploringculturallyspecifictreatments. D.Reducingnoiseinlanguagelearningsettings.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Juicingcanbeaconvenientwaytoincreasetheamountoffruitandvegetablesyoueat.36Youlosemostofthefiber,concentratethesugar,andmayenduptakinginfarmorecaloriesthanyouwouldfromwholeproduce.Thebiggestfoodlossfromjuicingisfiber.Awholeorangecontainsabout3gramsoffiber;aglassoforangejuicecontainsessentiallynone.37Fiberslowstheabsorptionofsugarintoyourbloodstream,feedsbeneficialdigestive-systembacteria,andhelpsyoufeelfull.38Applejuicehasalowbloodsugarindex(指数)ofaround32,andMangojuicelandsinthemediumrangeofaround56.Thesenumbersarelowerthanmanypeopleexpect,buttherealproblemishowmuchyoudrink.Youcaneasilyconsumeabigglassofjuiceinminutes,gettingthesugarfromseveralfruitsbutnoneofthefiberthathelpsyoufeelfullandslowsdigestion.Ajuicingdietdoesnotcleanyourbody.Theideathatamulti-dayjuicedietcanremovetoxins(毒素)fromyourbodyhasnoscientificsupport.A2015reviewfoundnosolidevidencethat“cleaning”dietshelpwithweightmanagementortoxinremoval.Yourbody’scleaningorgansalreadyremovewastecontinuously.39Juicingisn'tharmfulwhendonesensibly(明智地).Ifyouenjoyjuicing,afewadjustmentscantipthebalancetowardbenefit.Choosemorevegetablesthanfruit.40Anddrinkitfresh:thehealthvaluedropsthelongerjuicesits.A.Drinktoyourheart'scontent.B.Treatjuiceasaside,notameal.C.Nojuiceimprovesonthatprocess.D.Butitalsocomeswithrealtrade-offs.E.Thisdifferencemattersmorethanitmightseem.F.Howjuiceaffectsbloodsugarvariesbyfruitandvolume.G.Howdifferentfruitsbenefitpeoplevariesfrompersontoperson.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihavealwaysbelievedinmyself.Myparentshelpedme41asenseofprideandconfidence,andtaughtmeandmybrotherthatwecouldbethe42atanything.Winningissecondnaturetome.Inevereventhoughtof43.Inhighschool,I44weekly——ifnotdaily——thatonedayIwasgoingtobetheheavyweightchampionoftheworld.Aspartofmyboxingtraining,Iwouldrundownthestreet,tellingeveryoneIwasgoingtowinagoldmedal.Ineverthoughtofthe45offailing——onlyofthefameandgloryIwasgoingtogetwhenIwon.WhenIannouncedthatIwasthegreatestofalltime,Ibelievedinmyself.Throughoutmyentireboxingcareer,mybeliefinmyabilities46methroughanyopponent'sskill.My47wasstrongerthantheirskills.WhatIdidn'tknowwasthatitwouldbetestedevenmorewhenIretired.In1984,IwasunfortunatelydiagnosedwithParkinson'sdisease(帕金森病).Sincethen,mysymptomshaveworsenedandmyabilitytospeakclearlyhas48.Iftherewereanythingthatwouldshakemyself-belief,itwouldbethisdisease.ButmydeterminationtolivelifethewayIchoosewon'tbe49.Inearly1996,Iwasaskedtolightthetorch(火炬)attheSummerOlympicGamesinAtlanta.Inevereventhoughtabouthowmyconditionwould50myperformance.Whenthemomentcameformetowalkout,Irealizedtheworldwas51everymoveImade.IalsorealizedthatasIheldtheOlympictorchhigh,my52hadtakenover.Justatthatmoment,Iheardacheerinthestadiumthatturnedinto53applause.Iwasremindedofmy1960Olympicexperience,andIrealizedthatmy54hadbeentrulyextraordinary.Nothinginlifehas55me.Iamstillthegreatest.41.A.bringout B.buildup C.passon D.resultin42.A.best B.strongest C.finest D.brightest43.A.quitting B.waiting C.losing D.escaping44.A.complained B.declared C.suggested D.wondered45.A.necessity B.history C.possibility D.advantage46.A.carried B.rushed C.sustained D.pushed47.A.strength B.memory C.will D.wealth48.A.improved B.declined C.remained D.disappeared49.A.taken B.ignored C.shaken D.restored50.A.affect B.improve C.reflect D.measure51.A.judging B.watching C.recording D.expecting52.A.aching B.trembling C.struggling D.suffering53.A.rising B.thunderous C.final D.brief54.A.journey B.challenge C.performance D.achievement55.A.defeated B.surprised C.followed D.changed第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IntheGuangzhouGrandTheatre,internationallyrecognizedartistShenWeiwillpresenthisnewmasterpiece,MindScape,togetherwithartistsfrombothChinaandtheUnitedStates.56(combine)moderndancewithtraditionalChinesemusic,livepaintingandspecialcostumes,thisproductionreflectsShen'sdecades-longartistic57(explore).Shen,aNewYork-basedartist,58(know)forhisworkattheopeningceremonyofthe2008OlympicGamesinBeijing.Althoughhehasspentmorethan30yearsabroad,hereturnstoGuangdongModernDanceCompany59(create)MindScape.Thecreationoftheworkcrossestwocontinents.Lastyear,Shen60(begin)experimentalworkshopsintheUnitedStates,61hedevelopedmovementvocabularieswithAmericandancerswhileworkingwithChinesemusiciansplayingtraditionalChineseinstruments62GuqinandXiao.Livepaintingisanotherfeature:thestageflooris63(full)coveredincanvas(画布),allowingdancerstoleavetouchesofcolorandinkthroughmovement.“Everyperformancebecomesa‘MindScape’paintingreconnectingtraditionwiththepresent,”hesays.ThecostumesinMindScapereflectthesameidea.Thedesignsadoptbamboo64(element)thatrepresenttoughnessandflexibilityofascholar(学者)inChineseculture——qualitiescentraltothephilosophybehindMindScape.Shendescribedtheworkas65attempttoexpressChinesephilosophicalideasthroughacontemporaryartisticform.第四部分文学素养(满分25分)第一节名著阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。A.Drawn B.clearing C.sprang D.chargingforwardE.Aboard F.immediately G.back H.fallingI.circlingaround J.pressing K.strangely注意：1.每个选项只能使用一次；2.方框中有一个多余选项。FoggandPassepartouthadbeentravellingseveralhoursintheforestwhenthesunset.Suddenly,theelephantKiounibecame66restless,raisedhistrunkandsloweddown.Fromafar,faintatfirstthenlouder,cameastrange,continuousdrumming(鼓声).ThentheysawAoudabeing67likeananimalthroughthedarkeningforest.Foggwastoldthebandit(强盗)kingwouldburnheratnextsunrise.Nearlydawn,thebanditsbroughtAoudatoawide68,forcingherontoapileofburningwood.Fogg69upright,racedoutintotheclearingandshouted,“I'mnothavingit!Thissimplywon'tdo!”Thebanditssawhim,onereachingforhisarrow.JaiandPassepartout70climbedontotheelephant'sneck,crashingfromtheforestedgeand71.Theelephantthrewthebanditsintoconfusion.Loudand72shoutsrangoutastheybackedaway.Aoudawastakenupwards—Kiouni’strunkliftingherfromtheburningwoodontohis73.TheyracedbacktopickupFoggasthebandits'arrowskept74aroundthem.ShakingAouda’shand,Foggexclaimed,“Welcome75!We’veatrainto