2025-2026学年河南郑州市六年级语文下册期末模拟试卷（含参考答案解析与作文范文）

六年级语文下册期末模拟试卷2025-2026学年河南郑州市六年级语文下册期末模拟试卷（含参考答案解析与作文范文）学校：________________班级：__________姓名：__________考号：__________考试时间：120分钟满分：120分试卷页数：试题与答案合订适用：期末综合模拟注意事项：1．请用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，保持卷面整洁；2．答题前请填写学校、班级、姓名和考号；3．主观题应写清思路，作文不得抄袭阅读材料；4．本卷共四大题，22小题，满分120分。题项积累与运用古诗文阅读现代文阅读作文分值20分20分30分50分一、积累与运用（1—6题，共20分）1．看拼音，写词语。（4分）（1）páihuái（）（2）míngmèi（）（3）qīngcuì（）（4）yánjùn（）（5）fángyù（）（6）zhēnchá（）（7）xīshuài（）（8）zhùhè（）2．下列各组词语中，加点字读音和字形完全正确的一项是（）。（3分）A．间断（jiān）书藉翻箱倒柜司空见惯B．剥削（xuē）通宵截然不同万不得已C．栅栏（zhà）僻静见微知著不可思义D．追悼（diào）倾覆心平气和焉知非福3．依次填入下面句子横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是（）。（3分）郑州的春天来得并不张扬。清晨的街角，梧桐新叶在微风中________，校园里的读书声________，操场边的玉兰花悄悄________，像给即将毕业的同学送上一份温柔的祝福。A．摇曳清脆绽放B．摇晃清晰开放C．摇摆清亮盛开D．飘动清幽展开4．按要求完成句子练习。（4分）（1）把下面的句子改成转述句。（2分）老师对同学们说：“明天的语文实践活动，请大家带好采访记录本。”________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2）用修改符号在原句上修改病句，或把修改后的句子写在横线上。（2分）通过这次参观黄河博物馆，使我更加了解了郑州的历史文化。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．根据积累填空。（4分）（1）《马诗》中借骏马抒发建功立业愿望的诗句是：“________________，________________。”（2）《石灰吟》中表现诗人坚守高洁品格的诗句是：“________________，________________。”（3）“树欲静而风不止，________________”提醒我们要及时尽孝、珍惜亲情。（4）读书时，我们要像朱自清先生所写那样追问时间的去处：“过去的日子如轻烟，________________，如薄雾，________________。”6．综合性学习。（2分）毕业季，班级要制作“成长纪念册”。请你为一位同学写一则毕业赠言，要求真诚得体，至少使用一种修辞手法，不少于40字。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、古诗文阅读（7—11题，共20分）阅读下面的古诗文，完成7—11题。材料一：石灰吟千锤万凿出深山，烈火焚烧若等闲。粉骨碎身浑不怕，要留清白在人间。材料二：学弈弈秋，通国之善弈者也。使弈秋诲二人弈，其一人专心致志，惟弈秋之为听；一人虽听之，一心以为有鸿鹄将至，思援弓缴而射之。虽与之俱学，弗若之矣。为是其智弗若与？曰：非然也。7．解释下列加点词语的意思。（4分）（1）烈火焚烧若等闲：________________（2）通国之善弈者也：________________（3）思援弓缴而射之：________________（4）弗若之矣：________________8．把下列句子翻译成现代汉语。（4分）（1）粉骨碎身浑不怕，要留清白在人间。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2）为是其智弗若与？曰：非然也。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9．材料一表面写石灰的烧制过程，实际上表达了诗人怎样的志向？（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10．材料二中两个人同跟弈秋学习，结果不同。请用原文语句分别概括两人的学习状态。（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11．联系两则材料和自己的学习生活，谈谈你获得的启示。（4分）____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三、现代文阅读（12—20题，共30分）阅读（一）黄河滩上的泡桐①暮春时节，从郑州市区向北望去，黄河滩上的泡桐像一排排精神的守望者。它们的树干并不华丽，树皮有些粗糙，叶子却大而舒展，风一吹，像一面面绿色的小旗。每到花期，淡紫色的花串挂满枝头，清香不浓，却能让经过的人放慢脚步。②泡桐在中原并不稀奇。老一辈人喜欢在院墙边、田埂旁栽几棵泡桐，因为它生长快，几年工夫就能成材；根系发达，能固土保墒；树冠高阔，又不太遮挡庄稼生长。过去，许多村庄的课桌、箱柜和小推车上，都有泡桐木的影子。它轻、不易变形，还带着淡淡的木香。③黄河滩区风大、土沙多，年轻的树苗要站稳脚跟并不容易。护林员给泡桐培土、修枝，还要防治虫害。有人问：“种树这么慢，值得吗？”护林员笑着说：“树长起来，风沙就少一点；风沙少一点，庄稼就稳一点；庄稼稳一点，人的心也就安一点。”这句话听起来朴素，却把人与自然相处的道理说得明明白白。④近些年，郑州沿黄生态廊道不断完善。周末，越来越多的市民骑车、散步、观鸟。孩子们在树荫下辨认叶形，老人们坐在木椅上聊天。泡桐不再只是“成材的树”，也成了城市生活的一部分。它把村庄、河流和城市连接起来，让人们在忙碌中想起脚下这片土地。⑤一棵树的力量看似有限，可成片的树会改变风向；一次护林的脚步看似普通，可长久坚持就会留下绿色的痕迹。黄河滩上的泡桐告诉我们：真正的成长，不是只向上伸展枝叶，也要向下扎稳根须。12．短文围绕“泡桐”写了哪几方面内容？请简要概括三点。（3分）____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13．第②自然段画线部分“轻、不易变形，还带着淡淡的木香”说明了泡桐木哪些特点？这样写有什么作用？（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________14．第③自然段中护林员的话运用了反复的句式，请说说表达效果。（3分）____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________15．联系全文，理解第⑤自然段“真正的成长，不是只向上伸展枝叶，也要向下扎稳根须”的含义。（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________16．如果为沿黄生态廊道设计一条宣传语，请结合短文内容写一句，要求简洁、有号召力。（2分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________阅读（二）借书卡上的星星①六年级下学期的第一周，班级图书角重新整理。旧书被擦去灰尘，书脊朝外排得整整齐齐。班主任林老师发给每人一张借书卡，卡片背面有一片空白，说：“读完一本书，就在这里画一颗星。星星不是给别人看的，是提醒你自己：你曾经和一本书认真相处过。”②我把卡片夹进语文书里，起初并不在意。那段时间，模拟测试、毕业合影、社团汇演一件接一件，我总觉得没有完整的时间读书。课间，同桌阿澄常捧着一本厚厚的书，读到会心处还会轻轻笑。我问他：“你哪来这么多时间？”他说：“时间像抽屉，总能理出一小格。”我听了不服气，却也偷偷把一本《城南旧事》放进书包。③第一次认真读，是在一个下雨的傍晚。公交车走走停停，车窗上挂着细密的水珠。我翻开书，读着读着，周围的嘈杂声像退到很远的地方。书里的人物有欢笑，也有离别。我忽然想起，自己也快要离开熟悉的校园了，心里酸酸的。回到家，我在借书卡背面画下第一颗星，星角有点歪，却亮得认真。④后来，我开始利用碎片时间阅读。等饭时读几页，睡前读几页，做完值日也读几页。卡片上的星星慢慢多起来，有的圆润，有的尖细，有的挤在角落里，像一群悄悄聚会的小伙伴。每画一颗星，我都会写下一句最想记住的话。那些句子像细小的种子，落在心里，等着发芽。⑤毕业前夕，班里举办“把一本书推荐给未来的自己”活动。轮到我时，我举起那张借书卡。上面只有十二颗星，并不算多，却记录了十二次安静的相遇。我说：“以前我以为读书要等大块时间，现在我知道，真正重要的事，不会因为时间零碎就失去意义。只要愿意开始，一页纸也能把人带到更远的地方。”⑥掌声响起时，我看见林老师在教室后面微笑。窗外的香樟叶被风吹得沙沙响，像在翻动一本更大的书。我把借书卡夹进毕业纪念册里。也许很多年后，星星的颜色会变淡，可我会记得：那年春天，我学会了把零散的光收集起来，照亮自己向前走的路。17．请按照事情发展顺序，补全“我”对借书卡态度或做法的变化。（4分）起初并不在意→__________________→__________________→毕业前夕郑重分享________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________18．品读第③自然段中“星角有点歪，却亮得认真”一句，说说你的理解。（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19．第④自然段把“句子”比作“细小的种子”，这样写有什么好处？（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________20．短文结尾说“我学会了把零散的光收集起来，照亮自己向前走的路”。结合全文和自己的经历，谈谈你对这句话的理解。（4分）____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________四、作文（21—22题，共50分）21．小作文。（10分）学校将于6月20日下午3点在报告厅举行六年级毕业典礼彩排，请各班每名同学穿校服、佩戴红领巾，提前10分钟到场。请你以“郑州市阳光小学六年级组”的名义，写一则通知。要求格式正确，内容完整，语言简洁。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________22．大作文。（40分）题目：那一次，我读懂了________提示：成长路上，我们会在一次鼓励、一次告别、一次失败、一次劳动、一次阅读中读懂某个人、某件事或某种情感。请把题目补充完整，写一篇记叙文。要求：内容具体，感情真实，语句通顺；能通过细节表现人物或事件；不少于450字；文中不得出现真实校名、人名。作文作答区：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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参考答案与解析一、积累与运用1．答案：徘徊、明媚、清脆、严峻、防御、侦察、蟋蟀、祝贺。解析：本题考查常用词语的拼读和书写。注意“徘徊”的偏旁均为双人旁，“严峻”的“峻”不要写成“竣”，“侦察”的“察”下部是“祭”，“蟋蟀”两字均为虫字旁。每空0.5分。2．答案：B。解析：A项“间断”应读jiàn，“书藉”应为“书籍”；C项“不可思义”应为“不可思议”；D项“追悼”应读dào。B项读音、字形均正确。3．答案：A。解析：“新叶在微风中摇曳”更能写出轻柔的姿态；“读书声清脆”符合校园清晨的声音特点；“花朵绽放”搭配自然，富有画面感。4．（1）老师对同学们说，明天的语文实践活动，请大家带好采访记录本。解析：转述时去掉引号，冒号改逗号，“明天”保留在具体语境中可不变，“大家”可保留，也可改为“同学们”。（2）这次参观黄河博物馆，使我更加了解了郑州的历史文化。或：通过这次参观黄河博物馆，我更加了解了郑州的历史文化。解析：原句缺少主语，应删去“通过”或“使”。5．（1）何当金络脑，快走踏清秋。（2）粉骨碎身浑不怕，要留清白在人间。（3）子欲养而亲不待。（4）被微风吹散了，被初阳蒸融了。解析：本题考查诗文与名句积累，书写要准确，错别字酌情扣分。6．示例：愿你像清晨的玉兰，在新的校园里继续绽放；愿我们的友谊像黄河水一样长久。无论走到哪里，都别忘了并肩读书、奔跑和欢笑的日子。评分点：赠言对象明确，语言真诚得体1分；使用修辞且不少于40字1分。二、古诗文阅读7．答案：（1）平常。（2）全国。（3）引，拉。（4）不如。解析：解释文言词语要结合句意，“等闲”在诗中指平常，“通国”指全国，“援”是引、拉的意思，“弗若”即不如。8．（1）即使粉身碎骨也完全不害怕，只要把高尚的节操留在人世间。（2）是因为他的智力不如前一个人吗？回答说：不是这样的。解析：翻译时要抓住关键词，“浑”是全、完全，“清白”既指石灰颜色，也象征高洁品格；“为是”可译为“是因为这样吗”，“非然也”译为“不是这样的”。9．答案要点：诗人借石灰经历千锤万凿、烈火焚烧、粉骨碎身仍留下清白，表达自己不畏艰难、不怕牺牲、坚守高洁节操和清白操守的志向。解析：本题考查托物言志。不能只答“写石灰”，应写出石灰品质与人的志向之间的联系。10．答案：第一人“专心致志，惟弈秋之为听”；第二人“虽听之，一心以为有鸿鹄将至，思援弓缴而射之”。解析：题目要求用原文语句概括，答案应从材料二中直接提取，分别对应两人的学习状态。11．示例：材料一告诉我做人要有坚定的志向和清白的品格，遇到困难不能轻易退缩；材料二告诉我学习要专心致志，不能三心二意。联系自己的学习，我要在复习中静下心来，既要坚持正确目标，也要把每一道题、每一次阅读认真完成。评分点：能联系两则材料2分，能结合学习生活2分。三、现代文阅读12．答案示例：写了泡桐的外形和花香；写了泡桐在中原生活中的用途和特点；写了黄河滩区护林种树的意义；还写了泡桐与沿黄生态廊道、城市