2025~2026学年河南省郑州市外国语学校等校高一下学期5月期中英语试卷

2025~2026学年河南省郑州市外国语学校等校高一下学期5月期中英语试卷一、阅读理解Lookingtospotashootingstar?Thesetopstargazingdestinationsoffertheperfectbackdrop.Bringyourfamilyalongandintroducethemtothespectacularnightsky.Herearefourplacestoexperienceastar-filledlandscape.Sossusvlei,NamibiaStayatLittleKulala,aneco-friendlyhotelinthedesert.ItusessolarpowerandislocatedinthelargeKulalaWildernessReserve.YoucanrideinaLandRovertolookforanimalssuchasspringbok,ostrichandoryx.Youcanalsotakeahot-airballoontoseetheNamibDesert,whichistheoldestdesertintheworld.Afteradayofexploring,relaxinyoursmallprivatepool.Atnight,youcanevensleepontherooftopandwatchshootingstarsandtheMilkyWayaboveyou.DeathValleyNationalPark,CaliforniaDeathValleyNationalParkcovers3.4millionacres.Itscleanairandlargeopenspacesmakeitawonderfulplacetowatchshootingstars,meteorshowers,andmanyconstellations.Peopleintheareaworkhardtoreducelightpollutionsothenightskystaysdark.Inwinter,parkrangersofferprogramsthatteachvisitorsaboutstarsandspace.Rome,ItalyForafunfamilyactivity,visitSofitelRomaVillaBorgheseforaneveningpicnicandstargazing.YoucanlearnaboutconstellationsandplanetsthatwerenamedbyancientRomanastronomers.Thehotelisinaformer19th-centurypalaceandisclosetofamousculturalsitesandparksinthecity.NaturalBridgesNationalMonument,UtahThisparkhassomeofthedarkestskiesintheUnitedStates.ItwasthefirstplacetoreceivetheInternationalDarkSkyParkcertification.Hugenaturalstonebridgescreatebeautiful“windows”whereyoucanlookthroughtoseethestars,justlikethePueblopeopledid800yearsago.OneofthemostamazingviewsistheMilkyWayrisingaboveOwachomoBridge.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutSossusvlei,Namibia?

A．Itboaststhelargestdesertintheworld.B．Thehotelthereoffersbedroomsforstargazing.C．Touristscancatchsightofallkindsofwildanimalsthere.D．Touristshavethechancetoviewthedesertfromvariousangles.2.WhatcanbeinferredaboutNaturalBridgesNationalMonumentasastargazingsite?

A．Educationalprogramsaboutstarsandspaceareavailable.B．Thenaturalrockformationsenhancetheviewingexperience.C．Thelocalshavemadehugeeffortstopreservethedarknights.D．ItistheonlyplacetoholdtheInternationalDarkSkyParkcertification.3.Afamilywhowantsbothculturalsightseeingduringthedayandstargazingatnightwouldmostlikelychoose________.

A．Sossusvlei,NamibiaB．DeathValleyNationalPark,CaliforniaC．Rome,ItalyD．NaturalBridgesNationalMonument,UtahCharlesRobertDarwinwasbornon12February1809inShropshire,England.Darwin’schildhoodpassionwasscience,andhisinterestinchemistry,however,wasclear;hewasevennicknamed‘Gas’byhisclassmates.In1825,hisfathersenthimtostudymedicineatEdinburghUniversity,wherehelearnedhowtoclassifyplants.DarwinbecamepassionateaboutnaturalhistoryandthisbecamehisfocuswhilehestudiedatCambridge.DarwinwentonavoyagetogetherwithRobertFitzroy,thecaptainofHMSBeagle,toSouthAmericatofacilitateBritishtradeinPatagonia.Thejourneywaslife-changing.Darwinspentmuchofthetriponlandcollectingsamplesofplants,animalsandrocks,whichhelpedhimtodevelopanunderstandingoftheprocessesthatshapetheEarth’ssurface.Darwin’sanalysisoftheplantsandanimalsthathegatheredledhimtoexpressdoubtsonformerexplanationsabouthowspeciesformedandevolvedovertime.Darwin’sworkconvincedhimthatnaturalselectionwaskeytounderstandingthedevelopmentofthenaturalworld.Thetheoryofnaturalselectionsaysthatindividualsofaspeciesaremorelikelytosurvivewhentheyinherit(经遗传获得)characteristicsbestsuitedforthatspecificenvironment.Thesefeaturesthenbecomemorewidespreadandcanleadeventuallytothedevelopmentofanewspecies.Withnaturalselection,Darwinarguedhowawidevarietyoflifeformsdevelopedovertimefromasinglecommonancestor.Darwinmarriedhiscousin,EmmaWedgwood,in1839.WhenDarwin’seldestdaughter,Annie,diedfromasuddenillnessin1851,helosthisbeliefinGod.Histenthandfinalchild,CharlesWaringDarwin,wasbornin1856.SignificantlyforDarwin,thisbabywasdisabled,alteringhowDarwinthoughtaboutthehumanspecies.Darwinhadpreviouslythoughtthatspeciesremainedadapteduntiltheenvironmentchanged;henowbelievedthateverynewvariationwasimperfectandthatastruggletosurvivewaswhatdrovespeciestoadapt.Thoughrejectedatthebeginning,Darwin’stheoryofevolutionbynaturalselectionisnowadayswellacceptedbythescientificcommunityasthebestevidence-basedexplanationforthediversityandcomplexityoflifeonEarth.TheNaturalHistoryMuseum’slibraryalonehas478editionsofhisOntheOriginofSpeciesin38languages.4.WhatmadeDarwinreconsidertheoriginanddevelopmentofspecies?

A．Examiningplantsandanimalscollected.B．Hisdesireforavoyagetodifferentcontinents.C．ClassifyingsamplesinajourneytoSouthAmerica.D．HispassionfornaturalhistoryatEdinburghUniversity.5.Wecanlearnfromparagraphs1to3thatDarwin________.

A．usednaturalselectiontodevelopnewspeciesB．enjoyedbeingcallednicknamesrelatedtoscienceC．learnedsomeknowledgeaboutplantswhenstudyingmedicineD．arguedwithothersoverthediversityoflifeformsforalongperiod6.WhichofthefollowingchangedDarwin’sviewonthehumanspecies?

A．Thathehadtenchildreninall.B．Hisyoungestson’sbeingdisabled.C．Thathelosthiseldestdaughter.D．HismarriagewithEmmaWedgwood.7.Thispassageismainlyabout________.

A．Darwin’spassionformedicalscienceB．Darwin’stheoryandexperimentsC．CharlesDarwin’schanginginterestD．CharlesDarwin’slifeandworkThosewhohadthepleasureofwatchingBennyGoodmanatworksawaratherordinary-lookingmaninrimlessglassesandaconservativebusinesssuit;buttheyalsosawahumanbeingwhocouldplaytheclarinet(单簧管)likenoonebeforeorsince.ThismadeBennyGoodmanauniqueindividual.OtherAmericanswhohavestoodoutfromtheflockincludeJoeDiMaggio,BeverlySill,ErnestHemingwayandJonasSalk.They,likeBennyGoodman,wererecognizedandhonoredfornootherreasonthanexcellence.Itisdoingsomethingbetterthanotherpeoplethatmakesusunique.Yetasurprisingnumberofpeoplestillseeindividualityasasurfacething.Theyweargarishclothes,dyetheirhairstrangecolorsanddecoratetheirskinwithtattoostomakesomekindofsocialstatement.Butanordinaryguywhohasdyedhishairpurpleororangeisnothingmorethanthesamepersonwithafunny-lookinghead.Thewholepurposeofindividualityisexcellence.Thosewhoinvent,whoimprovise(即兴发挥),whoknowmoreaboutasubjectthanotherpeopledo,andwhotakesomethingthatdoesn’tworkandmakeitwork––thesepeoplearetheverysoulofcapitalism.CharlesKetteringdidn’tliketheideaofcrankingacartomakeitstart,soheinventedtheelectricstarter.HenryFordfiguredouttheassembly-linetechniqueandmadeitpossibletomass-produceautomobiles,andElishaOtis,inventoroftheelevator,indirectlycreatedthecitysky-line.Thesepeopleunderstoodthatindividualismmeansworkingatthetopofone’scapacity.Theoneswiththepurplehairandthefunkyjewelryarejustalongfortheride,tryingtobe“different”andnotknowinghowtogoaboutit.ThestudentwhoearnsstraightA’sonhisreportcardhasgraspedtheideaandhasfoundtherealmeaningofindividuality.Sohastheyoungsterwhohasdesignedhisownspaceship,whogivespianorecitals,whopaintspicturesoftheworldaroundhim.BennyGoodmanunderstoodittoo.Thisiswhyhewasathisbest,blowinghisclarinet,inabluesuitandblackshoes.8.TheauthormentionstheappearanceofBennyGoodmanto_________.

A．showwhatatalentedmusicianshouldlooklikeB．introduceanimportantfigureinthemusicalworldC．contrastwithhistalentinmusicperformanceD．indicatethathecan’tstandoutfromtheflock9.Theauthorwouldmostprobablyagreethat_________.

A．anindividualisttendstoseekdifferencebothincharacterandappearanceB．theessenceofindividualismliesinpursuingexcellencetothefullC．beingdifferentinappearanceistheveryfirststeptobeingindividualD．thosewhostrivetowintherecognitionofothersarerealindividualists10.Accordingtothepassage,whichindividual’sactionsmaynottrulyembodytheessenceofindividualism?

A．Ascientistwhoconductsresearchsolelyadvancingknowledgeforthegreatergoodratherthanforpersonalrecognition.B．Asocialmediainfluencerwhoconformstopopularopinionstomaintainalargefollowing.C．Anartistwhocreatesuniqueworksbutfailtogainfameandrecognitionfromothers.D．Anentrepreneurwhoprioritizesethicalconsiderationsoverprofitinhisbusinesspractices.11.Forthemainthread,thearticleisorganizedbywayof__________.

A．specifictogeneralB．causeandeffectC．examplesandconclusionD．comparisonandcontrastArchaeologistsworkinginEgypt’sNileDeltamayhavediscoveredastructuredatingbackaround2,600yearswhiletestinganewtechnologydesignedtolocatestructuresburieddeepbeneaththesurface.TheteamwasstudyingtheButosite,theruinsofanancientcitythatwasoccupiedfromthePredynasticperiodtotheEarlyIslamicera.Duringitslonghistory,Butowasbuilt,destroyed,andrebuilt,andconsequentlyhasseverallayers,eachpotentiallyarichsourceofarchaeologicalremains.However,theoldestpartsofthecityarenowburiedbeneathlaterruinsandthickmuddeposits.Thiswouldmaketraditionaldiggingdifficult,time-consuming,andexpensive,asarchaeologistshavetomovelargetonsofdebrisorstrugglewithgroundwatertoreachlowerlevels.Theresearchersweretrialinganintegratedapproachthatusessatelliteradarandelectricalresistivitytomography(ERT).TheteamstartedwithSentinel-1radarsatellitestoidentifylarge-scaleanomalies(异常事物)fromspace.Whenitdetectedsomethingofinterest,theyfollowedupwithERT,whichsendselectricalcurrentsbetweenaseriesofelectrodesplacedinthegroundtocreateathree-dimensionalmodelofsubsurfacestructuresbasedonhowdifferentmaterialsconductorresistelectricity.Thistechniquehasbeenlikenedtoanunderground”CTscan".Thescansshowedthatwhiletheupperlayerscontainedremainsfromlaterhistoricalperiods,alarge,well-definedstructurelayatadepthofbetweenthreeandsixmeters,datingbackabout2,600years.Atthisstage,theresearchersthoughtitcouldbealargetombortemple.Guidedbytheseresults,theycarriedoutasmallexcavation(挖掘),whichuncoveredmudbrickwallsandreligiousartifactswherethesensorshadpredicted.Theresultsofthisstudydemonstratetheeffectivenessofcombininggeophysicalmeasurementsandremotesensingdata,whichcanaccuratelydetectburiedsettlementsinacomplexregion.Theresearchersnowplantoexpandthesesurveyswithlargerequipmenttoreachevendeeper,olderlevelsandtheybelievetheirintegratedapproachcanbeusedtomapotherarchaeologicalsitesbeforeanyonehastopickupashovel.12.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthetechnologyusedinthestudy?

A．Touncoverancientartifactswithoutdisturbingthesite.B．Toassistarchaeologistsinidentifyingwheretoexcavate.C．ToexaminethehistoricallayersoftheButositeindetail.D．Toreplacetraditionalexcavationwithadvancedimagingtools.13.WhyistraditionalexcavationatButoconsideredchallenging?

A．Thesitecontainsremainsfrommultiplehistoricalperiods.B．Themudbrickstructuresaretoofragiletosurviveexcavation.C．Theequipmentrequiredisnotavailableforlarge-scaledigging.D．Thedeeperlayersarehiddenbeneathlaterdepositsandgroundwater.14.Whatistheroleofelectricalresistivitytomography(ERT)intheresearch?

A．Itgeneratesa3Dimageofundergroundstructures.B．Itdetectslarge-scaleanomaliesfromsatelliteimages.C．Itremovesobstaclesthatblockaccesstodeeperlayers.D．Itdetermineswhetherasitecontainsvaluableartifacts.15.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheintegratedapproachusedbytheresearchers?

A．Itwillcompletelyreplacetraditionalexcavation.B．Itenablesmoreefficientarchaeologicalexploration.C．Itismainlyusefulforstudyingsurface-levelremains.D．Itcombinessatelliteradarwithground-basedmethods.Eachnight,astheworldquiets,thebodyslipsintosleep.16.Yet,whentreatingsleepassacred,notoptional,youtransformthesimpleactintoaspiritualpracticethatnurturesbothbodyandsouleachnight.CircadianrhythmassacredrhythmCircadianrhythm,yourbody’snaturalclock,regulatesyoursleep,appetite,mood,andenergy.It’srecommendedtosupportyourinternalrhythmbyturningeveningsintointentional,restorativepractices.Warm,dimlighting,calmingsoundsandscents,andphone-freemomentssignalyourbodyandmindthatit’stimetounwind.17.AchanceforyoursoultoplayWhileyousleep,yoursoulgetstodowhatitcan’tduringdailylife.Sometimes,youmayfindrenewalthroughstillness,allowingthespirittorecharge.18.Attimes,yourinnerlandscapemaybringgentlemessagesofreassurance,wisdomandunseensupportfromlovedonesorspiritguides.Sleepasaformofmeditation(冥想)Likemeditation,sleepoffersaquietinwardpathforspiritualhealingandinnerawareness.Dreamsactasmirrorsofthesubconscious,revealingemotionalpatternsandunspokentruths.19.Itcanclearmentalburdensandalloweachdaytobeginwithrenewedclarity.20Dreamsprovidecreativeinspirationandcanactasspiritualguides.Bynoticingpatterns,symbols,andrepeatedthemes,youcanuncoverinsightsintoyouremotions,challenges,andlifepath.Sometraditionsevenviewdreamsasaformofcommunionwithhigherconsciousness,offeringguidanceandsubtlemessagesthatsupportpersonalgrowth.

A．AmirrorofdailylifeB．Dreams’workandinnerguidanceC．SleepalsoservesasamentalresetD．ThisstateofdeeprestiswhentruehealingbeginsE．ItisoftenviewedmerelyasaroutinephysicalnecessityF．ThesecozysensorycuesnaturallyharmonizeourinnerclockG．Onothernights,yoursoulmaywander,exploringtheimagination二、完形填空ThepeopleoftheMakahNationhavelivedonWashingtonState’sOlympicPeninsulaforthousandsofyears.TheycallthemselvesKwi-dich-cha-at,which21“peoplewholivebyrocksandseagulls.”TheshorternameofMakah,giventothembyneighboringNativeAmericanpeoples,means“generouswithfood.”BeforethewhitesettlersarrivedintheAmericanNorthwest,theMakahhuntedgrayandhumpbackwhalesfromcanoesmadefromthewesternredcedartree.Whales22meat,blubber(鲸脂),andboneforfood,oil,andutensils.TheMakahenjoyedalivelytradeinwhaleproductswithotherNativeAmericansandlaterwithanintensityandefficiencythatquickly23thenumbersofthesecreatures.TheMakahrelationshiptothewhales,ontheotherhand,wasasmuch24asmaterial.Whalesandwhalingwere25intheirsongsanddances.Imagesofwhaleswere26intoblanketsandbasketsandcarvedinstoneandwood.Bythe1920s,withlocalwhalesonthebrink(边缘)of27,theMakahstoppedhuntingthemaltogether.Through28preservationmeasures,whalesreturnedtothewatersofftheOlympicPeninsulasoon.Inthe1970s,archeologistsdiscoveredmanyobjectsthatconfirmedthelongandsignificantrelationshipbetweentheMakahandwhales.Thisawareness29aculturalresurgence(复兴)thatincludedafocusontraditionalfoodsandthehealthproblemsthatsomepeoplelinkedtochangesintheMakahdiet,especiallythe30ofseamammalmeatfromit.Eventually,theMakahdecidedtoresumehuntingwhales.31theirplansfacedstrongoppositionfromdifferentgroups,theycitedan1885treaty(条约)signedwiththeUSgovernmentthat32therighttocontinuethispractice.Afteryearsofplanning,theMakahscheduledthefirsthuntforthelatefallof1998.Theysucceededinbringinginagraywhaleaboutsixmonthslater.TodaytheMakahhuntwhalesinthe33way.Diversenterthewaterandtiethekilledwhale’sjawsshuttopreventtheanimalfromsinking.Thewhalesarefinallytowedtoshoreandcutintopieces34traditionalrituals(仪式).TheblubberandmeatisdistributedamongMakahfamilies.Nopartofthewhalecanbesold35,althoughartifactsthatMakahcarversmakefrombonesareoftenavailableforpurchase.21.A．guidesB．boastsC．meansD．indicates22.A．providedB．producedC．confusedD．wasted23.A．decreasedB．increasedC．limitedD．divided24.A．artificialB．theoreticalC．spiritualD．physical25.A．rhythmB．subjectsC．influenceD．targets26.A．putB．transferredC．printedD．woven27.A．extinctionB．collapseC．destructionD．disaster28.A．simpleB．moderateC．aggressiveD．contemporary29.A．contributedtoB．addedtoC．referredtoD．respondedto30.A．abundanceB．disappearanceC．diversityD．familiarity31.A．UnlessB．BeforeC．IfD．Although32.A．demandedB．hadC．containedD．guaranteed33.A．convenientB．traditionalC．practicalD．proper34.A．withregardtoB．inaccordancewithC．inplaceofD．atthecostof35.A．globallyB．secretlyC．commerciallyD．cheaply三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Yiwu:Theworld’sSupermarketKnownlocallyasthecitythatneversleepsinbusiness,Yiwuhastransformedfromapoverty-stricken36(agriculture)countyintoaglobaltradinghubinjustfourdecades.Today,theYiwuInternationalTradeMarketcoversanareaofover6.4millionsquaremeters,37(house)morethan75,000shopsand2.1milliontypesofproducts.Everyyear,over600,000foreignbuyersvisitYiwu,about15,000of38choosetostayanddobusinessthere,makingYiwua39(true)internationalcity.40setsYiwuapartisitsabilitytoinnovate.Inrecentyears,it41(adopt)digitaltechnologyinitsmanagement.The“Chinagoods”onlineplatformallowsinternationalcustomerstoshopwithoutleavingtheiroffices.In2025,Yiwulauncheditssixth-generationmarket—theGlobalDigitalTradeCenter.Thisnewcenter,42(equip)withcutting-edgedigitalinfrastructure,enablesreal-timecommunicationandlivestreamingwith43(client)worldwide.Furthermore,theYiwu-Xinjiang-EuropeRailwayExpress,whichstartedin2014,shipsgoodstoover50countries,actingasamodern“ironcamelcaravan”.Byconstantlyadaptingtoglobaldemand,Yiwuprovesthatevenacity44directaccesstotheseacanbecome45vitallinkintheglobalsupplychain.Apopularsayingamonglocalmerchantscapturesthisinclusivespirit:“TherearenostrangersinYiwu—onlyfriendswhohaven’tdonebusinesstogetheryet.”四、书信写作46.假定你是李华。你的外国笔友Mark在邮件中说，学校摄影比赛中有幅作品因使用AI技术生成而被取消参评资格。请你回复邮件谈谈你对这一事件的看法及理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMark,Thanksforsharingthedisqualifiedphotocasewithme.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasabitterlycold,snow-chokedChristmasEvewhenYvonneWhitegotacallfromanunknownnumber.Astrange,calmvoiceontheotherendofthelinesaid,“Hi.Youdon’tknowme,butIhaveyourbrother.”ItwasAughtry,awomanwhowouldsoonbecomethelifelineforYvonne’sbrother,Joey—agentle,mentallydisabledmanwithadeeploveforbaseballandalifelongroutineasacinemacaretaker.Daysearlier,astheworstwinterstormindecadesboredown,YvonnehadrepeatedlywarnedJoeynottoleavehisgro