2026届云南保山市高三毕业生第二次模拟考试英语试卷

2026届云南保山市高三毕业生第二次模拟考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Bookscanopendoorstoscience,history,language,andeverydaylife.Thefollowingfourtitlesofferreadersdifferentbutequallyrewardingjourneys.ThePaleBlueDataPointAnEarth-BasedPerspectiveontheSearchforAlienLifeJonWillisThisbookexploreshowscientistssearchforlifebeyondEarth.Itintroducesplanets,spacetechnology,andthequestionsresearchersaskwhenlookingforunknownlifeintheuniverse.“Anenlighteningread...acharmingandapproachablelookathowscientistsarehuntingbeyondEarthforlifeunknowntous.”—GregoryJ.GburDecodingtheHandAHistoryofScience,Medicine,andMagicAlisonBashfordBashfordexamineshowpeopleacrosshistorystudiedthehand,believingthatitsshape,size,andlinescouldrevealhealth,personality,andevenfate.“Arichlydetailedandthought-provoking(发人深省的)historythatrevealshowthehandhasstoodatthecrossroadsofknowledge,belief,andculture.”—SimonSchaffer,UniversityofCambridgeTheWorldinaPhraseABriefHistoryoftheAphorism(格言)(SecondEdition)JamesGearyThisbooktracesthehistoryofshort,powerfulsayingsandexplainswhyaphorismsremainpopularinliteratureanddailycommunication.“Clear,lively,andfullofinsight,thisbookshowswhybriefsayingscontinuetoshapethewaywethinkandspeak.”—TheNewYorkTimesTheNotebookAHistoryofThinkingonPaperRolandAllenAllentellsthestoryofthenotebookandshowshowithashelpedtravelers,writers,scientists,andartistsrecordideasandshapetheirthinking.“Afascinatingaccountofaneverydayobjectthathasquietlyinfluencedthewaypeoplecollectknowledgeanddevelopideas.”—PublishersWeekly1.WhatisJonWillis’sbookmainlyabout?

A．ThehuntforlifeoutsideEarth.B．Themysteryofplanetformation.C．Thehistoryofhumanspaceflights.D．Thedevelopmentofspacetechnologies.2.WhoreviewedDecodingtheHand?

A．AlisonBashford.B．SimonSchaffer.C．JamesGeary.D．RolandAllen.3.Whatdothelasttwobookshaveincommon?

A．Theymixliteratureandscience.B．Theyteachcreativewritingskills.C．Theyimprovedailycommunication.D．Theyrelatetothinkingandexpression.Haveyoueverletcircumstancesconvinceyouthatyourdreamsareoutofreach?NancySolari’slifeisapowerfulanswertothatdoubt—sheturnedblindness,loss,andhardshipintoalifeofpurpose,provingthat“vision”haslittletodowithsight.At10,NancywatchedTheOprahWinfreyShowandknewshewantedtobeahost.ShelaterstudiedBroadcastingandPsychology,buildinganearlycareerinproductionandon-airreporting.Butat16,adiagnosisofRetinitisPigmentosa—adegenerativeeyedisease—changedeverything.Hervisionfadedslowly:first,readingtelepromptersbecameastruggle,thenfacesblurred,untilshewaslegallyblind.Shealsofaceddomesticviolence,familytensions,andpainfulpersonalloss,eachchallengestrengtheningherresilience.OnethingthatsetsNancyapartisthewaysheconnectswithpeopleininterviews.Insteadofdependingonprewrittennotes,shepreparesbylisteningcloselyandallowingguests’storiesofheartbreakandsuccesstoshapetheconversation.“Idon’treadnotes,”sheonceshared.“Thedialogueunfoldsnaturally,andguestsoftenfindittherapeutic.”Today,Nancy’sinfluencereachesfarbeyondbroadcasting.ShehostsTheLivingFullOutShow,aradioandTVplatformreachingmillions,andfoundedNonprofitMVP,aTVcompetitionthatoffersexposureandprizestoworthynonprofits.Asacoachandspeaker,sheencouragespeopletoturnobstaclesintoopportunities.ForNancy,“LivingFullOut”—herlife’smantra(信条)—meanstrustinginfaith,askingforhelpwhennecessary,andrefusingtoletadversitydefineherstory.Herjourneyteachesusatimelesslesson:Ourgreatestlimitationsareoftentheonesweaccept.Withpurposeandcourage,eventhedarkestchallengescanbecomethefoundationofourbrightestachievements.4.WhydoestheauthormentionTheOprahWinfreyShowinparagraph2?

A．Tointroducethehistoryofbroadcasting.B．ToshowNancy’searlyinterestinpsychology.C．ToidentifythesourceofNancy’scareerdream.D．TocompareNancy’shostingstylewithOprah’s.5.HowdoesNancymakeherinterviewsspecial?

A．Byusingdetailedprewrittennotes.B．Bydevelopingconversationsnaturally.C．Byinvitingfamousgueststohershow.D．Byfocusingonguests’successstories.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeNancy?

A．Determinedandinfluential.B．Humorousandrelaxed.C．Quietanddependent.D．Strictanddoubtful.7.Whatmessagedoesthistextmainlyconvey?

A．Mediaworkneedsspecialskills.B．Losscanpreventpersonalgrowth.C．Purposeandcouragebeathardship.D．Successdependsonpublicsupport.Whydopeopleoftenmakechoicesthatseemirrational(不理智的)?Considerthe“peanutseffect”:whenoffered$0.10forsureora10%chanceof$1,manypicktheriskyoption.Butifthestakes(份额)riseto$1,000vs.a10%chanceof$10,000,mostchoosetheguaranteedmoney.Thisreversalhaslongpuzzledeconomists,whooncevieweditasaweaknessinhumanreasoning.A2025studyinCognitivePsychologychallengesthatview,framingsuchbehaviorasanoptimizationstrategyratherthanamistake.LedbyDr.ZhangHang’steam,theresearchdevelopedan“AssemblableResource-RationalModules”(ARRM)framework,modelingdecision-makingasinformationprocessingwithlimitedcognitiveresources.Theteamtestedtwokeyhypotheses(假说).First,the“rationalinattention”assumption:brainsdevotemorefocustohigh-stakeschoices.Whenrewardsgrow,peopleinvestextracognitiveefforttoestimateprobabilitiesaccurately.Second,the“structuralprior”hypothesis:lifetimeexperienceteachesusthat“higherriskmeanshigherreturn,”soweleanonthisruleforsmallstakes.Analyzingnewandpublisheddata,theARRMframeworksuccessfullyexplainedthepeanutseffect’scorefeatures.“Whatlooksillogicalisactuallythebrain’swayofsavingresources,”Zhangexplains.Forsmallrewards,theefforttocalculateexactprobabilitiesisn’tworthit—soweusesimplerules.Forlargerewards,precisionbecomesvaluable.Thisresearchchangesourunderstandingofdecision-making:apparentanomaliesoftenreflectlogicalresourcemanagement.Itmayalsohelpdesignbetterfinancialadvice,tailoringguidancetohowpeoplenaturallyprocessriskandreward.8.Whatdoesthe“peanutseffect”referto?

A．Relianceonpastexperience.B．Shiftsinriskattitudewithrewardsize.C．Mistakesinhumanreasoning.D．Limitationsineconomicdecisions.9.Whatdoesthefirstassumptionsuggest?

A．Smallrewardsgetlesspopularity.B．Largerewardsaffectjudgment.C．Effortriseswithrewardvalue.D．Smallchoicesneedexactjudgment.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“anomalies”inparagraph5mostprobablymean?

A．Unusualcases.B．Commonhabits.C．Carefulplans.D．Mentalresources.11.Whatmighttheresearchbeappliedto?

A．Developingcognitivetraining.B．Avoidingdailyliferisks.C．Increasingrewardvalues.D．Offeringpersonalizedfinancialtips.Earth’smesosphere,alayeroftheatmospherefaraboveairplaneroutesandweathersystems,isfacingagrowingbutlittle-knownpollutionproblem:theburn-upofsatellitesduringre-entry.Morethan15,000satellitesarealreadycirclingEarth,andexpertsestimatethatanother70,000maybelaunchedby2030.Sincemostsatelliteshavelimitedlifetimes,manywilleventuallyfallbackthroughtheatmosphereandburnup.Scientistswarnthatthisprocessreleasesaluminumoxide,soot(煤烟),andotherreactivesubstancesintohighaltitudeswheretheireffectsarestillnotfullyunderstood.Aluminumisamajormaterialinsatellites,makingupabout40percentofatypicalone.Whenasatelliteburns,muchofthisaluminumturnsintoalumina(氧化铝),asubstancethatmayweakentheozonelayer,whichprotectslifeonEarthfromharmfulultravioletradiation.Anotherconcernissoot.Althoughfarlesssootreachesthemesospherethanlowerlevelsoftheatmosphere,itcanremainthereforyears,absorbsunlight,andtrapheat.A2022studysuggestedthatsootatsuchheightsmayhaveawarmingeffecthundredsoftimesstrongerthansootreleasedbycarsneartheground.Whatworriesresearchersevenmoreisthespeedofchange.Before2020,emissionsofmetalsandsootfromsatellitere-entrieswererisingatabout6percentayear.After2020,therateincreasedsharplyasmoresatelliteswerelaunched.A2025simulation(模拟推演)suggestedthatafuturesystemofover60,000short-lifetimesatellitescouldwarmthemesosphere(中间层)by1.5°Candweakenpolarwinds.Suchchangesmightinfluenceatmosphericcirculationinwaysscientistsdonotyetfullyunderstand.Researchersarenowexploringpossiblewaystoeasethedanger.Somescientistsaretestingwhetherdifferentre-entrypathscouldreduceharmfulemissions,thoughsuchmethodsmaycreateotherchemicals.Atthesametime,engineersaredevelopingatmosphere-breathingsatellitesandstudyingin-orbitrefuelingsothatspacecraftcanstayinuselongerandavoidunnecessaryre-entries.Evenso,expertsstressthatmoreresearchisurgentlyneededbeforetheproblemgrowsbeyondcontrol.12.Whyisaluminafromsatelliteburn-upsamajorconcern?

A．Itreleasesharmfulradiation.B．Itblockssunlightandtrapsheat.C．Itaffectsglobalweathersystems.D．ItdamagesEarth’sprotectiveshield.13.Whatmayhappeniftheproblemisleftunchecked?

A．Worseeffectsfromupper-airsoot.B．Abreakinthenaturaltemperaturebalance.C．Awarmermesosphereandweakenedwinds.D．Acontinuousriseinspacedevicelaunches.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A．Potentialapproachestotheissue.B．Researchonnewre-entrypaths.C．Hiddenworriesofskyprojects.D．Newprogressincraftrefueling.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．SolutionstoHighAirPollutionB．FallingSatellites:AThreattoMesosphereC．TheUncertainFutureofSatelliteTechnologyD．Mesosphere:AffectedbyMan-madeFlyingUnitsTheWorldHealthOrganizationpredictsthatby2050,halfoftheglobalpopulationmayhavemyopia(近视).Thissharprisehasledscientiststostudyitscausesandpreventionmoreclosely.●16Myopiaoftenbeginsinchildhood,whentheeyeballgrowstoolongfromfronttoback.Thenlightcannotfocuscorrectlyontheretina,sodistantobjectsappearblurry.Researchersbelievenormaleyegrowthdependsonabalancebetweenbiologyandenvironment.Whenthatbalanceisdisturbed,myopiamaydevelop.●WhyoutdoortimemaymattermoreResearchersnowpointtoonemajorfactor:childrenarespendinglesstimeoutdoors.17.A2017studyinJAMAOphthalmologyfoundthatchildrenwithmoresunlightexposurewerelesslikelytobecomemyopic.●WhyscreensarestillaconcernThisdoesnotmeandigitaldevicesareharmless.Longperiodsofreading,scrolling(刷屏),orgamingkeeptheeyesfocusedonnearbyobjects.18.Sowhilescreensmaynotbetheonlycause,theycanstillspeedupmyopia.●MorethanavisionproblemMyopiaisoftenseenasasimpleeyesightissuethatglassescancorrect.19.Seriousmyopiamayalsoraisetheriskofothereyediseaseslaterinlife.●Smallchanges,realhelpGoodlighting,lessscreenglare,andregularbreaksduringcloseworkcanallhelpprotecttheeyes.Eyespecialistsalsorecommendthe20-20-20rule:every20minutes,lookatsomething20feetawayfor20seconds.20.

A．HowmyopiaformsB．WhenmyopiastartsC．Therefore,sunlightmattersmoreD．It’snevertooearlytoprotecteyehealthE．StudieshavelinkedcloseworktohighermyopiariskF．OutdooractivitiesmayhelpbecausetheyreducescreentimeG．Theycanimprovevisionbutdonotremovelaterhealthrisks二、完形填空Davidhadlosthisfatherwhenhewasababy.Andbeforeheturned13,hismotherwaskilledinacar21.Leftwithnooneto22him,hehadtogotofamilycare.ItwastherethatI,apsychologistatachildren’sinstitution,23David.Davidwasfacedwithsuchdeep24thatIrealizedconventionaltreatmenthadits25.Somesorrowsarebeyondwords.Insteadof26himtotalk,Isimplyprovidedaconsistentand27space.Afterourinitial,wordlessmeetings,Itentativelysuggestedagameofchess.He28.Thisbeganourspecial29:everyWednesday,weplayedchessincompletesilence.Yet,duringthesesessions,abondwas30forming.Iobservedsubtle31—hisbodylanguagebecamelesstenseandseemedtofind32inoursharedfocus.The33camemonthslater.Whilehewasbentoverthechessboard,hesuddenlylookedup,metmygaze,andsaid,“It’syourturn.”Thosethreewordswereasignalforanewbeginning.Davidstartedtalking,madefriends,and34lifeagainthroughactivitieslikeabicycleclub.WhileIofferedDavidmypresence,hetaughtmefarmore:timeandcompanionshipcan35inwaysthatwordscannot.21.A．exhibitionB．competitionC．tourD．accident22.A．agreewithB．careforC．relyonD．playwith23.A．examinedB．testedC．metD．understood24.A．sadnessB．stressC．anxietyD．confusion25.A．risksB．limitsC．rulesD．advantages26.A．allowingB．beggingC．wantingD．pressing27.A．sympatheticB．excitingC．generousD．enormous28.A．doubtedB．noddedC．hesitatedD．sighed29.A．courseB．exerciseC．routineD．task30.A．quietlyB．easilyC．formallyD．finally31.A．itemsB．marksC．shiftsD．features32.A．courageB．comfortC．passionD．energy33.A．mistakeB．disasterC．conclusionD．breakthrough34.A．abandonedB．balancedC．embracedD．improved35.A．healB．remainC．appearD．continue三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AnexhibitionandacademicconferencehighlightingthecivilizationoftheancientShuKingdominChinaopenedonSaturdayinOxford,England,36around160guestsattendingtheopeningceremony.37(title)“BehindtheMasks:DiscoveringSanxingduiandJinsha,”theeventatStAnne’sCollege,UniversityofOxford,showcasesthelatestarchaeological38(discovery)fromtherenownedSanxingduiandJinshaarchaeologicalsitesinsouthwestChina,39datebackapproximately3,600to2,800years.Throughphotographs,multimediainstallationsandcopiesofartifacts,theexhibitionintroducesvisitorstotheartisticsplendorand40(spirit)imaginationofChina’sancientShucivilization.Theexhibitiondisplays14reconstructedrelicreplicas(复制品),41itadoptshigh-techexperiencesallowingattendeesto42(virtual)explorearchaeologicalsites,offeringadynamicencounterbetweenarchaeologyanddigitaltechnology.Aconferenceheldthesameafternoon43(bring)togetherexpertsandscholarsinthefieldsofarchaeologyandculturalheritagefromChinaandBritain44(exchange)insightsonrecentfindingsandopportunitiesforfuturecollaboration.TheexhibitionrunsuntilNovember12.TheSanxingduiMuseumandtheJinshaSiteMuseumserveasco-organizers,alongside45numberofotherinstitutions.四、书信写作46.假定你是李华。你校即将开设劳动实践校本课程“匠心工坊”(Craft&DevotionLab)。请给你同班的澳大利亚留学生Peter写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.介绍课程内容；2.邀请他参与。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearPeter,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。EversinceanAIstudyappgainedpopularityamongstudents,ithasgraduallybecomepartofmydailystudyroutine.Atfirst,Ionlyusedittocheckdifficultwordsandgrammarpoints.Butbeforelong,Ibeganaskingitformore.Itcouldsummarizepassages,organizewritingideas,andevenoffermodelsentencesfarbetterthanmine.Ilovedthefeeling.Whilemyclassmateswerestillworkingthroughtheirnotes,Icouldfinishhomeworkfasterandmoreneatly.MyEnglishcompositionsbecamelongerandmorepolished.Evenmyweeklyreflection,whichusedtotakemealongtime,couldnowbedoneinjustafewminutes.ItoldmyselfIwassimplyusingtechnologywisely.OneFridayafternoon,ourEnglishteacher,Ms.Miller,announcedanin-classwritingtaskforthefollowingMonday.“Nophones,nodevices,andnoreferencematerials,”shesaid.“Justyourownmind,yourownlanguage,andyourownstory.”Theclassroomfilledwithnervouslaughter,butIdidn’tlaugh.Instead,myfingerstightened