2026届湖南省高三全真模拟适应性考试英语试卷

2026届湖南省高三全真模拟适应性考试英语试卷一、阅读理解TheTourdeFranceisoneoftheworld’smostrespectedcyclingevents,drawingtopathletesandpassionatefansalike.Whiletheraceitselfisreservedforprofessionalteams,amateurcyclistshavetheopportunitytoexperiencethethrilloftheTourthroughL’ÉtapeduTour—anannualeventthatallowsparticipantstorideafullstageoftheTourdeFranceonthesamerouteastheprofessionals.Hereprovideskeyinformationontheracestagesandofferspracticaltipsforamateurparticipants.

StageTypeTypicalDistanceTerrain(地势)KeyChallengeFlatStages150－200kmFlatFastshort-distancedashesMountainStages130－200kmSteepclimbsHighaltitude,sharpincreaseTimeTrials20－50kmFlat/hilly(Onlyforprofessionals)SoloeffortagainsttheclockMediumMountainStages150－200kmRollinghillsBreakawayopportunitiesRacerTips●Registerearly,asspotsforL’ÉtapeduTourselloutquickly.●Trainspecificallyfortheselectedstage—focusonclimbingenduranceifthestageincludesmountainpasses,orspeedworkforflatterroutes.●Paycloseattentiontochoosingthesuitablestage.ClimbsintheAlpsdemandproperpacingtoavoidearlyexhaustion.●Bringadequatenutritionandwater.Mountainstagesmayhavelonggapsbetweenaidstations.1.Whichstagebestsuitsanamateurwantingtohavesomeaveragehillexperience?

A．FlatStages.B．MountainStages.C．TimeTrials.D．MediumMountainStages.2.Whatareparticipantssuggesteddoingbeforetherace?

A．Applyingforfreeentry.B．Takinganoverallchecking.C．Preparingenoughessentials.D．Makingacarefulrouteresearch.3.Whatisthetextprobablyfrom?

A．Participationguide.B．Sportsreport.C．Courseplan.D．Traveljournal.Iusedtobelievethatgoodspeakersneverstumbled(结巴)overtheirwords.EverytimeIfrozeduringapresentation,myfacewouldburnandmyheartwouldrace.Ifeltlikeeveryoneintheroomwasjudgingme.Theawkwardpausesweren’tjustembarrassing—theywereproofthatIshouldneverspeakinpublicagain.ThencameMs.Thompson,myspeechcoach.Shetoldmesomethingunexpected:everyconfidentspeakerhasahistoryofmistakes.“Buttheydon’tpretendthosemomentsdidn’thappen,”shesaid.“Theystudythem.”Sheproposedasimplebutunusualpractice:recordeveryspeech,thenwatchonlythepartswherethingswentwrong.Noskipping.Noexcuses.Doubtfulbutdetermined,Itriedit.Foreachmistake,Iwrotedown:—Whathappened:Forgotmyopeninglineandstoodsilentforfiveseconds.—Whyithappened:Imemorizedthewordsbutnottheideabehindthem.—WhatI’lldonexttime:Practicebyexplainingtheideas,notrecitingthescript.—WhatI’llremember:Fivesecondsfeelslong,butaudiencesdon’tnoticeasmuchasIthink.Atfirst,watchingmyfailureswaspainful.Iwantedtolookaway.Butafterafewweeks,somethingbegantochange.Beforeeachspeech,I’dreviewmynotes—nottofeelanxious,buttorememberwhatI’dalreadyfixed.Istoppedmakingthesamemistakestwice.Moreimportantly,Istoppedfearingthemomentwhenthingsdidn’tgoasplanned.Mypresentationsgrewsmoother.Buttherealvictorywasquieter:myfearofbeingjudgedslowlylostitspower.Themistakesbecamesomethingelse—arecordshowingmeexactlywhereIneededtopractice.Ms.Thompsonhadn’ttaughtmetospeakperfectly.She’dtaughtmethatstumblingisn’ttheoppositeofconfidence.Itishowconfidencegrows.4.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofstumblinginParagraph1?

A．Itwasacommonexperience.B．Itwasasignofpoorpreparation.C．Ithelpedhergrowmoreconfident.D．Itsignaledherunfitnessforpublicspeech.5.Whydidtheauthorrecordherspeechmistakes?

A．Tosharethemwiththeaudience.B．Tomemorizethescriptperfectly.C．Tostudyandimprovefromthem.D．Toproveshewasagoodspeaker.6.Howdidtheauthor’sattitudetowardsthemistakeschangeovertime?

A．Fromignoringthemtosharingthem.B．Fromseeingthemasashametoaroadmap.C．Fromrepeatingthemtoavoidingthem.D．Fromviewingthemasashametoashelter.7.Whatisthemessagetheauthorwantstoconvey?

A．Mistakesprovelackoftalent.B．Embracingmistakesbuildsconfidence.C．Audiencesnoticeeverysmallerror.D．Speechscriptscanbememorizedexactly.Europeisracingtosecuremineralsforitscleanenergyfuture.Lithium(锂)andcopperareessentialforelectricvehiclebatteries,solarpanels,andwindturbines.UnderitsCriticalRawMaterialsAct,theEUhasnamed23miningprojectsas“strategic”,aimingtoproduce10%ofitsannualcriticalrawmaterialneedsdomesticallyby2030.Butthereisahiddencosttothisambition.AnewinvestigationrevealsthatoverhalfofthesestrategicminingprojectsarelocatedwithinonekilometerofprotectedNatura2000sites—Europe’smostimportantnetworkofnaturereserves.InSpain,theMinaDoadelithiumprojectsitslessthanakilometerfromprotectedAtlanticheathlands—hometoendangeredspeciesliketheIberianwolf.Localresidentshavefiercelyopposedit.“Theysaylithiumisstrategic—butforus,waterisstrategic,”saidoneforestryworker.InFinnishLapland,theSakattiminingproject,whichaimstoextract(提取)copperandnickel,partiallyoverlapswiththeViiankiaapawetlandreserve.Finland’sstatelandmanagerhaswarnedthattheproject’senvironmentalassessmentfailedtoresolveuncertaintiesaboutpotentialimpactsongroundwater.Globally,a2024studyfoundthat71%oftransition-linkedminesarelocatedinecologicallysensitiveareas.Thisexposesafundamentalcontradiction.Theverytechnologiesdesignedtocombatclimatechangemayendupdestroyingthebiodiversitywealsoseektoprotect.EnvironmentalistswarnthatEuropeisloweringitsguard.TheCriticalRawMaterialsActexpeditespermitsforstrategicprojects,potentiallygoingaroundthestrictprotectionsthatNatura2000sitesnormallyenjoy.“Inthenameofclimategoals,wearecuttingenvironmentalstandardsthatprotectbothnatureandpeople,”saidalegaladvisoratFriendsoftheEarth.Thepathforwardisnottoabandonthegreentransition,buttopursueitmorethoughtfully.Thismeansprioritizingrecyclingovernewmining,ensuringstrictenvironmentalassessments,andrecognizingthatthecheapestoptionforcleanenergymaycomeattoohighacostfornature.8.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustrateinthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A．Theshortageofskilledworkersformining.B．Thehighcostofextractinglithiumandcopper.C．TheEU’srelianceonimportsofitsrawmaterials.D．Thepotentialthreatofminingtotheenvironment.9.WhydoestheauthormentionSpainandFinlandinParagraph3?

A．Torevealassessmentissues.B．Toshowthelocalopposition.C．Toillustratemining-natureconflicts.D．Tohighlightenvironmentalprotection.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“expedites”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?

A．Speedsup.B．Slowsdown.C．Takesaway.D．Setsaside.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．Whoseduty?B．Whotoblame?C．What’sthedilemma?D．Howtosolve?Imagineyouperformedwellinatest.Whatwouldyousay?Mostpeoplewouldthink:“Iworkedhard”or“I’msmart”.Nowimagineyoufailed.Theexplanationoftenshifts:“Thetestwasunfair”or“Theteachergradedtoostrictly.”Thistendency—takingcreditforsuccessbutblamingfailureonoutsideforces—iscalledtheself-servingbias.Thisbiasisgroundedinhowourbrainsprotectus.Psychologistsexplainthatwehaveadeepneedtomaintainapositiveself-image.Acceptingfailurethreatensthatimage,soourmindsnaturallylookforexternal(外在的)explanations.EvolutionarybiologistStevenPinkerdescribessuchmentalshortcutsas“moralillusions”—theethicalequivalentofopticalillusionsthattrickoureyes.Justasoureyescanbefooledbybentlines,ourmoraljudgmentcanbetwistedbyself-servingbiaswithoutevenrealizingit.Sohowdoyouknowifyou’reunderitsinfluence?Commonsignsinclude:havingagreatsenseoftheownworth,rejectingconstructivecriticism,blamingothersforproblems,strugglingtoacceptfailures,andoverstatingyourowncontributionstosuccesses.Ifthesesoundfamiliar,thebiasmaybeatwork.Thegoodnewsisthatawarenessisthefirststeptowardsovercomingit.Psychologistssuggestseveralstrategiestocounterthisbias.First,examinesituationswholly—lookatthefullpictureratherthanjustwhatfavorsyou.Second,givecredittootherswhenit’sdeserved.Third,evenwhenthingsgowell,askyourselfwhatcouldhavebeenbetter.Finally,considertheethicaldimensionsofyourdecisions:Areyouactingfairly,orjustprotectingyoursenseofworth?Self-servingbiasisnotasignofbadcharacter—it’sanormalhumantendency.Butleftunchecked,itcandamagerelationships,blockpersonalgrowth,andcloudmoraljudgment.Byunderstandinghowitworksandlearningtorecognizeitinourselves,wecanmakefairerdecisionsandbuildamoreaccuratepictureofwhowereallyare.12.Howdoestheauthorintroducetheterm“self-servingbias”?

A．Byraisingquestions.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Byprovidingstatistics.D．Byquotingasaying.13.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A．Thecharacteristicsofself-servingbias.B．Thehistoricaloriginofself-servingbias.C．Themethodstoovercomeself-servingbias.D．Thepsychologicaltheoriesbehindthebias.14.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichindicatesthepresenceofself-servingbias?

A．Tompraisedhisopponent’sskillafterlosingthegames.B．Jamesfailedamathtestandblamedthenoisyclassroom.C．Lisaacceptedherteacher’sfeedbacktoimproveherself.D．Emmathankedherteammatesforthesupportafterwinning.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsself-servingbias?

A．Objective.B．Dismissive.C．Unclear.D．Favorable.ItypedafewwordsintoanAIpaintingtool—“aquietforestafterrain,softlight”—andwithinseconds,animageappearedonmyscreen.Thecolorswereperfectlyintegrated,thecompositionbalanced.16Apieceofart—createdwithoutbrushes,paints,oryearsoftraining.Thereisnoneedtoworryabouttechnique,inspiration,orevenmakingmistakes.Dozensofvariationscanbegeneratedinminuteswithsimpletextcommands.17Itquicklyremovesallthebarriersthattraditionalartisticcreationofteninvolves—thelonghoursofpractice,theuncertaintyofeachbrushstroke,thefrustrationoffailedattempts.Forsomeonewhohasneverheldabrushproperly,thisfeltalmostlikemagic.18AsIscrolledthroughthealmostperfectandpleasingimages,Ifeltnoconnectiontotheseimages,asiftheybelongedtonoone.Theycarriednotraceofstruggle,noevidenceofhumanhesitationordiscovery.19Somethingessentialwasmissing—thetensionbetweenintentionandaccident,theemotionalweightcarriedbyeverydeliberatestroke.Someemotionsonlyemergewhenwefaceuncertainty,makemistakes,andlearnfromthem.Withoutthatprocess,theimagebecomesaproduct,notastory.AIpaintingwillundoubtedlycontinuetoimprove,producingimagesthatareincreasinglycomplexandvisuallystunning.Butthisdevelopmentraisesadeeperquestion:whatdowevalueinart?Isitonlythefinalimageweadmire,orisitalsothestorybehinditscreation—Itrequirespatience,self-doubtandawillingnesstoembracetheunknownandimperfect.20

A．Thisdistinction,Ibelieve,isveryclear.B．EventheatmospherewasexactlyasIhadimagined.C．Thelinesweretoosmooth,theharmonytooperfect.D．AI-generatedartisfast,efficient,andaccessibletoanyone.E．Myhandsfeltrestlessafterstaringatthegeneratedpictures.F．Yetthisconveniencemayweakenoursenseofhumaneffortinart.G．Perhapsthatiswhatwetrulyvalue—thehumanjourneybehindtheimage.二、完形填空Formosttravelers,alongwaitattheairportissomethingtoavoid.ButforJosiahJackson,aneight-hourstopatChicagoO’HareInternationalAirportwasa(n)21hehadlonghopedfor.It22lastsummerwhenhewasreturninghomefromaservicetriptoGuatemala.23rushingtohisgatestraight,hemadehiswaytoGateC17—whereapianothathadbeenleftalone24hiseyeyearsago.Evenasateenager,Jacksonhadnoticeditsitting25,itskeysyellowedandforgotten.Hehadoften26whatmusicitmighthold,ifonlysomeonewould27it.Nowasaprofessionalpianotuner,Jacksondecidedtobethatsomeone.28histoolsandunbendingpatience,hespentsevenhourswithouta29—removingall88keys,cleaningeachbyhand,andcarefully30thedelicatemechanisms.Passengerswatchedtheyoungmanworkinquiet31.Withoutbreakinghisfocusonce,hefinishedintimetocatchhisconnectingflight.Jacksonhaddoneitnotfor32,buttoansweraquiethopehehadcarriedsincethatfirstglimpseyearsago—thehopethatthepianowouldoneday33again.Today,hisYouTubevideohasdrawnthousandsof34comments.ForJackson,therealrewardwashearingthatfirstnoteringoutacrosstheterminal(航站楼)—thesoundofa(n)35answered,andasilentpianofinallyfindingitsvoice.21.A．researchB．missionC．opportunityD．adventure22.A．happenedB．approachedC．beganD．arrived23.A．OwingtoB．RegardlessofC．InsteadofD．Otherthan24.A．rockedB．drewC．metD．caught25.A．silentB．awkwardC．joyfulD．wild26.A．recalledB．wonderedC．questionedD．predicted27.A．playB．fixC．openD．touch28.A．ConfusedaboutB．ConcernedaboutC．BurdenedwithD．Armedwith29.A．breakB．requestC．rewardD．response30.A．replacingB．polishingC．adjustingD．checking31.A．shockB．concentrationC．agreementD．confusion32.A．faithB．experienceC．progressD．recognition33.A．danceB．singC．speakD．whisper34.A．usefulB．timelyC．appreciativeD．honorable35.A．artworkB．trustC．friendshipD．hope三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenaskedaboutChina’shigh-speedrailway,PaulO’Sullivan,aNorthAmericaneducatorwhohaslivedinChinaformanyyears,responds36genuineenthusiasm.“Ifmostforeignersspendtwoweekshereand37(actual)takeabullettrain,thenthey’llsee!”hesays.Overthepastfewyears,Paul38(fascinate)bythecountry’smoderninfrastructure,particularlyitsconvenienttransportationnetwork.IntheUnitedStates,39alackofhigh-speedrailforceshimtodriveuptotenhoursadaywhen40(travel)acrossstates,PaulfindsChina’ssolutionalmostmiraculous—atwo-hourbullettrainridegetshimexactlywhereheneedstogo,41forshortertripshecaneasilybookaridewithDidiaswell.Whatsurprisedhimisthatthecostoflivinghere,whichhehadinitiallyfearedmightbeafinancialburden,42(be)farmoreaffordablethanheeverexpectedittobe.Now43(root)inSuzhou,Paulenjoysthecity’sbalancebetweencutting-edgeinfrastructureandreasonablypriceddailylife.PartofthereasonliesinSuzhou’s44(close)toShanghai.Withseamless(无缝的)high-speedrailandaninternationalairport,thecityprovidesanidealenvironmentforbothworkandtravel.Paulbelievesthatmanyforeignerssimplydonotrealize45efficientandaccessiblelifeinChinahasbecome.Hestronglyencouragesmorepeopletovisitandseeitforthemselves.四、书信写作46.假定你是李华，上周你班图书角举行了“好书漂流（BookCrossing）”活动。请你给英国朋友Mario写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：（1）活动过程；（2）你的感想。注意：（1）写作词数应为100左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMario,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Growingupinamoderncity,17-year-oldLeoviewedefficiencyaslife’sultimaterule.Everythinghadtobefastandproductive.So,whenhisparentssenthimtospendthesummerwithhisgrandfatherinaquietfishingvillage,Leoimaginedaboringbreakfromhishigh-techworld.GrandpaChenwasamanoffewwords,withskinweatheredbydecadesofsunandsea.Everymorningbeforedawn,theywouldheadoutintheirsmallwoodenboat.However,whatfrustratedLeomostwasGrandpa’s“strange”rules.Whenevertheycaughtyoungfishorcertainspecies,Grandpawouldgentlyuntangle(解开)themfromthenetandthrowthembackintothewater.“Grandpa,whyareyoudoingthat?”Leocomplainedonemorning.“That’sfoodwecouldhavesold!Andlookatthosenets;theyarefullofholes.Wecouldcatchthreetimesmorewithmoderngear.”Grandpapaused,hiseyesfixedonthehorizonwheretheseametthesky.“Theseagives,butonlyifwegiveback,Leo,”he