2027高考英语大一轮复习必修第三册UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES学案

MyauntMayisthepersonIadmiremost.Four1.decades(decade)ago,shewasborninafarawayvillage.Unlikethemajorityofgirlswhogot2.married(marry)atanearlyage,shedreamtofbecomingadoctortosavelives.Thoughherwishtogotouniversity3.wasrejected(reject)bymygrandparentsduetopoverty,shenevercomplained.Instead,sheworkedasawaitressinacafétopaythetuitionfeesofthemedicaltraining.Herdeterminationcarriedherself4.throughthetoughperiod.Finallyshewasadmittedintoamedicalcollegewithafullscholarship.Aftergraduation,shewasfirsthiredinaclinic,spendingagreatdealoftime5.tending(tend)patientsandpublishingessays.Severalyearslater,shewasappointedasaresidentphysician.Oneday,apregnantwomanwhotrippedoverastoneandfaintedwasrushedintotheclinic.Thoughfirstaidwasgiven,thewoman'slifewasindanger.6.Indespair,herhusbandbeggedMaytosavehiskidfirst.7.Caught(catch)inamoraldilemma,Maydecidednobody'slifecouldbereplaced.Throughachainof8.operations(operate)andwithallhermight,bothlivesweresaved.Movedintears,thewoman'shusbandthankedherwithlipstrembling.Withthesharpriseinthetreatmentcost,sheoftenusesher9.savings(save)toassistthepatientsinneed.Beingan10.energetic(energy)andresponsibledoctor,shehasprotectedcountlesspatientsfromharm.Sheisarolemodeltomeandisrespectedbyallhercolleaguesandstaff.1respondvt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应(☞responsen．反应；回答；回复)[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Theawkwardmomentendedwiththeclasseruptingintolaughter.Iforcedasmile,unsurehowtorespond(respond)further.(2025·全国二卷读后续写)②Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon'tresultinausefulresponse(respond).③我写信是为了回应你上一封信，在信中你要我就如何策划以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动提供建议。(2023·北京卷)Iamwritinginresponsetoyourlastletteraskingmeforadviceonhowtoplanaclubactivitywiththethemeof“GreenBeijing”．(1)respondto对……做出回应或反应；答复(2)inresponseto对……的答复；对……做出反应makea/noresponseto对……做出回应/不予回答2appointvt.任命；委派(☞appointmentn．约会；约定，预约；委任☞appointedadj.约定的；指定的)[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Iturnedupattheappointed(appoint)hourforadinner,onlytofindthatnootherguesthadarrivedandmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.(2023·北京卷)②Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointment(appoint)earlyinthemorning.(2024·全国甲卷)③得知你已被任命为学生会主席，我真诚地祝贺你。(应用文之祝贺信)Learningthatyouhavebeenappointedas/tobechairmanoftheStudentAssociation，Isincerelycongratulateyou.(1)appointsbas/tobe...任命某人为……appointsbtodosth委派某人做某事(2)make/haveanappointment(withsb)(与某人)约会/预约keep/breakanappointment守约/违约3tendvt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于(☞tendencyn．倾向，趋势)[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Studieshavefoundthatchildrenwhospendmoretimeoutsidetendtobe(be)healthier,betteradjustedandbetteratdealingwithstress.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)②AsaSenior3student，itisnormalthatyouhaveatendencytoget(get)anxiouswithtimegoingby.③我写信是为了向在医院里照顾我妈妈的王女士表示真诚的感谢。(应用文之感谢信)I'mwritingtoexpressmysincerethankstoMsWangwhotendedmymotherinthehospital．(1)tendtodosth易于做某事；往往会发生某事(2)haveatendencytodosth有做某事的倾向4scarevt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓(☞scaredadj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的☞scaryadj.吓人的；恐怖的)[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Isometimescallhimback,worriedthathemighthavesomeonescared(scare).(2025·北京卷)②当我意识到那头熊要回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎要吓死了。WhenIrealisedthatthebearwascomingbacktoattackus,Iwasnearlyscaredtodeath．③既害怕又震惊，莎拉呆立在原地，她的大脑飞速运转，想要弄明白刚刚发生了什么。Scaredandshocked,Sarahstoodfrozeninplace,hermindracingtomakesenseofwhathadjusthappened.(1)bescaredtodosth害怕/不敢做某事bescaredofsb/sth害怕某人/某事bescaredtodeath吓得要死(2)scaresbintodoingsth恐吓某人做某事5replacevt.接替；取代；更换[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译①Theworriesandstressesofeverydaylifefadedaway,replaced(replace)byasenseofpeace.(2026·长沙市联考)②Ireplacedhimastheleadingroleintheschooldrama,whichcameasabigshocktotheclass.(读后续写之情感描写)③医生告诉他好消息时，他脸上的焦虑被宽慰所取代。(读后续写之表情描写)Theanxietyonhisfacewasreplacedwith/byreliefasthedoctorgavehimthegoodnews.④喜欢其他文化并向其学习是件好事，但它们永远无法取代你自己的文化。→It'sgoodtoenjoyotherculturesandlearnfromthem，buttheycanneverreplaceyourownculture．→It'sgoodtoenjoyotherculturesandlearnfromthem，buttheycannevertaketheplaceofyourownculture．(1)replacesthwith/bysth用……替换……(2)taketheplaceof代替takeone'splace代替(3)inplaceof代替6assistvt.帮助；援助(☞assistancen．帮助；援助☞assistantn．助手；助理)[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Seeingmoreandmoreleavesfallingdownonourcampus,anideaflashedthroughmymindthatIwouldassistthecleanerstopick(pick)leavessoastopreventthemfromscatteringalloverthecampus.②Shouldyourequireanyassistance(assist)ormaterials,pleasedon'thesitatetocontactme.(2025·全国二卷应用文)③在他们爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，他们的脸上也洋溢着笑容。(读后续写之情感描写)Withtheassistanceoftheirfather/Withtheirfatherassistingthem，thetwinsmadeit，andtheirfacesalsolitupwithasmile.(1)assistsbtodo/indoingsth帮助某人做某事assistsbwith/insth在某方面帮助某人(2)come/gotoone'sassistance来/去援助某人withtheassistanceof...在……的帮助下7harmn.&vt.伤害；损害(☞harmfuladj.有害的☞harmlessadj.无害的)[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmful(harm)microplasticsare—butwhattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns.(2025·全国一卷)②Weshouldabandonthosebadhabitsthatareharmfultoourenvironment,suchaslitteringandwastingenergy.(应用文之倡议书)③我用手捂住电话，低声告诉她我没有恶意。(读后续写之动作和语言描写)Icuppedmyhandoverthephone,whisperingtoherthatImeantnoharm．④熬夜学习对你的健康有害，而且会因为精力不足而影响你第二天的学习。(应用文之建议信)Stayinguplatetostudydoesharmto/isharmfultoyourhealthanditwillaffectyourstudythefollowingdayforlackofenergy.(1)beharmfulto对……有害(2)doharmto对……有害domoreharmthangood弊大于利meannoharm没有恶意thereisnoharmin(sb's)doingsth(某人)做某事并无害处itdoesnoharm(forsb)todosth(某人)做某事并无害处8句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级教材原句：Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife...对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了……[练透]——完成句子①对我们来说，没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更重要的了。(读后续写之升华句)Tous，nothingismoreimportantthanpassingonkindnesstothoseintrouble.②和老人说话时，再礼貌也不为过。Whentalkingwiththeelderly,youcan'tbetoopolite/politeenough．③“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地回答道。“Ihaveneverhadamoredeliciousbreakfastthanthisone！”themotherrespondedexcitedly.(1)“否定词＋比较级”结构中常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody等。(2)含否定词，表最高级意义的其他表达：①否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as②否定词＋形容词/副词比较级＋than③have/hadnever/not＋v.-ed＋such＋形容词原级＋名词④can'tbe＋too＋形容词原级9句型公式：无灵主语句教材原句：ThenewPeople'sRepublicofChinasawDrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了重要的作用。[练透]——完成句子①令我惊讶的是，冈特毫不犹豫地写下他的电话号码并给了我。“只要您遵守承诺，先生。”一股感激之情涌上我的心头。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Tomysurprise,Gunterwrotedownhisphonenumberwithouthesitationandgaveittome.“Justkeepyourpromise,Sir.”Afeelingofgratitudewashedoverme．②2025年见证了人工智能技术在多个行业的快速发展。Theyear2025witnessedtherapiddevelopmentofAItechnologyinmanyindustries.③不幸的是，随着经济的发展，近年来海洋受到了严重污染。Unfortunately,aseconomyadvances,recentyearshaveseentheoceansbeingpollutedseriously．(1)英语中的无灵主语是指用非生命的物体、概念、地点或时间等作为句子的主语，而谓语动词则常常是描述人的行为或感受的词语。(2)主语非人：主语通常是抽象名词(如idea、thought、news)、具体事物(如thephone、thebook)或时间地点(如2024、theroom)。(3)谓语拟人：谓语动词却常是“看见”“告诉”“带来”“见证”等本应属于人的行为。10句型公式：独立主格结构教材原句：Afterawhile，agroupofwomencamealong，eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead.过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每个人头上都顶着一罐水。[练透]——完成句子①老师走进教室，脸上洋溢着愉快的笑容。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Myteacherenteredtheclassroom,aninfectioussmilespreadingonhisface．②周围的人开始窃窃私语，他们的目光中满是钦佩之情。Thepeoplearoundstartedwhispering,theireyesfilledwithadmiration．③有许多事情要解决，经理觉得自己就像热锅上的蚂蚁。Themanagerfeltasifhewereanantonahotpan,manythingstosettle.④随后，女孩将画板放在腿上，开始作画，母亲在一旁满怀骄傲地看着她，眼中满是赞许的光芒。(2026·辽宁省重点中学模拟)Thenthegirlplacedherdrawingboardonherlapandbegantodraw,hermotherwatchingwithpride,hereyesshiningwithapproval．(1)用法：独立主格结构在句中作状语，可置于句首、句中或句尾，用逗号与主句隔开，表时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的或结果等。(2)形式：名词/代词＋doing(主动/进行)名词/代词＋done(被动/完成)名词/代词＋todo(未发生)名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语微点练通微点点拨1.(2025·全国一卷)Idobelievethatthiscolumnwillbemoreengagingforthemajority(major)ofourclassmates.2．Theannualcharityeventwasheldinmemory/honourof(为了纪念)DrEmilyCarter,abelovedphysicianwhodedicatedherlifetohelpingthoseinneedofmedicalcare(需要医疗护理的).3．Intimeofdifficulty,whatweneedisnotcomplaint(complain)toeachotherbutunderstandingofeachother.4．(2023·全国乙卷)Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceive(receive)amedicaldegree.5．AlthoughDavidranagreat/gooddealslowerthantheotherkids(比其他孩子跑得慢得多),hemadeittothefinishlinewithadeterminedsmilebrimmingonhisface.6．①Davidraisedhisheadandstaredatme,hiseyesfilledwithtears(他的眼中满是泪水).②Icouldn'thold/fightbackmytears(我忍不住流下了眼泪)whenthejudgesthoughthighlyofmybeautifulvoice.③Hearingtheirplan，Bernardjumpedforjoy,tearsofhappinessandgratitudewellingupinhiseyes(幸福和感激的泪水涌上双眼).1.①a/themajorityof...大多数……②beinthemajority/minority占多/少数③majorin主修……；以……为专业2．①inmemoryof作为对……的纪念②inhonourof...为了向……表示敬意，为纪念……③inneedof需要④inchargeof负责，管理3．makeacomplaintaboutsth抱怨/投诉某事4．the＋序数词＋名词＋todosth5．①agreat/gooddeal用作副词短语时，可修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度，也可以作状语修饰动词。②agreat/gooddealof“许多的；大量的”，只能修饰不可数名词。6．关于哭的描写：①intears流着泪；含着泪②burstintotears突然哭起来③holdbacktears强忍住泪水④befilledwithtears泪流满面⑤tearsblur/mistone'seyes泪眼模糊Ⅰ.单句语法填空——巩固语言知识1．(2023·北京卷)Ihadputsomuchtimeandemotionalenergyintoapplying,andIthoughttherejection(reject)meanttheendoftheroadformysciencecareer.2．(2024·浙江卷1月)Thechiefcomplaint(complain)aboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.3．(译林必修一)What'smore,theyshouldkeepregularhoursandgetplentyofexercisetostayenergetic(energy)andfit.4．(2026·贵阳市七校联考)Maggie,withherbig,scared(scare)eyes,expressedhergratitudetotheminabarelyaudiblevoice.5．(2025·山东押题卷)Tomysurprise,withinhours,Ireceivedlotsofresponses(respond)fromWeifangkitemastersofferingdetailedadvice.6．Thestudentsseemedtobeexpectinganotherboringanddulllesson，somedroppingtheireyesandsomewhispering(whisper)inthebackrows.7．AsBeijingisthefirstcitytohost(host)boththeSummerandWinterGames，the2022OlympicTorchfeaturesasimilardesigntothe2008OlympicTorch.Ⅱ.熟词生义/一词多义——清除阅读障碍1．猜测下列句子中加黑词的含义①Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites，alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.(咬下的)一口②Whenwetearonepagefromthecalendar，itmeansourlifehasbeenshortenedbyoneday.撕掉③Theoldmansatbythepond,feedingthefishbreadandwatchingastheylappedatsurface.拍打④Thedogwaschainedtothelegofonesolidgardenseat.用锁链拴住⑤Ithinkthemoralofthestoryistoletpeoplemindtheirownbehaviors.寓意2．选出sharp的含义①Heexposedhissharpteeth,glaringatusasheranforward.__B__②Afterrunningforanhour,shefeltasharppaininherside,whichforcedhertostopandrestforawhile.__D__③Challengingworkmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage.__C__④Sheplannedtounlocktheshopat8：00sharpthismorning.__F__⑤Thisleadstothesharpdecreaseoftheanimals'population.__A__⑥Theroadaheadhasasharpturn,sodriversneedtoslowdownandbecautioustoavoidaccidents.__E__A.adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的B.adj.锋利的C.adj.敏锐的D.adj.剧烈的E.adj.急转的(生义)F.adv.整点地(生义)3.选出operation的含义①In1971,China'sfirstsubwaylineinBeijingwasformallyputintooperation.__C__②Followingtheearthquake,alarge-scalerescueoperationwaslaunched.__D__③Ihavebeenworkinginahugemultinationaloperationeversincegraduation.__E__④Withthehelpofsunshine,freshair,andenoughrest,theoldmanwillquicklyrecoverfromtheoperation.__A__⑤Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficientacrosstheboard.__B__A.n.手术B.n.操作C.n.运转；运行(生义)D.n.(有组织的)活动；行动(生义)E.n.公司；企业4.选出faint的含义①Weheardafaintcryforhelpfromthedistance,soweimmediatelycalledthepolice.__B__②Thereisstillafainthopethatshemaybecured.__C__③Thesuddenfaintscaredherfamily,sotheytookhertothehospitalforafullcheck-up.__D__④Whensheheardthebadnewsaboutherfather,shefeltherlegsgoweakandfaintedonthespot.__A__A.vi.昏倒；晕厥B.adj.微弱的C.adj.可能性不大的(生义)D.n.昏倒；晕厥Ⅲ.构词法精练——快速增加词汇名词后缀-ty名词后缀-ty主要用于构成表示性质、状态或程度的抽象名词。规则典例直接加-tysafe(安全的)→safety(安全)cruel(残酷的)→cruelty(残酷)certain(确定的)→certainty(确定性)entire(全部的)→entirety(整体)penal(刑罚的)→penalty(惩罚)royal(皇家的)→royalty(王室；版税)1.Myuncle'sspecialty(special)istellingfascinatinghistoricalstories.2．Adog'sloyalty(loyal)toitsownerisoftenunconditionalandprofound.3．Heansweredthequestionwithcompletecertainty(certain),withoutanyhesitation.短文投稿——值得尊敬和爱戴的人你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1．人物简介；2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文ThePersonIRespectMostWhenitcomestothepersonIrespectmost,①thefirstonetocomeintomymindismyEnglishteacher(我首先想到的是我的英语老师)MissWang.Firstly,sheisawarm-heartedanddedicatedteacher,②whotendsandinstructsusasifwewereherchildren(把我们当作她的孩子一样照顾和教导).Additionally,shehasaflexibleteachingmethod.WhenIencounterproblemsinEnglishlearning,shelistenstomepatientlyandexplainsthemcarefully,helpingmeovercomethedifficulties.Furthermore,asteenagestudents,③wearesometimesputintosituationswherewegetlostandfallindespair(我们有时候会陷入迷茫和绝望的境地).Wheneverweareintrouble,itisalwaysshe④whocarriesusthroughthetoughperiod(带我们度过艰难的时期).Therefore,shehaswongreatrespectfromallusstudentsandinourmind,⑤nooneismorebeautifulthanher(她是最美的).积累常诵——情感描写之“不安”和“绝望”词块积累金句背诵①lookindespair绝望地看着②watchhelplessly无助地/眼睁睁地看着③givesbalookofdesperation绝望地看了某人一眼④alookofdesperation绝望的眼神⑤declineone'sheadindespair垂头丧气⑥hearthedespairinone'svoice听出某人声音中的绝望⑦sighwithdespair绝望地叹气⑧eruptintodesperatesobs绝望地啜泣⑨withone'sheartinone'smouth提心吊胆地⑩asense/feelingofhopelessness/helplessness绝望/无力感⑪withgrowinguneasiness越来越不安⑫abandononeselftodespair/fallintodespair陷入绝望⑬throwsbintodesperation使某人陷入绝望1.Whenthedoctorshookhisheadgently,thepatient'sfamilyexchangedalookofdesperation,knowingthesituationwasbad.当医生轻轻摇头时，病人家属交换了一个绝望的神情，明白情况已经很糟。2.Fogbegancreepingintotheforest.Everythingaroundthemwasswallowedbythedarkness，whichundoubtedlyleftthemevenmoredesperate.树林开始起雾了，他们周围的一切都被黑暗吞噬，这无疑使他们更加绝望。(用环境描写烘托人物的绝望)3．Gazingatthedarknessaroundhim，Todwasseizedbyafeelingofdespair.托德看着四周的黑暗，他深感绝望。4．Seeingherchildrantowardthebusystreet,sherushedoverwithherheartinhermouth,yellingforhimtostop.看到孩子朝繁忙的马路跑去，她心提到嗓子眼儿冲过去，大喊着让孩子停下。5．Shewassonervousthatshefeltherthroattightandhermouthdry，wonderingwhattodonext.她紧张得喉咙发紧，嘴里发干，揣摩着下一步怎么办。用表“不安”和“绝望”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵微场景25主题“遇险求生”——求助无果时的“不安”和“绝望”Wehadnophonesignal,andthehighwaywas900feetaboveus.Allwecoulddowasyellforhelp,andaseeminglygreatdistanceseemedtoseparateusfrompotentialrescuers.Ourvoicesechoedthroughthevalley,thedespair①mounting(mount)ineveryshoutthatescapedourlips.Astheminutesturnedintohours,②fearanddesperationoverwhelmedus(我们既害怕又绝望，无灵主语句)andwecouldn'thelpbutwonderifanyonewouldeverhearus.Worsestill,fogbegancreepingintothevalley.Everythingwasswallowedbydarkness,③leavingusevenmorehelpless(使我们更加无助，分词短语作状语).微场景26主题“校园生活”——考试前的“不安”和“绝望”Withtheclockticking,hewasbrieflyglancingthroughthepagesofhistextbook,④desperatelytryingtoabsorbanylast-minuteknowledge(绝望地试图吸收最后关头的知识，副词)beforethequizbegan.However,justashewasdoingso,theteacherseverelyinstructedeveryonetopackawayeverythingexcepttheirpencilcases.Rajletoutalowsigh,⑤despairsettlingheavilyinhisheart(他心里满是绝望，独立主格，名词).Astheteacherhandedoutthepapers,hefeltnervousandhishandsgrewicyandsweaty,showinghisanxiety.限时规范训练(13)(建议用时：30分钟满分：40分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分)A(2026·南昌检测)Itwassupposedtobeanormaltriptothesupermarket.Mysonwaslittle,anditwasgettingclosetonaptime，soIrantothecashierandpaidformyitems.However,whenIreachedtheparkinglottostartthecar,Irealizedmykeysweregone—Imusthavelockedtheminthetrunkwithmybag.Iwasn'tsurewhattodo,soItookmysonoutofhiscarseatandwentbackinsidethestorewithmycartstillfullofgroceries.Ihadtousetheirphonetocallmyhusbandforthesparekey.Aftermultiplecallsandmessageswithnoanswer,Iwasgettingfrustrated.Anemployeeatthestore—whosenamewasKelly—tappedmeontheshoulderandtookmetothecaféthatwasinsidethestore.Shewalkedovertothecounterandcamebackwithonecoffeeforme.ItoldherhowstupidIwas,andsheassuredmeithappenedtoalotofpeople.ShesaidifIcouldn'tgetintouchwithmyhusband,theywouldcallsomeonetogetthetrunkopen.AfterIgothomethatday,Ikeptthinkingaboutwhatshehaddoneformeandwantedtodosomethingforher.WhenIsawherworkingagainatthestore,ItoldherhowgratefulIwas.Shewouldacceptnothinginreturnandjusttoldmetopayitforward．So,Kelly,thesearethethingsthatyouhavedonebecauseIwasthinkingofyourkindnessasIdidthem：Multipledoorsheldforpeople,lettingsomeoneaheadofmeinline,pickinguptrashthatsomeonetossedontheground,hitting“yes”onthedonationbuttonatthecheckout,helpingawomanwithheavybags,fooddonations,helpingastrangerfindherglasses,andmanyothers.IamsogladImetKellythatday.IamabetterpersonbecauseofmyencounterwithKelly.Whowouldhavethoughtoneactofkindnesscouldhavesomuchofaneffectonaperson?【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者从超市出来，发现自己把车钥匙锁到了后备箱里。当作者焦急万分时，一位热心的店员给她提供了无微不至的帮助。1．Whathappenedtotheauthor？()A．Shecouldn'tgethercarrunning.B．Shecouldn'tpayforhergroceries.C．Somethingwaswrongwithhercar.D．Somethingwaswrongwithherson.解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段中“whenIreachedtheparkinglottostartthecar,Irealizedmykeysweregone—Imusthavelockedtheminthetrunkwithmybag”可知，作者来到停车场后发现自己把车钥匙锁到后备箱里了，因此不能发动汽车。故A项正确。2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKelly？()A．Caringandkind-hearted.B．Honestandhard-working.C．Modestandstrong-willed.D．Patientandopen-minded.解析：A推理判断题。根据第三段可知，超市店员Kelly不但安慰了作者，而且给她买了一杯咖啡。由此可推断Kelly很有爱心、非常善良。故A项正确。3．WhatdidKellyadvisetheauthortodobysaying“payitforward”？()A．Takegoodcareofherself.B．Forgetwhatshehaddone.C．Dosomethingnicetoothers.D．Payforsomeone'spurchases.解析：C词义猜测题。根据第四至六段可知，Kelly不接受任何回报，而是建议作者“payitforward”——作者接下来做了大量的好事。由此可知，这里的payitforward是建议作者去多做好事。故C项正确。B(2026·烟台联考)Childrenatage7oftendisplayamixofcuriosity,creativity,andfrankness.Theirhonestycanfeelbothrefreshingand,attimes,embarrassing.“Ithinkyourcookingsmellsstrange，”my7-year-oldsaidoneevening,asIsetdinnerinfrontofher.Shewasn'ttryingtobehurtful;shewassimplystatinghertruth.Whilemyinitialreactionwasamixofamusementandmildoffense,itgotmethinkingaboutwhykidsofthisageareoftensounapologeticallyhonest.Unlikeadults,whofrequentlyfilter(过滤)theirthoughtstopreservesocialharmony,kidsatthisagetendtosaywhat'sontheirminds.Understandinghonestyinchildrenrequiresustoconsidertheircognitive(认知的)andemotionaldevelopment.Aroundage7,achild'sprefrontalcortex(前额叶皮质),whichgovernsdecision-makingandimpulsecontrol,isstillmaturing.Thismeansthey'relesslikelytoengageinthekindofcomplicatedthinkingrequiredtoweighthesocialconsequencesoftheirwords.Forthem,honestyisnotjustavalue—it'softentheirdefaultsetting.Thisstageofchildhoodalsoprovidescluestohowhonestyandempathyevolvehandinhand.Seven-year-oldsarebeginningtograsptheconceptof“whitelies”—thesmalluntruthswetelltoprotectothers'feelings.Once,aftercommentingonmy“messy”hair,mydaughterquicklyadded,“Butit'sOK!Ithinkmessyhairlookscoolsometimes！”Herattempttosoftenhercriticismshowedherawarenessofhowwordsimpactothers.Livingwitha7-year-oldhasremindedmeofthebeautyofunfilteredexpression.Theirfrankremarks,thoughoccasionallyhumbling,inviteustoembraceamoreopenandhonestwayofbeing.Theychallengeustomeetthemwheretheyare—inaplaceofcuriosity,exploration,andtruth—andtogrowalongsidethem.Intheirhonesty,7-year-oldsremindusofsomethinginvaluable:thefreedomtospeakourtruth,andthegracetohearitinreturn.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。我们常说“童言无忌”，儿童诚实背后的原因是什么？它又会教给我们成年人什么呢？4．Whydoestheauthormentionherdaughter'sjudginghercooking？()A．Toshowchildrenusuallytellthetruth.B．Toshowchildren'shonestyisunwelcome.C．Toprovechildrentendtoignoreothers'feelings.D．Toprovechildren'swordsareunpleasanttohear.解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段可知，作者的女儿直言作者所做的饭菜味道古怪。通过这个例子，作者说明儿童不会像成年人那样过滤自己的想法，而是直言不讳、实话实说。故A项正确。5．Fromwhatangledoestheauthoranalyzechildren'shonestyinparagraph3？()A．Thesocialangle.B．Theculturalangle.C．Thebiologicalangle.D．Theenvironmentalangle.解析：C推理判断题。根据第三段可知，人大脑中的前额叶皮质控制着人们的决策和冲动，而儿童的前额叶皮质正在生长发育。也就是说作者从生物学的角度分析了儿童为什么会更加诚实。故C项正确。6．Whatcanwelearnaboutwhitelies？()A．Theycanbehurtfulindeed.B．Theyhideunpleasanttruths.C．Theyreflecttheobjectivereality.D．Theyfocusonthenegativeside.解析：B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，所谓whitelies其实就是“善意的谎言”，其目的是(通过隐藏负面消息)保护对方的感情。故B项正确。7．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofchildren'sfrankremarks？()A．Theyshouldbeavoided.B．Theyarewhiteliesindeed.C．Theydeservetobetreasured.D．Theymakeusfeeluncomfortable.解析：C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为，儿童们坦率的话语虽然偶尔会让人感到不愉快，但却邀请我们拥抱一种更开放、更诚实的生活方式。孩子们用他们的诚实提醒我们一些无价的东西：说出真相的自由以及乐于倾听的风度。故C项正确。C(2026·辽宁省名校联盟联考)Whenvisitingadoctorafewyearsfromnow,youcanexpecttobeaccompaniedbyavirtualversionofyourself.Thisso-calleddigitaltwinwillbeaworkingmodelofyourbodythatcanbedisplayedontoaphysician'scomputerscreen.Updatedwithyourlatestvitalsigns,itwillhelpthedoctormakeanaccuratediagnosis.Italsoopensthedoorformedicinesandproceduresdesignedspecificallyforyou,increasingrecoveryrates.Thismightseemlikefantasy,butthefoundationsarebeinglaid.ResearchersatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon(QMUL)alreadyusecomputersimulations(模拟)oftheheartsofpatientstoassessdifferenttreatmentsforaheartdisorder.Itwouldbefartoodangeroustoexperimentthiswayonsomeone'srealheart.Digitaltwinsarestartingtopopupeverywhere,monitoringthehealthofjetenginesonairlinersandlettingcarmakersshaveyearsoffthedevelopmentofnewmodelsbysimulatingtestdrivesandcrashes.Allthisisbeingturbo-chargedbyrecentprogressinartificialintelligence(AI),whichgivestwinstheabilitytomakepredictionsabouttheirphysicalcounterparts(对应的事物),andfine-tunethemselvesonnewinformation.Digitaltwinsbeganasbasiccomputermodelsofphysicalobjectsandsystemsandhavebecomemoreadvancedwithcomputersbecomingmorepowerful.Complexdesignandmodellingsoftwaremeansmanyphysicalobjectsinitiallytakeshapeinthevirtualworld.Smallsensorsfeedtwinswithreal-timedata,ensuringthattheymirrortheirphysicalcounterparts.Digitaltwinsmakeiteasierforhumanstotacklecomplexproblems，allowingpeopletopeerintothefuture,spottingproblemsbeforetheymaterializeandtestingwildideaswithoutreal-worldconsequences.Forbusinesses,thisshouldmeanbetterdesignsandoperations.Forsociety,thepromiseisequallyappealing:personalizedhealthcare,andcluesastohowtheplanetmightavoidenvironmentalcatastrophe.Couldthesevirtualtwinsgooutofcontrol?Theymightiftheyareprogrammedbadly,orhackedinto.Digitaltwinswillgobbleup(吞噬)mountainsofdata,someofitwrongorprejudicedandmuchofitraisingconcernsaboutprivacy.Yettheserisksarenotspecifictodigitaltwins.Theyapplytoallemergingtechnologies,astheyalwayshaveandalwayswill.Theemergenceofthedigitalmirrorworldwilldoubtlessraisenewquestions,butitspotentialadvantagesarealreadyplaintosee.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是数字孪生技术的发展及所产生的影响。8．Whatisthemainfunctionofadigitaltwinofapatient？()A．Toreplacethepatientindoctorvisits.B．Totracktheresultsofphysicalcheckups.C．Toassistdoctorsinmakingaccuratediagnoses.D．Tostoreallthepatient'spastmedicalrecords.解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段中“Updatedwithyourlatestvitalsigns,itwillhelpthedoctormakeanaccuratediagnosis.”可知，数字孪生可以帮助医生做出准确的诊断。故选C。9．WhydoresearchersatQMULusecomputersimulationsofhearts？()A．Itcanreducethecostoftheoperation.B．Itismoreconvenientthanusingrealhearts.C．Itcanhelpincreasepatients'recoveryrates.D．Itcanavoidtheriskofexperimentingonrealhearts.解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itwouldbefartoodangeroustoexperimentthiswayonsomeone'srealheart.”可知，直接在人的心脏上做实验很危险，而使用模拟心脏可以避免这种风险。故选D。10．HowdoesAIcontributetothedevelopmentofdigitaltwins？()A．Itcreatesthebasiccomputermodelsofphysicalsystems.B．Itofferstheabilitytoforecastandadjustbasedonnewdata.C．Itenablestheperfectsimulationofallphysicalobjects.D．Ittacklesthecomplexproblemsinthereal-worldapplication.解析：B细节理解题。根据第三段中“Allthisisbeingturbo-charged...themselvesonnewinformation.”可知，人工智能(AI)技术的最新发展赋予了数字孪生预测实体状态并依据最新数据实现自我优化的能力。故选B。11．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthedigitaltwins？()A．Cautious. B．Indifferent.C．Optimistic. D．Critical.解析：C观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Yettheserisksarenot...p