英语福建厦门双十中学2024-2025学年高三上暑假阶段性训练(8月初)

厦门双十中学2026届高三英语暑期阶段练习ABestnewearphonestogetthisautumnPositiveVibrationXlAncOver-EarHeadphones,RRP£149.99ThisgadgetisproducedbyanEco-consciouscompany,HouseofMarley,whichwascreatedwiththeMarleyfamilytocarryonBobMarley’slegacyofloveforbothmusicandtheplanet.Theycreatestylish,timelessaudioproductsthatarebetterfortheEarth.Wetriedtheseheadphonesout(inpink—butyoucanalsogettheminblackandcopper)andwereblownawaybythesound.Withgreataudioclarity,mightybass,brighttreble,andeffectivenoisecancellation,yougetalotofqualityforareallydecent/properprice.Madewithwoodandrecyclablealuminum,theheadphonesweighquiteabitbutit’snottosaythatthey’reuncomfortable.Thequick-chargetechnologywillallowyoutogainatwo-hourplaybackboostafterjust15minutesofcharging.It’sanall-roundbargainforus.Audio-TechnicaATH-ANC300TW,RRP£189.99Andifover-earheadphonesaren’tyourthing,youcan’tgowrongwithAudio-Technician’slatestoffering,asolidin-earsetatagreatprice:apracticaldesign,powerfulsoundandpurecomfort.Theheadphonesfeaturefantasticnoisecancelingwhichyoucansettothreedifferentmodes:“aeroplane”,“onthego”and“study/office”.Alsoincludedarefourdifferentsizesofeartips.Butthemostimportantthinghereisthesound,naturally.It’slushandbalanced.Youcanalsocustomizethesoundtoyourlikingviatheequalizerontheapp.1.WhichcoloroptionisunlistedforXlAncOver-EarHeadphones?A.Pink.B.Black.C.Copper.D.White.2.WhatelementofXlAncOver-EarHeadphonesmightreflectBobMarley’slegacy?A.It’sstylishdesign.B.Beingmadewithwoodandrecyclablealuminum.C.Thequick-chargetechnology.D.Greataudioclarityandmightybass.3.WhichconsumerwouldgoforAudio-TechnicaATH-ANC300TWinsteadoftheXlAncones?A.Onewhoisforgetfulandneedsaquickchargeeverytime.B.Onewhofliesalotandisoftenbusyaround.C.Onewhowouldliketocustomizethesizeofeartips.D.Onewhocaresaboutnoisecancelingindifferentsetting.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了两款秋季新款耳机：HouseofMarley的PositiveVibrationXlAnc头戴式耳机，环保且音质佳；Audio-TechnicaATH-ANC300TW入耳式耳机，设计实用、音质好且降噪模式【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Wetriedtheseheadphonesout(inpink—butyoucanalsogettheminblackandcopper)andwereblownawaybythesound.(我们试用了这些耳机（有粉色款——但也有黑色和铜色的可供选择）之后，对音质感到十分惊艳)”可知，耳机的白色颜色选项未被列出。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThisgadgetisproducedbyanEco-consciouscompany,HouseofMarley,whichwascreatedwiththeMarleyfamilytocarryonBobMarley’slegacyofloveforbothmusicandtheplanet.(这款小设备是由一家具有环保意识的公司——“马利之家”生产的，该公司由马利家族创立，旨在传承鲍勃·马利对音乐和地球的热爱精神)”以及第三段“Madewithwoodandrecyclablealuminum,theheadphonesweighquiteabitbutit’snottosaythatthey’reuncomfortable.(这款耳机由木材和可回收铝材制成，重量较重，但这也并不意味着佩戴起来会很不舒服)”可知，XlAnc头戴式耳机采用木材和可回收铝材制成体现了鲍勃·马利的精神遗（对地球的关爱）。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Theheadphonesfeaturefantasticnoisecancelingwhichyoucansettothreedifferentmodes:“aeroplane”,“onthego”and“study/office”.Alsoincludedarefourdifferentsizesofeartips.(这款耳机具有出色的降噪功能，你可以将其设置为三种不同的模式：“飞行模式”、“出行模式”和“学习/办公模式”。此外，它还配备了四种不同尺寸的耳塞)”可知，那个在意不同场景下噪音消除效果的人会选择Audio-TechnicaATH-ANC300TW耳机而不是XlAnc系列。故选D。·BSometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Ispentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewentourseparateways—heforalunchbreak,Itoexplorethecity.“I’llmisstheseoldboats,”hesaidasweparted.“Howdoyoumean?”Iasked.“Oh,they’rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey’renotsoelegant,andthey’renotfuntopilot.Butthat’sprogress,Iguess.”EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口号),andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity’sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.“Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself,”shesaid.“Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It’saconflictthatwearen’tgettinganybetteratresolving(解决).”Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.“Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry,”hetoldme.“WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3000years,andtheChinesemorestill.We’vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It’saprettyhardcombinationtobeat.”Heisright,butIcan’thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.4.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Sydney’sstrikingarchitecture.B.TheculturaldiversityofSydney.C.ThekeytoSydney’sdevelopment.D.Sydney’stouristattractionsinthe1960s.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds?A.Hegoestoworkbyboat.B.Helooksforwardtoanewlife.C.Hepilotscatamaranswell.D.Heisattachedtotheoldferries.6.WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?A.Itislosingitstraditions.B.Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.C.Itshouldexpanditspopulation.D.Itisbecomingmoreinternational.7.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Acitycanbeyoungandoldatthesametime.B.Acitybuiltonancientculturesismoredynamic.C.Modernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofelegance.D.Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了悉尼城市发展中对于现代化和传统保护的困惑，并提出“一座城市可以同时年轻和年老”的观点。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.(20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了自己的港口。)”和最后一句“Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.(但正是港口造就了这座城市。)”可知，第一段主要是讲悉尼发展的关键。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““I’llmisstheseoldboats,”hesaidasweparted.(“我会想念这些旧船的，”我们分手时他说。)”和第五段第二句“Catamaransarefaster,butthey’renotsoelegant,andthey’renotfuntopilot.(双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣。)”可知，AndrewReynolds喜欢那些旧渡船。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段第二句中的“initsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings(在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼抛弃了许多过去的东西，包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”和第四句“Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.(我们似乎无法决定是要一个现代的城市还是一个传统的城市。)”可知，ShirleyFitzgerald认为悉尼正在丢失传统。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.(另一方面，同时年轻和年老也有它的吸引力。)”可知，作者会认同“一座城市可以同时年轻和年老”的观点。故选A。Urbangreenspaceshavelongbeentiedtobetterpublichealth,butshrinkingmunicipalbudgetsoftenleaveparksovergrownandunderused.AgroundbreakingstudypublishedinUrbanHealthJournalpointstoanunexpectedremedygainingtractionacrossNorthAmerica:community-rungardens.Thesegrassrootsprojects,whereresidentscollectivelytendplotsofland,areprovingtobebothcost-effectiveandsociallytransformative.Researcherstracked27communitygardensinTorontooverthreeyears,documentingmeasurablebenefits.Nearbyhouseholdsreported31%fewercasesofanxietycomparedtoneighborhoodswithoutsuchgardens,whilelocalchildrenshowed24%higherlevelsofphysicalactivity—likelyduetoregularoutdoorplayamongtheplots.Thegardens,typicallyfilledwithtomatovines,sunflowerpatches,andcommunaltoolsheds,alsofosteredstrongersocialbonds:78%ofparticipantscited“makingnewfriends”asakeybenefit,reducingfeelingsofisolationindenselypopulatedareas.Theseinitiativesthriveonminimalfunding.Moststartwithgrantsunder2,000,relyingondonatedsoil,recycledwoodenplanters,andvolunteerlabor.TheTorontoGreenSpaceAlliance,whichoversees15ofthesesites,notesthatmaintenancecostsaveragejust300annuallypergarden—farcheaperthanthe$12,000yearlyupkeepforasmallcitypark.Yetsuccessisn’tuniversal.InVancouver,twogardenssawdecliningparticipationafterinitialenthusiasm,withplotsabandonedduetodisputesoverwaterusageandcropownership.Despitethesesetbacks,theAllianceplanstofund12newgardensinMontrealnextyear,emphasizingbetterconflict-resolutiontrainingfororganizers.“Citiesdon’tneedmillion-dollarprojectstobuildhealthiercommunities,”saysleadresearcherDr.ElenaMárquez.“Sometimesatrowelandapacketofseedsareenough.”8.Whatisakeyfindingofthestudyoncommunitygardens?A.Theyreducemaintenancecostsforcityparks.B.Theyimprovementalhealthinlocalresidents.C.Theyrequiresignificantinitialinvestments.D.Theymainlybenefitelderlyresidents.9.Thephrase“gainingtraction”inparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_________.A.losingpopularityB.causingconcernC.becomingwidespreadD.remainingunchanged10.WhydoestheauthormentionVancouver’sgardens?A.Tohighlighttheimportanceoffunding.B.Toshownotallprojectsaresuccessful.C.Tocomparedifferentgardendesigns.D.Tocriticizepoormanagement.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toargueformoregovernmentfundingforparks.B.Toexplainhowcommunitygardensareorganized.C.Todiscussthebenefitsandchallengesofcommunitygardens.D.Tocompareurbanandruralgardeningpractices.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍社区花园作为城市绿色空间的低成本替代方案，如何通过居民集体管理带来公共健康益处（如减少焦虑、增加儿童体力活动和促进社交联系但同时也面临一些挑战（如参与度下降和纠纷问题并强调了其成本效益和潜在的社会变革作用。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Nearbyhouseholdsreported31%fewercasesofanxietycomparedtoneighborhoodswithoutsuchgardens,whilelocalchildrenshowed24%higherlevelsofphysicalactivity—likelyduetoregularoutdoorplayamongtheplots.Thegardens,typicallyfilledwithtomatovines,sunflowerpatches,andcommunaltoolsheds,alsofosteredstrongersocialbonds:78%ofparticipantscited“makingnewfriends”asakeybenefit,reducingfeelingsofisolationindenselypopulatedareas.(与没有此类花园的社区相比，附近居民报告称焦虑症的发病率降低了31%。同时，当地儿童的体育活动水平提高了24%——这很可能是因为这些区域内的花园提供了定期的户外活动空间。这些花园通常种满了番茄藤、向日葵地和公共工具棚，它们还促进了更紧密的社会联系：78%的参与者认为“结交新朋友”是主要的益处之一，这有助于缓解人口密集地区的孤独感)”可知，关于社区花园的研究，其主要发现是它们能改善当地居民的心理健康状况。故选B。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“AgroundbreakingstudypublishedinUrbanHealthJournalpointstoanunexpectedremedygainingtractionacrossNorthAmerica:community-rungardens.(发表在《城市健康杂志》上的一项突破性研究指出，一种意想不到的补救措施在北美各地gainingtraction：社区运营的花园)”可知，社区花园作为解决方案在北美推广，说明变得普及了，故划线词意思是“逐渐普及”。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Yetsuccessisn’tuniversal.InVancouver,twogardenssawdecliningparticipationafterinitialenthusiasm,withplotsabandonedduetodisputesoverwaterusageandcropownership.Despitethesesetbacks,theAllianceplanstofund12newgardensinMontrealnextyear,emphasizingbetterconflict-resolutiontrainingfororganizers.(然而，成功并非是普遍存在的。在温哥华，有两个花园在初期受到热烈欢迎后，参与度却出现了下降，部分地块甚至因用水和作物所有权方面的纠纷而被废弃。尽管遭遇了这些挫折，该联盟仍计划明年在蒙特利尔资助建设12个新的花园，并强调要为组织者提供更完善的冲突解决培训)”可知，作者提及温哥华的花园是为了表明并非所有项目都能取得成功。故选B。推理判断题。根据第一段“AgroundbreakingstudypublishedinUrbanHealthJournalpointstoanunexpectedremedygainingtractionacrossNorthAmerica:community-rungardens.Thesegrassrootsprojects,whereresidentscollectivelytendplotsofland,areprovingtobebothcost-effectiveandsociallytransformative.(发表在《城市健康杂志》上的一项突破性研究指出，一种意想不到的补救措施在北美各地越来越受欢迎：社区运营的花园。这些由居民集体照料土地的草根项目，正被证明既经济划算，又能带来社会变革)”结合文章介绍社区花园作为城市绿色空间的低成本替代方案，如何通过居民集体管理带来公共健康益处（如减少焦虑、增加儿童体力活动和促进社交联系但同时也面临一些挑战（如参与度下降和纠纷问题并强调了其成本效益和潜在的社会变革作用，可知这篇文章的主要目的是讨论社区花园的益处与挑战。故选C。DEducationalproductsareimportanttothetoyindustry.Inrecentyears,parentshaveshownaninterestinSTEM-relatedtoys—onesthathelpteachScience,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics.Butnow,toymakersareworkingtocreateproductsforimprovingachild’semotionalintelligence.Thesetoysreportedlynotonlyhelpraiseintelligenceinchildren,butalsotheiremotionalquotient,orEQ.Intelligenceincludesintrapersonalskills—processinginformationwithinone’smind—andinterpersonalskills,ordealingwithotherpeople.Sometoyshavebeenmadewiththepurposeofhavingachildactasateacherorguidetoacompanioncharacter.ThereisaneducationalrobotcalledWoobo.Ifyouaskthehairygreenrobot,“Hi,what’syourname?”Withachildlikevoice,thetoywillanswer,“Areyoutryingtotrickme?MynameisWoobo.”Therobotcomesprogrammedwitheducationalgamesandactivities.Childrenuseitstouchscreenfacetogetthemstarted.Toysthatworkascompanionsalsoaidinsocialdevelopment.Woobocanhelpachildwhohasautismspectrumdisorder(自闭症谱系障碍).ThechildcancommunicatewithWooboandhecanfollowsomeoftheinstructionsWooboisgivingbecausehethinksofthisasacompanioninsteadofaparentorsomeoneelsetellinghimtodocertainthings.Amorelow-techcompanionisatoyanimalcalledManimo.Themanufacturersaysthistoycanhelpreducehyperactivityinchildrenandimprovetheirabilitytopayattentiontoasubject.Whetherit’sasnake,dolphinorotheranimal,Manimoscanbeplacedacrossachild’sarm,chestorneck.Themanufacturerexplainedthataddingdeeppressuretothebodycanhelpcalmachildbeforebedtime.“Thepurposeofallofourproductsistodevelopemotionalandsocialintelligence,”hesaid.Itremainstobeseenwhetheragameortoycanimproveemotionalintelligence.Buttoymakersaredoingwhattheycantohelpparentsintheireffortstoraisewell-rounded(多才多艺的)children.12.Accordingtothepassage,STEM-relatedtoysarehelpfulin______.Araisingachild’sintelligence.B.makingachildbecomeateacherC.increasingachild’sinterestinScienceD.developingachild’sabilitytoprocessinformation13.Whatcaneducationalrobotsbeusedto?A.Workasacompaniontoteachachildtobewell-rounded.B.Playtricksonthechildrenandmakethemhappy.C.Helpachildovercomehisbehavioralproblems.D.Workasaparenttolookafterachildathome.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hyperactivity”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Thedesiretoplaywithtoys.B.Thechancetogetacompanion.C.Thepotentialforkeepingcalm.D.Thedifficultyinstayingfocused.15.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Thefunctionofaneducationalrobotneedstobeproved.B.Toymakersaredoinggreatbusinesstomeetparents’demand.C.Manytypesoftoyrobotshavebeeninventedtohelpchildrengrow.D.Withthehelpoftoyrobots,childrencandevelopallkindsofskills.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。教育产品对玩具产业非常重要。近年来，随着父母对孩子教育的重视，玩具智能化的程度也越来越高。玩具不仅要起到提高孩子智力的作用，还要有助于孩子情商的发展。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Thesetoysreportedlynotonlyhelpraiseintelligenceinchildren,butalsotheiremotionalquotient,orEQ.(据报道，这些玩具不仅有助于提高儿童的智力，而且还有助于提高他们的情商。)”可知，这类玩具有助于孩子们提高智力。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Woobocanhelpachildwhohasautismspectrumdisorder(自闭症谱系障碍).(Woobo可以帮助一个有自闭症谱系障碍的孩子。)”可知，Woobo能够帮助一个有自闭症的孩子，根据常识可知，自闭症的孩子一般都有行为障碍，由此可推知，教育机器人可以帮助孩子克服行为问题。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“andimprovetheirabilitytopayattentiontoasubject.(提高他们注意力的能力。)”可知，这种玩具能够提高他们集中注意力的能力，结合划线单词所在句“Themanufacturersaysthistoycanhelpreducehyperactivityinchildren(制造商说这个玩具可以帮助减少儿童hyperactivity)”可知，这种玩具能够提高他们集中注意力的能力，即减少孩子注意力不集中的困难。由此可知，划线单词“hyperactivity”与D项“Thedifficultyinstayingfocused.(集中注意力的困难。)”意思一样，故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Buttoymakersaredoingwhattheycantohelpparentsintheireffortstoraisewell-rounded(多才多艺的)children.(但玩具制造商正在尽其所能，帮助父母努力培养全面发展的孩子。)”可知，玩具生产商正竭尽所能，帮助父母努力培养全面发展的孩子，由此可推知，玩具生产商正竭尽所能，满足家长的需求。故选B。Poetryisawayofconveyingourdeepestfeelings,desires,andemotionswithouthavingtostateitclearly.____16____.However,intherealsense,poetryisneverdifficult.Youcantrythesefollowingtechniquesanytimeyouhavepoetrywritingideasblock.Knowyouraim.____17____.Doyouwanttotellastory,describeanexperienceorfightaninjusticeandencouragepeopletotakeaction?Thecorrectdetailswill,inturn,ensurethatthepoemservesthepurposeforwhichitiswritten—youraim.____18____.Afteryouunderstandtheaimofthepoem,youmightnotstillbeabletowriteimmediately.Takeoutasheetofpaperandwriteeveryideaandwordthatcomesintoyourheadconcerningyouraim.Pickoneofthesewordsorideasandfocusonit,expandingonthatideauntilyouhaveafullpoem.Haveatheme.Athemeismorethanjustanidea.Anideawithyourpersonalopinioniswhatformsatheme,whichwillhelpyourpoembemoreconcise(简明的).WeadviseyoutolookthroughTheRimeOfTheAncientMarinerAnalysis.____19____.____20____.However,theywillhelpinwritingpoetryforbeginners.Youcanalsogetbooksonhowtowritepoetrytohelpyouboostyourwriting.A.Writedowntherandomwordsandideas.B.Itmaygiveyousomefreshandnovelideas.C.Forbeginners,theartofpoetrymightseemdifficultatfirst.D.Ensureyouhaveusedtherightwordstoconveyyourmessage.E.Asfarasweknow,thesetipsarenotnecessarilyrulesforwritingpoetry.F.Answeringthequestionoftheaimofpoemhelpsyouinputtherightelements.G.Beforewritingyourpoem,youmustunderstandwhatyouplantoachievefromthepoem.【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.B20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。诗歌是表达我们最深层感受、渴望和情感的一种方式。它可以通过模糊的表述方式，而无需明确陈述。文章介绍了写诗的技巧，包括了解写作目的、确定主题以及参考他人的分析等。这些技巧可以帮助初学者写诗。【16题详解】根据后文“However,intherealsense,poetryisneverdifficult.(然而，真正意义上的诗歌从来都不是难事。)”可知，此处强调真正意义上的诗歌不是难事，此处的however表明应该与前文构成转折关系。C选项“Forbeginners,theartofpoetrymightseemdifficultatfirst.(对于初学者来说，诗歌艺术一开始似乎很难。)”指出对于初学者来说，诗歌艺术一开始是很难的，与后文构成转折，符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】根据本段段旨“Knowyouraim.(知道你的目标。)”可知，在写诗之前要知道自己的目标。G选项“Beforewritingyourpoem,youmustunderstandwhatyouplantoachievefromthepoem.(在写诗之前，你必须明白你打算从这首诗中得到什么。)”承接段旨，指出你计划从诗歌中要获取什么，与本段段旨——知道自己的目标相符合。故选G。【18题详解】本题为段旨。根据后文“Takeoutasheetofpaperandwriteeveryideaandwordthatcomesintoyourheadconcerningyouraim.Pickoneofthesewordsorideasandfocusonit,expandingonthatideauntilyouhaveafullpoem.(拿出一张纸，写下你脑海中出现的与你的目标有关的每一个想法和单词。选择其中一个词或观点，专注于它，扩展这个观点，直到你写出一首完整的诗。)”可知，本段讲述随机写下自己脑海中出现的与目标相关的内容。A选项“Writedowntherandomwordsandideas.(把随机的单词和想法写下来。)”概括本段主要内容。故选A。【19题详解】根据前文“WeadviseyoutolookthroughTheRimeOfTheAncientMarinerAnalysis.(我们建议你看一看《古舟子咏》。)”可知，此处提出建议在撰写诗歌的时候，可以看一看《古舟子咏》，后文承接的内容是读《古舟子咏》的好处。B选项“Itmaygiveyousomefreshandnovelideas.(它可能会给你一些新鲜和新奇的想法。)”中的it指代前文的《古舟子咏》，强调读《古舟子咏》的益处是能够给你一些新鲜和新奇的想法，符合语境。故选B。【20题详解】根据后文“However,theywillhelpinwritingpoetryforbeginners.(然而，它们会帮助初学者写诗。)”可知，上述的建议会帮助初学者写诗。且空处和后文应构成转折关系，E选项“Asfarasweknow,thesetipsarenotnecessarilyrulesforwritingpoetry.(据我们所知，这些技巧不一定是写诗的规则。)”中的thesetips指前文所提出的写诗的建议，同时与后文构成转折关系，指出虽然上述的建议不是必要的写诗规则，但是会帮助初学者写诗。故选E。TheNobelPrizeisconsideredoneofthemostrecognizableandadmirableawardspossible,____21____peopleoftheworldfortheiroutstandingachievementsindifferentfields.AlfredNobelwasbornin1833toafamilyofengineersinSweden.In1850,hemetAscanioSobrero,theinventorofnitroglycerin(硝酸甘油)inParis.Interestedinitsirregular____22____ofexplodingunderpressureorheat,Nobelstartedtofindawaytocontrolitandmakea____23____explosive.Afteryearsof____24____,in1867,attheageof34,Nobelinventeddynamite(炸药),whichismucheasierandsafertocontrolthannitroglycerin.Duringhislifetime,Nobelinventedandpatentedvariousexplosives.He____25____hiswealthfromhis355inventions,amongwhichdynamitewasthemostimportant.WhenAlfred’sbrotherLudwigdiedin1888,aFrenchnewspaper____26____publishedAlfred’sobituary(讣告).Readinghisownobituary,Nobelwas____27____tofindouthispublicimage.Thenewspaperstrongly____28____Nobelforinventingdynamite,givinghimthenicknameof“themerchantofdeath”andsaying“Dr.AlfredNobel,whobecame____29____byfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefasterthaneverbefore,diedyesterday.”ToAlfred,thisobituarywasa(n)____30____.Hespenthislifetimealone____31____thingsandwasdeeplyconcernedwithhowhewouldberemembered.Thisunfortunateeventinspiredhimtomakechangesinhiswill,soasto____32____hispublicimage,andtoberememberedforagoodcause.In1895,oneyearbeforehisdeath,Nobelmadethelast___33___,sayingclearlythathiswealthwouldbeusedtocreateaseriesofprizesforthosewhohavemadegreat____34____tomankindinphysics,chemistry,physiologyormedicine,literature,andpeace.Towidespreadastonishment,Dr.AlfredNobel____35____94%ofhistotalwealthtofoundthefiveNobelPrizes.21.A.rememberingB.honouringC.creditingD.preparing22.A.natureB.conductC.flavourD.benefit23.A.deadlyB.bitterC.usableD.mild24A.innovationsB.effortsC.hesitationD.association.25.A.broughtupB.putupC.brokeupD.builtup26.A.mistakenlyB.purposefullyC.officiallyD.scientifically27.A.happyB.confusedC.amusedD.disappointed28.A.praisedB.blamedC.threatenedD.appreciated29.A.greedyB.essentialC.richD.sufficient30.A.errorB.warningC.threatD.consequence31.A.destroyingB.combiningC.inventingD.stimulating32.A.improveB.establishC.illustrateD.secure33.A.requestB.illustrationC.willD.fortune34.A.choicesB.decisionsC.profitsD.contributions35.A.gaveawayB.gavebackC.gaveoffD.gaveout【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.D28.B29.C30.B31.C32.A33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了诺贝尔一生发明了无数的爆炸物品，却因此受到了人们的诟病，为了提升自己的公众形象，他将自己一生的大部分财产捐献了出去成立了诺贝尔奖用来奖励在物理、化学、医学等方面做出突出贡献的人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：诺贝尔奖被认为是最有辨识度和最令人钦佩的奖项之一，表彰了世界各地在不同领域取得的杰出成就的人们。A.remembering记得；B.honouring尊敬、表彰；C.crediting相信；D.preparing准备。根据最后一段“hiswealthwouldbeusedtocreateaseriesofprizesforthosewhohavemadegreat___14___tomankindinphysics,chemistry,physiologyormedicine,literature,andpeace”可知，诺贝尔奖是用于表彰这些杰出的人们。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺贝尔对硝酸甘油在压力或热量下爆炸的不规则性质很感兴趣，他开始寻找一种方法来控制它，并制造一种可用的炸药。A.nature自然、性质；B.conduct行为、举动；C.flavour味道；D.benefit利益。根据空后的“explodingunderpressureorheat”可知，这是硝酸甘油的性质。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：诺贝尔对硝酸甘油在压力或热量下爆炸的不规则性质很感兴趣，他开始寻找一种方法来控制它，并制造一种可用的炸药。A.deadly致命的；B.bitter苦涩的；C.usable可用的；D.mild温和的。根据下文“in1867,theageof34,Nobelinventeddynamite(炸药),whichismucheasierandsafertocontrolthannitroglycerin.”可知，诺贝尔想发明一种可使用的炸药。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的努力，1867年，34岁的诺贝尔发明了比硝化甘油更易控制、更安全的炸药。A.innovations创新；B.efforts努力；C.hesitation犹豫；D.association协会。根据上文“Nobelstartedtofindawaytocontrolitandmakea___3___explosive.”可知，诺贝尔是开始寻找一种方法来控制它，并制造一种可用的炸药，所以他是在为制造炸药而努力。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他通过355项发明积累了财富，其中炸药是最重要的。A.broughtup抚养长大；B.putup张贴、提供食宿；C.brokeup结束、关系破裂；D.builtup建立、积累。根据空后的“hiswealth”可知，空处指的是积累财富。故选D。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：1888年阿尔弗雷德的哥哥路德维希去世时，一家法国报纸错误地刊登了阿尔弗雷德的讣告。A.mistakenly错误地；B.purposefully故意地；C.officially官方地；D.scientifically科学地。根据上文“WhenAlfred’sbrotherLudwigdiedin1888”和下文“publishedAlfred’sobituary(讣告)”可知，是诺贝尔的哥哥过世而不是诺贝尔过世，所以报纸是刊登错了。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：读着自己的讣告，诺贝尔对自己的公众形象感到失望。A.happy快乐的；B.confused困惑的；C.amused被逗乐的；D.disappointed失望的。通过下文“Thenewspaperstrongly___8___Nobelforinventingdynamite,givinghimthenicknameof“themerchantofdeath”andsaying“Dr.AlfredNobel,whobecame___9___byfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefasterthaneverbefore,diedyesterday.””可知，媒体对诺贝尔的评价很糟糕，所以诺贝尔读着自己的讣告时，是感到失望。故选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时的报纸对发明炸药的诺贝尔进行了强烈的谴责，称他为“死亡商人”，并说：“通过寻找比以往更快地杀死更多人的方法致富的阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔博士昨天去世了。”A.praised表扬；B.blamed责备；C.threatened威胁；D.appreciated感激。根据下文“givinghimthenicknameof“themerchantofdeath””可知，报纸是谴责诺贝尔的发明。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时的报纸对发明炸药的诺贝尔进行了强烈的谴责，称他为“死亡商人”，并说：“通过寻找比以往更快地杀死更多人的方法致富的阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔博士昨天去世了。”A.greedy贪婪的；B.essential必要的；C.rich富裕的；D.sufficient充分的。根据上文“He___5___hiswealthfromhis355inventions,amongwhichdynamitewasthemostimportant.”可知，诺贝尔通过发明炸药而变得富有。故选【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对阿尔弗雷德来说，这篇讣告是一个警示。A.error错误；B.warning警告；C.threat威胁；D.consequence结果。根据下文“Hespenthislifetimealone___11___thingsandwasdeeplyconcernedwithhowhewouldberemembered.”可知，诺贝尔很关心自己的公众形象，所以对他而言这次讣告是个警示，说明他的公众形象并不好。故选B。【31题详