2025年高考英语大二轮-强化练(十四)文本结构灵活类命题

强化练(十四)文本结构灵活类命题考情速递：高考七选五的选材通常以说明文为主，但随着命题难度的增加，所选语篇的文本结构越来越灵活，如非列条式说明文、结构松散式说明文等。解题时要格外注意。(2023·南京六校联合调研)Doyouexperiencepleasurefromlisteningtosadmusic?Sadness,generallyseenasanegativeemotion,tendstobefoundpleasurableinanaesthetic(美学的)context.__1__Whilepeopleareenjoyingsadmusic,empathyplaysasignificantrole.Empathycanbebroadlydefinedastheprocessbywhichwecancometounderstandandfeelwhatanotherpersonisexperiencing.__2__Similarly,listeningtosadmusicmaycallupanempatheticreactioninthosewithastrongtendencytofeelthatemotion.__3__Sadmusicenablesthelistenertoreleasethemselvesfromdistressingexperiences(break－ups,death,etc)andfocusinsteadonthebeautyofmusic.Furthermore,lyricsthatrelatetothelistener’spersonalexperiencescangivevoicetofeelingsthatonemightnotbeabletoexpressoneself.Asweallknow,musichastheabilitytoprovidecompanyandcomfort.Peopletendtolistentosadmusicwhentheyareinemotionaldistressorfeelinglonely.__4__Hecanprovidesupportandempathy.Thelistenerenjoysthemerepresenceofavirtualperson,representedbythemusic,whoisinthesamemoodandcanhelpcopewithsadfeelings.__5__Theemotionalpowerofmusicisoneofthemainmotivationsofpeoplewholoveitsomuch.A.Sadmusicisvirtualpresencetorelievesadness.B.Sadmusiccanbeexperiencedlikeanimaginaryfriend.C.Evidencesuggeststhatpeopleenjoysadmusic.D.Sadsongscanbringbackunforgettablememoriesofapastevent.E.Sadmusicalsoproducespsychologicalbenefitsviamoodregulation.F.Inshort,musichastheprovenabilitytoaffectthemoodandattention.G.Expressionsofsadnessandgriefarelikelytoinspiresupportandhelpinothers.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。音乐具有影响情绪和注意力的能力，音乐的情感力量是人们如此热爱音乐的主要动因之一。1.C[空前讲到，听悲伤的音乐你会感到快乐吗？通常被视为一种负面情绪的悲伤在美学语境中往往被发现是令人愉悦的，即悲伤音乐可以给人带来快乐。由此可知，C项“有证据表明人们喜欢悲伤的音乐。”是对前面一句话的拓展。再结合第二段中的“Whilepeopleareenjoyingsadmusic”可知，C项也能引出下文。]2.G[本段第一句话“Whilepeopleareenjoyingsadmusic，empathyplaysasignificantrole.”是本段的主题句，讲的是人们在欣赏悲伤音乐的时候，同感扮演着很重要的角色；又根据空后的“Similarly，listeningtosad...tofeelthatemotion.”可知，听悲伤的音乐可能会唤起那些有强烈情感倾向的人的同感反应。由此可知，G项符合语境。]3.E[根据空处所在位置可知，空处是本段的主题句。根据空后的内容可知，悲伤的音乐能使听者从痛苦的经历中释放自己，而且与听者的个人经历有关的歌词可以表达出一个人可能无法表达的情感。由此可知，此段主要讲悲伤的音乐在调节情绪方面所起的作用。E项“悲伤的音乐通过调节情绪也产生心理上的益处。”符合语境。]4.B[根据空前的“musichasthe...orfeelinglonely”可知，音乐有陪伴和安慰的能力。当人们情绪低落或感到孤独时，他们倾向于听悲伤的音乐；又根据空后的“Hecanprovidesupportandempathy.”可知，他能提供支持和同情。由此可知，该空应选B项。该空后一句话中的He指的是B选项中的“animaginaryfriend”。]5.F[本篇文章讲述了音乐影响人们的情绪且空处位于最后一段的首句，根据空后的内容可知，音乐的情感力量是人们如此热爱音乐的主要动因之一。故空处选F项“总之，音乐已被证明有影响情绪和注意力的能力。”较为合适，此句话是对全文的总结。](2023·济南高三统一检测)Whatisheritage?Thewordcanbedifficulttodefine.Heritageisalwayssomethingthatispasseddownbyfamiliesorothergroupsformanyyears.__1__Itcanalsobethecustoms,traditions,andvaluessharedbygroupsofpeople.Onewaytothinkaboutheritageistobreakitdownintothreegroups.Thesearethetangible(有形的)culturalheritage,thenaturalheritage,andtheintangibleculturalheritage.__2__Theycanincludemanyhuman－madeobjectsthatholdculturalvalue.Someexamplesarenationalmonumentsandworksofart.Manyancientsitesarealsopartofthisgroup.Onasmallerscale,afamilyhomecanbepartofanindividual’sheritage.Manypartsofthenaturalworldarealsoimportanttoheritage.Theycanincludebodiesofwater,plantlife，landformsandmore.OneexampleistheNileRiver.__3__Effortstoprotectnaturalheritagearekeyinmanycultures.Theintangiblegroupincludesanypartofculturalheritagethatyoucan’tfeelthroughtouch.Maybeyou’vereadaboutformsofdance,likeflamenco.Youmightknowaboutthemusicofmariachibands.Theseareallexamplesofintangibleculturalheritage.__4__Exploringyourownheritagecanbefun.Itcanhelpyoulearnaboutyourself,yourfamily,andyourancestors.Butit’salsoimportanttolearnabouttheheritageofothers.__5__Itcanalsoleadyoutofindthingsyoumayhaveincommonwithothers!A.Theyaretreasuresthatcanbetouched.B.Whattangibleitemscanbepartofheritage?C.However,heritageisn’tlimitedtoconcreteobjects.D.Languages,holidaysandcustomsalsomakethelist.E.Therefore,it’sdifficulttoprotectthemfromfadingaway.F.Doingsocanhelpyoubuildastrongerunderstandingofothercultures.G.IthasbeenpartofheritageinmanyAfricannationsforcenturies.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了遗产的三种类型，包括物质文化遗产、自然遗产和非物质文化遗产，并介绍了这三种类型的文化遗产的特点等。1.C[空前解释了遗产通常指哪些东西；根据空后的“Itcanalso...bygroupsofpeople.”可知，空后阐明了遗产的其他含义，即“一群人共享的习俗、传统和价值观”。由此可知，空处承上启下，说明遗产不局限于具体的物品。]2.B[空处位于该段段首，为该段的主题句；由空后的“Theycaninclude...culturalvalue.”及该段下文的举例可知，该段主要说明物质文化遗产包含的事物有哪些。]3.G[根据第三段首句“Manypartsof...heritage.”可知，本段主要介绍遗产中的自然遗产；结合空前的“OneexampleistheNileRiver.”和常识可知，尼罗河是很多非洲国家遗产的一部分，G项符合语境。]4.D[根据上文的“Maybeyou’vereadabout...mariachibands.”可知，上文提到了舞蹈和音乐这两种非物质文化遗产。与此对应，空处也应介绍非物质文化遗产的例子，结合常识可知，语言、节日和风俗习惯也都属于非物质文化遗产。]5.F[空前一句“Butit’salsoimportant...ofothers.”讲了解他人的遗产也很重要；空后一句“Itcanalsomonwithothers！”讲它还能让你发现你可能有的和别人的共同点，故此处应说了解他人遗产的好处。F项“这样做可以帮助你更好地理解其他文化。”符合语境。](2023·济南名校联考)Mid－AutumnFestivalisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsintheChinesecalendar.Thefestivaltypicallyinvolvesfamilygettingtogethertosharemooncakeswhilewatchingthemoon.TypicalChinesemooncakesareroundinshape,andmeasurearound10cmindiameterand4－5cminthickness.Mostmooncakesconsistofathintenderskinenvelopingasweetanddensefilling.__1__Itisacustomforhousewivestopreparemooncakesathomewhenthefestivalisapproaching.Nowlet’slearntomaketraditionalChinesemooncakes.Aboveall,fullpreparationsshouldbemade，includingmaterialssuchasflour,water,sugarandvegetableoil,andfillings—thelotusseedpasteandeggs.Mixtogetherallthematerialstogetadough(生面团).__2__Next,separatetheeggyolksfromthewhitesandsaltthesteamedyolks.Whiletheovenispreheatedto180degreesCelsius,rollthelotuspasteandthedoughintosmallballs.__3__Then,shapeupwitheachconsistingofadoughwrapper,oneballofthelotuspaste,andhalfofasaltedeggyolk.Makeaholeinaballofthelotuspasteandputtheyolkinside.Similarly,covertheball(withtheyolkinside)withawrapper.__4__Thenshapeitwiththemold(模具).__5__Takethemoutafter5minutesandbrushthemwiththeeggwash.Putthemooncakesbackuntiltheybecomegoldenbrown.Remembertowaitfortwodaystoeatthemooncakeswhentheywillbesoftandalsolookshiny.A.Amooncakeballismade.B.Preparethesaltedeggyolks.C.Finally,putallmooncakesintotheoven.D.Flatteneachpieceofdoughintoathinwrapper.E.There’remanystories