湖南省长沙市望城区2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末质量监测英语试卷

湖南省长沙市望城区2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末质量监测英语试卷一、第二部分，阅读，第一节，阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读理解Samisfourteenyearsold.Lastnight,hesudderffyfeltunwellwhileatschool.Hisfather,MrBrown,droveoveratonce.Assoonashearrived,hequicklypickedSamupandrushedhimto-thehospital.Afteracarefulexamination,thedoctortookSam'stemperatureandfounditwasnearly39℃.Thedoctoradvisedhimtorestanddrinkplentyofwater,andalsogavehimsomemedicinewithclearinstructionsonhowtotakeit.InstructionsAgeDose(剂量)Over182tablets(药片)12-181tablet5-111/2tabletTakeitthreetimeseverydayaftermeals.Putitinacoolanddryplace.Useitbefore1stNovember,2027.1．WhatwasthematterwithSam?A．Hehadasoreneck.B．Hehadafever.C．Hehadatoothache.2．HowmanytabletsshouldSamtakein-adav?A．Threetablets. B．Twotablets. C．Onetablet.阅读理解Hello,I'mYamingfromShanghai.Lastyear,Ijoinedatwo-weekcampinNewZealand(新西兰).Itwasmyfirsttimetoexperienceanewculture.Iwasreallylookingforwardtothistrip.Ithoughtitwouldbeagreatadventure.Ilivedwithalocalhostfamily.Onmyfirstdinnerthere,ItriedtobepolitebyofferingfoodtomyhostparentsasIusuallydoinChina.However,theylookedalittlesurprisedandgentlyrefusedmykindness.Ifeltconfusedandupsetatthatmoment.Later,Iturnedtothecampteacherforhelp.Heexplainedthereasontomepatiently.InNewZealand,peoplevaluepersonalindependence.Theyprefertohelpthemselvestofoodand.dislikeothersofferingthemfood.Ifinallyunderstoodtheculturalmisunderstanding.Tosolvetheproblem,Iadjusted(调整)myactionsquickly.Istoppedofferingfoodtoothersandfollowedlocaldiningculture.Atthesametime,IalsotriedtoshareChinesediningculturewithmyhostfamily.ItoldthemaboutChinesetablemanners.InChina,weliketoofferfoodtoothersatthetable.Wedothistomakesuretheyeatmoreandwecantreatthemwell.Wewantourgueststofeelathome,showingourfriendlinessandwarmth.Myhostparentswerereallyinterestedandcouldn'tstoppraisingit.Duringtherestofthecamp,IlearnedmorelocalcustomsandsharedChineseculturebravely(勇敢地).Imademanynewfriendsandrealizedthatculturaldifferencesweren'tbadthings.Withcommunicationandunderstanding,wecanbridgeculturalgaps(文化差异)easily.3．HowlongwasYaming'scamp?A．Onemonth. B．Twoweeks. C．Threeweeks.4．HowdidthehostparentsfeelwhenYamingofferedfoodtothem?A．Excited. B．Upset. C．Surprised.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"independence"inParagraph3mean?A．独立性 B．责任心 C．荣誉感6．What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．TotalkaboutChinesetablemanners.B．TointroduceNewZealand'slocalcustoms.C．Tosharecross-culturalexperiencesandsolutions.阅读理解Haveyoueverdreamedoftravelingovertherainbow?It'seasierthanyouthink——justbuyaplanetickettoPeru(秘鲁).ThisSouthAmericancountryhasmanynaturalwonders,andthemostamazingoneisRainbowMountain.RainbowMountain,alsocalledMountainofSevenColors,liesinCuscoAsthenameshows,ithascolorssuchasyellow,green,red,purpleandsoon.Everyyear,lotsoftravelerscometovisitandenjoyitsbeauty.Travelersarealwayscuriousaboutwhythemountainissocolourful.Themainreasonisthatdifferentkindsofminerals(矿物质)lieindifferentrocklayers(岩层),andeachmineralhasitsownspecialcolor.Thesènaturalcolorsmakethemountainbrightandbeautiful.Thatisthekeytoitsamazingrainbowlook.Ifyouplanatriphere,visititinwarmermonthswithlessrainorsnow.ThebesttimetovisitisfromMaytoOctober,withblueskiesandniceweather.You'dbettercomeintheearlymorningorlateafternoon,rightaftersunriseorbeforesunset.Ifthesunlightistoostrong,youmaynotbeabletotakegoodphotos.Toreachthemountain,youneedtogettoCuscofirst.Fromthere,driveaboutthreehourstoPitumarca,thengoontoQesoyuno,wherethehikebegins.Fromthebasetothetopofthemountain,youneedtowalkforanother2or3hours.Theclimbischallenging,asthemountainrises5,200metersabovesealevel.Sobesuretobringplentyofwater,takeyourtime,andenjoythewonderofnature!7．WhatdoweknowaboutRainbowMountain?A．ItisinNorthAmerica.B．Itattractsmanycurioustravelers.C．Travelerscanonlydrivetoitstop.8．WhydoesRainbowMountainlooksocolourful?A．Becauseitstandsataveryhighsealevel.B．Becausethestrongsunlightmakesitbright.C．Becausedifferentmineralslieinitsrocklayers.9．WhichofthefollowingisthebesttimetovisitRainbowMountain?A．AsunnymorninginJuly.B．AsunnyafternooninFebruary.C．ArainymorninginMay.10．Wherecanyoureadthispassage?A．Inanovel.B．Inastorybook.C．Inatravelguide.二、第二部分，阅读，第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。Lastsummerholiday,Haitaothoughtitwouldbeagreatchancetorelax,sohewasgluedtothescreenfrommorningtillnight.11．accordingtoanewsurvey,mostChinesepeoplespendaboutfiveandahalfhoursontheirphoneseveryday.Duringtheholiday,Haitaooftenwatchedshortvideosandcheckednewupdates.Itbecamehisdailyhabit.12．Butsoon,hefeltsomethingwaswrong.Hecouldn'tfocus,andhismindgotallmixedup.Later,helearnedtherewasanewtermforthisproblem-"brainrot(脑腐)".WhydidthishappentoHaitao?Watchingthoseshortvideosandupdateswaslikeeatinghisfavoritesnack.13．.,Also,itwasaneasywayforhimtokilltime.Whyshouldhegooutorstartanewhobbywhenhecouldjust"havefun"onthesofa?14．ThemoretimeHaitaospentonthescreen,thelesshappyhefeltinreallife.Whileheseemedtobehavinga"good"time,hewasactuallymissingoutonimportantthings.Astimewentby,hislifestartedtoseemboring.So,whatshouldHaitaodo?Herealizedheshouldgooutsidewithhisfriendsorfamily.Hecouldenjoynature,breatheinfreshair,andhaveagreattimeinthesummertime.Heknewheshouldn'tletthescreenstakeoverhisfreetimeandturnhisbrain"rotten".15．AJnfact,hewasn'talone.BItwastimeforhimtofindrealfunagain!COncehestarted,itwasreallyhardtostop.D.However,this"easyfun"cameatahighprice.E.Atfirst,hethoughtitwasfunanditwouldn'tchangeanything.三、第三部分，语言运用，第一节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastmonth,Iwasundergreatpressure.Ihadtoomuchhomework,andmyparentskept16．mewithmycousin.Ievenhadaheadacheandcouldn'tsleepwellatnight.Oneday,ourteacherMrLicameintothe17．withabottleofwater.Heasked,"How18．1Sthisbottleofwater?""About500grams(克),"weanswered.MrLinoddedandsaid,"Yes.It'snotheavy.Butthe19．Iholdit,theheavieritbecomes.IfIholditforaminute,it'sOK.IfIholditforanhour,Iwillhavea20．inmyrightarm.IfIholditforaday,Iwillhavetoseeadoctor.This21．islikeyourstress.Ifyouholditwithoutputtingitdown,soonerorlater,youwillnotbeabletokeepongoing.Nomatterhowmuchstressyouhave,stopandhavearestforawhileifpossible.Boysandgirls,pleaselearntorelax.Ifyoucandothat,I'msureyou'lllivea22．life."Afterhearingthis,I23．tomakeachange.Now,whenIfeelstressed,Istopandtakeashortbreak.Ialsotalktomyparentsaboutmyfeelings.24．,theylistenmorecarefullythanbefore.Learningto25．mystressfromtimetotimehasreallyhelpedmegrowup.Iamhappierandmoreconfidentthanever.16．A．sharing B．comparing C．fighting17．A．restroom B．bedroom C．classroom18．A．heavy B．big C．small19．A．shorter B．longer C．higher20．A．pain B．test C．break21．A．cup B．bottle C．plate22．A．happy B．unhappy C．hard23．A．allowed B．decided C．forgot24．A．Importantly B．Unluckily C．Surprisingly25．A．buildup B．putdown C．sufferfrom四、第三部分，语言运用，第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.Ithasgreattraditionalculture.AmongtheChineseclassics,TheBookofSongsandHistoricalRecordsaretwoofthemostimportantworks.TheBookofSongs.alsoknownasShijing,isthe26．(earıy)collectionofpoetry(诗歌)inChina.I27．(read)ittwicesínzelastyear.Itincludes305poems.Thisbooknotonlydescribespeople'sdailylife,butalsoteachespeopletobehonestandstrong.Amongallthepoemsinthisbook,28．(I)favouriteoneisHomecomingaftertheWar(《采薇》).Thispoemmainlytalksabouthow29．(soldier)hadtoleavetheirhomestofightformanyyears.Theymissedtheirhomelandverymuch.Buttheycouldn't30．(return)becauseofthewar.Byreadingthepoem,wecanfeeltheirsadness31．seehowhardthewarscouldbe.HistoricalRecords,orShiji,is32．firstbiographicalgeneralhistory(纪传体通史)ofChina.SimaQianwroteit.ItcoversChinesehistoryfromtheYellowEmperortothemiddleHanDynasty(朝代).Thisbookisdividedinto130chapters(篇章).Wecanreadplenty33．storiesinthisbook.Ireallylikehowthewriterdescribesdifferentpeople.Forexample,there'sDaYu,who,triedsohardtostopabigflood.Forthesafetyofthecommonpeople,herefused34．(enter)hishomemanytimeswhenhepassedby.Intheend,he35．(successful).ontrolledtheterribleflood.Thesetwoclassicsarefullofvaluablestories.ReadingthemhelpspeopleknowmoreaboutChinesehistoryandculture.Theyarewellworthreading.五、第四部分，读写综合，第一节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Thesedays,aheartwarming"timebank"projectisgettingmoreandmorepopularinChina,includingChangsha.Itisaspecialvolunteerproject.Youngpeoplehelptheelderlyandrecordtheir"volunteerhours"aspoints.Whentheyounggrowoldsomeday,theycanexchangethesehoursforhelpfromotheryoungvolunteers.TheprojectstartedtwoyearsagoinanoldcommunityneartheXiangjiangRiver.Manyelderlypeopletherelivealoneandhavetroublewithsmallthingslikecarryingheavybags,fixinglightbulbs(灯泡)orusingmobilephones.Youngvolunteers,mostlycollegestudentsandofficeworkers,visitthemfromtimetotime.Theychatwiththeelderly,helpdohousework,andteachthemhowtoshoponlineormakevideocallstofamilymembers.Thissimpleideahascreatedawin-winsituation.Theelderlyfeellesslonelyandgetonwellwithpeoplearoundtheminthecommunity.Foryoungvolunteers,itisameaningfulwaytogivebackandlearnpatienceandrespect."Helpingtheoldmakesmevaluemyfamilymore.Ithelpsusbuildcloserrelationshipswithoneanother,"saidWangYi,a16-year-oldstudentvolunteer.Nowthe"timebank"hasover200volunteersandservesmorethan150elderlypeople.However,theprojectstillfacessomechallenges.Somevolunteersgiveupbecauseoftheirbusyschedules(日程).Besides,afewelderlypeoplearetooshytoaskforhelp.Tosolvetheseproblems,communityleadersareplanningavolunteertrainingprogramtokeepitrunning.Meanwhile,thecommunitywelcomesmorepeopletojointheprojectandcarefortheelderly.Afterall,smallactsofkindnesswillmakeabigdifference.36．Whendidthevolunteerprojectstart?37．Dotheyoungvolunteersbenefitfromtheproject?38．Howmanyvolunteersdoesthe"timebank"have?39．Whydosomevolunteersgiveup?40．Whatdoyouthinkofthevolunteerproject?六、第四部分，读写综合，第二节，根据要求完成短文写作。(共1小题；满分15分)41．学校英文报正在开展以"MyVolunteerExperience"为题的征文活动，请你根据以下提示，并结合自身感悟，写一篇英语短文投稿。要求：(1)短文必须包含所有提示信息，并适当发挥；(2)80词左右;(3)文中不得出现真实人名和校名。MyVolunteerExperience

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A【知识点】故事阅读类；应用文；细节理解；数字计算【解析】【分析】短文讲述山姆在校突感不适，父亲送他去医院，医生查出他发烧并开了药，同时附带该药品服用说明。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览题目要求，然后结合相关语句从文章抓住相关语句，理解句意，最终确定答案。1．细节理解题。根据thedoctortookSam'stemperatureandfounditwasnearly39℃可知医生量了山姆的体温，发现将近39摄氏度，体温高说明发烧，故选B。2．数字计算题。根据Samisfourteenyearsold.可知山姆14岁，对照表格可知12-18岁一次1片，说明一日三次，1×3=3片，故选A。【答案】3．B4．C5．A6．C【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解；词义猜测；文章大意【解析】【分析】主要讲了亚明参加新西兰两周夏令营，因为夹菜的餐桌习惯产生文化误会，向老师请教后调整行为，同时向寄宿家庭讲解中国餐桌礼仪。这次经历让他明白文化差异并不可怕，依靠沟通与理解能够拉近不同文化之间的距离。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览文章，读懂题目要求，然后带着问题从文章抓住重点语句，最后选择正确答案。3．细节理解题。根据Lastyear,Ijoinedatwo-weekcampinNewZealand.可知去年，作者参加了新西兰为期两周的夏令营，故选B。4．细节理解题。根据However,theylookedalittlesurprisedandgentlyrefusedmykindness.可知他们看起来有些惊讶，并委婉拒绝了作者的好意，故选C。5．词义猜测题。根据后句Theyprefertohelpthemselvestofoodanddislikeothersofferingthemfood.可知新西兰人喜欢自己取用食物，不喜欢别人给他们递食物，这体现了对个人独立性的重视，因此independence的含义是"独立性"，故选A。6．文章大意题。文章围绕亚明在新西兰遇到文化误会、沟通化解差异、交流两国饮食文化展开，中、新西兰习俗均为细节，核心是跨文化交流经历，故选C。【答案】7．B8．C9．A10．C【知识点】说明文；世界主要地区地理概况；细节理解；文章出处【解析】【分析】短文介绍秘鲁库斯科彩虹山，讲解山体呈现多彩外观是岩层中不同矿物质导致，同时介绍最佳游览时节、合适时间段以及前往彩虹山的路线和出行注意事项。

【点评】考查阅读理解，在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。7．细节理解题。根据Everyyear,lotsoftravelerscometovisitandenjoyitsbeauty.可知每年大量游客前来观赏美景，秘鲁属于南美洲，登顶最后路段需要徒步，故选B。8．细节理解题。根据Themainreasonisthatdifferentkindsofmineralslieindifferentrocklayers.可知主要原因是不同岩层存在各类矿物质，故选C。9．细节理解题。根据ThebesttimetovisitisfromMaytoOctober可知最佳游览时段5月至10月，适合清晨或傍晚，避开强光，七月符合时段要求，故选A。10．文章出处题。A小说，B故事书，C旅游指南。文章介绍景点成因、最佳游览时间、出行路线等旅行相关信息，文体属于旅游指南，故选C。【答案】11．A；12．E；13．C；14．D；15．B【知识点】记叙文；短视频【解析】【分析】短文讲述海涛暑假整日沉迷手机短视频，慢慢出现注意力无法集中等"脑腐"问题。文章分析短视频极易使人上瘾，这种浅层快乐会带来负面影响，并启发海涛走出屏幕，去现实生活中寻找真正的乐趣。

A.Jnfact,hewasn'talone.事实上不止他一人。

B.Itwastimeforhimtofindrealfunagain!是时候让他再次找到真正的乐趣了！

C.Oncehestarted,itwasreallyhardtostop.一旦他开始，真的很难停下来。

D.However,this"easyfun"cameatahighprice.然而，这种"轻松的乐趣"付出了高昂的代价。

E.Atfirst,hethoughtitwasfunanditwouldn'tchangeanything.起初，他觉得这很有趣，不会改变任何事情。

【点评】考查阅读还原，首先理解所给选项意思，然后通读全文，根据前后句相关语句最终选择正确答案。11．根据前文Lastsummerholiday,Haitaothoughtitwouldbeagreatchancetorelax,sohewasgluedtothescreenfrommorningtillnight.(去年暑假，海涛觉得这是放松的好机会，于是整天从早到晚都黏在屏幕前)，可知去年暑假海涛从早到晚盯着屏幕，结合选项可知A选项Infact,hewasn'talone.(事实上不止他一人)，后文引用调查说明多数中国人长时间使用手机，此句衔接个人事例与普遍社会现象，起到过渡作用，故选A。12．根据前文Duringtheholiday,Haitaooftenwatchedshortvideosandcheckednewupdates.Itbecamehisdailyhabit.(假期里，海涛经常刷短视频并查看新动态，这已成为他的日常习惯)，可知刷短视频成了海涛日常习惯，结合选项可知E选项Atfirst,hethoughtitwasfunanditwouldn'tchangeanything.(起初，他觉得这很有趣，不会改变任何事情)，后文Butsoon,hefeltsomethingwaswrong.(但很快他发现不对劲)，Atfirst和soon构成时间对比，转折逻辑严密，故选E。13．根据前文Watchingthoseshortvideosandupdateswaslikeeatinghisfavoritesnack.(看那些短视频和更新就像吃他最喜欢的零食)，可知刷短视频如同吃喜爱的零食，结合选项可知C选项Oncehestarted,itwasreallyhardtostop.(一旦他开始，真的很难停下来)，可知说明短视频极易使人沉迷，和后文消磨时间的表述顺畅衔接，故选C。14．前文介绍海涛依靠短视频轻松打发时间，结合选项可知D选项However,this"easyfun"cameatahighprice.(然而这种轻易获得的快乐代价高昂)，however实现语义转折，引出后文屏幕使用越久现实生活越不快乐的负面影响，逻辑层次清晰，故选D。15．根据前文Heknewheshouldn'tletthescreenstakeoverhisfreetimeandturnhisbrain"rotten".(他明白不能让电子产品占据闲暇时间造成"脑腐")，结合选项可知B选项Itwastimeforhimtofindrealfunagain!(是时候让他再次找到真正的乐趣了)，呼应全文主题，作为结尾升华观点，故选B。【答案】16．B；17．C；18．A；19．B；20．A；21．B；22．A；23．B；24．C；25．B【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者之前压力巨大，李老师用举水瓶的事例教育大家要学会释放压力，作者深受启发，主动调整状态、和父母沟通，学会放下压力，变得更加自信快乐。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。16．句意：我作业太多，父母总是拿我和表哥作比较。A分享，B比较，C争斗。根据前文Iwasundergreatpressure.(我承受着巨大的压力)，可知讲的是原因是父母总拿作者和表哥比较，comparesb.withsb.拿某人与他人对比，固定搭配，符合压力大的语境，故选B。17．句意：一天，李老师拿着一瓶水走进教室。A洗手间，B卧室，C教室。teacher老师，人物身份是老师，场景为课堂，故选C。18．句意：这瓶水有多重？A重的，B大的，C小的。根据下文About500grams(克)(大约500克)，可知是回答重量，所以用howheavy提问，故选A。19．句意：我拿的时间越长，它就变得越重。A更短的，B更长的，C更高的。the+比较级，the+比较级，越......越......，固定搭配，根据theheavieritbecomes(它就变得越重)，结合选项可知讲的是拿的时间越长，它就变得越重，故选B。20．句意：如果拿一小时，我的右臂就会疼痛。A疼痛，B测试，C休息。根据IfIholditforanhour(如果拿一小时)，可知长时间举重物手臂会酸痛，haveapain疼痛，故选A。21．句意：这个瓶子就像你们身上的压力。A杯子，B瓶子，C盘子。前文老师拿着一瓶水，用瓶子类比压力，故选B。22．句意：如果你能学会放松，我相信你们会过上快乐的生活。A快乐的，B不开心的，C艰难的。根据pleaselearntorelax可知学会放松压力，生活会更加愉快，故选A。23．句意：听完这番话，我决定做出改变。A允许，B决定，C忘记。makeachange做出改变，根据whenIfeelstressed,Istopandtakeashortbreak.Ialsotalktomyparentsaboutmyfeelings.(当我感到压力时，我会停下来休息一会儿。我也和父母谈谈我的感受)，可知作者决定做出改变，decidetodosth.决定做某事，固定搭配，贴合后文调整心态的行动，故选B。24．句意：令人惊讶的是，他们比以前更加认真倾听我的想法。A重要的是，B不幸地，C令人惊讶地。根据heylistenmorecarefullythanbefore(他们比以前更加认真倾听我的想法)，可知和父母沟通后父母态度发生转变，作者感到惊讶，故选C。25．句意：时不时学会放下压力切实帮助我成长。A增强，B放下，C遭受。前文老师比喻要适时放下水瓶，引申为放下压力，putdown放下，故选B。【答案】26．earliest；27．haveread；28．my；29．soldiers；30．return；31．and；32．the；33．of；34．toenter；35．successfully【知识点】说明文；文学著作；and；early；my；of；return；soldier；successfully；the【解析】【分析】短文介绍中国两部经典著作《诗经》与《史记》，分别讲解《诗经》内容、代表篇目《采薇》以及《史记》作者、记载跨度、大禹治水故事，点明阅读经典有助于了解中国历史文化，值得品读。

【点评】考查语法填空，首先理解所给单词的词义及词性，然后结合前后句确定单词，最后结合语法确定单词正确形式。26．句意：《诗经》是中国最早的诗歌总集。early早，形容词原级，修饰名词collection。定冠词the后使用形容词最高级，early的最高级是earliest，最早的，故填earliest。27．句意：自去年以来，我已经读过两遍这本书。read读，实义动词。sincelastyear是现在完成时标志，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是I，所以用have，read的过去分词是read，故填haveread。28．句意：在这本书所有诗歌当中，我最喜欢的一篇是《采薇》。I我，主格，做主语。修饰名词favouriteone需要形容词性物主代词，I的形容词性物主代词是my，我的，故填my。29．句意：这首诗主要讲述士兵们不得不离家征战多年。soldier士兵，可数名词，前面my表示单数的a或者one，所以用复数soldiers，故填soldiers。30．句意：但是由于战争他们无法回家。return返回，实义动词。情态动词couldn't后接动词原形，所以用return，故填return。31．句意：通过读这首诗，我们能够感受到他们的悲伤并且看到战争有多么残酷。句子缺少连词，feeltheirsadness感受到他们的悲伤，seehowhardthewarscouldbe看到战争有多么残酷，可知前后两个谓语动作并列，用并列连词and，并且，故填and。32．句意：《史记》是中国第一部纪传体通史。序数词firs