湖北省武汉市2025-2026学年高二英语下学期3月阶段性检测试卷【含答案】

试卷满分：150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodonext?A.Havedinner.B.Attendaparty.C.Goshopping.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inastadium.C.Inaclassroom.3.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Getanewbicycle.B.Buyasecond-handbicycle.C.Savemoneyforsomethingelse.4.Howmuchdoesthemantipthewoman?A.$9.B.$10.C.$19.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atouristattraction.B.Plansforvacation.C.AnimalsinAlaska.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Shopassistantandcustomer.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Doctorandpatient.7.HowisAlice’sskincondition?A.Normal.B.Oily.C.Dry.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whatfruitdoesthewomanwanttoeat?A.Apear.B.Abanana.C.Anorange.9.Whydoesthemanrefusetosharethefruit?A.Itisnotbigenough.B.Itsflavorisn’tverygood.C.It’sagainsthisculturaltradition.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whatdidtheman’sparentsstophimfromdoing?A.Eatingtoomuch.B.Usingdirtyhandstoeatfood.C.Swallowingfoodquickly.11.Whatdidthewoman’smotherscareherwith?A.Beingsenttotheprison.B.Beinginfectedbybacteria.C.Beingtakenawaybyamonster.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhermother’slie?A.Understandable.B.Meaningless.C.Funny.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whenisthewomansupposedtohandinheressay?A.BynextMonday.B.BynextTuesday.C.BynextFriday.14.Whyisthewomanbehindwithherwritingclass?A.Shewasillforaweek.B.Shefoundittoodifficult.C.Shewasbusywithaperformance.15.Howdoesthemanfindhiscollegelife?A.Busy.B.Boring.C.Colorful.16.WhatdoesthewomanwanttodonextWednesday?A.Seeanexhibition.B.Gotoaball.C.Watchaplay.听下面一段对话，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whereisthecemeterylocated?A.Inamountainousarea.B.Besideananimalreserve.C.NeartheAnacostiaRiver.18.Whydocemeteryofficialsusegoatstokilltheweeds?A.Todeveloplocaleconomy.B.Toprotecttheenvironment.C.Toreducethecost.19.WhoisMaryBowen?A.Acompanyowner.B.Aprogramdirector.C.Anenvironmentalexpert.20.Whatisusedtokeepthegoatsfromleavingthecemetery?A.Awoodenfence.B.Anelectronicfence.C.Abrickwall.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAIhasofficiallymovedoutofsci-fimoviesandintoourdailywork,changinghowwesolveproblems.Ifyou’rejuststartingout,abeginner’sAIcoursewillhelpyougetahandleonwhatAIisandhowyoucanstartusingit.Whatexactlyisabeginner’sAIcourse?Abeginner’sAIcourseisnotdesignedtoturnyouintoanexpert.Youwon’tbediggingthroughcomplexacademicpapers.Thepointistopullbackthecurtainonthefundamentalideasbehindthetechnologyinawaythatjustmakessense.Criteriaforanidealbeginner’sAIcourse·Beginnerfocus:Cuttechnicaltermsandexplainconceptsclearly.·Practicallearning:ProvideexamplesandusecasesthatshowhowAIisbeingused.·Reliableinstruction:Invitewell-knowninstitutionsandexpertsinthefield.·Highengagement:Mixthingsupwithvideos,exercises,andprojects.·Goodvalue:Offerbothfreeandpaidoptionsthatreallydeliver.Acomparisonofthebestbeginner’sAIcoursesCourseNameBestForPriceDurationElementsofAIAnyonewantingtounderstandthebasicswithoutmath.Free15-30hours(self-paced)GenerativeAIforEveryoneInteractive,practicallearningforGenAI.Paidsubscription3hoursGoogleAIEssentialsGainingpracticalskillsfordailytasks.Freetrial5hoursMicrosoft’sAIforBeginnersEagerlearnerswhowantanadvanced,structuredcourse.Free12weeks(self-paced)Whateveryouwant,there’sanoptionthatfits—andyourAIlearningjourneystartsnow!1.Whatistheaimofabeginner’sAIcourse?A.ToteachAIbasics. B.Toguideacademicresearch.C.TotrainITexperts. D.Tosolvetechnicalproblems.2.Whatisafeatureofanidealbeginner’sAIcourse?A.Livestreamingfromexperts. B.PracticalAIusageinreality.C.Freeaccesstoremotelearning. D.Cleardefinitionoftechnicalterms.3.Whichcoursebestsuitslearnerswhopreferthebasicsandaflexibleschedule?A.ElementsofAI. B.GenerativeAIforEveryone.C.GoogleAIEssentials. D.Microsoft’sAIforBeginners.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了适合初学者的AI课程相关信息及推荐。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Whatexactlyisabeginner’sAIcourse?部分中“Abeginner’sAIcourseisnotdesignedtoturnyouintoanexpert.Youwon’tbediggingthroughcomplexacademicpapers.Thepointistopullbackthecurtainonthefundamentalideasbehindthetechnologyinawaythatjustmakessense.(人工智能初学者课程的目的不是把你培养成专家。你不需要钻研复杂的学术论文。它的意义在于，用通俗易懂的方式，揭开这项技术背后基本原理的神秘面纱。)”可知，初学者AI课程的目的是教授AI基础知识。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Criteriaforanidealbeginner’sAIcourse部分中“Practicallearning:ProvideexamplesandusecasesthatshowhowAIisbeingused.(实践学习：提供展示人工智能如何被使用的示例和用例。)”可知，理想的初学者AI课程的特点是现实中的AI实际应用。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据表格中第一行ElementsofAI对应的“Anyonewantingtounderstandthebasicswithoutmath.(适合所有想了解基础知识且不用学数学的人)”、“15-30hours(self-paced)(15-30小时（自学进度）)”可知，ElementsofAI最适合喜欢基础知识且时间灵活的学习者。故选A。BMarkTwain’swordsstrikeadeepchord(心弦)withwriters,“Thedifferencebetweentherightwordandthealmostrightwordisthedifferencebetweenlightningandalightningbug.”Thisquoteshowsthetiringprocessofrewritinganovel.Thefirstdraftfeelslikeanexcitingfirstdate—fullofpromiseandrelaxation.Youfinishwithabroadsmile,imaginingreadersapplaudingyourbrilliance.Butthathoneymoonperiodlastsonlyabout48hours.Soon,thesinkingfeelingsetsinasyourevisityourdraft,realizingthehardparthasjustbegun.Rewritingiswhererealwritersemerge.It’stimetodigdeep,pullingoutthetoolsandtechniquesyou’vegatheredovertheyears.Yourevisityourfavoriteauthors,hopingthey’llofferguidancefornavigatingtherockyroadofrevision.Rewritingdemandsyoucombthrougheachsentence,ensuringitcontainstheexactrightword.Everycharactermustearnitsplaceinthestory,andeachchaptershouldcontributemeaningfullytothenarrative.Evenyourbelovedpiecesofdialoguemayneedtobecut.Ilearnedthiswhileworkingonmynovel.Therewritingprocesshaunted(萦绕)me,andIoftenquestionediftheeffortwasworthit.Onenight,nearing2a.m.afteranexhaustingsession,Ithoughtaboutabandoningmywork.That’swhenIcameacrossthefilmInTime,whichhighlightedmydeepestfear:thetimeinvestedinmynovel.Atthatmoment,Istruckadealwithmyself.Idecidedtoceasetheself-criticismandrecapturethejoythatfueledmywriting.Icommittedtoevaluatingmyworkpagebypage,asking,“DoIloveit?”Ifnot,Ireplacedit.Here’smyadvice:reawakenyourpassionandexamineyourworkonepageatatime.Writingisajourney,andtherewritingperiodbridgesinspirationandasatisfyingfinishedproduct.Remember,the“rightword”isthekeytoexcellence.4.WhatdoMarkTwain’swordsimply?A.Revisingisarockyroad. B.Readers’feelingmatters.C.Quotingpreciselyisamust. D.Thefirstdraftrarelyfallsshort.5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofrewriting?A.Time-wasting. B.Labor-saving. C.Heartbreaking. D.Painstaking.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Whichwordshouldbehighlighted. B.Whythewritingprocessisquestioned.C.WhatthefilmInTimetalksabout. D.Howthepassionforrewritingisfueled.7.Whatdoestheauthor’sadviceshow?A.Theroleofinspirationinwriting.B.Theimportanceofproperwording.C.Thereasonformakingrewritingunique.D.Thejourneytocreatinganexcellentproduct.【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了修改在写作中的重要性，讲述了修改的艰辛以及作者重新找回写作热情的经历。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段““Thedifferencebetweentherightwordandthealmostrightwordisthedifferencebetweenlightningandalightningbug.”Thisquoteshowsthetiringprocessofrewritinganovel.(“准确的词和几乎准确的词之间的区别就是闪电和萤火虫之间的区别。”这句话说明了改写小说的累人过程。)”以及第二段“Yourevisityourfavoriteauthors,hopingthey’llofferguidancefornavigatingtherockyroadofrevision.(你重温你最喜欢的作家，希望他们能为你在艰难的修订之路上提供指导)”可知，马克·吐温的话暗示修改是一条艰难的路。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thisquoteshowsthetiringprocessofrewritinganovel.(这句话说明了改写小说的累人过程。)”和第三段“Rewritingdemandsyoucombthrougheachsentence,ensuringitcontainstheexactrightword.(改写要求你仔细梳理每一句话，确保用词精准无误。)”可知，作者认为改写是辛苦且细致的。故选D项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Idecidedtoceasetheself-criticismandrecapturethejoythatfueledmywriting.(我决定停止自我批评，重新找回激发我写作的乐趣。)”以及段落内容可知，本段主要讲述作者如何重新找回写作与修改的热情。故选D项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Remember,the“rightword”isthekeytoexcellence.(记住，“准确的用词”是优秀作品的关键。)”可知，作者的建议表明了恰当用词的重要性。故选B项。CResearchersfromtheUniversityofBuenosAireshavesuccessfullyusedarobotictutortoteachthemalechingolo,akindofsmallbirdinSouthAmerica,asongthatwasoncepartofthespecies’culturebuthadbeenlostformorethanhalfacentury.Malechingoloslearntheirunique,two-secondmelodyfromadultmales.“Itisadistinctivesong—likeafingerprint,butlearned,”saysoneoftheresearchers.“Itservestoattractfemalesandprotectterritory.Itisthebird’swayofsaying,“Thisisme,andhereIam.”However,urbanizationandhabitatlosshavebrokenthislearningchain,causinglocalsong“dialects”todisappear.Drivenbythisproblem,researcherstookonapioneeringtask:bringingbackasongthathaddisappearedfromthewild—knownonlyfromamusicalrecordmadeinthe1960s—toapopulationofchingolos.Usingphysics-basedmodelingofthebird’svocaltract(声道),theteamfirstcreatedanaccurateartificialversionofthelostsong.Theythenengineeredthismodelintoaphysicaldevicedesignedtobroadcasttheforgottenmelody—a“robotictutor.”ThisartificialsongwasintroducedtothechingolosintheparkduringtheircriticallearningperiodfromOctobertoFebruary.Thesessionstookplaceduringpeaksinginghoursandwerelimitedtoamaximumofeighthours.Therewererandompauses(停顿)inbetweensothatthebirdsinterpretedtheplaybackfromthethreedevicesplacedintheareaasarealexchange,asifthesedeviceswererespondingtoeachother.Thisstimulatedthebirds’vocalresponses.Theresultswereimpressive.Youngchingoloslearnedandadoptedthesong,thoughtheyaddedtheirownpopulation’s“accent”tothefinaltrill(颤音),whichshowedthattheirsingingisshapedbylearnedbehaviorsandinborncharacteristics.“Thisisaboutpreservingnotjustgenetic,butculturalbiodiversity,”saysanotherresearcher.TheteamisnowdevelopingAIsystemstoautomaticallyidentifyindividualbirdsongsandplanningtostudyculturalspreadinbirdpopulationstoensurethatbirdcultureisnotlostagain.8.Whydidtheresearchersteachthebirdsthesong?A.Tosaveanendangeredspecies. B.Tostudythebirds’brainstructure.C.Todevelopnewroboticdevices. D.Topreservethebirds’culturalheritage.9.Whatisaroleofchingolos’song?A.Itkeepshuntersawayfromthem. B.Ithelpsthemadapttourbangrowth.C.Itfunctionsastheirsocialidentity. D.Itmakesthemremembertheirhabitat.10.Whatisthepurposeoftherandompauses?A.Toprotectthebirds’vocaltract. B.Totestthebirds’reactionspeed.C.Topushthebirdstocatchthebeat. D.Totrickthebirdsintointeraction.11.Whatcanwelearnfromchingolos’learningresults?A.Thesonghasspreadtootherbirdspecies. B.Theirsingingshowsspecialvocalfeatures.C.Theirresponsetothesongneedsimproving. D.Theeffectivenessdependsontheirpopulation.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的研究人员成功利用机器人导师，让一种南美小鸟——雄性红领带鹀重新学会了一首曾是该物种文化一部分，但已消失半个多世纪的歌曲，以及研究过程、结果和意义。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBuenosAireshavesuccessfullyusedarobotictutortoteachthemalechingolo,akindofsmallbirdinSouthAmerica,asongthatwasoncepartofthespecies’culturebuthadbeenlostformorethanhalfacentury.(布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的研究人员已成功使用机器人导师，教南美一种小型鸟类——雄性红领带鹀学习一首曾属于该物种文化、但已消失半个多世纪的鸣唱)”以及最后一段“Thisisaboutpreservingnotjustgenetic,butculturalbiodiversity(这不仅是为了保护遗传多样性，也是为了保护文化多样性)”可知，研究人员教鸟儿这首歌是为了保护鸟类的文化遗产。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Itservestoattractfemalesandprotectterritory.Itisthebird’swayofsaying,“Thisisme,andhereIam.”(它用来吸引雌鸟和保护领地。这是鸟儿表达“这就是我，我就在这里”的方式。)”可知，红领带鹀的歌声是它们的社会身份标识。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Therewererandompauses(停顿)inbetweensothatthebirdsinterpretedtheplaybackfromthethreedevicesplacedintheareaasarealexchange,asifthesedeviceswererespondingtoeachother.Thisstimulatedthebirds’vocalresponses.(中间有随机停顿，这样鸟儿就会把放置在该区域的三个设备播放的声音当作真实的交流，就好像这些设备在互相回应一样。这刺激了鸟类的发声反应。)”可知，随机停顿的目的是诱使鸟儿进行互动。故选D项。11题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Youngchingoloslearnedandadoptedthesong,thoughtheyaddedtheirownpopulation’s“accent”tothefinaltrill(颤音),whichshowedthattheirsingingisshapedbylearnedbehaviorsandinborncharacteristics.(年轻的红领带鹀学习并采用了这首歌，尽管它们在最后的颤音中加入了自己种群的“口音”，这表明它们的歌声是由习得行为和先天特征共同塑造的。)”可知，从红领带鹀的学习结果中我们可以了解到它们的歌声表现出特殊的发声特征。故选B项。DWhenyourub(摩擦)aballoononyourskin,itproduceselectricity—afamiliarexampleofchargeseparation(电荷分离),aprocessinwhichoppositechargesareseparated,creatingelectricpotential.Similarly,raindropsstrikinganarrowtubecreateatinyyetsignificantburstofenergy.Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)havetappedintothiseffecttogenerateelectricityusingrain-likedroplets.Conventionalhydropower(水力发电)reliesonlargewaterflows,whichonlyworkinplaceslikerivers.Forsmaller,slowerflows,researchershaveexploredchargeseparation.Theyuseatubetoletwaterflowthroughitcontinuously.Chargesgatheronthesurfacethatthewatertouches.Inthisway,researcherscancollectcharges,butitisfarfromeffective.Tosolvethisproblem,theNUSteambuiltaspecialdevice.Atbothendsofthedevice—thetopofthenewly-designedtube(about2millimetersinwidth),andthewater-collectingcupatthebottom—electricalwireswereplacedtoharvestcharges.First,waterisreleasedfromametalneedle,formingrain-likedroplets.Whenthesedropletsenterthetube,theirimpactscreate“plugflow,”inwhichthewaterformsminicolumnsseparatedbyairgaps.Thisflowiscrucialbecauseitallowsmoresurfacecontactandmoretimeforchargestobuildup,generatingupto100,000timesmorechargeseparationthancontinuousflow.Aschargeddropletsexitthetubeandfallintothecup,chargesbuildupinthewater,creatinganelectriccurrent.Intests,fourtubesproducedenoughelectricitytopower12LEDlightscontinuouslyfor20seconds.Accordingtothestudy’sleadauthor,thismodelshowshowraincanbeusedtogeneratecleanelectricityeffectivelyandsustainably,especiallyinrainyplacessuchasSingapore.Itspotentialisenormous,asitoffersanalternativeenergysourceevenincities.Imaginearaincollectiondeviceonyourroof,producingsmallamountsofelectricitywheneveritrains—asmallstepforaraindrop,butagiantleapforsustainableenergytechnology.12.WhatproblemdotheNUSresearchersaimtosolve?A.Thedifficultyofseparatingcharges. B.Thelackofcleanelectricitysources.C.Theinefficiencyofchargeharvesting. D.Thedamageoftraditionalhydropower.13.Whichofthefollowingbestillustrates“plugflow”?A. B. C. D.14.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyaboutconcerningthemodel?A.Itspotentialcostinurbanareas. B.Itspromisinguseingreenenergy.C.Itscomplexdesignforrainpower. D.Itspracticalneedformoredevices.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RevolutionaryEnergyfromRaindrops B.UrgentDemandforSustainableEnergyC.CapturingRaindropsthroughInnovation D.TurningChargeSeparationintoElectricity【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡国立大学的研究人员通过利用雨滴撞击窄管产生的电荷分离效应，开发出一种新型发电装置，有效解决了小流量水发电效率低的问题，展示了雨滴发电在绿色能源领域的巨大潜力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Forsmaller,slowerflows,researchershaveexploredchargeseparation.Theyuseatubetoletwaterflowthroughitcontinuously.Chargesgatheronthesurfacethatthewatertouches.Inthisway,researcherscancollectcharges,butitisfarfromeffective.(对于更小、更慢的水流，研究人员已经探索了电荷分离。他们用一根管子让水不断流过。电荷聚集在水接触的表面。通过这种方式，研究人员可以收集电荷，但效果远不理想。)”可知，研究人员面临的问题是收集电荷的效率很低。因此，NUS研究人员旨在解决的问题是电荷收集的低效性。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Whenthesedropletsenterthetube,theirimpactscreate“plugflow,”inwhichthewaterformsminicolumnsseparatedbyairgaps.(当这些水滴进入管道时，它们的撞击会产生“塞流”，即水形成由气隙隔开的小柱。)”可知，“塞流”指的是水形成由气隙隔开的小柱，结合选项可知，D项符合“塞流”的特点。故选D项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Accordingtothestudy’sleadauthor,thismodelshowshowraincanbeusedtogeneratecleanelectricityeffectivelyandsustainably,especiallyinrainyplacessuchasSingapore.Itspotentialisenormous,asitoffersanalternativeenergysourceevenincities.Imaginearaincollectiondeviceonyourroof,producingsmallamountsofelectricitywheneveritrains—asmallstepforaraindrop,butagiantleapforsustainableenergytechnology.(根据该研究的主要作者的说法，这个模型展示了如何有效地和可持续地利用雨水来发电，特别是在像新加坡这样的多雨地区。它的潜力是巨大的，因为它即使在城市中也提供了一种替代能源。想象一下，在你的屋顶上有一个雨水收集装置，每当下雨时都能产生少量的电力——对雨滴来说是一小步，但对可持续能源技术来说是一大步。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是该模型在绿色能源方面有前景的应用。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)havetappedintothiseffecttogenerateelectricityusingrain-likedroplets.(现在，新加坡国立大学（NUS）的研究人员利用这种效应，利用类似雨滴的水滴发电。)”可知，文章主要介绍了新加坡国立大学的研究人员利用雨滴撞击窄管产生的电荷分离效应来发电，展示了雨滴发电在绿色能源领域的巨大潜力，因此，A项“RevolutionaryEnergyfromRaindrops(来自雨滴的革命性能源)”是最合适的标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenaskedforareasoningoranswertoaquestion,doyoufindyourself-needingtoexplainyourthoughtsatlength,goingintotoomuchdetailtoensurethatyourpointsaremade?____16____.Youtendtoexplainsomethinginmoredetail—thanrequiredandbeyondwhatisuseful.____17____Forsomeoneaskingaquestion,anoverexplainedanswercanbequiteconfusingwhenadirectandsimpleresponsejustworks.However,forthepersonanswering,theyfeelworriedthatthe“directandsimpleresponse’’doesn’tgetacrossenoughinformation.Overexplainingmaystartfromayoungage,especiallyforthosewhogrewupinahousewheretheyfeltliketheyweren’tlistenedtoorheard.____18____Thisfearcanfollowintoadulthoodandleadtoaneedtoexplaineverythingsothatthey’renotpunishedagain.Overexplainingmighthavedevelopedasahandlingstrategyanddefencemechanism,makingithardtostop,especiallywhencoupledwithafearofrejectionorbeingabandoned.It’shardtostopoverexplainingwhenit’shardwiredintoyourbrain.Thekeyisbeingawareandnoticingwhenyou’reexplainingmorethanyoushould.Onceyourecognizeit,youcantrytoholdbackalittle,Ittakestimetolearnhowtowrestlewiththeurgetosaymore.____19____.Oneofthehardestthingsislearningto“justsayno”Whenyou’reaskedtodosomethingyoudon’treallywanttodo,itcanbedifficultnottoexplainindetail.____20____Intruth,theoverexplanationismoretoeaseyoursenseofguilt.However,youdon’toweanyoneanexplanationinadecline.It’sperfectlyokaytosimplysay,“No,butthankyoufortheoffer.”A.Inthiscaseyouareoverexplaining.B.Butitgetseasierwithmorepractice.C.Youfeelsorryforwhatyouhaveexplained.D.Overexplainingupsetsbothendsoftheconversation.E.Theywereworriedabouttheenvironmenttheygrewupin.F.Maybetheyevengotpunishedwithoutachancetoexplain.G.Byoverexplaining,youintendtosavetheotherperson’sfeelings.【答案】16.A17.D18.F19.B20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出有人回答问题时会过度解释，这会让对话双方不适。过度解释可能源于童年经历，克服它需先意识到，多练习会更容易，拒绝时也不必过度解释。【16题详解】上文“Whenaskedforareasoningoranswertoaquestion,doyoufindyourself-needingtoexplainyourthoughtsatlength,goingintotoomuchdetailtoensurethatyourpointsaremade?(当被要求对一个问题进行推理或回答时，你是否发现自己需要详细地解释自己的想法，为了确保自己的观点被表达出来而过于详细？)”提出了一个问题，即是否会过度解释。A选项“Inthiscaseyouareoverexplaining.(在这种情况下，你就是在过度解释。)”直接回应了上文的问题，指出上文描述的情况就是过度解释，符合题意。故选A。【17题详解】下文“Forsomeoneaskingaquestion,anoverexplainedanswercanbequiteconfusingwhenadirectandsimpleresponsejustworks.However,forthepersonanswering,theyfeelworriedthatthe‘directandsimpleresponse’doesn’tgetacrossenoughinformation.(对于提问者来说，当直接而简单的回答就能解决问题时，过度解释的答案可能会让人感到困惑。然而，对于回答者来说，他们担心“直接而简单的回答”没有传达足够的信息。)”描述了过度解释对提问者和回答者双方的影响。D选项“Overexplainingupsetsbothendsoftheconversation.(过度解释会让对话的双方都感到不安。)”概括了下文的内容，指出了过度解释的负面影响，符合题意。故选D。【18题详解】上文“Overexplainingmaystartfromayoungage,especiallyforthosewhogrewupinahousewheretheyfeltliketheyweren’tlistenedtoorheard.(过度解释可能从小就开始，尤其是对于那些在成长过程中觉得自己没有被倾听或理解的人来说。)”说明了过度解释可能源于童年经历。F选项“Maybetheyevengotpunishedwithoutachancetoexplain.(也许他们甚至没有机会解释就受到了惩罚。)”进一步解释了为什么这些人会过度解释，即他们可能因为无法解释而受到惩罚，从而形成了过度解释的习惯，符合题意。故选F。【19题详解】上文“It’shardtostopoverexplainingwhenit’shardwiredintoyourbrain.Thekeyisbeingawareandnoticingwhenyou’reexplainingmorethanyoushould.Onceyourecognizeit,youcantrytoholdbackalittle,Ittakestimetolearnhowtowrestlewiththeurgetosaymore.(当过度解释已经成为你大脑中的固定模式时，很难停止。关键是要有意识，并注意到你解释得比应该的要多。一旦你意识到了这一点，你就可以试着克制一点。学会如何克制自己想要多说的冲动需要时间。)”说明了停止过度解释的困难以及应对方法。B选项“Butitgetseasierwithmorepractice.(但是随着更多的练习，它会变得更容易。)”与上文中的“Ittakestimetolearnhowtowrestlewiththeurgetosaymore.”相呼应，强调了通过练习可以逐渐克服过度解释的习惯，符合题意。故选B。【20题详解】下文“Intruth,theoverexplanationismoretoeaseyoursenseofguilt.However,youdon’toweanyoneanexplanationinadecline.It’sperfectlyokaytosimplysay,“No,butthankyoufortheoffer.”(事实上，过度解释更多是为了缓解你的内疚感。然而，在拒绝时，你并不欠任何人一个解释。简单地说“不，但谢谢你的提议”是完全可以的。)”说明了过度解释在拒绝时的心理动机以及正确的做法。G选项“Byoverexplaining,youintendtosavetheotherperson’sfeelings.(通过过度解释，你试图保护对方的感情。)”与下文中的“theoverexplanationismoretoeaseyoursenseofguilt”相呼应，解释了为什么人们会在拒绝时过度解释，即试图保护对方的感情或缓解自己的内疚感，符合题意。故选G。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mymotherwasthemosthorriblecook,unbelievablybadatit.Herproblemwasthelackof____21____—farfrombeingbad,shethoughtshewas____22____.Butunderneaththat,itwasasetofmisunderstandings,anyoneofwhichwouldhavebeenenoughtomakeyou____23____toeatatherhouse.Shethoughteverythingcouldbe____24____byadriedapricot(杏).Shewasextremelyexperimentalbutignoredbasic____25____.Sowhenshediedearlierthisyear,I____26____manythingswouldmakeme____27____her,butnoneofthethingswouldbeedible.Theonly____28____thoughtIcouldhavewouldbe:“ThankGod.Ineverhavetoeatthatpeanutsoupagain,whichhadanapricotinit.”AndIhavetotalkaboutherappletree.It’sjusta____29____tree,butitproducesenoughapplesto____30____anarmyoveramountain.Forthreemonthsofeveryyear,Icouldnevergoandseeherwithouthersaying,“Pleasetakesomeapples,”andhandingmeahugebasket.Iwouldsay,“No,nobodyinmy____31____likesapplesandIdon’tevenlike____32____.”andshe’dgo,“Howaboutjustthese37applesatthetop?”,andI’dgo,“No.”Ofcourse,thisautumn,I’vebeen____33____bytheneedtofinishthemall.I’vemadealotofthingswithapples,andI’veeatenvastamountsoffoodthatareapple-associated.Asthe____34____drawstoaclose,Ican’t____35____enough:eatyourmother’sappleswhileshe’sstillalive.They’requitetasty.21.A.self-discipline B.self-knowledge C.self-respect D.self-pity22.A.responsible B.elegant C.attractive D.brilliant23.A.rush B.hate C.need D.expect24.A.lifted B.ruined C.created D.saved25A.manners B.principles C.services D.tools26.A.justified B.worried C.figured D.criticized27.A.thinkof B.comeacross C.arguewith D.callupon28.A.food-related B.time-honored C.well-intentioned D.good-natured29.A.huge B.tough C.regular D.beautiful30A.follow B.power C.defeat D.anticipate31.A.company B.school C.town D.family32.A.treats B.candy C.cuisines D.fruit33.A.spared B.interrupted C.possessed D.rejected34.A.season B.project C.celebration D.festival35.A.care B.respect C.stress D.laugh【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.A25.B26.C27.A28.A29.C30.B31.D32.D33.C34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者以幽默又深情的笔触回忆了母亲厨艺糟糕，但她却自认厨艺精湛，重点描绘了母亲每年强迫作者带走大量苹果的往事。母亲去世后的这个秋天，作者独自处理这些苹果时，才深切体会到那些苹果背后是母亲笨拙却满满的爱，从而领悟到要珍惜母亲在世时的点滴。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的问题在于缺乏自知之明——她不仅不认为自己差劲，反而觉得自己聪明绝顶。A.self-discipline自律；B.self-knowledge自知之明；C.self-respect自尊；D.self-pity自怜。根据后文“farfrombeingbad,shethoughtshewas

____.”可知，母亲认为自己并不差劲，对自己的厨艺没有正确的认知，即缺乏自知之明。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的问题在于缺乏自知之明——她不仅不认为自己差劲，反而觉得自己聪明绝顶。A.responsible负责任的；B.elegant优雅的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.brilliant出色的。根据前文“farfrombeingbad”和后文“misunderstandings”可知，她对自身厨艺认知错误，自认为厨艺出色。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在这表象之下，是一连串的误解，其中任何一个都足以让你讨厌在她家吃饭。A.rush冲；B.hate讨厌；C.need需要；D.expect期望。根据前文作者说母亲是“themosthorriblecook”以及后文提到她那些奇怪的烹饪理念可知，她的厨艺会让人讨厌去她家吃饭。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她认为任何东西都可以被一个干杏子提升。A.lifted提升，改善；B.ruined毁掉；C.created创造；D.saved拯救。根据前文“Shethoughteverythingcouldbe”和后文“Shewasextremelyexperimental”可推知，母亲喜欢尝试，认为杏子能提升菜肴。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她非常有实验精神，却忽视了基本原理。A.manners礼仪；B.principles原理，原则；C.services服务；D.tools工具。根据“butignored”以及语境可推知，烹饪属于一种技能，其基本原理是做好菜的基础，而母亲热衷于实验却忽略了这些。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当她今年早些时候去世时，我料想很多东西都会让我想起她，但没有一样东西会是可食用的。A.justified证明……合理；B.worried担心；C.figured料想，认为；D.criticized批评。根据“manythings”可推知，作者在母亲去世后，对什么会引发思念进行推测，用“figured”，表示“料想，认为”。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以当她今年早些时候去世时，我料想很多东西都会让我想起她，但没有一样东西会是可食用的。A.thinkof想起；B.comeacross偶然遇见；C.arguewith与……争论；D.callupon号召。根据前文“whenshediedearlierthisyear”和“manythingswouldmakeme”可推知，作者说的是触发对母亲回忆的事物，让作者想起母亲。故选A项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唯一与食物相关的念头是：“谢天谢地，我再也不用喝那碗加了杏子的花生汤了。”A.food-related与食物相关的；B.time-honored历史悠久的；C.well-intentioned善意的；D.good-natured性情温和的。根据后文“ThankGod.Ineverhavetoeatthatpeanutsoupagain,whichhadanapricotinit.”可知，这是关于母亲糟糕厨艺的具体食物记忆，因此是与食物相关的念头。故选A项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它就是一棵普通的树，但它结的苹果足以为一支军队翻山越岭提供能量。A.huge巨大的；B.tough坚韧的；C.regular普通的；D.beautiful美丽的。根据后文“butitproducesenough