全国翻译专业资格CATTI语法通关演练卷（含答案）

全国翻译专业资格CATTI语法通关演练卷（含答案）一、单项选择题（本部分共30小题，考点覆盖CATTI三级、二级综合能力考试全部核心语法考点，难度匹配考试要求）1.Bytheendofthisyear,theChinaInternationalTranslationIndustryAlliance______morethan200standardizedtrainingsessionsfortranslatorsengagedininternationaltechnicalandengineeringtranslation.A.hasconductedB.willhaveconductedC.hadconductedD.willconduct2.______thestandardizedterminologyglossarycompiledbytheprojectteaminadvance,theyoungconferenceinterpretermanagedtoavoidseveralcriticaltranslationerrorsinthehigh-stakessimultaneoustask.A.HavingconsultedB.ConsultingC.ConsultedD.Toconsult3.Manyinternationalorganizationclientsnowprefertocooperatewithseniortranslationteams______experienceincross-culturalcommunicationandqualitycontrolsystemfarexceedthoseofsmallfreelanceteams.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom4.Iftheprojectmanager______moreattentiontogrammaticalconsistencycheckintheproofreadingstagelastweek,thefinaldraftwouldnothavebeenreturnedforrevisionbytheclient.A.paidB.hadpaidC.haspaidD.wouldpay5.Thescopeofthesignedtranslationservicecontract______notincludehandwrittentexttranscriptionandproprietarytypesettingadjustmentofthefinaldraftaccordingtothelatestcooperationterms.A.isB.areC.doD.does6.______thecontinuousdevelopmentofneuralmachinetranslation,manyentry-leveltranslatorshavebeguntoimprovetheirgrammaticalanalysisabilitytoenhancetheircorecompetitiveness.A.WithB.ForC.AsD.By7.Itwasin2020______CATTIpromotedtheadjustmentoftheexaminationsyllabusandincreasedtheweightofgrammaticalaccuracyintranslationpracticeevaluation.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.where8.Mosttranslationresearchersandindustrypractitionershavereachedaclearconsensus______grammaticalaccuracyistheprimaryevaluationcriterionforlegalandmedicaltranslationworks.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whether9.______neuralmachinetranslationhasgreatlyimprovedtheworkingefficiencyofthetranslationindustry,itstillcannotreplacehumantranslatorsinhigh-stakestranslationscenariosthatrequirestrictlogicalconsistency.A.AsB.SinceC.WhileD.Because10.You______madesuchabasicsubject-verbagreementmistakeinthetranslationoftheofficialgovernmentdocument;youmusthaveskippedtheproofreadingstepintentionally.A.shouldn’thaveB.mustn’thaveC.needn’thaveD.can’thave11.Thetranslationteamwouldrathertheclient______theoriginaltextandrelevantbackgroundmaterialsoneweekinadvancethanonthedaybeforethedeliverydeadline.A.providesB.providedC.hasprovidedD.hadprovided12.Rarely______suchahighlevelofterminologicalandgrammaticalconsistencyina100,000-wordlarge-scaletranslationprojectcompletedbyacross-regionalteam.A.wehaveseenB.haveweseenC.wesawD.didwesee13.Thenewlyrevisedtranslationindustryspecificationrequiresthateverytranslationoutput______adoublecheckofgrammaticalaccuracyandterminologyconsistencybeforedelivery.A.willreceiveB.receivesC.receiveD.received14.______howbusythetranslationscheduleis,theseniortranslatoralwaysspares10%oftheworkingtimeforgrammarandterminologycheck.A.NomatterB.WhetherC.DespiteD.However15.Itisthelackofsystematicgrammaticaltraining______oftenleadstolow-qualitytranslationoutputofmanyentry-leveltranslators.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.why16.Bythetimetheinternationalconferencestarted,thetranslationteam______alltherelevantdocumentsandcontingencyplansforpossibleemergencies.A.preparedB.havepreparedC.hadpreparedD.werepreparing17.Theinterpreterdidnotrealizethatthegrammaticalstructureofthesentencehetranslatedwasambiguous______theaudienceraisedaquestionforclarification.A.unlessB.whenC.afterD.until18.Thedeliveryofthetranslationprojectwasheld______forthreedaysbecausetheclientfailedtoconfirmthefinalversionoftheoriginaltextonschedule.A.backB.upC.offD.out19.______thatthetranslationtaskwillbecompletedaheadofschedulemakesalltheteammembersveryexcited.A.TheprospectB.TheprospectisC.WhattheprospectD.Theprospectwhich20.Thetranslationqualityofthisbookismuchhigherthan______publishedtenyearsagoonthesametopic.A.oneB.thatC.thoseD.it21.Notonly______thegrammartraininghelpentry-leveltranslatorsimprovetheirtranslationaccuracy,butitalsohelpsthemimprovetheirmachinetranslationpost-editingefficiency.A.doesB.doC.didD.has22.Ireallyappreciate______totakepartinthenationaltranslationpracticeprojectorganizedbytheChinaTranslationAssociation.A.metoinviteB.myinvitingC.mybeinginvitedD.metobeinvited23.Thereislittlepoint______alargenumberoftranslationexerciseswithoutsummarizingthecommongrammaticalmistakesyouhavemade.A.doB.todoC.indoingD.fordoing24.Thisistheonlytranslationtrainingcourse______focusesonthegrammaticalproblemsthatareoftentestedinCATTIexamination.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where25.______leftuncorrected,thissmallgrammaticalmistakeinthecontracttranslationwillleadtohugeeconomicdisputesinthefuture.A.IfB.WhenC.UnlessD.Being26.Thetranslationtheoryholdsthatthestructureofthetargetlanguage______conformtothegrammaticalhabitsofthetargetlanguagereadersratherthantheoriginallanguage.A.shouldB.canC.mayD.must27.Thereasonwhyhistranslationiswidelypraisedbyreadersis______hepaysgreatattentiontothecollocationandgrammaticallogicofthetargetlanguage.A.becauseB.thatC.whyD.which28.Manytranslationpractitionersdonotknowthattheabilitytoanalyzegrammaticalstructure______adirectimpactonthespeedandaccuracyoftranslationwork.A.haveB.hasC.havingD.tohave29.Haditnotbeenforthehelpofmyseniortutor,I______suchagoodresultintheCATTILevel2translationexamination.A.wouldnotachieveB.didnotachieveC.hadnotachievedD.wouldnothaveachieved30.Youcanhardlyimagine______ahighlevelofgrammaticalawarenesscanimprovethequalityofyourtranslationoutput.A.whatB.thatC.howD.which二、语法改错题（本部分共10小题，每句包含1处语法错误，请找出错误并改正，考点覆盖翻译实践中常见语法失误及CATTI考试核心考点）1.Thenumberoftranslatorswhohaveregisteredforthisyear'sCATTIexaminationaremorethantwicethatoffiveyearsago.2.Havingworkedinthetranslationindustryformorethan20years,Mr.Li'stranslationworksalwaysmaintainextremelyhighgrammaticalaccuracy.3.TheCATTIexaminationsyllabusrequiresthatcandidatesmustmastermorethan8000commonvocabularyandbefamiliarwithallcoreEnglishgrammaticalrules.4.Machinetranslationoutputoftenhasgrammarerrorsthatdoesnotconformtotheexpressionhabitsofthetargetlanguage,whichrequirestranslatorstoconducttargetedpost-editing.5.Comparingwiththetranslationtenyearsago,thecurrenttranslationpaysmoreattentiontothefluencyandgrammaticalcorrectnessofthetargetlanguage.6.Neithertheprojectmanagernorthemembersofthetranslationteamiswillingtoacceptsuchatightdeliveryschedulewithlowpayment.7.Theinterpreterforgottochecktheterminologicaldatabaseandmissedakeygrammaticallogicintheoriginaltext,whichleadtothemisunderstandingoftheaudience.8.Toimprovetheabilityoftranslation,grammaticaltrainingmustbecarriedoutsystematicallybybeginners.9.Itisreportedthatmorethan30%ofthetranslationcontractdisputesiscausedbygrammaticalambiguityintranslation.10.AlargenumberofresearchshowsthatsystematicgrammartrainingcaneffectivelyimprovethepassingrateofCATTIexaminationforentry-levelcandidates.三、参考答案及解析（一）单项选择题1.答案：B解析：本题考点为将来完成时。bytheendof+将来时间作状语时，主句谓语动词需要用将来完成时，表示到将来某个时间点已经完成的动作，本句中时间状语为Bytheendofthisyear（今年年底，属于将来时间），因此选B。A选项现在完成时适用于bytheendof+过去时间的情况，C选项过去完成时适用于过去的过去时间语境，D选项一般将来时不强调动作的完成性，因此均排除。2.答案：A解析：本题考点为非谓语动词。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语为主句主语theyounginterpreter，consult这个动作发生在主句谓语动词managed之前，因此需要用现在分词的完成式Havingconsulted，表示动作的先后顺序。B选项一般式现在分词不强调动作先后，C选项过去分词表示被动，不符合逻辑关系，D选项不定式作状语多表目的或结果，不符合语义，因此选A。3.答案：C解析：本题考点为定语从句关系词。定语从句的先行词是seniortranslationteams，关系词在从句中作定语修饰experience，因此需要用关系代词whose，因此选C。who作主语或宾语，which指代物作主语或宾语，whom指代人作宾语，均不符合从句成分要求，排除。4.答案：B解析：本题考点为虚拟语气（对过去的虚拟）。if条件句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，从句谓语用haddone，主句谓语用would/could/mighthavedone。本句中时间状语lastmonth说明是过去的情况，因此从句用hadpaid，选B。5.答案：D解析：本题考点为主谓一致。句子主语是Thescope（范围，不可数单数名词），谓语动词是实义动词include，否定句需要用助动词does，因此选D。6.答案：A解析：本题考点为介词辨析。withthedevelopmentof是固定搭配，意为“随着…的发展”，as引导从句，后面需要接完整句子，因此选A。7.答案：B解析：本题考点为强调句。强调句的基本结构是Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分，本句被强调部分是in2020（时间状语），因此用that，选B。8.答案：B解析：本题考点为同位语从句。consensus后面接从句说明其具体内容时，从句是同位语从句，从句成分完整，不缺成分，因此用that引导，that不作成分，只起连接作用，因此选B。9.答案：C解析：本题考点为让步状语从句。while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”，符合本句语义逻辑：尽管神经机器翻译提升了效率，但是仍然不能代替人工。as引导让步状语从句需要倒装，since和because引导原因状语，因此选C。10.答案：A解析：本题考点为情态动词的完成式。shouldn’thavedone表示“本不应该做某事却做了”，符合本句语义：你本不应该犯这种低级错误，说明已经犯了，因此选A。mustn’t表示禁止，不用于推测，needn’thavedone表示本不必做却做了，can’thavedone表示不可能做过，均不符合语义。11.答案：B解析：本题考点为虚拟语气。wouldrather后面接宾语从句时，从句谓语用一般过去式表示对现在或将来的虚拟，本句是对将来情况的虚拟，因此用provided，选B。12.答案：B解析：本题考点为倒装。否定副词rarely放在句首时，句子需要部分倒装，把助动词提前，本句是现在完成时，表示到目前为止的情况，因此助动词是have，结构为haveweseen，选B。13.答案：C解析：本题考点为虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。表示要求、命令、建议的动词（如require,ask,demand,suggest等）后面接宾语从句时，从句谓语用should+动词原形，should可以省略，因此本句省略should，直接用动词原形receive，选C。14.答案：A解析：本题考点为让步状语从句。nomatterhow=however，但是本句中已经有howbusy，因此用Nomatter，结构为Nomatterhow+形容词/副词+主语+谓语，despite是介词，后面接名词，因此选A。15.答案：A解析：本题考点为强调句，被强调部分是thelackofsystematicgrammaticaltraining，因此用that连接，选A。16.答案：C解析：本题考点为过去完成时。bythetime+一般过去式的从句，主句谓语用过去完成时，表示到过去某个时间点已经完成的动作，本句从句started是一般过去式，因此主句用hadprepared，选C。17.答案：D解析：本题考点为时间状语从句固定搭配。not…until…意为“直到…才…”，符合本句语义：直到观众提出问题，译员才意识到语法结构有歧义，因此选D。18.答案：C解析：本题考点为动词短语辨析。holdoff意为“推迟，拖延”，holdback意为“隐瞒，阻止”，holdup意为“举起，支撑”，holdout意为“伸出，坚持”，本句语义是项目交付推迟，因此选C。19.答案：A解析：本题考点为句子结构。句子谓语是makes，因此主语是Theprospect，后面的that从句是同位语，结构完整，因此选A。其他选项都会造成句子有多个谓语，结构错误，排除。20.答案：B解析：本题考点为代词指代。that指代可数名词单数或不可数名词，指代前面提到的thetranslationquality，避免重复，因此选B。one指代可数名词单数泛指，those指代可数名词复数，it指代同一物，均不符合，排除。21.答案：A解析：本题考点为倒装。notonly放在句首，句子需要部分倒装，主语是thegrammartraining（单数），句子是一般现在时，因此助动词用does，选A。22.答案：C解析：本题考点为非谓语动词。appreciate后面接动名词作宾语，逻辑主语是I，I和invite是被动关系，因此用动名词的被动式mybeinginvited，因此选C。23.答案：C解析：本题考点为固定搭配。Thereislittlepointindoingsth是固定搭配，意为“做某事没有什么意义”，因此选C。24.答案：A解析：本题考点为定语从句关系词。先行词被theonly修饰，关系词用that，不用which，因此选A。25.答案：A解析：本题考点为状语从句的省略。完整结构是Ifitisleftuncorrected，省略itis之后，剩下Ifleft，因此选A。26.答案：A解析：本题考点为情态动词。翻译理论中，目的语结构应当符合目标语读者的语法习惯，should表示“应当，应该”，符合语义，因此选A。27.答案：B解析：本题考点为表语从句。Thereasonwhy…isthat…是固定结构，reason作主语，表语从句用that引导，因此选B。28.答案：B解析：本题考点为主谓一致。that引导的宾语从句，主语是theability，单数，因此谓语用has，选B。29.答案：D解析：本题考点为虚拟语气省略if的倒装。Haditnotbeenfor=Ifithadnotbeenfor，是对过去情况的虚拟，因此主句谓语用wouldnothaveachieved，选D。30.答案：C解析：本题考点为宾语从句连接词。how引导宾语从句修饰ahighlevel，表示“你很难想象语法意识对翻译质量的提升程度”，how符合语义，因此选C。（二）语法改错题答案及解析1.错误：are改正：is解析：本题考点为主谓一致。thenumberof+复数名词作主语，核心词是number（单数），谓语用单数，anumberof+复数名词作主语谓语才用复数，因此把are改为is。2.错误：Havingworked...Mr.Li'stranslation改正：Havingworkedinthetranslationindustryformorethan20years,Mr.Lialwaysmaintainsextremelyhighgrammaticalaccuracyin