江苏省常州市高三英语上学期期中检测试题（含解析）

江苏省常州市2021届高三英语上学期期中检测试题（含解析）

注意：

本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转

涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

1.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemovie?

A.Exciting.B.Boring.

C.Justsoso.

2.Whenwillthemangettothewoman'sparty?

A.Atabout6:30.B.Atabout7:00.C.At

about7:30.

3.Whereisthewomanorderingherfood?

A.Onherphone.B.Fromhercar.C.From

insidetherestaurant.

4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.Shedoesn，tlikethehorse.B.Brian'schoiceisinvain.C.Amanshould

earnmuchmoney.

5.Whatdoesthemanrea11yneed?

A.Awaytostorehispasswords.B.Anapptobuyalaptop.C.Anewusernameto

useonline.

第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中透出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whowillpayforthelunch?

A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.The

man*sboss.

7.Howwillthespeakersgoforthelunch?

A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.

C.Bytaxi.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatwillthemandothismorning?

A.Eatacake.B.Buyapresent.C.Lecture

inclass.

9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofspeakinginpublicforhim?

A.Honorable.B.Fearful.

C.Fair.

10.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.Domorepreparation.B.Havemoreconfidence.C.Makenoplaint.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Howdidthewomanknowthewantedjobposition?

A.Byreadinganewspaperad.

B.Bycallinganemploymentservice.

C.By1isterlingtotheradionews.

12.Whydidthewomanfindthejobappealing?

AShecouldimproveherforeignlanguage.

B.Thejobsuitedherverywell.

C.Herfamilywantedhertoreturnhometowork.

13.Whatwasthewomanaskedtodointheend?

A.Toprepareforaninterviewinacoupleofdays.

B.Toreadtheadvertisementagainformoredetails.

C.Tosendinawrittenapplicationassoonaspossible.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14.Whydidthewomanetotheman'soffice?

A.Toaskforhissignature.B.Toaskforhisadvice.C.Toseek

hissupport.

15.Whatcoursesdoesthewomanthinkeasytolearn?

A.Chemistryandcalculus（微积分）

B.Economicsandmusic.

C.AmericannovelsandRomanticpoetry.

16.Whydidthemanaskthewomantoseehimafterthefirstweekofclasses?

A.Tobesuresheisingoodhealth.

B.Toexaminewhatshehaslearned.

C.Tomakesurethecoursesaren,theavyforher.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Howhassocialmediachangedourlife?

A.Peoplearemoreconfusedthanever

B.Peoplearemoreconnectedthanbefore.

C.Peoplearenotashappyastheyusedtobe.

18.Whymightsocialmediabeanaffectivetoolforsmal1panies?

A.Itencouragessocialdiscussions.

B.Itchangesthewaywegetournews.

C.itprovidesacheapwaytoadvertise.

19.Whatisoneofthenegativeaspectsofsocialmedia?

A.Nohonesttalksbetweenpeople.

B.Spreadinginuoiieeliiironiiciliun.

C.Thedamagetopeople1sputers.

20.Whatisthespeaker1sattitudetowardssocialmedia?

A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Objective.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Dillion,

Wou1dyouliketodeepenyourunderstandingofdiversity,equality,andinclusion

(DEI)asitrelatestothefieldofEnglishlanguageteaching?You*reinvitedto

joinonlineconversationsonthesetopicsaspartofanewreadingclubinthe

Diversity,Equality,andInclusionmunity,accessiblethroughmyTESOL.Eachweek

therewillbeanewarticleusedasabasisforthediscussion.

1nWeek1,August915,wewi)Idiscuss“BlackTeachersofEnglishinSouthKorea:

ConstructingIdentitiesasaNativeEnglishSpeakerandEnglishLanguageTeaching

Professional“withauthorQuanishaD.Charles.Throughouttheweek,theauthorwill

postquestionsfordiscussionforparticipantstodiscusswithinthediscussion

group.

InWeek2,August1622,wcwilldiscuss"OnIssuesofDiscriminationand

Prejudice:WhatCanTESOLPractitionersDotoSupportandAdvocateforRefugee

Sludenls?”withauthorChatwaraSuwanamaiDuran.Suwanamaiwi11posttheinitial

question(s)fordiscussionandwilltakepartinthediscussion.

Welookforwardtohavingmanymeaningfulandthoughtfulexchangeswithyou.

1.Thispieceofinformationissentby__.

A.DEIB.TESOLInternationalAssociation

C.QuanishaD.CharlesD.ChatwaraSuwannamaiDuran

2.Whatisthisemai1aimedat?

A.AskingI)i11iontolearnhowtoteachEnglish.

B.AskingDilliontobeeaTESOLPractitioner.

C.InvilingDillionLulakepaiIinonlinediscussiuiis.

D.InvitingDilliontoexchangethoughtsaboutmyTESOL.

3.WhatwillbetalkedaboutwithSuwannamai?

A.BeingaTESOLpractitioner.

B.IdentitiesasanEnglishteacher.

C.Helpingrefugeestudents.

L).DiscriminationinSouthKorea.

【答案】1.B2.C3.C

【解析】

这是一篇应用文。这是一篇邀请Dillion参与DEI社区线上讨论的电邮，文章主要介绍了

DEI社区的线上讨论安排、内容和加入方式等。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Toparticiple,”“加入myTESOL在线社区，即可参与。

更多详情请访问TESOL国际协会网站，网址”可知，这条信息是由TES0L国际协会发送的。

故选B项。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段MWouldyouliketodeepenyourunderstandingofdiversity,

equality,andinclusion（DEI）,•,M"你想加深对多元化、平等和包容（DEI）的理解吗?”

以及"You'reinvitedtojoinonlineconversationsonthesetopicsaspartofanew

readingclubintheDiversity,Equality,andInclusionmunity,accessiblethrough

myTESOL.”“我们邀请您加入EDI社区里的新阅读俱乐部的部分主题的在线对话，可通

过myTESOL进行访问。”可知，这封邮件的目的是邀请Di11ion参加在线讨论。故选。项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“wewilldiscuss'OnIssuesofDiscriminationandPrejudice:

WhatCanTESOLPractitionersDotoSupportandAdvocateforRefugeeStudents?'with

authorChatwaraSuwanamaiDuran.v"我们将与作家CnatwaraSuwanamaiDuran讨论，关

于歧视和偏见的问题：TESOL从业者可以做些什么来支持和倡导难民学生？'”可知，会和

Suwanamai谈论关于帮助难民学生之事。故选C项。

B

Bornintoapoorfamily,LinBustudiedhardandgrewuptobealearnedscholar.

HehadliavelledextensivelyacrossChiiidbeforelivingIliecaiefreelifeufa

hermit（陷士）.Hewasagoodpoetand.writerbutheneverkeptanyofhiswritings,

tearingthemuprightafterpenningthem.

“Whywon'tyoukeepthemforlatergenerations?”peopleasked.

"I'maforesthermit”hesaid."IfIseeknopraisenow,whyshould

posthumous（死后的）famemattertome?”

IhemostextraordinarythingaboutLinBuwashis1'lumBlossomWifeandCrane

Son,meaningthathehadaplumblossom（梅花）ashiswifeandacraneashisson.

Thisfascinationpuzzledhisfriends.uWhyplumblossoms,ofallflowers?wthey

asked.

“Plumblossomsaloneflowerduringthecoldestofdays,unbendingtothe

freezingfallingsnow.Itisthecharacterofthese'GentlemenoftheFlowers*that

attractslearnedgentlemen,aswellashermitslikemyself.Mhoreplied.

AfterLinBudied,theFlyingCranePavilion（亭子）wasbuiltinhismemory.

Peoplewou1detoadmirethehundredsofplumtrees,appreciatingtheformand

characterofLinBu'sbeloved'wife'and'son'.

Oneday,twoscholarshadadiscussion."Isn'titashamethatapetentperson

justifyinghisofficialrankssettleforahermit,slifeinthedepthsofthe

mountains?”oneasked."What'ssobadaboutfameandfortunethattheyhaveescaped

it?”

“It'struethatallpeoplewishforfameandfortune,buttheymustsuffera

greatdealtoobtainthem.Thedarkestsideofhumannatureisalmostalwaysrevealed

inthesestrugglesforfameandfortune.v

“That'swhyahermitwouldfleefromallworldlycares,maintaininghisr.oble

character,justastheplumblossomsquietlyflowerinthedepthsofwinter!”Their

discussionended,butthetworemainedinthepavilionforalongtime.

4.WhydidLinBudestroyhisownwritings?

A.Becausehetraveledalotasalearnedscholar.B.Becausehewasnot

satisfiedwiththeirquality.

C.Becausehecarednothingaboutfameandfortune.D.Becausehedidn'tcare

aboutlalergeneictliuiis.

5.WhatisspecialaboutplumblossomsinLinBu'seyes?

A.Theysymbolizebeautyandpeace.B.Theysymbolizebraveryand

independence.

C.Theysymbolizehappinessandlonglife.D.Theysymbolizepurityandgood

luck.

6.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthisarticleindicate?

A.ThedebateonLinBu'schoicewouldlastforalongtime.

B.Thetwoscholarswouldmaintaintheirnoblecharacterslong.

C.TheFlyingCranePavilionwouldattractmoreChinesescholars.

D.LinBu'sstorywouldhavealastinginfluenceonChinesescholars.

7.Whatcanwemainlylearnfromthisarticle?

A.ChineseculturevaluedlivinginharmonywithNature.

B.NatureplayedanimportantroleinChinesescholars'dailylife.

C.HermitsinChinageneral1yparedthemselvestoplumblossoms.

D.MaterialsuccessmeantnothingtoscholarswithanoblecharacterinChina.

【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.D

【解析】

坟是一篇记叙文。义.章通过林逋与他人的对话和对梅花的态度表现了他的淡泊幺利，返种拓

质也被中国历代文人传承，产生了深远影响。

"题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段"'I'maforesthermitJhesaid.*IfIseeknopraisenow,

whyshouldposthumous（死后的）famemattertome?'（"我是隐士。“他说。“我现在

都在山林深谷中隐居，不想成名，何必要惦记着后世名扬天下呢？“）"可知，林逋毁掉自

己的作品是因为他对名利亳不在乎。故选C.

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段“'Plumblossomsaloneflowerduringthecoldestofcays,

unbendingtothefreezingfallingsnow.[tisthecharacteroftheseJGentlemenof

theFlowers'thatattractslearnedgentlemen,aswe11ashermitslikemyself.rhe

replied.（他回答说：“梅花在最冷的日子里独自绽放，不惧严寒的落雪。正是这些‘花中

之君子’的特质吸引了有学问的绅1和像我这样的隐1。可知，在林逋眼中，梅花特

别之处在于它们象征勇敢和独立。故选B。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第六段AfterLinBudied,theFlyingCranePavilion（亭子）wasbuilt

inhismemory.Peop1ewouldetoadmirethehundredsofplumtrees,appreciating

theformandcharacterofLinBu'sbeloved'wife'and'son'.（林逋死后，人们为

纪念他而建飞鹤亭。亭于里有几百棵梅树，人们都会来欣赏，欣赏林逋的‘妻‘和‘了‘的

形态和性格）”以及最后一段中"That'swhyahermitwou1dfleefromallworldlycares,

maintaininghisnoblecharacter,justastheplumblossomsquietlyflowerinthe

depthsofwinter!（所以隐士才会远离尘嚣，保持自己高贵的品性，正如梅花在隆冬里静静

地开放一样！）”可推知，飞鹤亭是为了纪念林逋而建，所以飞鹤亭传承了林逋的精神，说

明林逋的故事对中国文人有很深远持久的影响。故选Do

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后一段中"That'swhyahermitwculdfleefromal1worldlycares,

maintaininghisnoblecharacter,justastheplumblossomsquietlyf1owerinthe

depthsofwinter!（所以隐士才会远离尘嚣，保持自己高员的品性，正如梅花在隆冬里静静

地开放一样！）”结合文章通过林逋与他人的对话和对梅花的态度表现了他的淡泊名利，这

种品质也被中国历代文人传承，产生了深远影响。可知，我们可以从这篇文章中主要能学到：

在中国，物质上的成功对于具有高尚品格的学者来说并不意味着什么。故诜D。

C

Thediscoverythattheuniverseisexpandingwasoneofthegreatintellectual

revolutionsofthetwentiethcentury.TVithhindsight（回过头看），itiseasytowonder

whynoonehadthoughtofitbefore.Newton,andothers,shouldhaverealizedthat

astatic（静止的）universewouldsoonstarttoshrinkundertheinfluenceofgravity.

Butsupposeinsteadtheuniverseisexpanding.Ifitwasexpandingfairlyslowly,the

forceofgravitywouldcauseiteventuallytostopexpandingandtostartshrinking.

However,ifitwasexpandingatmorethanacertaincriticalrate,gravitywouldnever

bestrongenoughtostopit,andtheuniversewouldcontinuetoexpandforever.

Thisisabitlikewhathappenswhenonefiresarocketupwardfromthesurface

oftheearth.Ifithasafairlylowspeedgravitywilleventuallystoptherocket

anditwi11startfallingback.Ontheotherhand,iftherockethasmorethana

certaincriticalspeed,gravitywillnotbestrongenoughtopullitback,soit

willkeepgoingawayfromtheearthforever.

ThisbehavioroftheuniversecouldhavebeenpredictedfromNewton*stheory

ofgravityatanytimeir.thenineteenth,theeighteenth,oreventhelateseventeenth

centuries.Yetsostrongwasthebeliefinastaticuniversethatitpersistedinto

theearlytwentiethcentury.EvenEinstein,whenheformulatedthegeneral

theoryofrelativityin1915,wassosurethattheuniversehadtobestaticthat

hemodifiedhistheorytomakethispossible,introducingasocalledcosmological

constant(宇宙常数)intohisequations.WhenHubble'sstudyofnearbygalaxiesshowed

thattheuniversewasinfactexpanding,Einsteinregrettedmodifyinghiselegant

theoryandviewedthecosmologicalconstanttermashis“greatestmistake*.

8.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.thediscoveryoftheexpandinguniversetheory

B.thedifferencesbetweentwouniversetheories

C.scientists'unwillingnesstoabandonawidelyacceptedtheory

D.scientists'doubtsaboutthetheorythattheuniverseisexpanding

9.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredabouttheexpandinguniverse?

A.Itdidnotagreewithatheorywidelyacceptedinthenineteenthcentury.

B.Mostscientistsnowadaysbelievethattheideaisnolongeracceptable.

C.Theexistenceofgravitymakesitimpossiblefortheuniversetoexpand.

D.Einsteindiscovereditwhenworkingwiththegeneraltheoryofrelativity.

10.TheauthormentionsNewtoninorderto

A.showrespectforhisgreatscientificworkofgravity

B.provideevidencethattheuniverseisnotexpanding

C.giveoneexampleofasupporteroftheexpandinguniversetheory

I),showthattheexpandinguniversetheorymighthavebeendiscoveredearlier

11.Whatcanweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Theauthormentionsarockettoprovethetheoryofastaticuniverse.

B.TheforcediivingtheuniveiseLuexpandissimilarluihdldrivingthelockets

upward.

C.Einsteinusedtheterm“cosmologicalconstant*tochallengeNewton，sgravity

theory.

I).Einstein,smistakeisusedtoshowtheauthor'sdoubtwhethertheuniverseis

expanding.

【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B

【解析】

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。讲述了宇宙膨胀理论的重大历史意义，并对其进行了简明扼要的解释。同

时，本文也对曾经一直坚持恒稳态宇宙论的科学家们表示了惋惜，科学家不愿意放弃一个被

广泛接受的理论。

【详解】1.主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句wWhenHubble,sstudyofnearbygalaxies

showedthattheuniversewasinfactexpanding,Einsteinregrettedmodifyinghis

eleganttheoryandviewedthecosmologicalconstanttermashis*greatest

mistake'."（当哈勃对附近星系的研究表明宇宙世界上是在膨胀中的时候，爱因斯坦遗憾

地修改了他优雅的理论并认为宇宙常数是他最伟大的错误）可知，文中不断强调宇宙膨胀理

论本可以更早被发现，但只是因为旧有的观念太牢固，人们不愿意接受新的观念而导致了这

一发现的延后。爱因斯坦在最后也不情愿地放弃了既有理论。所以短文主要是关于科学家不

愿意放弃一个被广泛接受的理论。故选C。

2.推理判断题。根据第一段“Thediscoverythattheuniverseisexpandingwasoneof

thegreatintellectualrevolutionsofthetwentiethcentury.Withhindsight,（回过

头看），itiseasytowonderwhynoonehadthoughtofitbefore.Newton,and

others,shouldhaverealizedthatastatic（静止的）universewouldsoon

starttoshrinkundertheinfluenceofgravity.Butsupposeinsteadtheuniverse

isexpanding"（宇宙正在膨胀的发现是二十世纪最伟大的智力革命之一。事后看来，人

们很容易想知道为什么以前没有人想到过这一点。牛顿和其他人应该意识到，在引力的影响

下，静止的宇宙很快就会开始收缩。但是假设宇宙正在影胀），由此判断出，宇宙膨胀理论

与十九世纪广泛认可的理论不同。故选A。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句"Thisbehavioroftheuniversecouldhavebeen

piediuled£10111Newton,sllieuxyofgxavilyalanylimeintheniiieleeulh,the

eighteenth,oreventhelateseventeenthcenturies.w（这种宇宙行为本来能够在十

九世纪、十八世纪、甚至十七世纪晚期就能从牛顿的重力理论里被预测。）可知，牛顿本来

可以在早些世纪中发现这一理论。故选D。

4.细节理解题。根据倒第二段第一句"Thisisabitlikewhathappenswhenonefires

arocketupwardfromthesurfaceoftheearth."（这有点像一个人从地面点燃了火

筋一样）可知，推动宇宙影胀的力量与推动火箭向上的力量相似。故选8。

D

LordRobertWinstonwassittingonatrain,whenhefoundhimselfbeingsteadily

angry.Winstonisnormallyafairlyamiableman.Whatwasdrivinghimslowlyinsane

wastheparticularbehaviorofanotherpassenger.Ignoringthechildwithher,the

womanhadpickedupherphoneandbegunwhatwouldbeeaveryloudconversationfilled

withboringfacts.

Winstondidtrytoignoreit,butthereissomethingfundamentallyunignorable

aboutaloud,onesidedconversation.11wasthenthatLordWinstonmadeamistake.

Hebegantotweet（网上发aboutthewoman.Hetookphotosofherandsentthemout

tohismorethan40,000followers.

Whenthetrainhadfinallyarrivedatitsdestination,Winstonquicklyranoff.

Hehadhadenoughofwhathedescribedasher"rudeness."Butthewomanfacedan

unusualsurprise.ThepresshadpickeduponWinston'stweets.Theywerewaiting

forherontheplatform.WhentheyexcitedlyshowedherWinston'smessages,the

woman'sfacefell,Shealsosuddenlyfoundherselfusingjustonewordtodescribe

Winston*sactions:"rude".

Wefindourselveslivingatatimeofincrediblerudeness.Socialmediahas

taughttheworldthatitneedstohaveanopinion,oneverything,atalltimes.Reality

televisionhastaughtustocelebratemeanness（不友好），solongasthatmear.ness

isdeliveredas“honesty."Sowhatcanwedoabouttherisingtideofrudeness?

Winstonshoneaspotlightonthatwoman'sbehaviors,buthedidnotconfront

it,andhedidnotstopit.Instead,thatspotlightwasshoneweaklyfromafar,shaming

herbytakinganalmostrudimentary（原始的）formofrevengeOften,thetrickto

hciudliiigrudenessisfaimoieelegaul,andcanbedonewiillIliegentledeliveryof

asentenceassimpleas“juststop.”

Whenweseeithappeninastore,wemuststepupandsay,“Juststop."Ifithappens

toacolleague,wemustpointtoutBecauseoncearudept12）shadthelookingglass

helduptothemandcanseetheiractionsthrough二heeyesofothers,theyarefar

morelikelytoendthatbehaviorthemselves.

12.What'sthebesttitleofthisarticle?

A.BeforeYouAreRudeB.WhenSomeoneIsRude

C.IfTheyCanEndItD.UnlessYouCanStopRudeness

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“amiable"mostprobablymean?

A.selfless

B.cooperative

C.mildmannored

D.openminded

14.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragreewith?

A.Thewomanshouldn'thaveignoredWinston,sangeroverherbehavior.

B.Winstonisactuallyasrudeasthewomanwithhisbehavior.

C.Beingrudeiswidelyacceptedasbeinghonestinthesociety.

D.Winstonshouldhavepointedoutthewoman*srudenesstoherface.

15.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Toargueagainstapointofview.

B.Tointroduceasocialphenomenon.

C.Tooffersolutionstoasocialproblem.

D.Toexpressconcernsoverasocialproblem.

【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C

【解析】

本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述Winston先生采取拍照上传网络的方式对一位妇女显得无

力粗鲁的行为进行报复与回击，但也使这位妇女受到了许多伤害的故事。论述了当下人们越

来越多的无礼、粗鲁，并用粗鲁回击粗鲁的现象。

【12题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文,特别是最后一段^Becauseoncearudepersonhashadthelooking

glasshelduptothemandcanseetheiractionsthroughtheeyesofothers,they

arcfarmorelikelytoendthatbehaviorthemselves.（因为一旦一个粗鲁的人把镜子

举在自己面前，可以通过他人的眼睛看到他们的行为，他们就更有可能结束自己的行为。）”

可知，作者讲述了人们在面对别人做出无礼行为时应该做出的反应与态度。所以“When

SomeoneIsRude（当有人粗鲁的时候）”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。

【13题详解】

词义猜测题。结合上下文可知，此处描写的应该是Winston先生平日里通常的行为做法，与

现在应形成对比反差。根据"LordRobertWinstonwassittingonatrain,whenhefound

himselfbeingsteadilyangry.M可知，而现在的Winston先生处于“持续生气”的状态

中，说明其平日里是行为十分温和的人。所以amiable为“温和的”之意。故选C。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的"Instead,thatspotlightwasshoneweaklyfromafar,

shamingherbytakinganalmostrudimentary（原始的）formofrevengeOften,thetrick

tohandlingrudenessisfarmoreelegant,andcanbedonewiththegentledelivery

ofasentenceassimpleas"juststop.可知，相反，Winston把那个女人的行为暴

露在聚光灯之下，这几乎是用一种最原始的报复方式来羞辱她，对付粗鲁的技巧要优雅得多，

只需轻轻地说出一句简单的话“不要这样做”，由此可知，作者认为Winston应当面指出那

个妇女的错误，故诜D。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段wBecauseoncearudepersonhashadthelookingglass

helduptothemandcanseetheiractionsthrough二heeyesofothers,theyarefar

morelikelytoendthatbehaviorthemselves.（因为一旦一个粗鲁的人把镜子举在自己

面前，可以通过他人的眼睛看到他们的行为，他们就更有可能结束自己的行为。）”可知，

作者在文末强烈传达了自己的观点，以及对于上文提及的社会现象，作者认为的解决方案，

即不要用无礼回击无礼，而应该先及时制止。即文章的目的是为社会问题提供解决方案。A

与文意不符，B、D项概括不够全面。故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于

选项。

Lookinwardforbelterutiieerddvice

Sometimesweturntoothersforadviceonmajorcareerdecisions.16Werren

Buffet*sfatherdiscouragedhimfromenteringthesecurities（Wz#）business.Walt

Disney,sbrotherandwifebothtriedtotalkhimoutofmakingSnowWhite.

Whydoessomuchcareeradviceendupbeingmisguided?17Weoften

listentothewrongsources.I'vewatchedmanystudentsrelyontheirparentsand

grandparentsforguidance,forgettingthattheyw?reraisedinanareawheni:was

montospendanentirecareerinoneorganization.

Whataboutgoingtcpeoplewhoarequalifiedtogiveadvice?18Advisers

oftenfocustooheavilyontheirpersonalpreferencesandexperiencesratherthan

takeourperspective（视角）。

Atsomepoint,youhaveprobablynoticedthatyou'rewiserwhengivingacvice

toothersthanyouareinmakingdecisionsforyourself.You,renotalone.Itoften

happensbecausewehavemoredistcincefromotherpeople'sproblemsthanourown.

19Sureenough,psychologistsfindthatourreasoningbeeswiserwhenwethink

aboutourownproblemsfromathirdpersonperspective.

Advisingothersdocsn,tjusthelpusmakebetterdecisions,butitalsoleaves

usmoremotivatedtofollowthrough.Inoneexperiment,itwasexpectedpeoplewere

moremotivatedwhenreceivingthangivingadvice.20Itwaspeoplewhogave

advicewhobecamemoremotivated.

Ifyouwanttogetbettercareeradvice,youcanstartbyreflectingonwhat

youwouldtellsomeoneelsewithasimilarquestion.Listentotheadviceyougive

toothers.It'susuallytheadviceyouneedtotakeyourself.Anditmightbethe

bestwaytomotivateyourself,too.

A.However,sometimeswemakedecisionsdependingonourselves.

B.Buttheoppositewastrue.

C.Buttheymaydirectusinthewrongdirection.

D.It'snoguaranteethattheywillknowwhat'srightforus.

E.Butitwaseasiersaidthandone.

F.ThepioblemmaysLcirlwiLhwhoweappioachforadvice.

G.Thelessonhereisthatoneofthemosteffectivewaystogetbetteradviceis

togiveit.

【答案】16.C17.F18.I）19.G20.B

【解析】

本文是说明文。文章阐述J'我们在征求别人意见的利与弊和背后的原因，以及我们很有可能

擅长于给他人建议而不是洽自己提建议。

【16题详解】

下文uWarrenBuffet'sfatherdiscouragedhimfromenteringthesecurities

business.WaltDisney,sbrotherandwifebothtriedtotalkhimoutofmakingSnow

Wnitc.（沃伦•巴菲特父亲阻止他进入证券市场生意。沃尔特迪斯尼的哥哥和妻子都试图

说服他不要创造白雪公主）”与第二段“Whydoessomuchcareeradviceendupbeing

misguided?（为什么这么多的职业建议最终都被误导了？）”可知，作者举例说明，巴菲特和

沃尔特迪斯尼做重大决定前，曾经向他们的亲人寻求建议，接着又谈到了，很多职业建议最

终被误导了，作者在该空要阐述的是：别人的建议不一定是正确的，他们可能会把我们引向

错误的方向。因此，C项“Buttheymaydirectusinthewrongdirection.（但他们可

能会把我们引向错误的方向）”承上启下，选项中的“they”与上文中的。thers相呼应，

故选C项。

【17题详解】

下文“Weoftenlistentothewrongsources.I,vewatchedmanystudentsrelyontheir

parentsandgrandparentsforguidance,forgettingthattheywereraisedinanarea

whenitwasmontospendanentireceireerinoneorganization.（我们经常听错误的

消息来源。我看到很多学生依赖父母和祖父母的指导，却忘记了他们是在•个地方长大，那

时候他们的整个职业生涯都是在一个组织里度过是很常见的）”可知，很多学生愿意依赖于

依赖父母和祖父母的建议指导，但是，却忽略了自己与这些长辈们的成长环境不同，他们给

的建议不一定对自己是适用的，很多职业建议被误导源于向谁寻求建议。因此，F项“The

problemmaystartwithwhoweapproachforadvice.（问题可能从我们向谁寻求建议开

始）”承上启下，选项中的who与下文的parents与grandparents形成呼应，故选F项。

【18题详解】

下文“Advisersoftenfocustooheavilyontheirpersonalpreferencesandexperiences

raLhex-thanlakeourperspective”