模块三　第8讲　非谓语动词

语法精析•洞悉考情语法精讲•把握规律语法精练•对接高考第8讲非谓语动词语法精析•洞悉考情【考情探究】近3年新高考卷对于非谓语动词的考查共计15次,主要考查:速览考频新高考Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷202420232022动词-ing形式222动词-ed形式210不定式形式222【备考策略】语法填空对非谓语动词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点,需要注意:1.三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别

(1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,且表示正在进行,要想到用动词-ing形式;

(2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系,且表示完成,要想到用动词-ed形式;

(3)若非谓语动词表示将来的动作,作状语表示目的,在表喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料之外的结果等,要想到用不定式形式(todo)。2.掌握非谓语动词的句型公式It’s+adj.+(for/ofsb.+)todosth.;It’snogood/use/pleasuredoingsth.;find/think/believe/consider+it+adj.+todosth.。3.牢记用动词-ing形式或不定式作宾语的动词4.巧辨谓语动词和非谓语动词(1)一个句子无论是主句还是从句,必须要有谓语,一般空格所在的句子中无其他动词,则填谓语动词。谓语动词要考虑时态、语态、主谓一致等;(2)若句中找到了谓语动词,而又找不到连词(并列连词或从句连词)时,则所给动词用作非谓语动词。非谓语动词需要确定是-ing形式、过去分词形式还是不定式形式。(3)动词-ed形式作表语,主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态,含有被动的意思;而动词-ing形式作表语,多表示主语具有的特征,含有主动的意思。语法精讲•把握规律考点一非谓语动词的时态和语态非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(动词-ing形式和-ed形式),即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的其他成分。非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。非谓语动词的时态和语态一览表类别时态形式语态形式主动被动动词不定式一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing—完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone动词-ing一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone过去分词一般式done—1.主、被动形式非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间存在主谓、动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时,用主动形式;与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时,用被动形式。※IgotalettersayingthatIwasadmittedtoakeyuniversity.※Thebridgeto

be

builtwillbethelongestoneinthisarea.2.时间先后关系根据非谓语动词与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先后关系确定时态:(1)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生,用非谓语动词的一般式;(2)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,用非谓语动词的完成式。※Hearingtheinspiringnews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.※Iseemto

have

involvedmyselfinsomethingthatIdon’tunderstand.【活学活用】(1)(2024·日照模拟)Duringhis30-minutespeech______(title)A

Zoo’s

Pursuit,Shenshowcasedthesuccessfulchangesthathehadperformed.(2)(2024·怀化模拟)Withthetechnique__________(improve)bygenerationsofcraftsmen,today’seggshellporcelain(薄胎瓷)canbemadeasthinaspaper.(3)(2024·福州模拟)Elevenyearslater,withShiDejian_________(work)asitsdirector,theSongshanChanWuYiResearchInstitutewasestablished.(4)(2024·衡阳模拟)TraditionalChineseopera,Shaoxingopera_________(include),hasfacedadeclineinpopularityinrecentyears.titled

improved

working

included

(5)(2024·衡阳模拟)________

(help)achieveherpotential,herparentsenrolledherinlocaloperaschool,whereshereceivedrigoroustrainingundertheguidanceofskilledteachers.

(6)(2024·衡水模拟)CaoCao,theruleroftheWeistateduringtheThreeKingdomsperiod,embodied(体现)thisspiritoftrustworthiness,whichplayedacrucialroleinhisability________

(draw)numerousheroestohisside.

Tohelptodraw考点二非谓语动词作主语、表语1.非谓语动词中能作主语的有动词-ing形式和不定式。(1)动词-ing形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作,不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。※Listening

to

musicismysister’shobby.※To

do

thisistocutthefoottofittheshoe.(2)it作形式主语,代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动词-ing形式。常见句型有:Itis/wasnouse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasnotofanyuse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasoflittleuse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasuselessdoingsth.;It’sawasteoftimedoingsth.;Itis/was+adj.+forsb.+todosth.等。※It

was

no

use

pretendingthatIhadnotseenhim,soIwavedtohim.※It

is

no

good

tryingthatmethod,becauseitwon’twork.※It

is

important

for

us

to

get

upearlyand

do

morning

readingonadailybasis.2.非谓语动词中能作表语的有动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式和不定式。注意动词-ing形式作表语时意为“令人……的”,而动词-ed形式作表语时意为“感到……的”。※Theaimofthefestivalisto

increaseawarenessofthecultureandtraditions.※Atfirstshewasterrified,thenshepulledherselftogether.※Theradiationofnuclearbombingisterrifying.【活学活用】(1)(2024·江苏模拟)Theglobalpandemicappears______________

(play)ahugepartinthis.

(2)(2024·重庆模拟)Thegovernmentofficialsaidthat_________________

(ensure)thatchildrenenjoyhigh-qualityeducationistheoriginalintentionofpromotingdigitaleducation.

(3)(2024·哈尔滨模拟)Butwhetheritsnameisreallyrelatedtothecitywallremains______________(explore).

tohaveplayedensuring/toensuretobeexplored

(4)Itisbelievedthat__________(receive)Sanfutieduringthehottestsummerdaysiseffectiveforcoughs,asthma,andarthritis.(5)China’sfirstlargehome-madecruiseship(游轮),roughlytheheightofa25-storybuilding,is__________(schedule)tobedeliveredtoitsuseraroundtheendofthisyear.(6)Secondly,_______(be)inChinaduringtheSpringFestivalisanabsolutelyamazingevent.receiving

scheduled

being考点三非谓语动词作宾语1.只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词和短语:suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practice,allow,risk,keep,keepon,avoid,escape,enjoy,consider,excuse,finish,miss,insiston,lookforwardto,feellike,getdownto,objectto等。2.只能跟不定式作宾语的动词和短语:agree,intend,plan,demand,promise,help,prepare,decide,refuse,choose,wish,hope,want,expect,fail,pretend,manage,determine,beg,arrange,threaten,claim,hesitate,happen等。3.既可跟动词-ing形式又可跟不定式作宾语的动词和短语:remember,forget,regret,stop,goon,mean,start,begin,try等。如:【活学活用】(1)(2024·湖南模拟)Youjusttoldusthatyourshieldsarethestrongestintheworldandthenyouclaimyourspearsarethesharpest.Howabout_______(use)yourspearsonyourshields?(2)(2024·泰州模拟)WhatChinesepainterswouldliketoproduceintheirpaintingsisnotavisualeffectofcolorsandpatternsthatWesternpainterstend__________(achieve).

(3)(2024·衡阳模拟)Upon/Ongraduatingfromuniversityandworkingforaperiodoftime,Leyingopts____________

(withdraw)fromsocietyandshutdownhersociallife,believingthisisthebestwayto“reconcile”withherself.

using

toachievetowithdraw(4)Listallofthetasksthatyouneed______________(accomplish).

(5)Whilewedoneedtorelyonquiteabitofself-promotiontomakeothersawareofourcompetences,humblebraggersareknownfor________(mix)self-promotionwithhumilityorcomplaint.(6)Astaffmemberexplainsthecuttingofplantationforestsismorelike_________(thin)whenfarmersplantcrops.toaccomplish

mixing

thinning

考点四非谓语动词作补足语1.“五看二听一感觉”的感官动词和短语(see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,feel)后面的宾语补足语有三种常见的非谓语动词形式(do/doing/done)。do表主动和完成(被动句中to还原),doing表主动或正在进行,done表被动或完成。※Iheard

her

singinganEnglishsongwhenIpassedby.※Ididn’tnoticehimgetonthesamebus.2.动词let,make,have,get,leave,keep,find后接非谓语动词形式作宾语补足语。※Theteacherhad

us

make

upconversationsduringclasses.※Theteachergotthestudentsto

look

upallthewordstheydidn’tknow.3.固定短语,如advise/allow/encourage/request/warnsb.todosth.等。※Thepoliceexaminedthecarsandallowed

them

to

go

ahead.4.with/without复合结构常用形式:※Withalltheworkfinished,theywentouttoplay.※Withtheteacherstandingbesideher,shefeltabituneasy.※Ican’tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash.【活学活用】(1)(2024·南昌模拟)Lisaidcafeteriamanagersarerequired___________

(maintain)detailedrecords,including48-hourfoodsamplesanddailyuploadstofoodsafetyplatforms.

(2)(2024·合肥模拟)Withchildren_________(show)offtheirstilt-walkingskills,theshowdefinitelybroughtthejoyfulatmospheretotheworld.(3)(2024·全国模拟)AccordingtoKianLamKho,theauthorofChinesefoodblogRedCook,agroupofChinesechefsaresaid________________________________

(train)inbothHunanandSichuanCuisinesin1945.

tomaintainshowing

tohavetrained/tohavebeentrained(4)(2024·沧州模拟)Intheyearof221BC,withthewholecountry________(unify),EmperorQinshihuangadoptedaroundcoinwithasquareholeinthemiddleascurrency.(5)(2024·昆明模拟)Ifyou’veseenaChineseNewYearparade(庆祝游行),you’veprobablyseenacolorfuldragon_________(wind)itswaydownthestreet.(6)(2024·江苏模拟)Thebronze(青铜)exhibitsfromtheXia,ShangandZhoudynasties__________(display)insidetheNMC’sAncientChinaexhibitionhalloftenleadvisitors_______________

(impress)byancientChinesecivilization.

unified

winding

displayed

tobeimpressed考点五非谓语动词作定语1.动词不定式作定语(1)动词不定式作定语通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后,与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。※Hewasthelastoneto

leaveschoolyesterday.(主谓关系)※Shehasalotofworkto

dointhemorning.(动宾关系)【点津】动词不定式既可用主动形式也可用被动形式,但其含义有所不同。试比较:※Doyouhaveanythingto

buy?(动作的执行者是“你”)※Doyouhaveanythingto

be

bought?(动作的执行者是“我”或“别人”)(2)当名词或代词被序数词、形容词最高级、thelast、theonly等修饰,且非谓语动词与其逻辑主语为主谓关系时,常用动词不定式作定语。※Thebestplaceto

catchfishonacanalisclosetothelock.(3)当被修饰词是表示抽象意义的名词时,常用不定式作后置定语,且不定式常用主动形式。常见的此类名词有ability,chance,idea,attempt,plan,way,opportunity等。※Weshoulddevelopthestudents’abilityto

solveproblems.【点津】在作定语的动词不定式中,如果其中的动词是不及物动词,不定式后面就要用必要的介词。但是如果被不定式修饰的名词为place,time,way等,不定式后面的介词习惯上可以省去。

※Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepaperto

writeon?※Theshoppingmallisagoodplaceto

go.2.动词-ing形式作定语当动词与被修饰的名词之间为主谓关系或用来表示被修饰的名词的用途时,用动词-ing形式。※Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.【点津】当被修饰的名词与修饰词之间为被动关系且表示正在进行时,用动词-ing形式的被动形式作定语,表示该动作的被动和进行。※Thehousebeing

builtovertherewillbeournewlibrary.3.动词-ed形式作定语动词-ed形式作定语,分词与被修饰的名词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。※ThebookwrittenbyMoYanisverypopular.【点津】作定语的非谓语动词的分词形式为doing和done。doing表示正在进行;done表示已经完成。※boilingwater 正在沸腾的水boiledwater 开水【活学活用】(1)(2024·保定模拟)Inadditiontoregularkitedisplays,thisyear’sfestivalwilldebuttheinternationalkitestuntcompetition,_______(call)“TheWorldKiteCupBerck-sur-Mer”.(2)(2024·南昌模拟)Thegovernmentsupportsthesecafeterias—sometimeswithrent-freespace,sometimeswith_________(reduce)waterandelectricitycharges.(3)(2024·徐州模拟)ConstructedbyamerchantfromHuizhou,thecomplex,___________(display)distinctiveHuizhou-stylearchitecture,waslateracquiredbytheNiufamily.called

reduced

displaying

(4)(2024·荆州模拟)Crocodileisthefirstoriginaldramascript________(pen)byMoYan,whichwaspublishedinJune2023.(5)(2024·扬州模拟)Itprovidesabridgebetweenancienthistoryandthemodernworld,ensuringthatthelegacyofDunhuangremainsaliveandaccessibleforgenerations_________(come).

(6)(2024·韶关模拟)TheBridge,___________(measure)103.67metersinlengthand3metersinwidth,islocatedinSichuanProvince,whichwasoriginallybuiltin1705duringtheQingDynasty.penned

tocome

measuring

考点六非谓语动词作状语1.动词不定式作状语,表示目的、结果、原因等。(1)作目的状语,有时用inorderto或soasto,但soasto不用于句首。※To

enjoytheconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstarttousesmartphones.※In

order

tocatchthetrain,shehurriedthroughherwork.(2)作结果状语,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语,常用结构enoughto,so/such...asto,too...to...,onlyto等。※You’reoldenough

totravelonthetrainbyyourself.※Hewasso

foolish

as

toleavehiscarunlocked.(3)作原因状语,此时常与表示情感的形容词连用,如glad,happy,frightened,surprised等。※Hewassurprised

to

findhisroomthoroughlycleanedandeverythingarrangedinperfectorder.【点津】动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词(easy,hard,difficult,pleasant,good,fit,comfortable等)后面作状语,构成“主语+be+形容词+不定式”结构,不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。※Thematerialsaresoftandcomfortableto

wear.2.动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式作状语,常表原因、伴随、时间、结果等,与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。※Wehearofwomenwhorunaway,leavingbehindtheirhomesandfamilies.※Thedancer’sincredibleperformancehadtheaudienceonitsfeetclappingfor10minutesattheendoftheshow.【点津】动词不定式作结果状语时,常表示意想不到的结果;而动词-ing形式作结果状语时,常表示自然而然的结果。※Hehurriedtothestation,only

to

findthetrainhadleft.※Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.3.动词-ed形式作状语(1)动词-ed形式作状语,分词与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。※Technologicalinnovations,combinedwithgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.(2)某些动词-ed形式已经形容词化,且往往用于一些系表结构中,此时这些动词-ed形式既不表示被动,也不表示完成,而表示一种状态,如lost(迷路的),seated(坐着的),hidden(隐藏的),lost/absorbedin(沉溺于),dressedin(穿着……的),tiredof(对……感到厌倦的)等。※Hehidhisfaceinhishandsagain,lost

inhisownthoughts.※Hewasabigmaninhisforties,smartlydressed

inasuitandtie.【点津】有部分分词或不定式短语作状语,其动词形式的选择不受上下文的影响,这种结构称为独立成分。常用的有considering...(鉴于,考虑到);generallyspeaking(总的来说);judgingby/from...(从……来看,依据……来判断);supposingthat...(假定……);providingthat...(假定……);giventhat...(鉴于,由于……)。4.独立主格结构(1)独立主格结构的特点:①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在;②独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系;③独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开。(2)独立主格结构的构成:名词/代词+动词-ing形式/动词-ed形式/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语※Everymorningtheoldmanwalksinthepark,his

pet

dog

followinghimalong(=andhispetdogfollowshimalong).※Shestoodthere,her

eyes

looking

upwardintotheskyandher

hands

crossedonherbreast.【活学活用】(1)(2024·南通模拟)Inatypicalshadowplayperformance,puppetsareheldbehindascreen,withlightcastontothescreen_________(create)shadowyimagesthattellastory.

(2)(2024·南昌模拟)Shanghaigovernmentsetagoalofbuilding200newcommunitycanteens,_________(bring)thetotalattheendoflastyearto1,608.(3)(2024·菏泽模拟)Accordingtoa2019WHOreport,acupunctureisusedinmostofitsmembercountries,___________(illustrate)itswidespreadrecognitionandapplication.tocreate

bringing

illustrating

(4)(2024·山西模拟)________

(write)byCharlotteBronte,thisnovelfollowsthejourneyofJaneEyre,apooryoungwomanwhoovercomesadversitytofindloveandindependence.(5)(2024·江西模拟)Asaninternationalstudentandnowaprofessional,_________(work)awayfrommyhomeland,IhaveplentyofopportunitieshereinDongying.(6)(2024·扬州模拟)Chinahasneverabandoneditsambitiousgoalofacquiringadvancedspacecapabilitiesandbecomingapioneerintheexplorationofspace,soas_______

(help)expandourknowledgeoftheuniverse.

Writtenworking

tohelp【链接写作】运用非谓语动词对简单句和复杂句进行恰当转换,不仅显得句式多样,句子活泼,而且可使表达更简洁、更高级。非谓语动词在写作中的形式主要有doing,done,havingdone和with的复合结构等,其作状语时,主要表示原因、结果或伴随状态。典例:(2024·北京高考)

ProjectsliketheBeltandRoadInitiativemakeagoodtopictodiscuss,showcasingChina’sdeterminationtobuildasharedfuturewiththeworld.运用:(2023·浙江1月高考读后续写)我转过身来,看到同一只蜂鸟在空中盘旋。【翻译】__________________________________________________________Iturnedaroundtoseethesamehummingbirdhoveringintheair.

语法精练•对接高考Ⅰ.语境填空1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Incoldweather,thestructurestays_______(close)toprotecttheplants.2.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse_______(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.3.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout______(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.closed

walks

were

4.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,_________(inspire)byThe

Peony

Pavilion,_________

(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.

5.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternationalvisibility,saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazed________(find)theconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.

inspired

wasbuilttofind

6.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)__________(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare’splayRichard

ⅢinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThe

Peony

Pavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguageandseehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”7.(2024·全国甲卷)Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tend________

(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.

Recalling

tocatch8.(2024·全国甲卷)They______(be)partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.9.(2024·全国甲卷)Whatshould________

(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.

10.(2024·北京高考)Slowingdowncancontributesignificantlytopersonalgrowth.Takingthetime_______(rest)allowsustodevelopadeepersenseofself-awareness.

were

bedonetorest

11.(2024·北京高考)Whenweslowdown,wecreatespacetoreflectonourthoughtsandemotions,whichhelpsusidentifyimportantareasofourlivesand______(give)ustheopportunitytomakerightchoices.12.(2024·北京高考)OnApril5,2024,JohnTinniswood____________(name)theworld’soldestlivingman.Andwhen_______(ask)abouthisnewtitle,hesharedthesecret:moderation(适度).

13.(2024·北京高考)Justthen,somekidsranathim,__________(knock)hisbooksoutofhisarms.gives

wasnamed

asked

knocking

14.(2024·浙江1月高考)However,ifyou’reshoppingforone,buyingextra__________(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn’tmakesense.

15.(2024·浙江1月高考)However,thoughit’snicetogetafewcentsoffapackofsausages,itwouldhelpevenmoreiftheycouldsometimes__________

(offer)insmallerpacks.

16.(2024·浙江1月高考)Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets____________

(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacks_________(design)withtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).

tobenefit

beofferedhavestarteddesigned

17.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether_______

(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthesteamandriskingaspill(溢出),ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.

18.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiangaside,thebestxiao

long

baohaveafineskin,allowingthem___________(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.

tobitetobelifted19.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteamerbasketisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft_________(want)morenexttime.20.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Asalittlegirl,I________(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.wantingwished

Ⅱ.语篇填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

AccordingtoanewstudybytheWHO(WorldHealthOrganization),about25percentofadultsworldwidedonotgetenoughexercise.Becauseofthis,about1.4billionpeople1._________(be)atgreaterriskofdevelopingdeadlydiseasessuchasheartdiseaseandcancer.

Whenit2._________(come)toexercisingmore,expertssaythatthere3._________(be)noneedforpeopletogotothegymeveryday.Thereareotherways4._________(exercise).Forexample,wecantakethestairsinsteadoftakinganelevator.Andstandingononelegfor30secondseachdayisalsogoodforourhealth.

Thestudyalso5._________(find)thatwomenarelessactivethanmenin6._________(do)exercisebecausetheytend7._________(spend)moretimeathome8._________(take)careofchildrenanddoinghousework.

Countrieswithhigherincomesshowhigherratesofinactivity.Forexample,peopleinKuwaitandtheUnitedStatesexerciselessthanpeopleinUgandaandNepal.Thisispartlybecausein9._________(develop)areas,deskjobs10._________(take)theplaceofphysicallaborandcarshavereplacedwalking.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。世界卫生组织的一项新的研究发现,全世界大约有25%的成年人缺乏足够的锻炼;女性由于要照顾孩子和做家务,与男性相比锻炼得更少。此外,高收入国家的人比低收入国家的人锻炼得少。1.【解析】are。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语是people,谓语动词用复数形式。2.【解析】comes。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语是it,谓语动词用单数形式。3.【解析】is。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。Therebe句型是倒装结构,主语是be后面的名词或代词,此句即need,是单数,故谓语动词填is。4.【解析】toexercise。考查非谓语动词。waystodosth.意为“做某事的方法”。5.【解析】finds。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主句的主语是Thestudy,谓语动词用单数形式。6.【解析】doing。考查非谓语动词。介词in后面用动名词作宾语。7.【解析】tospend。考查非谓语动词。tendtodosth.意为“倾向于做某事”。8.【解析】taking。考查非谓语动词。spendtimeindoingsth.意为“花时间做某事”。9.【解析】developed。考查非谓语动词。developedareas意为“发达地区”。10.【解析】havetaken。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处根据and后的carshavereplacedwalking可知,应用现在完成时;又因为主语deskjobs为复数,故填havetaken。【链接写作】动词是句子的灵魂,在写作中使用千变万化的动词可以让句子活灵活现,谓语动词与非谓语动词交叉使用,能够较好地体现出作者的语言运用能力。典例:(2021·全国乙卷·应用文)

Wecanuseallkindsofresourcestomakelearningmoreinteresting.However,onlinelearninghassomedisadvantages.Staringatthescreenisharmfultooureyes.Moreover,wecannotinteractwithourteachersandclassmatesaswedoinaclassroom.运用: (2024·全国甲卷·应用文)1.首先,共享自行车已经成为城市中的流行选择,为短途旅行提供了一种生态友好和成本效益高的方式。【翻译】_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.其次,高铁网络彻底改变了长途旅行,大大缩短了全国的旅行时间。【翻译】____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Firstly,sharedbicycleshavebecomeapopularchoiceincities,providinganeco-friendlyandcost-effectivewaytotravelshortdistances.

Secondly,thehigh-speedtrainnetworkhasrevolutionizedlong-distancetravel,significantlyreducingtraveltimeacrossthecountry.

3.最后,新能源汽车的兴起反映了中国对可持续发展和减少碳排放的承诺。【翻译】_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________Finally,theriseofnewenergyvehiclesreflectsChina’scommitmenttosustainabledevelopmentandreducingcarbonemissions.

【语境填空】第一组1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto________(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.2.(2023·全国甲卷)Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill____________

(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.

3.(2023·全国甲卷)Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)________

(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.

visiting

beemployedtoteach4.(2023·全国甲卷)Herfablebegins,___________(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.5.(2023·全国甲卷)Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage_________(intend)foreveryone.6.(2023·全国乙卷)Theremarkabledevelopmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,_______(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.borrowingintendedmeans

7.(2023·全国乙卷)______________(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.

8.(2023·全国乙卷)Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears__________(record)everythingIdiscovered.9.(2023·北京高考)I’mBritish.SoonaftermovingtoSwitzerland,I_______(throw)ahouse-warmingpartyandwasgreatlysurprisedwhenall30guestsshowedupexactlyontime.Havingvisited

recordingthrew

10.(2023·北京高考)Iturnedupattheappointedhourforadinner,onlytofindthatnootherguest____________

(arrive)andmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.

11.(2023·北京高考)When______(see)fromafar,themangroveforestsappearmoresplendid.12.(2023·北京高考)Forthesereasons,theyarepraisedas“coastalguardians”.Uptonow,China______________

(establish)anumberofprotectedareaswithmangroves.

hadarrivedseen

hasestablished13.(2023·浙江1月高考)IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,____________(surround)inconcentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.Citizensofhighersocialclasses_______________

(permit)toliveclosertothecenterofthecircles.Thelargesiheyuanofthesehigh-rankingofficialsandwealthybusinessmenoften_________(feature)beautifullycarvedandpaintedroofbeamsandpillars(柱子).

14.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)__________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.surrounded

werepermittedfeatured

Covering15.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat______(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

16.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNP___________

(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleofprotectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems.

were

toincrease

isdesigned17.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(阳台),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe_______(fall)child.18.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup______(see)them.

19.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Henry__________

(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.

fallingtoseewasfixing第二组20.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Hequickly_______(throw)histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.21.(2022·全国甲卷)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.

22.(2022·全国甲卷)Inthelastfiveyears,Cao___________

(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro.

threw

tojourneyhaswalked23.(2022·全国甲卷)InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation______(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.24.(2022·全国甲卷)Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20,__________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.25.(2022·全国乙卷)______________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,_________(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.

held

planning

Tostrengthen

inviting26.(2022·