湖南湘西州2025年下半年全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级复习试题库

湖南湘西州2025年下半年全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级复习试题库第一部分：听力理解[SectionA]Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.1.M:I'mreallyexhausted.Istayeduplatelastnightpreparingforthehistoryexam.W:Whydidn'tyoujustgotobedearly?Youneedenoughsleeptofunctionwell.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Themanshouldhavestudiedearlier.B.Themanneedstomanagehissleepbetter.C.Historyexamsareusuallyverydifficult.D.Stayinguplateistheonlywaytopass.2.W:TheflightforNewYorkhasbeendelayedduetotheheavyfog.M:Ohno,IhaveaconnectingflighttoLondon.Imightmissit.Q:Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.ThefoginNewYork.B.Thedelayofhisfirstflight.C.Missinghisconnectingflight.D.Theluggagehandling.3.M:Iheardyougotapromotion.Congratulations!W:Thankyou.Itmeansmoreresponsibilityandahighersalary,butalsolongerworkinghours.Q:Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Sheishappyaboutthepromotiononlybecauseofthemoney.B.Sheisconcernedabouttheincreasedworkload.C.Sherefusedthepromotion.D.Shethinksthesalaryistoolowforthework.4.W:WouldyouliketojoinusforthepicnicthisSaturday?Wearegoingtothenationalpark.M:I'dloveto,butIhavetoworkonmythesis.Thedeadlineisapproaching.Q:WhatwillthemanprobablydothisSaturday?A.Gotothenationalpark.B.Workonhisthesis.C.Attendameeting.D.Visitthelibrary.5.M:Thiscoffeeistoostrongforme.Doyouhaveanydecaf?W:Sorry,weonlyserveregularcoffeeandtea.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shecanmakedecafforhim.B.Theyareoutofcoffee.C.Theydon'thavedecaffeinatedcoffee.D.Themanshoulddrinkteainstead.6.W:Therentforthisapartmentis$800amonth,excludingutilities.M:That'sabitsteepforme.Doyouhaveanythingcheaper?Q:Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheapartment?A.Itistooexpensive.B.Itisveryconvenient.C.Itistoosmall.D.Itincludesutilities.7.M:Ican'tfindmytextbookanywhere.Irememberputtingitonthedesk.W:Haveyoucheckedthelivingroom?MaybeyoutookittherewhilewatchingTV.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Buyinganewtextbook.B.Searchingthelivingroom.C.Askingtheteacherforhelp.D.Checkingthedeskagain.8.W:I'mgoingtothegym.Areyoucoming?M:Nottoday.Ipulledamuscleplayingtennisyesterday.Q:Whyisn'tthemangoingtothegym?A.Hedoesn'tlikethegym.B.Heisbusywithtennis.C.Hehasaninjury.D.Heistootired.9.M:Themoviestartsat7:30.Weshouldleavenowtoavoidtraffic.W:Don'tworry.Ittakesonly20minutestogetthere,andit's7:10now.Q:Whatdoesthewomanthink?A.Theyarealreadylate.B.Theyhaveplentyoftime.C.Thetrafficwillbeheavy.D.Themoviestartsat7:00.10.W:DidyoufinishthereportIaskedyoutotype?M:I'mhalfwaythrough.I'llhaveitreadybythisafternoon.Q:Whatdoesthemansayaboutthereport?A.Hehasalreadyfinishedit.B.Hewillfinishitinthemorning.C.Hehasn'tstartedityet.D.Heiscurrentlyworkingonit.[SectionB]Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,somequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ConversationOneM:Goodmorning,madam.CanIhelpyou?W:Yes,please.Iboughtthisblouseherelastweek,butthere'saproblem.AfterIwashedit,thecolorfadedsignificantly.M:I'msorrytohearthat.Didyoufollowthewashinginstructionsonthelabel?W:Yes,Idid.Itsays"DryCleanOnly,"butIthoughthand-washinggentlywouldbeokay.Ididn'texpectthecolortorunlikethis.M:Unfortunately,sincethelabelclearlystatesdrycleanonly,wecan'treallyacceptareturnifitwasn'twashedaccordingtotheinstructions.Thematerialisverysensitive.W:Butitwasn'tmentionedintheshopwhenIboughtit.Thesalesassistantsaiditwaseasytocarefor.M:Iapologizeforthemisinformation.Letmecheckwiththemanager.Sinceyouarearegularcustomer,maybewecanmakeanexceptionthistimeandofferyouastorecredit.W:Thatwouldbeacceptable.Ireallylikethestyle,justnotthiscoloranymore.M:Okay,pleasefilloutthisform,andI'llprocessthecreditforyourightaway.Questions11to13arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.11.Whatisthewoman'scomplaint?A.Theblouseisthewrongsize.B.Theblouseistooexpensive.C.Thecolorfadedafterwashing.D.Theblousehasatear.12.Whydoesthemaninitiallyhesitatetoacceptthereturn?A.Thewomanlostthereceipt.B.Theblousewasboughtonsale.C.Thewashinginstructionswerenotfollowed.D.Thestorepolicyisstrict.13.Whatsolutiondoesthemanofferintheend?A.Afullcashrefund.B.Anexchangeforadifferentblouse.C.Astorecredit.D.Adiscountonthenextpurchase.ConversationTwoW:Hi,Mark.Iheardyou'replanningtogotograduateschool.M:Yes,I'mthinkingaboutgettingaMaster'sdegreeinComputerScience.W:Thatsoundsgreat.Butaren'tyouworriedaboutthetuition?It'squiteexpensivethesedays.M:Definitely.I'mlookingforscholarshipsandconsideringapplyingforaresearchassistantship.IfIworkforaprofessor,theyusuallywaivethetuitionfee.W:That'sagoodidea.DoyouhavetotaketheGRE?M:Yes,I'mpreparingforitrightnow.It'salotofmathandvocabulary.I'mspendinghourseverydayinthelibrary.W:Wheredoyouwanttoapply?M:I'mfocusingonuniversitiesinCalifornia,likeStanfordandBerkeley.Thetechindustrythereisbooming,andtherearemorejobopportunities.W:Haveyouthoughtaboutstudyingabroad?MaybeintheUK?M:Iconsideredit,buttheprogramsthereareusuallyshorter,onlyoneyear,andIpreferthedepthofatwo-yearprogramintheUS.Questions14to16arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.14.HowdoesMarkplantofinancehisstudies?A.Byaskinghisparentsformoney.B.Bygettingastudentloan.C.Byapplyingforscholarshipsandassistantships.D.Byworkingpart-timeatatechcompany.15.WhatisMarkcurrentlydoingtoprepareforgraduateschool?A.Savingmoney.B.StudyingfortheGRE.C.Writinghisapplicationessays.D.contactingprofessors.16.WhydoesMarkpreferuniversitiesintheUS?A.Theweatherisbetter.B.Theprogramsareshorter.C.Therearemorejobopportunitiesinthetechindustry.D.Thetuitionischeaper.ConversationThreeM:Sarah,haveyouseentheproposalforthenewmarketingcampaign?W:Yes,Ireviewedityesterday.Honestly,I'mnotsureaboutthebudgetallocationforsocialmediaads.ItseemstoohighcomparedtoTVcommercials.M:Butourtargetaudienceisyoungpeople.TheyspendmostoftheirtimeonsocialmediaplatformslikeInstagramandTikTok.TVadsarelesseffectiveforthisdemographic.W:Iunderstandthat,but$50,000amonthisahugesum.Maybewecouldstartwithasmalleramountandtestthewaters?M:Weneedtomakeabigimpactfortheproductlaunch.Ifwedon'tspendenough,wemightgetlostinthenoise.W:Whataboutinfluencermarketing?Itmightbemorecost-effectivethanrunningpaidadsdirectly.M:That'sagoodpoint.Wecanallocatepartofthebudgettomicro-influencerswhohavehighengagementrates.Let'srevisetheproposaltoincludethatstrategy.Questions17to20arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.17.WhatisSarah'sconcernabouttheproposal?A.Thetargetaudienceistoobroad.B.Thebudgetforsocialmediaadsistoohigh.C.TVcommercialsareoutdated.D.Theproductlaunchdateistoosoon.18.Whydoesthemanwanttospendmoreonsocialmedia?A.Youngpeoplearethemaintarget.B.ItischeaperthanTVads.C.TVadsaretooexpensive.D.TheCEOpreferssocialmedia.19.WhatdoesSarahsuggestasanalternative?A.Reducingthebudgetforthewholecampaign.B.FocusingonTVcommercials.C.Usinginfluencermarketing.D.Postponingtheproductlaunch.20.Whatwilltheyprobablydonext?A.Approvetheoriginalproposal.B.Cutthemarketingbudgetentirely.C.Revisetheproposaltoincludeinfluencermarketing.D.Canceltheproductlaunch.[SectionC]Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.PassageOneTheconceptof"emotionalintelligence"orEQhasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinthemodernworkplace.WhileIQ,orintelligencequotient,measurescognitiveabilitieslikelogicalreasoningandmathskills,EQreferstotheabilitytounderstand,use,andmanageemotionsinpositiveways.EmployeeswithhighEQcancommunicatebetter,resolveconflictseffectively,andworkwellunderpressure.StudieshaveshownthatindividualswithhighEQoftenmakebetterleadersbecausetheycanempathizewiththeirteammembersandmotivatethem.ManycompaniesnowincorporateEQtrainingintotheirprofessionaldevelopmentprograms,recognizingthattechnicalskillsalonearenotenoughforsuccessinacollaborativeenvironment.Questions21to23arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.21.WhatdoesEQprimarilyreferto?A.Theabilitytosolvemathproblems.B.Theabilitytounderstandandmanageemotions.C.Theleveloftechnicalexpertise.D.Thespeedoflearningnewskills.22.WhyareindividualswithhighEQoftengoodleaders?A.TheyhavehigherIQs.B.Theyarestricterwiththeirteam.C.Theycanempathizewithandmotivateothers.D.Theyavoidconflictsatallcosts.23.WhatisthetrendincompaniesregardingEQ?A.TheyareignoringitinfavorofIQ.B.Theyareusingitasthesolecriterionforhiring.C.TheyareincludingEQtrainingindevelopmentprograms.D.Theyfinditlessimportantthantechnicalskills.PassageTwoUrbangardeningisbecomingapopulartrendincitiesaroundtheworld.Asurbanizationincreases,greenspacesareoftenreplacedbyconcretebuildings.However,manycitydwellersarefindingwaystogrowplantsonrooftops,balconies,andevenincommunitygardens.Urbangardeningoffersseveralbenefits.Firstly,itimprovesairqualitybyabsorbingpollutantsandproducingoxygen.Secondly,ithelpsreducethe"urbanheatisland"effect,wherecitiesaresignificantlywarmerthansurroundingruralareas.Furthermore,growingone'sownvegetablesandherbspromoteshealthyeatingandreducesthecarbonfootprintassociatedwithtransportingfoodlongdistances.Italsoprovidesasenseofcommunityandmentalrelaxationforresidents.Questions24to26arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.24.Wherearecitydwellersgrowingplants?A.Onlyinparks.B.Inruralareas.C.Onrooftops,balconies,andcommunitygardens.D.Inlargecommercialfarms.25.Whatisthe"urbanheatisland"effect?A.Thewarmingofcitiescomparedtoruralareas.B.Theeffectofheatonplantgrowth.C.Aspecifictypeoftropicalgarden.D.Thelackofwindincities.26.Whatisasocialbenefitofurbangardeningmentionedinthepassage?A.Itincreasespropertyvalues.B.Itcreatesjobs.C.Itprovidesasenseofcommunity.D.Itreducestraffic.PassageThreeTheGreatBarrierReef,locatedoffthecoastofAustralia,istheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem.Itisvisiblefromspaceandconsistsofover2,900individualreefsand900islands.However,thisnaturalwonderisunderseverethreatduetoclimatechange.Risingoceantemperaturescausecoralbleaching,aphenomenonwherecoralslosetheirvibrantcolorsanddiebecausethealgaelivingintheirtissuesareexpelled.Inadditiontowarmingwaters,oceanacidification,causedbytheabsorptionofcarbondioxide,weakensthecoralstructure.Scientistsestimatethatasignificantpercentageofthereefhasalreadybeenlost,andurgentactionisneededtoreduceglobalgreenhousegasemissionstosavetheremainingecosystem.Questions27to30arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.27.WhatistheGreatBarrierReef?A.AlargeislandinAustralia.B.Theworld'slargestcoralreefsystem.C.Amarinethemepark.D.Aresearchfacility.28.Whatcausescoralbleaching?A.Overfishing.B.Pollutionfromships.C.Risingoceantemperatures.D.Stormsurges.29.Howdoesoceanacidificationaffectcoral?A.Itincreasesthealgaepopulation.B.Itmakesthewatertooclear.C.Itweakensthecoralstructure.D.Itcausesthecoraltogrowtoofast.30.Whatisthemainsolutionproposedtosavethereef?A.Buildingartificialreefs.B.Banningtourism.C.Reducinggreenhousegasemissions.D.Movingthecoraltodeeperwater.第二部分：英语知识运用Directions:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordforeachnumberedblankfromA,B,CorD.Inthemodernworkplace,thetraditional9-to-5jobisrapidlyevolving.Withtheadvancementoftechnologyandtheriseoftheinternet,moreandmorepeoplearechoosingtoworkfromhome.Thisshift,oftenreferredtoas"remotework,"hasbothsignificantadvantagesandnotable(31)____.Oneoftheprimarybenefitsofremoteworkisflexibility.Employeeshavethe(32)____tosettheirownschedulesandworkfromanylocationwithaninternetconnection.Thisfreedomallowsforabetterwork-lifebalance,(33)____individualstospendmoretimewiththeirfamiliesorpursuepersonalhobbies.Furthermore,remoteworkcanleadtoincreased(34)____.Withoutthedistractionsofabusyofficeenvironmentandthetime(35)____tocommuting,manyworkersfindtheycanfocusbetterandcompletetasksmoreefficiently.However,workingfromhomeisnotwithoutitschallenges.Acommonissueisthefeelingof(36)____.Withoutface-to-faceinteractionwithcolleagues,employeesmayfeellonelyand(37)____fromthecompanyculture.Communicationcanalsobecomemoredifficult,asmisunderstandingsmay(38)____withoutthenon-verbalcuespresentinin-personconversations.Additionally,somepeoplestrugglewithself-discipline.Thehomeenvironmentisfullof(39)____,suchashouseholdchoresortelevision,whichcanmakeithardtostay(40)____.Tomakeremoteworksuccessful,bothemployersandemployeesneedtoadapt.Companiesshouldinvestinreliablecommunicationtoolsand(41)____virtualteam-buildingactivitiestomaintainasenseofcommunity.Employees,ontheotherhand,mustcreatea(42)____workspaceandestablishclearboundariesbetweenworkandpersonallife.Itisimportanttogetdressedforwork,evenifnooneseesyou,andto(43)____regularworkinghours.Inconclusion,remoteworkisatrendthatisheretostay.Whileitoffersunparalleledflexibilityand(44)____productivity,itrequiresahighlevelofself-motivationandeffectivecommunicationskills.Astechnologycontinuesto(45)____,thewayweworkwillundoubtedlycontinuetochange,offeringnewpossibilitiesforthefutureofemployment.31.A.benefitsB.drawbacksC.featuresD.causes32.A.abilityB.necessityC.obligationD.request33.A.forcingB.preventingC.allowingD.forbidding34.A.stressB.confusionC.productivityD.salary35.A.spentB.savedC.wastedD.allocated36.A.excitementB.isolationC.satisfactionD.anxiety37.A.connectedB.engagedC.involvedD.disconnected38.A.ariseB.solveC.disappearD.escalate39.A.toolsB.equipmentC.distractionsD.resources40.A.relaxedB.entertainedC.focusedD.asleep41.A.cancelB.organizeC.ignoreD.delay42.A.sharedB.temporaryC.dedicatedD.messy43.A.extendB.shortenC.followD.break44.A.lowerB.potentialC.actualD.reduced45.A.stagnateB.regressC.evolveD.decline第三部分：阅读理解Directions:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneTheconceptofa"smartcity"hasgainedtractioninrecentyearsasurbanizationacceleratesglobally.AsmartcityutilizesvarioustypesofelectronicInternetofThings(IoT)sensorstocollectdataandthenusetheseinsightstomanageassets,resources,andservicesefficiently.Thisincludesdatacollectedfromcitizens,devices,andassetsthatisprocessedandanalyzedtomonitorandmanagetrafficandtransportationsystems,powerplants,watersupplynetworks,wastemanagement,lawenforcement,communityservices,schools,libraries,hospitals,andothercommunityservices.Theprimarygoalofasmartcityistooptimizecityfunctionsandpromoteeconomicgrowthwhilealsoimprovingthequalityoflifeforcitizensbyusingsmarttechnologiesanddataanalysis.Forexample,smarttrafficmanagementsystemscanadjusttrafficlighttimingsinreal-timebasedoncurrenttrafficflow,reducingcongestionandloweringemissions.Similarly,smartgridscanbalanceelectricityloadstopreventoutagesandensureefficientenergydistribution.However,thedevelopmentofsmartcitiesisnotwithoutchallenges.Privacyandsecurityconcernsareparamount.Withcamerasandsensorsmonitoringalmosteveryaspectofcitylife,thereisariskthatthisdatacouldbemisusedorhacked.Additionally,thehighcostofimplementingthenecessaryinfrastructurecanbeabarrierformanycities,particularlyindevelopingnations.Thereisalsotheissueofdigitalliteracy;citizensmustbeabletouseandbenefitfromthesetechnologies,otherwise,thegapbetweenthetech-savvyandthenon-tech-savvycouldwiden.Despitethesehurdles,thepotentialbenefitsmakethepursuitofsmartcitysolutionscompelling.Byintegratingtechnologyintourbanplanning,citiescanbecomemoresustainable,resilient,andlivable.Thefutureofurbanlivingliesinfindingtherightbalancebetweentechnologicaladvancementandhumanneeds.46.Whatisthemainpurposeofasmartcity?A.Toreplacehumanworkerswithrobots.B.Tomonitorcitizens'privatelives.C.Tooptimizecityfunctionsandimprovequalityoflife.D.Toincreasethecostofliving.47.Howdoesasmarttrafficmanagementsystemwork?A.Itbanscarsfromthecitycenter.B.Itbuildsmoreroads.C.Itadjuststrafficlightsbasedonreal-timedata.D.Itreliesonpoliceofficerstodirecttraffic.48.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasachallengeforsmartcities?A.Lackofelectricity.B.Privacyandsecurityconcerns.C.Shortageofsensors.D.Lackofinterestfromthegovernment.49.Whatdoestheword"paramount"inParagraph3mostlikelymean?A.Irrelevant.B.Secondary.C.Ofutmostimportance.D.Minimal.50.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardssmartcities?A.Critical.B.Optimisticbutcautious.C.Indifferent.D.Entirelynegative.PassageTwoThesharingeconomy,alsoknownasthecollaborativeeconomyorpeer-to-peereconomy,isaneconomicmodeldefinedbyasetoftechnologiesthatfacilitatethesharingofresources.CompanieslikeUberandAirbnbhavebecomehouseholdnamesbyallowingindividualstosharetheircarsandhomeswithstrangersforafee.Thismodelhasdisruptedtraditionalindustriessuchastaxisandhotels,offeringconsumersoftencheaperandmoreconvenientalternatives.Proponentsofthesharingeconomyarguethatitmakesbetteruseofunderutilizedassets.Forinstance,mostprivatecarssitidleforthemajorityoftheday;ride-sharingallowsthesevehiclestobeusedproductively.Italsofostersasenseofcommunityandtrust,asinteractionsoccurbetweenpeersratherthanfacelesscorporations.Furthermore,itprovidesflexibleincomeopportunitiesforindividualswhocanmonetizetheirsparetimeorpossessions.However,criticspointoutseveralissues.Onemajorconcernisregulation.Traditionalserviceprovidersaresubjecttostrictregulationsregardingsafety,insurance,andlaborlaws,whereassharingeconomyplatformsoftenoperateinagrayarea.Thiscanleadtounfaircompetitionandpotentialrisksforconsumers.Therearealsoconcernsaboutthestabilityofjobsinthegigeconomy,whereworkerslackbenefitslikehealthinsuranceandpaidleave,andfaceunpredictableincome.Moreover,thesocialimpactisdebated.Whilesomeclaimitbuildscommunity,othersarguethatitcommodifieshumaninteractionandturnsneighborsintoserviceproviders.Theenvironmentalimpactisalsomixed;whilesharingcanreducetheneedforownership,theconvenienceofride-sharingcanalsoincreasethetotalnumberofmilesdriven,contributingtopollution.Ultimately,thesharingeconomyrepresentsasignificantshiftinhowweconsumegoodsandservices.Whileitoffersundeniablebenefitsintermsofefficiencyandcost,itrequiresanewregulatoryframeworktoensurefairnessandsafetyforallparticipants.51.Whatisthesharingeconomy?A.Aneconomybasedongovernmentownership.B.Amodelwherepeopleshareresourcesviatechnology.C.Atraditionalbusinessmodel.D.Asystemwherecorporationsshareprofits.52.Accordingtoproponents,whatisabenefitofthesharingeconomy?A.Itincreasesthenumberofcarsontheroad.B.Itdestroysunderutilizedassets.C.Itprovidesflexibleincomeopportunities.D.Iteliminatestheneedforregulations.53.Whatisamajorcriticismregardingregulation?A.Sharingeconomyplatformsaretoostrictlyregulated.B.Traditionalcompanieshavefewerregulations.C.Sharingeconomyplatformsoftenavoidstrictregulations.D.Consumersdonotcareaboutsafety.54.Howmightthesharingeconomynegativelyaffecttheenvironment?A.Byreducingcarownership.B.Byincreasingthetotalmilesdriven.C.Bypromotingpublictransport.D.Byreducingpollution.55.Whatistheauthor'sconclusion?A.Thesharingeconomyshouldbebanned.B.Itneedsanewregulatoryframework.C.Itisperfectandneedsnochanges.D.Itwilleventuallydisappear.PassageThree(1)Thehistoryofcoffeeisasrichasthebrewitself.(2)LegendhasitthatcoffeewasdiscoveredbyanEthiopiangoatherdernamedKaldi,whonoticedhisgoatsbecameenergeticaftereatingberriesfromacertainbush.(3)FromEthiopia,coffeespreadtotheArabianPeninsula,whereitbecameapopularsocialdrinkincoffeehousesbythe15thcentury.(4)Thesecoffeehouses,knownas"qahvehkhaneh,"becamecentersofpoliticalactivityandconversation,somuchsothattheyweresometimesbannedbyrulerswhofeareddissent.(5)Bythe17thcentury,coffeehadmadeitswaytoEurope,creatingasimilarbuzz.(6)InVenice,thefirstEuropeancoffeehouseopenedin1645,andsoon,coffeehouseswerepoppingupalloverthecontinent.(7)Theyweredubbed"pennyuniversities"becauseforthepriceofapenny,onecouldenterandengageinstimulatingconversationwiththeintellectualsoftheday.(8)Thedemandforcoffeeledtotheestablishmentofplantationsincolonies.(9)Europeanpowers,notablytheDutchandtheFrench,begancultivatingcoffeeintheircoloniesinAsiaandtheAmericastomeetthegrowingdemand.(10)Thiseraofexpansionalsohadadarkside,asthecultivationofcoffeereliedheavilyonslavelaborinmanyregions.(11)Today,coffeeisoneofthemosttradedcommoditiesintheworld,secondonlytooil.(12)Ithasevolvedfromamysteriousberrytoaglobalstaple,connectingculturesandeconomiesacrosstheglobe.Directions:Thefollowingsentencesaretakenfromthepassageabove.Choosethesentencethatbestfitstheblankinthesummaryparagraphbelow.SummaryParagraph:CoffeeoriginatedinEthiopia,wherelegendsaysagoatherderdiscovereditsenergizingeffects.___A___.ItthenspreadtoEuropeinthe17thcentury,becomingpopularin"pennyuniversities"wherepeoplegatheredtotalk.___B___.Now,itisaglobalcommodity,secondonlytooilinvalue.56.SentenceforBlankA:A.Fromthere,itmovedtotheArabianPeninsula,becomingasocialdrinkincoffeehouses.B.CoffeewasbannedinEuropebecauseitcausedtoomuchexcitement.C.TheDutchwerethefirsttodiscovercoffee.D.Coffeewasoriginallyusedasafoodsource.57.SentenceforBlankB:A.Coffeehousesarenolongerpopulartoday.B.TheexpansionofcoffeecultivationwasdrivenbyEuropeancolonialpowers.C.CoffeeisonlygrowninEthiopia.D.Peoplestoppeddrinkingcoffeeinthe18thcentury.PassageFourDirections:Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsbycompletingthesentencesinthefewestpossiblewords.Theconceptof"lifelonglearning"hasbecomeessentialinthe21stcentury.Unlikethetraditionalviewofeducationasaphasethatendswithgraduation,lifelonglearningisthecontinuouspursuitofknowledgethroughoutone'slife.Thisapproachisdrivenbytherapidpaceoftechnologicalchange.Skillsthatwerevaluabletenyearsagomaybeobsoletetoday.Therefore,individualsmustconstantlyupdatetheirskillstoremainrelevantinthejobmarket.Lifelonglearningtakesmanyforms.Itcanbeformal,suchasenrollinginuniversitycoursesorprofessionalcertificationprograms.Itcanalsobeinformal,involvingself-study,reading,attendingworkshops,orwatchingonlinetutorials.Theinternethasdemocratizedaccesstoinformation,makingiteasierthaneverforpeopletolearnnewthingsfromthecomfortoftheirhomes.Employersalsoplayacrucialrole.Manycompaniesnowoffertrainingprogramstohelptheiremployeesupskill.Thisnotonlybenefitstheemployeebutalsothecompany,asaskilledworkforceismoreadaptableandproductive.Governmentsareincreasinglyinvestinginadulteducationinitiativestoensuretheworkforceremainscompetitiveintheglobaleconomy.Ultimately,lifelonglearningisaboutcuriosityandadaptability.Itisthemindsetthatallowsindividualstonavigateaconstantlychangingworldsuccessfully.Byembracinglearningasalifelongjourney,peoplecanunlocknewopportunities,enrichtheirlives,andcontributemoreeffectivelytosociety.58.Whatisthemaindriveroftheneedforlifelonglearning?Therapidpaceof____________________.59.Whatarethetwoformsoflifelonglearningmentionedinthepassage?Theyareformaland____________________.60.Whydocompaniesoffertrainingprogramstoemployees?Tohelpthemupskillandkeeptheworkforce____________________.第四部分：写作SectionADirections:Writealettertoafriendwhoiscomingtovisityourcity(Xiangxi,Hunan)forthefirsttime.Inyourletter:1.Expressyourexcitementabouttheirvisit.2.