全国英语等级考试（PETS）三级仿真试题及答案解析(贵州省黔西南州2025年下半年)

全国英语等级考试（PETS）三级仿真试题及答案解析(贵州省黔西南州2025年下半年)本试卷分为听力理解、英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作四个部分。请按要求作答，并在指定位置填写答案。第一部分听力理解本部分包含A、B两节，共25小题。听力考试进行时，请先在试卷上作答，听力结束后，你有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。A节在本节中，你将听到10段简短对话。每段对话后有一个问题和三个选项。请根据对话内容，选出最佳选项。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotothecinema.B.Finishhisreport.C.Attendameeting.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Inaclassroom.3.Whatisthewoman'sopinionaboutthecourse?A.Toodifficult.B.Veryinteresting.C.Quiteeasy.4.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetickets?A.$20.B.$30.C.$40.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewmovie.B.Afamousdirector.C.Aweekendplan.6.Whydidthewomanfailtocalltheman?A.Shelostherphone.B.Shewasbusywithwork.C.Thesignalwasbad.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Takeataxi.B.Waitforthebus.C.Walktothestation.8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Husbandandwife.C.Bossandsecretary.9.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hedoesn'tliketheshirt.B.Theshirtistooexpensive.C.Hewillbuytheshirt.10.Whenwillthetrainarrive?A.At2:15.B.At2:45.C.At3:15.B节在本节中，你将听到4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个问题和三个选项。请根据内容，选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Tobookaroom.B.Tocancelareservation.C.Toaskforinformationaboutthehotel.12.Whatisincludedintheroomrate?A.Breakfast.B.Parking.C.Gymaccess.13.Howmuchisastandardroompernight?A.$80.B.$100.C.$120.听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。14.Whatisthewoman'sproblem?A.Shehasaheadache.B.Shehasastomachache.C.Shehasatoothache.15.Howlonghasthewomanbeenfeelingill?A.Sinceyesterdaymorning.B.Sinceyesterdayafternoon.C.Sincelastnight.16.Whatdidthewomaneatfordinner?A.Somecoldfood.B.Someseafood.C.Somefastfood.17.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Takesomemedicine.B.Seeadoctorimmediately.C.Drinkmorewarmwater.听下面一段对话，回答第18至21题。18.Whatarethespeakersplanningtodothisweekend?A.Gohiking.B.Gocamping.C.Gofishing.19.Whatwilltheweatherbelikethisweekend?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.20.Whatdoesthemanneedtoprepare?A.Atent.B.Somefood.C.Acamera.21.Whenwilltheysetoff?A.At6:00am.B.At7:00am.C.At8:00am.听下面一段独白，回答第22至25题。22.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Thehistoryofthecity.B.Atourarrangement.C.Thelocalculture.23.Wherewillthetouristsgofirst?A.Themuseum.B.Thecentralsquare.C.Theoldcastle.24.Howlongwillthetouristsstayatthecentralsquare?A.Halfanhour.B.Onehour.C.Twohours.25.Whatwillthetouristsdointheafternoon?A.Visitagallery.B.Goshopping.C.Enjoyalocalmeal.第二部分英语知识运用阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Theriseofonlineeducationhassignificantlytransformedthewaypeoplelearn.Unliketraditionalclassrooms,onlineplatformsofferstudentstheflexibilitytostudyattheirownpaceandintheirownspace.Thisisparticularly26foradultlearnerswhomayhaveworkorfamily27.However,onlineeducationisnotwithoutits28.Onemajorissueisthelackofface-to-faceinteraction.Inatraditionalclassroom,studentscan29askquestionsandengageindiscussions.30,onlinelearnersoftenfeelisolated,whichcan31theirmotivation.Tosolvethis,manyplatformshave32livevideosessionsanddiscussionforumsto33asenseofcommunity.Anotherchallengeisthe34ofself-discipline.Withoutateacherphysicallypresentto35them,somestudentsstruggleto36theirtimeeffectively.Theymayeasilybe37bysocialmediaorotheronlineentertainments.Therefore,successfulonlinelearningrequiresahigh38ofpersonalresponsibility.Furthermore,the39ofonlinecoursesvariesgreatly.Whilesomecoursesarewell-designedand40,othersareofpoorquality.Itisessentialforstudentsto41thecredibilityoftheplatformandreadreviewsbefore42.Despitethesechallenges,thefutureofonlineeducationlooks43.Astechnologycontinuesto44,wecanexpectmoreinteractiveandpersonalizedlearningexperiences.Thekeyisto45thebenefitsofflexibilitywitheffectivesupportsystemstoensurethatlearnerscan46theirgoals.Intheend,onlineeducationisnotjusta47trend,butafundamental48intheeducationallandscape,providingopportunitiesforlifelonglearningtoanyonewithan49connection.Itempowersindividualstotake50oftheirowneducationaljourney.26.A.beneficialB.harmfulC.difficultD.useless27.A.eventsB.commitmentsC.gatheringsD.meetings28.A.advantagesB.benefitsC.challengesD.conveniences29.A.quicklyB.hardlyC.slowlyD.quietly30.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.InsteadD.Besides31.A.increaseB.boostC.affectD.improve32.A.introducedB.rejectedC.forbiddenD.delayed33.A.destroyB.createC.reduceD.damage34.A.presenceB.absenceC.needD.lack35.A.monitorB.teachC.guideD.watch36.A.spendB.wasteC.manageD.save37.A.focusedB.distractedC.attractedD.engaged38.A.levelB.amountC.numberD.grade39.A.priceB.qualityC.lengthD.size40.A.boringB.engagingC.confusingD.frustrating41.A.ignoreB.forgetC.evaluateD.doubt42.A.enrollingB.leavingC.droppingD.graduating43.A.darkB.brightC.gloomyD.uncertain44.A.advanceB.declineC.stopD.pause45.A.combineB.separateC.replaceD.compare46.A.giveupB.achieveC.setD.miss47.A.temporaryB.permanentC.falseD.real48.A.problemB.shiftC.obstacleD.mistake49.A.internetB.accountC.emailD.application50.A.controlB.chargeC.advantageD.care第三部分阅读理解A节阅读下列三篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Text1Theshifttowardsremoteworkhasbeenoneofthemostsignificantchangesintheprofessionalworldinrecentyears.Whilemanydiscussionsfocusonitsimpactonproductivityandwork-lifebalance,anequallyimportantaspectisitseffectontheenvironment.Oneofthemostimmediateenvironmentalbenefitsofremoteworkisthereductioningreenhousegasemissions.Withfeweremployeescommutingtoworkdaily,thereisasubstantialdecreaseinthenumberofcarsontheroad.Thisnotonlyreducescarbondioxideemissionsbutalsolowersairpollutioninurbanareas.Studieshaveshownthatifasignificantportionoftheworkforceworkedfromhomejustafewdaysaweek,thereductioninemissionswouldbeequivalenttotakingmillionsofcarsofftheroad.Additionally,remoteworkcanleadtoadecreaseinenergyconsumption.Officebuildingsrequiremassiveamountsofenergyforlighting,heating,cooling,andpoweringelectronicequipment.Whencompaniesdownsizetheirphysicalofficespacesduetoremoteworkpolicies,theenergysavedisconsiderable.Furthermore,individualsworkingfromhomeoftenbecomemoreconsciousoftheirenergyuse,astheyaredirectlypayingtheutilitybills.Thiscanleadtomoreenergy-efficientbehaviors,suchasturningofflightsinunusedroomsoradjustingthermostats.However,theenvironmentalimpactofremoteworkisnotentirelypositive.Theincreasedrelianceondigitaltechnologymeansmoreenergyisconsumedbydatacentersandhomeofficeequipment.Videoconferencing,cloudstorage,andconstantinternetconnectivityrequiresignificantpower.Moreover,theproductionanddisposalofelectronicdevicescontributetoelectronicwaste,agrowingenvironmentalconcern.Tomaximizetheenvironmentalbenefitsofremotework,companiesandindividualsneedtobemindfuloftheirdigitalcarbonfootprint.Thisincludesusingenergy-efficientdevices,optimizingcloudstorage,andreducingunnecessaryvideocalls.Ultimately,ifmanagedcorrectly,remoteworkcanbeapowerfultoolinthefightagainstclimatechange.51.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Remoteworkreducesproductivity.B.Remoteworkhasbothpositiveandnegativeenvironmentalimpacts.C.Officebuildingsconsumelessenergythanhomeoffices.D.Commutingistheonlycauseofairpollution.52.Accordingtothepassage,howdoesremoteworkreducegreenhousegasemissions?A.Byclosingdownofficebuildings.B.Byreducingthenumberofdailycommuters.C.Byincreasingtheuseofpublictransport.D.Bypromotingtheuseofelectriccars.53.Whydohomeworkerstendtobemoreenergy-efficient?A.Theyuselesselectronicequipment.B.Theyhavesmallerlivingspaces.C.Theypaytheirownutilitybills.D.Theyreceivetrainingonenergysaving.54.Whatisanegativeenvironmentalimpactofremoteworkmentionedinthetext?A.Increasedwaterpollution.B.Higherpaperconsumption.C.Moreelectronicwaste.D.Deforestation.55.Whatdoestheauthorsuggesttomaximizethebenefitsofremotework?A.Returningtotraditionalofficesettings.B.Beingmindfulofthedigitalcarbonfootprint.C.Banningtheuseofvideoconferencing.D.Buyingmoreelectronicdevices.Text2Sleepisoftenviewedasaperiodofrest,butitisactuallyahighlyactiveprocessforthebrain.Duringsleep,particularlyduringtherapideyemovement(REM)stage,thebrainisbusyprocessinginformation,consolidatingmemories,andclearingouttoxins.Understandingtherelationshipbetweensleepandmemoryhasbecomeamajorfocusofneurologicalresearch.Memoriesarenotformedinstantly.Theyundergoaprocesscalledconsolidation,wherefragile,short-termmemoriesaretransformedintostable,long-termones.Thisprocesslargelyoccursduringsleep.Whenwelearnsomethingnew,theneuralpathwaysinourbrainareactivated.Duringsleep,thesepathwaysarereplayedandstrengthened,makingthememorymorepermanent.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhogetadequatesleepafterlearninganewtaskperformsignificantlybetterthanthosewhostayawake.Furthermore,sleephelpsthebrainfilteroutirrelevantinformation.Throughouttheday,wetakeinamassiveamountofsensoryinput.Ifwerememberedeverything,ourbrainswouldbeoverwhelmed.Duringsleep,thebrainevaluatesthesememoriesanddiscardstheunimportantones,aprocessknownassynapticpruning.Thisnotonlyfreesupspacefornewinformationbutalsopreventsmemoryoverload.Lackofsleep,ontheotherhand,hasdetrimentaleffectsonmemory.Sleepdeprivationimpairsthebrain'sabilitytoformnewmemoriesandretrieveexistingones.Italsoaffectsattentionandconcentration,makingithardertolearninthefirstplace.Chronicsleepdeprivationhasevenbeenlinkedtoanincreasedriskofneurodegenerativediseases,suchasAlzheimer's.Tooptimizememoryandcognitivefunction,expertsrecommend7to9hoursofqualitysleeppernightforadults.Establishingaregularsleepschedule,creatingacomfortablesleepenvironment,andavoidingscreensbeforebedarealleffectivewaystoimprovesleepquality.Ultimately,prioritizingsleepisnotaluxury,butanecessityforahealthyandsharpmind.56.WhathappensduringtheREMstageofsleep?A.Thebrainrestscompletely.B.Thebrainprocessesandconsolidatesmemories.C.Thebrainstopsformingnewpathways.D.Thebodyismostactive.57.Whatdoestheterm"consolidation"refertointhepassage?A.Forgettingirrelevantinformation.B.Theprocessoflearningnewthings.C.Transformingshort-termmemoriesintolong-termones.D.Clearingtoxinsfromthebrain.58.Whatisthepurposeof"synapticpruning"?A.Tostrengthenneuralpathways.B.Toremembereverythingexperiencedduringtheday.C.Tolearnnewtasksfaster.D.Todiscardunimportantmemoriesandfreeupspace.59.Howdoessleepdeprivationaffectthebrain?A.Itimprovesmemoryretrieval.B.Itimpairstheabilitytoformnewmemories.C.Itspeedsuptheconsolidationprocess.D.Ithasnoeffectonattention.60.Whatisthemainpointofthelastparagraph?A.Adultsneedlesssleepthanchildren.B.Screensarebeneficialbeforebed.C.Qualitysleepisessentialforcognitivefunction.D.Aregularsleepscheduleisimpossibletomaintain.Text3Urbanagriculture,thepracticeofgrowingfoodwithinoraroundcities,isgainingpopularityworldwide.Fromrooftopgardenstocommunityvegetableplots,citydwellersarefindinginnovativewaystocultivatetheirownproduce.Thismovementisdrivenbyadesireforfresh,organicfood,aswellasconcernsabouttheenvironmentalimpactoftraditionalfoodsupplychains.Oneoftheprimarybenefitsofurbanagricultureisitscontributiontofoodsecurity.Inmanycities,especiallyinlow-incomeneighborhoods,accesstofreshandaffordableproduceislimited—aphenomenonknownasa"fooddesert."Urbanfarmscanprovidethesecommunitieswithareliablesourceofnutritiousfood.Additionally,growingfoodlocallyreducesthedistanceittravelsfromfarmtoplate,knownas"foodmiles."Thisreductionintransportationnotonlylowerscarbonemissionsbutalsoensuresthatthefoodisfresherandmorenutritious.Urbanagriculturealsobringssocialandeducationalbenefits.Communitygardensserveasgatheringplaceswhereneighborscaninteract,shareknowledge,andbuildasenseofbelonging.Forchildren,thesegardenscanbeoutdoorclassrooms,teachingthemaboutnature,biology,andwheretheirfoodcomesfrom.Thishands-onexperienceisoftenmoreeffectivethantextbooklearning.However,urbanfarmingfacesseveralchallenges.Landincitiesisexpensiveandoftenpolluted.Findingsuitable,uncontaminatedsoilisamajorhurdle.Furthermore,urbanfarmersmustdealwithlimitedspace,requiringthemtouseverticalfarmingtechniquesorhydroponics,whichcanbecostlytosetup.Despitethesechallenges,theresilienceandcreativityofurbanfarmerscontinuetodrivethemovementforward.Withtheglobalpopulationbecomingincreasinglyurbanized,theroleofurbanagricultureincreatingsustainableandresilientcitiescannotbeoverstated.Itisnotjustaboutgrowingfood;itisaboutreconnectingwithnature,buildingcommunities,andrethinkinghowourcitiesfunction.61.Whatisthemainreasonfortheriseofurbanagriculture?A.Thehighcostofland.B.Thedesireforfreshfoodandenvironmentalconcerns.C.Thelackoftraditionalfarms.D.Governmentpolicies.62.Whatisa"fooddesert"accordingtothepassage?A.Adesertusedforfarming.B.Anareawithlimitedaccesstofreshandaffordableproduce.C.Acommunitygardeninacity.D.Aplacewherefoodistransportedfromfaraway.63.Whydoeslocallygrownfoodhavelowercarbonemissions?A.Ituseslesswater.B.Itdoesnotrequirefertilizers.C.Itreducesthedistancefoodtravels.D.Itisgrowninverticalfarms.64.Whatisoneoftheeducationalbenefitsofcommunitygardens?A.Theyprovidetextbooksforchildren.B.Theyteachchildrenaboutnatureandfoodsources.C.Theytrainchildrentobecomeprofessionalfarmers.D.Theyoffercoursesonbusinessmanagement.65.Whatisamajorchallengefacedbyurbanfarmersmentionedinthetext?A.Lackofsunlight.B.Pestsanddiseases.C.Findinguncontaminatedsoil.D.Highcostofseeds.B节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。Theconceptofminimalismhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears.Atitscore,minimalismisaboutlivingwithlessandfocusingonwhattrulymatters.66.______Thefirststeptoembracingminimalismisdecluttering.Thisinvolvesgoingthroughyourbelongingsandkeepingonlythoseitemsthatserveapurposeorbringyoujoy.67.______Minimalismalsoextendstoourdigitallives.Intoday'sworld,weareconstantlybombardedwithinformation.68.______Byunsubscribingfromunnecessaryemailsandlimitingscreentime,wecanreducementalclutter.Furthermore,aminimalistlifestylecanleadtofinancialbenefits.Whenyoustopbuyingthingsyoudon'tneed,yousavemoney.69.______Thiscanbeusedforexperiences,suchastravelingorlearninganewskill,whichoftenbringmorelastinghappinessthanmaterialpossessions.70.______Itisapersonaljourney,andthereisnoone-size-fits-allapproach.Thegoalisnottoownnothing,buttoensurethateverythingyouownaddsvaluetoyourlife.A.Minimalismisnotaboutdeprivation.B.Digitalminimalismisjustasimportant.C.Thisprocesscanbeemotionallychallengingbutultimatelyliberating.D.Thismeansremovingphysical,mental,andemotionalclutter.E.Youarealsolesslikelytofallintodebt.F.Minimalismisonlyaboutgettingridofoldclothes.G.Byclearingouttheunnecessary,wemakeroomfortheessential.第四部分写作A节假设你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom打算来中国旅游，请你给他写一封电子邮件，推荐一个你去过的城市，并说明推荐的理由。词数100词左右。B节请以"TheImportanceofLifelongLearning"为题，写一篇议论文，讨论终身学习的重要性。词数120-150词。参考答案及解析第一部分听力理解1.【答案】B【解析】女士邀请男士今晚去看电影，男士回答说虽然很想去，但必须完成明天会议要用的报告。因此他接下来要做的是完成报告，选B。2.【答案】A【解析】男士问这本书能借多久，女士回答可以借两周且可续借一次。借书还书的场景通常发生在图书馆，选A。3.【答案】A【解析】男士问女士觉得历史课怎么样，女士说没有想象的那么简单，有很多阅读作业。这表明她认为课程太难，选A。4.【答案】C【解析】女士说每张票10美元，男士说要四张。总金额计算公式为10×5.【答案】A【解析】男士问女士周末计划做什么，女士说打算看克里斯托弗·诺兰导演的新电影。两人主要谈论的是一部新电影，选A。6.【答案】C【解析】男士问女士昨天为何没打电话，女士说去山里徒步了，信号很不好。没打电话的原因是信号差，选C。7.【答案】A【解析】女士担心赶不上火车，因为公交堵车。男士建议她最好打个出租车。选A。8.【答案】C【解析】女士请男士打印这封信并发给客户，男士回答“没问题，还有什么吩咐，老板？”。由此可知两人是老板与秘书的关系，选C。9.【答案】B【解析】女士问男士觉得这件衬衫如何，男士说颜色不错，但对他来说太贵了。说明他认为衬衫太贵，选B。10.【答案】B【解析】男士说火车本该2:15到，但晚点了30分钟。计算公式为2:11.【答案】A【解析】男士打电话给假日酒店，说想预订下周五的标准间。目的是预订房间，选A。12.【答案】A【解析】男士问房费是否包含早餐，女士给出了肯定的回答。因此房费包含早餐，选A。13.【答案】B【解析】女士在对话中明确提到标准间的价格是每晚100美元，选B。14.【答案】B【解析】男士问女士怎么了，女士说她胃痛得厉害。选B。15.【答案】C【解析】女士说她从昨晚开始就觉得恶心。选C。16.【答案】B【解析】男士问女士晚饭吃了什么，女士回答在街角的新餐厅吃了海鲜。选B。17.【答案】B【解析】男士认为海鲜可能是问题所在，并建议女士立刻去看医生，还可以开车送她去医院。选B。18.【答案】A【解析】女士提议周末天气晴好去徒步，男士表示赞同。选A。19.【答案】A【解析】对话开头女士提到天气预报说周末天气晴朗。选A。20.【答案】C【解析】女士说她准备食物和饮料，男士说他带上相机，因为山里的风景一定很美。选C。21.【答案】B【解析】女士建议早上7点出发以避开交通拥堵，男士同意并表示7点去接她。选B。22.【答案】B【解析】独白开头说话人欢迎大家参加城市游，并介绍自己是今天的导游。整段话都在介绍行程安排，选B。23.【答案】A【解析】导游说行程将从城市博物馆开始，游客可以在那里了解城市的历史和文化。选A。24.【答案】B【解析】导游提到，在中央广场游客可以拍照并欣赏美丽的建筑，停留时间为一个小时。选B。25.【答案】A【解析】在独白最后，导游提到下午将参观山上的古堡，选A。第二部分英语知识运用26.【答案】A【解析】前句提到在线平台提供灵活性，这对于有工作或家庭负担的成年学习者来说是“有益的”。beneficial意为“有益的”，符合语境。harmful有害的；difficult困难的；useless无用的。27.【答案】B【解析】成年学习者通常有工作或家庭的“承诺/责任”。commitments指“承诺、责任、需花时间精力之事”，符合语境。events事件；gatherings聚会；meetings会议。28.【答案】C【解析】根据后文提到的问题和挑战，此处指在线教育并非没有它的“挑战”。challenges挑战。advantages优势；benefits益处；conveniences便利。29.【答案】A【解析】在传统课堂中，学生可以“迅速地”提问并参与讨论。quickly迅速地。hardly几乎不；slowly缓慢地；quietly安静地。30.【答案】C【解析】前文讲传统课堂学生互动快，后文讲在线学习者常感到孤立，两者是对比关系。Instead相反。Therefore因此；However然而（通常用逗号隔开）；Besides此外。31.【答案】C【解析】孤立感会“影响”他们的动机。affect影响。increase增加；boost提升；improve改善。32.【答案】A【解析】为了解决这个问题，许多平台“引入”了直播和讨论区。introduced引入。rejected拒绝；forbidden禁止；delayed延迟。33.【答案】B【解析】引入直播和讨论区是为了“创造”社区感。create创造。destroy破坏；reduce减少；damage损害。34.【答案】D【解析】另一个挑战是“缺乏”自律。lack缺乏。presence出席；absence缺席（通常搭配of）；need需要。35.【答案】A【解析】没有老师在场“监督”他们。monitor监督。teach教；guide引导；watch观看（偏向注视而非监督学习）。36.【答案】C【解析】一些学生很难有效地“管理”他们的时间。managetime管理时间。spend花费；waste浪费；save节省。37.【答案】B【解析】他们很容易被社交媒体分心。bedistractedby被……分心。befocusedon集中于；beattractedto被吸引；beengagedin参与。38.【答案】A【解析】成功的在线学习需要高“水平”的个人责任感。level水平。amount和number通常修饰可数或不可数名词的具体数量；grade年级。39.【答案】B【解析】在线课程的“质量”参差不齐。quality质量。price价格；length长度；size大小。40.【答案】B【解析】虽然有些课程设计良好且“吸引人”，但其他的则质量很差。engaging引人入胜的。boring无聊的；confusing令人困惑的；frustrating令人沮丧的。41.【答案】C【解析】学生在注册前必须“评估”平台的可信度。evaluate评估。ignore忽视；forget忘记；doubt怀疑。42.【答案】A【解析】在“注册”之前评估平台可信度。enrolling注册。leaving离开；dropping退出；graduating毕业。43.【答案】B【解析】尽管有这些挑战，在线教育的未来看起来很“光明”。bright光明的。dark黑暗的；gloomy阴暗的；uncertain不确定的。44.【答案】A【解析】随着技术的不断“进步”，我们可以期待更多互动的学习体验。advance进步。decline下降；stop停止；pause暂停。45.【答案】A【解析】关键是将灵活性的好处与有效的支持系统“结合”起来。combine结合。separate分离；replace取代；compare比较。46.【答案】B【解析】确保学习者能够“实现”他们的目标。achievegoals实现目标。giveup放弃；setgoals设定目标；missgoals错过目标。47.【答案】A【解析】在线教育不仅仅是一个“暂时的”趋势，而是教育格局的根本转变。temporary暂时的。permanent永久的；false错误的；real真实的。48.【答案】B【解析】根本性的“转变”。shift转变。problem问题；obstacle障碍；mistake错误。49.【答案】A【解析】为任何有“互联网”连接的人提供终身学习的机会。internetconnection网络连接。account账户；email电子邮件；application应用。50.【答案】A【解析】它赋予个人掌控自己教育旅程的能力。takecontrolof掌控。takechargeof负责；takeadvantageof利用；takecareof照顾。第三部分阅读理解51.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出远程工作对环境的影响，第二、三段论述了其对环境的积极影响（减少温室气体排放、降低能耗），第四段论述了其消极影响（电子垃圾、数据中心能耗），最后一段总结如何最大化其环境效益。因此，文章主旨是远程工作对环境既有积极影响也有消极影响，选B。52.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。第二段指出，远程工作最直接的环境效益是减少温室气体排放，因为每天通勤的员工减少，路上的汽车数量大幅减少，选B。53.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。第三段提到，在家工作的人往往更注重能源使用，因为他们直接支付水电费，这促使他们采取更节能的行为，选C。54.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。第四段指出，对数字技术的日益依赖意味着数据中心和家庭办公设备消耗更多能源，而且电子设备的生产和处置导致了电子废弃物这一日益严重的环境问题，选C。55.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。最后一段作者建议，为了最大化远程工作的环境效益，公司和个人需要注意他们的数字碳足迹，包括使用节能设备、优化云存储和减少不必要的视频通话，选B。56.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。第一段指出，在睡眠期间，尤其是在快速眼动（REM）阶段，大脑正忙于处理信息、巩固记忆和清除毒素，选B。57.【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题。第二段解释了“consolidation”这一过程，即脆弱的短期记忆转化为稳定的长期记忆，选C。58.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。第三段提到，在睡眠期间，大脑会评估这些记忆并丢弃不重要的部分，这个过程被称为“突触修剪”，它不仅为新信息腾出空间，还能防止记忆过载，选D。59.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。第四段指出，睡眠剥夺会损害大脑形成新记忆和检索现有记忆的能力，选B。60.【答案】C【解析】段落大意题。最后一段指出，为了优化记忆和认知功能，专家建议成年人每晚需要7到9小时的高质量睡眠，并给出了改善睡眠质量的方法。该段的主旨是优质睡眠对认知功能至关重要，选C。61.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。第一段指出，这场运动是由对新鲜有机食品的渴望，以及对传统食品供应链环境影响的担忧所推动的，选B。62.【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。第二段提到，在许多城市，特别是在低收入社区，获得新鲜且负担得起的农产品机会有限，这种现象被称为“食物沙漠”，选B。63.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。第二段指出，在本地种植食物缩短了从农场到餐桌的距离，即“食物里程”，这种运输距离的减少降低了碳排放，选C。64.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。第三段提到，对孩子来说，这些花园可以作为户外课堂，教他们了解自然、生物学以及食物的来源，选B。65.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。第四段指出，城市农业面临几个挑战，城市的土地昂贵且经常受到污染，寻找合适、无污染的土壤是一个主要障碍，选C。66.【答案】D【解析】前一句提到极简主义是关于拥有更少并专注于真正重要的事情。选项D“这意味着清除物理、精神和情感上的杂物”与前文衔接紧密，解释了拥有更少的具体做法，选D。67.【答案】C【解析】前一句提到极简主义