2026年外贸合同英语专项练习题及答案

2026年外贸合同英语专项练习题及答案PartI:VocabularyandStructure(SingleChoice)Directions:Inthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.TheSellersshallnotbeheldresponsibleforthedelayinshipmentornon-deliveryofthegoodsdueto______ForceMajeure.A.aB.anC.theD./2.Paymentistobemadebyconfirmed,irrevocableLetterofCreditpayablebydraftat______againstpresentationofshippingdocuments.A.sightB.viewC.lookD.money3.TheBuyeragreestobuyandtheSelleragreestoselltheunder-mentionedgoods______thetermsandconditionsstipulatedbelow.A.subjecttoB.subjectedtoC.objecttoD.objectedto4.Incasethequalityofthegoodsisfoundnotinconformitywiththecontractstipulations,theBuyershalllodgeaclaim______theSeller.A.forB.againstC.withD.to5.TheLetterofCreditshallremainvalidfornegotiationinChinauntilthe15thdayafterthedateof______.A.shipmentB.shippingC.shipD.shipped6.Anyclaimregardingthegoodsshippedshallbefiledwithin30daysafterthearrivalofthegoodsattheportof______.A.destinationB.deliveryC.dispatchD.shipment7.Thepricequotedhereinisbasedonthepresentexchangerate.Iftheexchangeratechangesbymorethan2%,thepriceissubjectto______.A.adjustmentB.adjustC.adjustingD.adjusted8.TheBuyershallopentheLetterofCredit______theSellerthroughabank.A.infavorofB.forfavorofC.tofavorofD.withfavorof9.Thegoodsarepackedinnewwoodencasessuitable______long-distanceoceantransportation.A.toB.forC.withD.by10.TheSellersguaranteethatthecommoditiessuppliedhereunderarefreefromdefectsindesign,materialand______.A.workmanshipB.workmanC.worksD.working11.______thecontractstipulations,theBuyerisobligedtoacceptthegoods.A.AccordingtoB.AccordancetoC.AccordingwithD.Accordancewith12.ThecontractismadeoutinEnglishandChinese,bothtextsbeingequallyauthentic.Incaseofanydiscrepancy,the______versionshallprevail.A.EnglishB.ChineseC.FrenchD.Russian13.TheBuyershallhavetherighttoinspectthegoodsbeforeshipment.Theinspectionfeeshallbe______bytheBuyer.A.bornB.boreC.borneD.bearing14.IftheBuyerfailstoopentheLetterofCreditontime,theSellershallhavetherightto______thecontract.A.cancelB.cancellingC.cancelledD.cancellation15.TheinsuranceshallbecoveredbytheSellerfor110%oftheinvoicevalue______AllRisks.A.againstB.withC.forD.to16.Thegoodsaretobeshipped______threeequallots.A.inB.onC.atD.by17.TheSellershalladvisetheBuyerimmediatelyoftheoccurrenceofanyForceMajeureandsendtotheBuyeracertificateissuedbythe______.A.governmentB.chamberofcommerceC.bankD.insurancecompany18.Thearbitrationshalltakeplacein______wherethedisputearises.A.thecountryoftheDefendantB.thecountryofthePlaintiffC.ChinaD.USA19.TheBuyershallpaytheSellerbyT/Twithin3daysafterthe______oftheProformaInvoice.A.receiveB.receiptC.receivingD.reception20.Thiscontractissignedbytheauthorizedrepresentativesofbothpartieson______.A.June15,2025B.15thJune,2025C.June15th,2025D.15June,2025PartII:MultipleChoiceQuestionsDirections:Inthispart,thereare10questions.EachquestionhasfourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Morethanonechoicemaybecorrect.Selectallthatapply.21.Whichofthefollowingarecommonlyusedtradetermsininternationaltrade?A.FOBB.CIFC.EXWD.DDP22.UnderaCIFcontract,theSellerisresponsiblefor:A.Payingforthegoodstotheportofshipment.B.Payingfreightandinsurancetothenamedportofdestination.C.Clearingcustomsattheportofdestination.D.Unloadingthegoodsattheportofdestination.23.AvalidLetterofCreditmustcontain:A.Expirydate.B.Amount.C.Nameoftheissuingbank.D.Signatureofthebeneficiary.24.ForceMajeureeventsusuallyinclude:A.War.B.Earthquake.C.Strike.E.Marketfluctuation.25.Themaintypesofmarinecargoinsuranceare:A.FPA(FreefromParticularAverage).B.WPA(WithParticularAverage).C.AllRisks.D.WarRisk.26.Ifthegoodsarefoundtobeshort-weighted,theBuyercan:A.Rejectthegoods.B.Lodgeaclaimforcompensation.C.Askforapricereduction.D.Cancelthecontractimmediatelywithoutnotice.27.Shippingdocumentstypicallyinclude:A.CommercialInvoice.B.BillofLading.C.InsurancePolicy.D.CertificateofOrigin.28.Themethodsofpaymentininternationaltradeinclude:A.Remittance(T/T,M/T,D/D).B.Collection(D/P,D/A).C.LetterofCredit(L/C).D.OpenAccount.29.Intheeventofadispute,thepartiesmaychoosetoresolveitthrough:A.Litigation.B.Arbitration.C.Consultation.D.ForceMajeure.30.Whichofthefollowingclausesareessentialinasalescontract?A.NameofCommodity.B.Quantity.C.Price.D.TimeofShipment.PartIII:ClozeTest(ContractCompletion)Directions:Fillintheblankswiththeappropriatewordsorphrasesfromthelistbelow.Eachwordorphrasemaybeusedonlyonce.[List:infavorof,stipulates,irrespectiveof,liability,valid,negotiation,presentation,conformto,destination,arisingfrom]CONTRACTNO.:2025SC001ThisSalesContractismadebyandbetweentheSellersandtheBuyerswherebytheSellersagreetosellandtheBuyersagreetobuytheunder-mentionedgoodsaccordingtothetermsandconditions(31)______below:...Article5:TheLetterofCreditshallbe(32)______against(33)______ofthedocumentsstipulatedinClause4.Article6:TheSellersshallnotberesponsibleforanydamagetothegoods(34)______thecauseororiginthereof.Article7:TheBuyersshallassurethatthegoods(35)______thequalityspecificationsspecifiedinAnnexA.Article8:Anydispute(36)______theexecutionofthecontractshallbesettledthroughfriendlyconsultation.Article9:TheL/Cistobeopened(37)______theSellers.Article10:Theinsurancecoversthegoodsuptotheportof(38)______.Article11:TheSellersshallnotbeheld(39)______forlatedeliveryduetonaturaldisasters.Article12:Thecertificateoforiginis(40)______for3daysafterissuance.PartIV:TerminologyTranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese.41.IrrevocableLetterofCredit42.BillofLading(B/L)43.CleanonBoard44.ForceMajeure45.LetterofGuarantee46.FreightPrepaid47.ShippingAdvice48.TradeTerms49.InspectionCertificate50.ClaimSettlementDirections:TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish.51.不可抗力52.装运港53.目的港54.信用证有效期55.发票金额56.提单57.检验证书58.离岸价格59.仲裁60.根本违约PartV:SentenceTranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.61.TheSellersshallnotbeliableforanyconsequencesarisingfromthedelayinshipmentornon-deliveryofthegoodsduetoForceMajeure.62.Paymentshallbemadebyconfirmed,irrevocableLetterofCreditpayableatsightagainstpresentationofshippingdocuments.63.Incasethequalityandquantityofthegoodsarefoundnotinconformitywiththecontract,theBuyershallhavetherighttolodgeaclaimagainsttheSeller.64.TheBuyershallopentheLetterofCreditthroughtheBankofChina,ShanghaiBranch,15daysbeforethedateofshipment.65.TheinsuranceshallbeeffectedbytheSellerfor110%oftheinvoicevalueagainstAllRisksandWarRisk.66.AnydisputearisingfromorinconnectionwiththiscontractshallbesubmittedtoChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeArbitrationCommissionforarbitration.67.Thegoodsarepackedinstandardexportwoodencases,whicharesuitableforlong-distanceoceantransportation.68.TheBuyershallhavetherighttoinspectthegoodsbeforeshipmentatthefactory.69.Thepricequotedinthiscontractissubjecttochangewithoutpriornotice.70.Thecontractismadeoutinduplicate,eachpartyholdingonecopy.Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.71.本合同项下的货物应严格按照合同规定的质量标准进行生产和检验。72.如果买方未能按时开立信用证，卖方有权解除合同并索赔损失。73.货物一旦装运，卖方应立即电告买方装运详情。74.在信用证有效期内，卖方有权在任何银行议付。75.除非另有规定，所有保险均由卖方根据中国保险条款（CIC）办理。76.买方应在收到卖方装运通知后，及时办理投保手续。77.对于货物在运输途中发生的任何损坏，卖方概不负责。78.双方同意将所有争议提交被告所在国法院解决。79.本合同自双方签字之日起生效。80.装运唛头由卖方决定，但须在合同中注明。PartVI:ReadingComprehension(ContractClauses)Directions:Readthefollowingcontractclausesandanswerthequestions.ClauseA:"TheBuyershallestablishtheLetterofCreditbefore15thMay,2025.FailuretoestablishtheL/Contimeshallbeconsideredabreachofcontract,andtheSellerreservestherighttocancelthecontractandclaimfordamages."ClauseB:"ThegoodsshallbeinspectedbytheSGSattheportofloading.TheInspectionCertificateissuedbySGSshallbetakenasfinalevidenceofqualityandquantity."ClauseC:"Shouldthedisputenotbesettledthroughfriendlyconsultationwithin30days,itshallbereferredtoarbitration.Thearbitrationawardshallbefinalandbindingonbothparties."Questions:81.AccordingtoClauseA,whatisthedeadlineforestablishingtheL/C?A.15thMay,2025B.Before15thMay,2025C.After15thMay,2025D.14thMay,202582.WhatistheconsequenceiftheBuyerfailstoestablishtheL/ContimeaccordingtoClauseA?A.TheSellermustwait.B.TheSellercancancelthecontractandclaimdamages.C.TheBuyermustpaybyT/T.D.Thecontractisautomaticallyextended.83.AccordingtoClauseB,whoinspectsthegoods?A.TheBuyerB.TheSellerC.SGSD.TheManufacturer84.WhatisthevalidityoftheInspectionCertificateinClauseB?A.Itisareferenceonly.B.Itisfinalevidence.C.ItneedstobeconfirmedbytheBuyer.D.Itisvalidfor6months.85.AccordingtoClauseC,whathappensifconsultationfailswithin30days?A.Thedisputegoestocourt.B.Thedisputeisreferredtoarbitration.C.Thedisputeisignored.D.TheSellercancancelthecontract.86.Isthearbitrationawardbinding?A.No,itcanbeappealed.B.Yes,itisfinalandbinding.C.Itdependsontheparties.D.OnlybindingontheSeller.87.Thephrase"reservestheright"inClauseAmeans:A.ForfeitstherightB.KeepstherightforfutureuseC.GivestherighttotheBuyerD.Ignorestheright88.InClauseB,"portofloading"refersto:A.Wherethegoodsarrive.B.Wherethegoodsdepart.C.TheBuyer'swarehouse.D.Theportofdestination.89.Theword"thereof"inacontractusuallymeans:A.Ofthatthingpreviouslymentioned.B.Ofthefirstparty.C.Ofthecontractitself.D.Ofthefutureevent.90.Thephrase"finalandbinding"inClauseCimplies:A.Thedecisionistemporary.B.Thedecisioncannotbechanged.C.Thedecisionmustbefollowed.D.BothBandC.PartVII:CaseAnalysisDirections:Analyzethefollowingcasesandprovideyouranswers.Case1:CompanyA(China)sold1,000metrictonsofSoybeanstoCompanyB(Germany)onCIFHamburgbasis.ThecontractstipulatedthatshipmentshouldbeeffectedinMay2025.However,duetoatyphoonattheportofloadingonMay20th,thevesselcouldnotbeberthedandthegoodswereactuallyloadedonJune2nd.TheSellercabledtheBuyeronJune3rdinformingthedelay.TheBuyerrejectedthegoodsandclaimedfordamagesbecausetheshipmentwaslate.91.DidtheSellerbreachthecontractregardingthetimeofshipment?92.IstheBuyerentitledtorejectthegoodsandclaimdamages?Whyorwhynot?93.UnderCIFterms,whendoestherisktransferfromSellertoBuyer?Case2:ASalesContractstipulatedpaymentbyconfirmed,irrevocableLetterofCreditpayableatsight.TheBuyeropenedtheL/Contime.However,theL/Ccontainedaclausestating"Partialshipmentprohibited."TheSellershipped50%ofthegoodsonthefirstvesselandtheremaining50%onthesecondvessel5dayslatertomeetthedeliverydeadline.WhentheSellerpresentedthedocuments,theBankrefusedpaymentduetopartialshipment.94.WastheBank'srefusaltopayjustified?95.Whatis"PartialShipment"?96.IftheSellerwantedtoshipintwolots,whatshouldtheyhavedoneregardingtheL/C?Case3:ContractNo.23-001involvedthesaleof500setsofLaptops.ThecontractstipulatedthattheBuyershouldinspectthegoodswithin10daysafterarrival.Uponarrival,theBuyerfoundthat10setsweredamagedduetoroughhandlingduringtransit.TheBuyerlodgedaclaimagainsttheSeller45daysafterarrival.97.Isthetimelimitforlodgingaclaimvalidinthiscase?98.Whoisliableforthedamagecausedbyroughhandlingduringtransit?99.WhatdocumentsshouldtheBuyerprovidetosupporttheclaim?100.Ifthedamagewascoveredbyinsurance,whomshouldtheBuyerclaimagainst?ReferenceAnswersandExplanationsPartI:VocabularyandStructure(SingleChoice)1.DExplanation:"ForceMajeure"isanuncountablenouninthiscontext,oractsasapropernounphrase,sonoarticleisused.2.AExplanation:"atsight"isthestandardcommercialtermmeaningpaymentistobemadeimmediatelyuponpresentationofdocuments.3.AExplanation:"subjectto"meansconditionalupon."Subjectedto"isgrammaticallyincorrectasapassiveparticiplehere.4.BExplanation:"lodgeaclaimagainst"isthestandardcollocationintradedisputes.5.AExplanation:"dateofshipment"referstothedatethegoodsareshipped.6.AExplanation:"portofdestination"iswherethegoodsarrive.7.AExplanation:"subjecttoadjustment"meansliabletochange.8.AExplanation:"infavorof"meansforthebenefitof(theSeller).9.BExplanation:"suitablefor"isthecorrectpreposition.10.AExplanation:"workmanship"referstotheskillinvolvedinmakingthegoods.11.AExplanation:"Accordingto"isaprepositionalphrasemeaninginaccordancewith.12.AExplanation:Usually,contractsspecifyaprevailinglanguage.Here,basedoncommonpracticeinChina-basedcontracts,Englishoftenprevailsininternationaldisputes,orviceversa.Inthisspecificquestioncontext,itteststheconceptofaprevailingclause.(Note:Inreality,itdependsonthespecificcontracttext,butforthesakeofthequestion,assumingEnglishprevailsasperthe"authentic"clause).13.CExplanation:"borne"isthepastparticipleof"bear",usedinpassivevoice"beborneby".14.AExplanation:"cancel"isthebaseverbusedafter"shallhavetherightto".15.AExplanation:"againstAllRisks"isthestandardprepositionforinsurancecoverage.16.AExplanation:"inthreeequallots"isthestandardphrase.17.BExplanation:ForceMajeurecertificatesaretypicallyissuedbyagovernmentauthorityorChamberofCommerce.18.AExplanation:ItiscommonpracticetoarbitrateintheDefendant'scountry.19.BExplanation:"receipt"isthenoun.20.DExplanation:Standarddateformatincontracts.PartII:MultipleChoiceQuestions21.A,B,C,DExplanation:AllarevalidIncoterms.22.A,BExplanation:UnderCIF,Sellerpaysfreightandinsurancetodestination,butnotunloadingorimportcustoms.23.A,B,CExplanation:AnL/Cmusthaveexpiry,amount,andissuingbank.Itdoesnotstrictlyrequirethebeneficiary'ssignaturetobevalid,butthebeneficiarymustbenamed.24.A,B,CExplanation:MarketfluctuationisnotForceMajeure;itisacommercialrisk.25.A,B,C,DExplanation:Allaretypesofinsurance.26.B,CExplanation:Buyercanclaimcompensationoraskforpricereduction.Rejectiondependsonseverity(breachofconditionvswarranty).27.A,B,C,DExplanation:Allarestandardshippingdocuments.28.A,B,C,DExplanation:Allarepaymentmethods.29.A,B,CExplanation:Disputescanbesettledbylitigation,arbitration,orconsultation.ForceMajeureisanevent,notasettlementmethod.30.A,B,C,DExplanation:Allareessential.PartIII:ClozeTest31.stipulates32.valid33.presentation34.irrespectiveof35.conformto36.arisingfrom37.infavorof38.destination39.liability40.validPartIV:TerminologyTranslation41.不可撤销信用证42.提单43.清洁已装船44.不可抗力45.保证书46.运费预付47.装运通知48.贸易术语49.检验证书50.理赔51.ForceMajeure52.PortofShipment53.PortofDestination54.ValidityofL/C55.InvoiceValue56.BillofLading57.InspectionCertificate58.FOB(FreeonBoard)59.Arbitration60.FundamentalBreachPartV:SentenceTranslation61.卖方对因不可抗力造成的货物装运延迟或未交货所产生的一切后果概不负责。62.付款方式为凭保兑的、不可撤销的即期信用证付款，凭装运单据议付。63.如果发现货物的质量和数量与合同不符，买方有权向卖方提出索赔。64.买方应在装运日前15天通过中国银行上海分行开立信用证。65.卖方应按发票金额110%投保一切险和战争险。66.凡因本合同引起的或与本合同有关的任何争议，均应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会仲裁。67.货物用标准出口木箱包装，适合长途海洋运输。68.买方有权在装运前在工厂检验货物。69.本合同报价如有变动，不另行通知。70.本合同一式两份，双方各执一份。71.Thegoodsunderthiscontractshallbeproducedandinspectedstrictlyinaccordancewiththequalitystandardsstipulatedinthecontract.72.IftheBuyerfailstoopentheLetterofCreditontime,theSellerhastherighttorescindthecontractandclaimfordamages.73.Oncethegoodsareshipped,theSellershallimmediatelycabletheBuyerthedetailsofshipment.74.TheSellerhastherighttonegotiateatanybankwithinthevalidityoftheLetterofCredit.75.Unlessotherwisestipulated,allinsuranceshallbeeffectedbytheSelleraccordingtoChinaInsuranceClauses(CIC).76.TheBuyershalleffectinsuranceintimeuponreceiptoftheSeller'sshippingadvice.77.TheSellershallnotberesponsibleforanydamagetothegoodsoccurringduringtransit.78.BothpartiesagreetosubmitalldisputestothecourtsofthecountrywheretheDefendantislocated.79.Thiscontractbecomeseffectivefromthedateofsignaturebybothparties.80.ShippingmarksaretobedeterminedbytheSellerbutmustbespecifiedinthecontract.PartVI:ReadingComprehension81.BExplanation:"before15thMay".82.BExplanation:Theclauseexplicitlystatestherighttocancelandclaimdamages.83.CExplanation:"inspectedbytheSGS".84.BExplanation:"takenasfinalevidence".85.BExplanation:"referredtoarbitration".86.BExplanation:"finalandbinding".87.BExplanation:Keepstheright.88.BExplanation:Wheregoodsdepart.89.AExplanation:Ofthatthingpreviouslymentioned.90.DExplanation:Finalmeanscannotbechanged;bindingmeansmustbefollowed.PartVII:CaseAnalysis91.No,theSellerdidnotbreachthecontractifthecontractallowedfor"Typhoon"asaForceMajeureevent.Evenifnotstrictlydefined,ifthetyphoonpreventedthevesselfromberthing,itisoftenanexcusabledelay.However,ifthedelaywassimplyduetotheSeller'sfailuretobookspace,itwouldbeabreach.AssumingstandardForceMajeureclausescovertyphosnspreventingberthing,itisnotabreach.92.No.UnderCIF,theSellerisresponsibleforthecontractofcarriageandinsurance.However,ifthedelaywascausedbyForceMajeure(typhoon),theSellerisexemptfromliabilityforlatedelivery.TheBuyercannotrejectthegoodsorclaimdamagesfordelayifitisaForceMajeureevent.93.Risktransferswhenthegoodsareonboardthevesselattheportofshipment.SincethegoodswereloadedonJune2nd,risktransferredonthatdate.94.Yes,theBank'srefusalwasjustified.TheL/Cisanindependentinstrument.IftheL/Csays"Partialshipmentprohibited"andtheSellermakesapartialshipment,itisadiscrepancy.Thedocumentsarenotclean.95."PartialShipment"meansshippingthegoodsunderonecontractinmorethanonelotorbymorethanonevessel.96.TheSellershouldhaveaskedtheBuyertoamendtheL/Ctoallow"Partialshipmentpermitted"beforeshipment.97.No.Thecontractstipulateda10-daylimitforinspectionandclaim.TheBuyerlodgedtheclaim45daysafterarrival,whichisoutsidethestipulatedtimelimit.Therefore,the