高中英语选择性必修一Unit4 复习要点

选择性必修一Unit4Bodylanguage复习要点

一、主题语境：

人与社会人际沟通

二、重点词汇：

l.varyvi.(根据情况)变化;改变varyfrom...to...由..到....不等

varywith随...变化varyin在....方面变化variousadj.不同的;各种各样的

2.appropriateadj.合适的;恰当的beappropriateto/for适用于;合乎

beappropriatetodosth做某事是合适的appropriatelyadv.适当地;合适地

3.approvevi.赞成;同意vt.批准;通过

approveof(sb/one*s)doingsth赞同/同意(某人)做某事approvaln.赞成;同意;批准;通过

getone'sapproval得到某人的同意

4.witnessvt.当场看至ij;目击见证n.目击者;证人witnesssth/that…目击..

witnessto(doing)sth证实/证明(做)某事awitnessof/tosth........的目击者/见证人/证明/证

据

5.employvt.使用;应用;雇用

employsbas...雇用某人任...(职位)employsbtodosth雇用某人做某事

employoneselfin(doing)stn=beemployedin(doing)sthT亡于做某事

employern.雇主employeen.雇员;雇工;受雇者employmentn.雇用;使用;工作;职业

6.differvi.相异;不同于

differfrom不同于...;和....不同differin........方面不同

differwithsbon/about/oversth在某事上和某人有分歧/异议

makeadifferenceto...对...有影响/起作用

7.favourvt.较喜欢;选择;有利于n.帮助;恩惠;赞同

favourdoingsth喜欢做某亦asksbafavour请某人帮忙

dosbafavour=doafavourforsb帮某人忙infavourof同意;支持;赞成

inone*sfavour有利于某人;对....有利

8.breakdown消除;分解;打破

9.assessmentn.评价;评定assessvt.评估;评价beassessedas被评估为

lO.straightenup直起来;整理;收拾整齐

11.bendvt.&vi.（使）弯曲;倾斜;偏向

12.revealvt.揭示;显示;露出revealthat...揭示..;透露....

revealoneselfas/tobe显示自己是revealingadj.发人深省的

13.clarifyvt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清

14.inotherwords换句话说;也就是说wordcomes/camethat...有消息传来说..inaword

总之;简言之

keepone'sword遵守诺言breakone'sword失信;不守诺言

haveawordwith…与....谈一谈havewordswith…与....争吵

15.occupyvt.占据；占用occupyoneselfwith/indoingsth忙于..;专心于....

occupiedadj.忙于...的;使用中的beoccupied（in）doingsth忙于做某事

beoccupiedwithsth从事/忙于某事occupationn.占领;职业;工作

16.distinguishvt.&vi.区分;辨别

distinguishbetweenAandB区分A和Bdistinguish...from...ffi.......与....区分开来

distinguishoneselfas作为....而出名distinguishedadj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的

bedistinguishedfor...因....而出名bedistinguishedas…作为....而出名

17.callon（短暂地）访问;要求（某人讲话等）;正式邀请calloff取消;停止

callfor要求;呼吁;需要;去接（某人）callat拜访（某地）callup给....打电话;使想起

18.bothervt.&vi.费心;麻烦;因..操心n.麻烦;不便

bothertodo/doingsth操心/费心做某事bothersbwithsth用某事打扰某人bothersbtodo

sth麻烦某人做某事

19.adjustvt.调整;调节vi.&vt.适应乂使）习惯

adjust...to(doing)sth调整...以适应(做)某事adjustoneselfto使自己适应于....

adjustmentn.调整;调节;适应makeanadjustmentto对...做出调整

三、重点句型：

1.Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalso

giveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.

2.Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.

3.Whatdidthepoliceleadertellhisteambyusinggestures?

4,Whileitiseasytoperceivewhenstudentsareinterested,boredzordistractedjtissome:imes

muchhardertodistinguishwhenstudentsaretroubled.

四、重点语法：

动词-ing形式作宾语和表语

1.1appreciateyourhelpingmeoutofthetrouble.

2.Mybrotherinsistedonaccompanyingmetoschool.

3.Herememberedbeingintroducedtothegirlataparty.

UNIT4单元提能强化练

I.阅读理解

A

Gellingcumpulcisluuiidcislandliumaiibodylanguageisnosimple(ask.Let5bbicakduwn

thestepstogetagoodunderstandingofwhatyourbodylanguageissaying.

First,thecomputerneedstosee.So,itneedsacamera.Butacomputerdoesn'tseelikewe

do,anditonlygetsastreamofdatafromthecamera.So,softwarefirsthastorecognisetheshapeof

ahumanbodyandthenmapoutthekeypointsofourbody.Soincpoorsoulshavetoteacha

computerwhatallofourdifferentbodypartslooklikeinlotsofdifferentlightingconditionsand

lotsofdifferentbodytypes.

Butunderstandingthatanimagecontainsanelbow,aknee,orafacedoesn'tdomuch

good.So,nowthecomputerispayingcloseattentiontoourfocesandourhands.Classifying

emotionsasbodylanguageandfacialexpressionsisliterallyinourgenes,soitcomesprettyeasily.

Butcomputersneedtoseeatonofexamplesofanygivenkindofbodylanguage,thentobe

toldwhatthatbodylanguageisormeans,andthentheycan,overtime,andwithmoreandmore

examples,identifythatsameorsimilarstancewiththatemotion.

IfItmaself-drivingcarapproachingacrosswalkandIseeanupheldhandinfrontofmeJ

caninferthehumanwantsmetostopastheyintendtocrossthestreet.IfIinsteadsecthatsame

humanusingthe“movealong''gesturedhat*sastrongindicationthatthepersonwouldpreferme

tocontinueonmyjourneyinsteadofwaiting.Acarhasjustreadyourbodylanguage.

l.Whatisthemostimportantforcomputerstounderstandhumanbodylanguage?

A.Acamera.B.Astreamofdata.

C.Software.D.Alightingcondition.

2.Whyareemotionsdividedintobodylanguageandfacialexpressions?

A.Toencouragepeopletoknowaboutgenes.

B.Tomakecomputerswatchemotionsclosely.

C.Tosavethetimeofanalysingatonofdata.

D.lbgetcomputerstorecognisethemeasily.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stance"inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Attitude.B.Meaning.

C.Behaviour.D.Expression.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthe(ext?

A.HowComputersReadBodyLanguage

B.WhenSelf-drivingCarsWillBeBorn

C.WhyEmotionsAreofImportance

D.WhattheUnknownFutureHolds

B

SilboGomeroisanancientlanguageofwhistlethatenabledpeopletocommunicateacross

longdistancesbeforetheinventionofthetelephoneortheconiputer.lt'snowbeingrevivedon

mountainousCanaryIslandsandtheislandofLaGomcra,whcrctheusuallanguageisSpanish.

TheCanaryIslandsgevernmentisprovidingfundingtohelpschoolchildrenonLaGcmera

tolearnthisancientwhistlinglanguageaspartoftheirheritage.Itsoundslikebirdsongandwas

developedthousandsofyearsagobyislanderstoenablethemtocommunicateuptotwomiles

acrossLaGomcra*svalleys.

Inthepast,SilboGomerohasbeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration,butthe

islandersfeltembarrassedatthisformofcommunicationwhentheycameintocontactwiththe

outsideworldandmoderntechnology.ltstartedtodieoutwhenthetelephonearrivedandthe

islandwasopentotourisni.However,thegovernmentrealisedwhatwashappeninganddecidedto

makesurethatitwouldnotbelost.So,since1999SilboGomerohasbeenpartoftheschool

curriculumandnowabout3,000Gomerochildrenspendatleast25minutesaweeklemiing

it.Thisisenoughtimeforthebasicstobelearned.

ProbablyoriginatingintheAtlasMountainsofNorthAfrica,thelanguagewasbroughttothe

islandbysettlers2,500yearsago.ItwasadaptedtoSpanishspeechpatterns,butusestonesrather

thanvowelsandconsonants（辅音）.Thesearewhistledatdifferentfrequencies（频率）toproduce

over4,000words.makingproperconversationspossible.

Theimportanceofthelanguageisgrowing.In2003:heislandheldthefirstInternational

CongressofWhistledLanguages.Researchisnowbeingcarriedoutinallplacestowhich

Gomeranshavetraditionallyemigrated（移居国夕卜）andwhereformsofthelanguagesurvive.The

Canaiygovernment,sHistoricalHeritageDepartmenthopestoattractoutsidesupportsothatit

willcontinue.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthereasonforthedisappearingofSilbo

Gomero?

A.Thelimitedvocabulary.

B.TheaiTivalofmodemtechnology.

C.Gonicrans'traditionalemigration.

D.Itscomplexspeechpatterns.

6.WhaldoweknowaboutSilboGomero?

A.ItoriginatedintheislandofLaGomero.

B.ItwasadaptedtoEnglishspeechpattern.

C.Itwasdevelopedforlong-distancecommunication.

D.Ithasmorethan4,000wordsmadeupofvowelsandconsonants.

7.InordertosaveSilboGoinero,.

A.thelocalgovernmentprovidesfinancialhelp

B.studentsspend25minutesdailylearningit

C.theislandersbegintodoresearchwhereitoriginated

D.theislandersfrequentlyuseittocommunicatewiththeoutsideworld

8.Whatis（hepurposeofthetext?

A.Tocallonpeople（oprotectculturalheritage.

B.ToadvertiseforLaGomera.

C.TopromotetheuseofSilboGomero.

D.TointroducethedyinglanguageSilhoGomero.

n.七选五

Howto"Speed-read“BodyLanguage

Duetothepandemic,socialdistancinghasdramaticallychangedthewayweinteractwith

eachother,especiallywhenitcomestonon-verbalcommunication.

Wearingafacemaskhasquicklybecomethenorm—andthatwilllikelyremainforthe

foreseeablefuture.1Howcanwebetterreadbodylanguage,nowthatwe'rewearing

masks?Partoftheanswerliesinthequestionitself.Toooften,vveputallourfocusonpeople's

faces,whenweshouldalsobeobservingthemovementsoftheirentireupperbodies.Thisis

especiallyimportanttoday,sincewedoalotofsocialinteractingthroughvideoplatforms,where

weseeeachothermostlyfromthewaistup.2Herearesometipsonhowtospeed-readit.

Touchingtheneck

Ifpeoplearetouchingtheir“neckdimple"(thevisibleindentationatthemiddle-frontoftheir

neck),itcouldmeanthey,rcdistressedorinsecure.3

Rubbingthechest

4Ifsomeoneisrubbingtheupperpartoftheirchestwithapalmofahand(orevenjust

(hefingers),iccanindicatediscomfortorconcern.Irecentlyfoundmyselfdoingthiswhen

discussingafamily-member'shealth.

Tiltedhead

Headmovementscangoalongwaytowardsshowingwhetherornotsomeoneisfully

engaged,especiallyduringvideoconferencecalls.Aslightlytiltedheaddisplaysawarenessand

attentiveness.5

Squintedeyes

Wcoftensquintoureyeswhenwe'retryingtofocusourvisiononsomethingthat*sfar

away.Butsquintedeyesandafurrowedt4glabella,'(thepartoftheforeheadaboveandbetweenthe

eyebrows)canalsobeasignofdisagreementorconfusion.

A.Thisisanothersignofstressandanxiety.

B.Ifyounoticesomeonedoingthis,trytocomfortthemoreasetheiranxiety.

C.Wearingamaskisanormalpartofbeingaroundotherpeople.

D.Thcyshouldn'tshowfacialexpressionsorusebodylanguageinpublic.

E.Bodylanguageisanoutwardreflectionofaperson,semotionalcondition.

F.And,whencombinedwithafewnods,itcanshowapprovalofwhat'sbeingsaidorheard.

G.Butwithnearlyhalfofthefacehidden,itcanbedifficulttotellwhatapersonisthinkingand

feeling.

HI.完形填空

Thebestexampleofuniversallyunderstoodbodylanguagemaybethesmile.Asmilecan

opendoorsandteardownwallsamong1.

Ihadorganizedandreorganizedan2withthedentistformonths.Ialsoconfirmedit

twiceandcalledthedaybeforeto3allthepaperworkwouldbereadyfortheX-rays.

ThenIarrived.ilwasn'(4alalLTheladythereevenhadnoideawhatIwastalking

about.I5feltmybloodboil.Iwasgettingsomad.Ididn'tyellatherbutImayaswellhave

becausethe6Iwastalkingtoherwasnotnice.Ispokedowntoherlikeshewasachildand

incapable.ltwasnotagoodmomcnt.Thewholetimeshesmiledandwas7tome.

Onlywheneverythingwasfinally8wasInice.

Isaldownin(hewaitingareaand9itall.HowcouldImakeitbetter?HowcouldI

makeupformy10behaviouramomentago?Icouldn't.IcouldgiftherachocolatebarI

hadonme,but(hisneededmorethanthat.Itneededanhonest11.AndthatwasexactlywhatI

gave.

IapologizedforthewayIhadspokentoherandtoldheritwaswrongofme.She

accepted.Againwitha12.lthelpsmebethatwomanwhosmilesandforgivesso13.1

don'tgetitrighteverytime.IcanberudeandwhenIam,Ialmost14myselfforit.Iamnot

thatperson,notanymore.YetIcontinuetogrowandcontinuetol5.lt'struethatsmile

vanishedmyangerandopenedadoortounderstanding.

1.A.friendsB.strangers

C.paiicnisD.rclaiivcs

2.A.interviewB.operation

C.cxpcrinicntD.appointmcnt

3.A.conciudeB.approve

C.ensureD.apply

4.A.crowdedB.ready

C.openD.busy

5.A.mildlyB.roughly

C.privatelyD.immediately

6.A.habitB.wayC.accentD.tune

7.A.rudeB.attached

C.friendlyD.devoted

8.A.figuredB.added

C.madeD.sorted

9.A.reflectedonB.workedat

C.callcdatD.wentthrough

10.A.unnecessaryB.impolite

C.impossibleD.unfair

ll.A.commentB.promise

C.apologyD.suggestion

12.A.smileB.hope

C.doubtD.belief

13.A.slowlyB.easily

C.frequentlyD.tighlly

14.A.teachB.forgiveC.hateD.see

15.A.expandB.react

C.overcomeD.leam

IV.语法填空

Eventhoughthewors:ofthepandemicseemstobebehindus,videoconferencingappswill

probablyremaininourlives!Infortunately,communicatingthiswaytendstoleavepeopleI.

(feel)wornout,and2StanfordUniversitypaperhasexplainedexactlysomeofthe

surprisingreasons.

Forone,videoconferencingshowstheclose-up3.(view)ofpeople1s

faces—peoplewhoallappeartobemakingprolonged(延长的)directeyecontactwithyou

becausethey4.(look)attheirscreens.Duringface-to-faceinteractions,thiskindof

bodylanguage5.(mean)foreithercloserelationshipsorconflicts.6.you

knowit*sjustabusinessmeetingorafriendlychat,anotherpartofyoumaystillunconsciously

findthosenonverbalsignalsnervous.7.(reduce)thissourceofpressure,switchto

audio-onlymodeor8.(simple)shrinkthewindowsopeopleJsheadsdon'tappear

solargeandclose.

Mostvideoconferencingsoftwarealsoshowsyouyourownvideoimage.Seeingyourimage

makesithardtoresistevaluatingyourself,9.isstressfulandoftenlowersyour

mood.Thesolution10.thisoneissinipic:Hidctheself-viewwindowandfocus

insteadonothersinthemeetingandthetopicofdiscussion.

参考答案

UNIT4

单元提能强化练

【.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了计算机理解人类肢体语言的详细步

骤。

1.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So,softwarefirsthastorecognisetheshapeofahuman

bodyandthenmapoutthekeypointsofourbody.“可知，要让计笄机理解人类的肢体涪言,

最重要的是软件。故选C项。

2.D推理判断题。根据第三段“Butunderstandingthatanimageespretty

easily."以及第四段“Butcomputersneedtoseeaton...sameorsimilarstancewith（hat

emotion”可知，因为肘部、膝盖或一张脸的图像对计算机理解人类肢体语言并没有多大好

处,所以计算机关注可以传达情绪的脸（面部表情）和手（肢体语言）。因此，把情绪被分为肢

体语言和面部表情是为了让计算机识别它们背后的意义。故选D项。

3.B词义猜测题。根据西线词所在的上下文“Butcomputers...sameorsimilarstancewith

thatemo【ion.”可知，计算机识别的是特定肢体语言背后的意义;通过越来越多肢体语言的

例子，计算机可以识别出那种肢体语言情绪状况下相同或相似的意思。故画线词意思是

“意义故选B项。

4.A主旨大意题。根据第一段"Gettingcomputerstounderstand...whatyourbodylanguage

issaying.”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要说明了计算机理解人类肢体语言的详细步骤。A

项“计算机是如何识别肢体语言的”最符合本文大意。改选A项。

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了LaGomera岛上的口哨语SilboGomerOo

5.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Itstartedtodieoutwhenthetelephonearrivedandthe

islandwasopentotourism.”可知，现代技术的到来是SilboGomero濒临消亡的原因。故选

B项。

6.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Itsoundslikebirdsongandwasdevelopedthousandsof

yearsagobyislanderstoenablethemtocommunicateuptotwomilesacrossLaGomerats

valleys.”可知,SilboGomero被发明出来是为了进行远距离交流。故选C项。

7.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheCanaryIslandsgovernmentisprovidingfundingto

helpschoolchildrenonLaGomeratolearnthisancientwhistlinglanguageaspartoftheir

heritage”可知，为了拯救SilboGomero,当地政府提供了财政援助。故选A项。

8.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的"SilboGomeroisanancientlanguageofwhistlethat

enabledpeopletocommunicateacrosslongdistancesbeforetheinventionofthetelephoneor

thecomputer.”以及文章内容可知，本文写作的目的是介绍LaGomera岛上濒临消亡的口

哨语SilboGomerOo故选D项。

II.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。在疫情期间,社交距离极大地改变了我们在非语言

交流方面的方式。对此文章给出了快速阅读肢体语言的建议。

1.G上文“Wearingafacemaskhasquicklybecomethenorm-andthatwilllikelyremain

fortheforeseeablefuture.''说明人们戴口罩时脸会被隐藏一半。下文“Howcanwebetter

readbodylanguage,nowthatwe*rewearingmasks?”说明，在脸被隐藏的情况下，我们仍旧

要辨别人们所想。G项“但是，由于隐藏了近一半的脸,因此很难分辨出一个人的想法和感

受”承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。

2.E才艮据上文“Toooften,weputallourfocusonpeople'sfaces,whenweshouldalsobe

observingthemovementsoftheirentireupperbodies.”可知，在观察不到脸的同时，我们应注

意观察人们的肢体语言,通过肢体语言来解读人们的心理。E项“肢体语言是一个人情绪

状况的外在反映”承接上文。故选E项。

3.B根据上文“Ifpeoplearetouchingtheir'neckdimple?(thevisibleindentationatthe

middle-frontoftheirneck),itcouldmeanthey*redistressedorinsecure.“可知，一个人在感

到焦虑或不安时会摸脖子的凹陷处。B项中的“this”指代触摸这个部位，而“尝试安慰他们

或缓解他们的焦虑''是对比提出的建议，符合语境。故选B项。

4.A4艮据下又“Ifsomeoneisrubbingtheupperpartoftheirchestwithapalmofahand(or

evenjustthefingers),itcanindicatediscomfortorconcern.”可知,本段落承接上段内容，介绍

的是压力和焦虑的另一个迹象以及相应的建议。故选A项。

5.F根据上文“Headmovementscan...displaysawarenessandatteniiveness.“可知,上文说

的是人们在专注时的头去动作。F项“当与一些点头组合时,它可以表示对所说或听到的

内容的赞同''符合语境。技选F项。

HL【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者某次去看牙医，去之前已经预约了，到了那里却

发现牙医什么都没准备。作者很生气,但牙医却一直对作者微笑，这让作者很内疚,也止作

者感受到了微笑的力量。

l.Bfriend朋友;stranger■陌生人;patient病人;relative亲戚。根据下文所提到的故事可

知，此处指微笑能打破陌生人之间的隔阂O

2.Dinterview采访;operation手术;experiment实验;appointment约定,约会。作者要去

看病，所以应该是同医生提前有预约。

3.Cconclude得出结论;approve赞同，支持;ensure确保;apply申请,应用。根据空前提到

的“confirmedittwice”可知，作者确认了两次，所以打电话目的是确保一切准备好。

4.Bcrowded拥挤的;ready准备好的;open开着的;busy忙碌的。根据后文，医生根本不

知道作者在说什么,所以应该是一切没准备好。

5.Dmildly温柔地;roughly粗鲁地;privately秘密地;immediately立即,马上。事情出乎

了作者的意料，因此应该是作者立即就生气了。

6.Bhabit习惯;way方式;accent口音;lune语调。作者在前文中说“没有冲医生吼叫”,

但是自己以确实生气了，由此可推测，作者说话的方式不好。

7.Crude粗鲁的;attached附加的;friendly友好的;devoted忠诚的。根据空前的“she

smiled”可知,医生的态度一直很好，所以是对作者很友好。故选C项。

8.Dfigure弄明白;add增加;make使，让;sort分类。根据上文提示，作者检查前，医生需

要准备好照X光的材料，所以这里指一切都被分类整理好。

9.Areflecton思考;workat从事;