2026年全国成考（专升本）之英语（专升本）考试快速提分题(附答案)

姓名:_________________编号:_________________地区:_________________省市:_________________ 密封线 姓名:_________________编号:_________________地区:_________________省市:_________________ 密封线 密封线 2026年成考（专升本）考试重点试题精编注意事项:1.全卷采用机器阅卷，请考生注意书写规范；考试时间为120分钟。2.在作答前，考生请将自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号涂写在试卷和答题卡规定位置。

3.部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题部分必须使用黑色签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。

4.请按照题号在答题卡上与题目对应的答题区域内规范作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效:在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。(参考答案和详细解析均在试卷末尾)一、选择题

1、Pleasetelephonemehalfanhour____.（）A.inchargeB.inadvanceC.intimeD.infront

2、I′drathermarryamanwhohada（n）__________ofhumourthanonewhowasveryattractive.A.capabilityB.sightC.knowledgeD.sense

3、Spaceisadangerousplace,notonlybecauseofmeteorsbutalsobecauseofraysfromthesun?andotherstars.Theatmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketonearth.Lightgetsthrough,and?thisisessentialforplantstomakethefoodwhichweeat.Heat,too,makesourenvironmentendurable.Variouskindsofrayscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunarescreenedoff.Assoonasmenleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiation.Buttheirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraft,iftheyareinside,dopreventalotofradiationdamage.Radiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspace.Theunitofradiationiscalled"rein".Scientistshavereasontothinkthatamancanputupwithfarmoreradiationthan0.1rem?withoutbeingdamaged;thefigureof60remshasbeenagreedon.Thetroubleisthatitisextremely?difficulttobesureaboutradiationdamage—apersonmayfeelperfectlywell,butthecellsofhisor?hersexorgansmaybedamaged,andthiswillnotbediscovereduntilthebirthofdeformed(畸形的)childrenorevengrandchildren.MissionsoftheApolloflightshavehadtocrossbeltsofhighradiation?and,duringtheoutwardandreturnjourneys,theApollocrewaccumulatedalargeamountofrems.So?far,nodangerousamountsofradiationhavebeenreported,buttheApollomissionshavebeenquite?short.Wesimplydonotknowyethowmenaregoingtogetonwhentheyspendweeksandmonths?outsidetheprotectionoftheatmosphere,workinginaspacelaboratory.Drugsmighthelptodecrease?thedamagedonebyradiation,butnoreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe__A.TheAtmosphereandOurEnvironmentB.ResearchonRadiationC.EffectsofSpaceRadiationD.ImportanceofProtectionAgainstRadiation

4、Sohard____hisstudythathefinallysucceeded．（）A.heworkedonB.heworksonC.didheworkonD.doesheworkon

5、Itseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitrains.Butactuallythe?umbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainstrain.Itsfirstusewasasashadeagainstthesun!Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.Probably?thefirsttouseitweretheChinese,asearlyastheeleventhcenturyB.C.WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasasunshade.Andthere?wasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse:itbecameasymbolofhonourandauthority.IntheFar?Eastinancienttimestheumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffice.InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasasunshade.Andtheumbrellawas?incommonuseinancientGreece.ButitisbelievedthatthefirstpersonsinEuropetousethe?umbrellaasprotectionagainsttherainweretheancientRomans.DuringtheMiddleAges,theuseoftheumbrellapracticallydisappeared.Thenitappeared?againinItalyinthelatesixteenthcentury.Andagainitwasconsideredasymbolofpowerandauthority.By1680,theumbrellaappearedinFrance,andlateroninEngland.Bytheeighteenthcentury,theumbrellawasusedagainstrainthroughoutmostofEurope.Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinweight.Itwasn′tuntilthetwentiethcenturythatwomen′sumbrellasbegantobemade,inawholevarietyofcolours.Thispassagetalksmainlyabout__A.howtheumbrellawasinventedB.whytheumbrellawassopopularinEuropeC.thedevelopmentoftheumbrellaD.whoneededumbrellafirst

6、Thepriceofbeer__________from50centsto4dollarsperliterduringthesummerseason.A.alteredB.rangedC.separatedD.differed

7、MaryAnning(1799-1874)wasaBritishfossilhunterwhobeganfinding21child,andsoonsupportedherselfandhervery22familybyfindingandsellingfossils.Very23isknownaboutherlife,butherfatherwasacabinetmakerandhealso24localfossils.Mary25onthesoutherncoastofEngland,inatowncalledLymeRegis.Itsfamous26bytheseacontain27fossillayersthat28fromtheTriassic,JurassicandCretaceousperiods(the29ofthedinosaurs,otherbizarrereptiles,largeinsects,seacreatures,30mammals,and31lifeforms).MaryAnning32andpreparedthefirstfossilizedplesiosaur(anocean-dwellingreptile)andthefirstIchthyosaurus(anocean-dwellingreptilethat33likeadolphin).Shefoundmanyotherimportantfossils,includingPterodactylus(aflyingreptile),sharks(andotherfish),andsoon.34withherbrotherJoseph,Marysuppliedpreparedfossilspecimens35museums,scientists,andprivatecollections.A.alotB.littleC.manyD.much

8、Isthisthe____thatyoudidn'tdoyourhomework?（）A.contentB.causeC.excuseD.reason

9、Enoughsleepisimportanttohealth.Theamountofsleep21dependsontheageofthepersonandtheconditionsinwhichsleep22.Theyoungmayneedmoresleepthantheold,but23eighthoursisenoughforthehealthofgrown-ups.Somecandowithlessthanthisamountbut24mayneedmore.Everypersonknowshisownneed.Itisthenamatterofhowto25it.Sleepshouldbealwaysenoughtomakeonerelaxed(松弛)andreadyfor26work.Freshairis27tosoundsleep(酣睡).Itisnot28reasonforsomepeopletoinsistthatitispracticaltosleepintheopenair.29apersoncankeephimselfwarm,outof-doorsleepingprobablygivesthebody30completerelaxtion.Abilitytosleepislargelyahabit.Theconditionsreferredtoonlyleadtosleep.Out-of-door31,agoodhabitofregulardrinkingandtheavoidanceoflateeatingand32areallhelpfultosoundsleep.Suchfactorsarelargelywithinthe33ofanyperson.Abathat34,neitherhotnorcoldbutofbodytemperature,maybehelpfultosleep.Sleepingpillsshouldneverbetakenexceptwhensuggestedby35.A.necessaryB.ableC.nogoodD.best

10、MaryAnning(1799-1874)wasaBritishfossilhunterwhobeganfinding21child,andsoonsupportedherselfandhervery22familybyfindingandsellingfossils.Very23isknownaboutherlife,butherfatherwasacabinetmakerandhealso24localfossils.Mary25onthesoutherncoastofEngland,inatowncalledLymeRegis.Itsfamous26bytheseacontain27fossillayersthat28fromtheTriassic,JurassicandCretaceousperiods(the29ofthedinosaurs,otherbizarrereptiles,largeinsects,seacreatures,30mammals,and31lifeforms).MaryAnning32andpreparedthefirstfossilizedplesiosaur(anocean-dwellingreptile)andthefirstIchthyosaurus(anocean-dwellingreptilethat33likeadolphin).Shefoundmanyotherimportantfossils,includingPterodactylus(aflyingreptile),sharks(andotherfish),andsoon.34withherbrotherJoseph,Marysuppliedpreparedfossilspecimens35museums,scientists,andprivatecollections.A.believableB.untrustingC.incredibleD.funny

11、Thepresident____Mr.Bakermedicaladviser.（）A.promisedB.praisedC.imaginedD.appointed

12、Themanshowedtheboy____heshouldplaythepiano.（）A.whatB.whenC.whichD.how

13、Almosteveryfamilybuysatleastonecopyofanewspapereveryclay.Somepeoplesubscribeto?asmanyastwoorthreedifferentnewspapers.Butwhydopeoplereadnewspapers?Fivehundredyearsago,newsofimportanthappenings--battleslostandwon,kingsorrulers?overthrownorkilled--tookmonthsandevenyearstotravelfromonecountrytoanother.Thenews?passedbywordofmouthandwasneveraccurate.Todaywecanreadinournewspapersofimportant?eventsthatoccurinfarawaycountriesonthesamedaytheyhappen.Apartfromsupplyingnewsfromallovertheworld,newspapersgiveusalotofotherusefulinformation.Thereareweatherreports,radio,televisionandfilmguides,,bookreviews,stories,and,of?course,advertisements.Thereareallsortsofadvertisements.Thebiggeronesareputinbylarge?companiestobringattentiontotheirproducts.Theypaythenewspapersthousandsofdollarsfortheir?advertisingspace,but′itisworththemoney,fornewsoftheirproductsgoesintoalmosteveryhome?inthecountry.Forthosewhoproducenewspapers,advertisementsarealsoimportant.Moneyearned?fromadvertisementsmakesitpossibleforthemtoselltheirnewspapersatalowpriceandstillmake?aprofit.Inthepast,newswasA.sentbytelegraphB.sentbyletterC.passedfromonepersontoanotherD.sentbytelephone

14、Ahorriblesituationwill____whentheenvironmentispollutedbadly.（）A.ariseB.riseC.raiseD.arouse

15、Don'tputoffuntiltomorrow____shouldbedonetoday.（）A.thatB.whatC.isD.when

16、___manis____reasoninganimal.（）A.The;aB./;/C./;aD.The;the

17、ThenumberofspeakersofEnglishinShakespeare'stimeisestimatedtohavebeenaboutfivemillion.Todayitisestimatedthatsome260millionpeoplespeakitasa(an)21language,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,22areagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguageaswellas23levelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.Infact,itis24toestimatethenumberofpeopleintheworldwhohaveacquiredanadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglishinadditiontotheirownlanguages.The25forEnglishlearningandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitis26toexplainandstillmoredifficulttojudge27formsanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.Themainreasonforthewidespread28forEnglishisitspresentdayimportanceasaworldlanguage.Besides29theindefiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofimportantworksinscience,technology,andother30arebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.Itiswidelyusedfor31purposesasmeteorological(气象的)andairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthe32ofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmany33.Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,speciallyformerBritishcolonies.Manyofthesecountrieshavemulti-lingual34andneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerce,industry,lawand35aswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforentrancetothescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentsintheWest.A.suchB.allC.manyD.those

18、选出发音与其他不同的一项A.flyB.sillyC.simplyD.city

19、Youreallyhavetogetveryoldbeforeyourealizeyou'reold.I'minmymiddlefiftiesandIdon'tfeel21yet.However,sometimesIlookbackatmychildhoodand_22thingstothewaylifeisfor23kids,somethingshavecertainlychanged.Oneareaofchangeis24.Somechangeshavebeenimprovements.Somechanges,ontheotherhand,havebeen25.WhenIstartedschool,mostpeopledidn'thaveatelevision;TVwasjustbeginningtoget26.Myfatherdecidedtogoalloutandbuya16-inchblackandwhiteMotorola27.IstillrememberwatchingtheLoneRangersavepeople,fromthe28guysonthatawesomeelectronicmachine.Thatwasexciting!Now,29havelargerpicturesinfullcolor.Thepicturesareclearerandthesoundismuchmore30.Thenewhighdefinitionsetsaremadetorival31screens.Thevarietyandquantityofprogramhas32greatly.Therearehundredsofchannelsandmoreshowsthanonepersoncouldeverwatch.Therearemanyfineentertainmentandeducational33.There'salsoalotofgarbage,stuffthatmost34don'twanttheirkidsexposedto.Overall,wehavemorechoices,andthatisgood.Iwonderwhat35willbelikewhentoday'skidsaremyage．A.classesB.showsC.lessonsD.prize

20、根据以下材料，回答52-55题SocratesisoftenreferredtoasoneofthefoundersofWesternphilosophy,andyethewrotenothing,establishednoschool,andheldnoparticulartheoriesofhisown.Whathediddo,however,wasfrequentlyaskthequestionsthatinterestedhim,andindoingsodevelopedanewwayofthinking.Thismethodproceeds(展开)asadialoguebetweenopposingviews,anditearnedhimmanyenemiesinAthens,wherehelived.Asayoungman,Socratesisbelievedtohavestudiednaturalphilosophy,lookingatthevariousexplanationsofthenatureoftheuniverse,butthenbecameinvolvedinthepoliticsofthecity-stateandconcernedwithmoredown-to-earthmoralissues,suchasthenatureofjustice.However,hewasnotinterestedinwinningarguments,orarguingforthesakeofmakingmoney.Norwasheseekinganswersorexplanations.Hewassimplyexaminingthebasisoftheconceptsweapplytoourselves(suchas"good","bad",and"just"),forhebelievedthatunderstandingwhatweareisthefirsttaskofphilosophy.Hewassentencedtodeathonchargesofcorruptingtheyoungwithbadideas.Buthealsohadmanyfollowers,andamongthemwasPlato,whorecordedSocrates'ideasinthewrittenworks,calleddialogues,inwhichSocratessetsaboutexaminingvariousideas.Socrates'centralconcern,then,wastheexaminationoflife,anditwashiscruelquestioningofpeople'smostvaluedbeliefs(largelyaboutthemselves)thatearnedhimhisenemies--butheremainedcommittedtohistaskuntiltheveryend.Accordingtotheaccountofhisdefenseathistrial,Socrateschosedeathratherthanfacealifeofignorance:"Thelifewhichisunexaminedisnotworthliving."WhatistrueaboutSocratesA.SocratessolvedtheproblemsofWesternphilosophyB.SocratestriedtofindanswerstohisquestionsC.SocratesforcedhisenemiestoaccepthisideasD.Socratescaredaboutthemeaningoflife

21、He________lateintothenight，butnowhegoestobedearlyduetohealthreasons.A.usedtoworkB.usedtoworkingC.isusedtoworkingD.isusedtowork

22、Therewasariverwithasmalltownoneithersideofit.Thetownswerelinkedbyabridge.Oneday,aholeappearedinthebridge.Bothtownsagreedthattheholeshouldbemended.However,disagreementcameupastowhoshouldmendit.Eachtownthoughtthatithadabetter?reasonfortheothertomendthehole.Thetownontherightbanksaidthatitwasattheendoftheroad,sotheleft-banktownshouldmendthehole.Thetownontheleftbank,ontheotherhand,insistedthat?allthetrafficcametotheright-banktown,soitwasintheirinteresttomendthebridge.Thequarrelwentonandon,andsodidthehole.Themoreitwenton,themorethehostility?betweenthetwotownsgrew.Onedayamanfellintotheholeandbrokehisleg.Peoplefrombothtownsquestionedhim?closelyaboutwhetherhewaswalkingfromtherightbanktotheleftorfromtheleftbanktothe?right,inordertodecidewhichtownshouldbeblamedfortheaccident.Buthecouldnotremember,sincehegotdrunkthatnight.Sometimelater.,acarwascrossingthebridgeandbrokeanaxle(轴)becauseofthehole.Neithertownpaidanyattentiontotheaccident,asthetravelerwasnotgoingfromonetotheother,but?wasmerelypassingthrough.Theangrytravelergotoutofthecarandaskedwhytheholewasnot?mended.Onhearingthereason,hedeclared,"I′11buythishole.Who′stheowner?"Bothtownsatoncedeclaredthattheyownedthehole."Oneortheother,whoeverownstheholemustproveit.""Howshallweproveit?"askedbothsides."That′ssimple.Onlytheowneroftheholehastherighttomendit.I′11buytheholefrom?whoevermendsthebridge."Peoplefrombothtownsrushedtodothejobwhilethetravelersmokedacigarandhisdriver?changedtheaxle.Theymendedthebridgeinnotimeandaskedforthemoneyforthehole."Whathole?"Thetravelerlookedsurprised."Ican′tseeanyhole.I′vebeenlookingfora?holeforseveralyearsnow.I′mpreparedtopayagoodpriceforit,butthere′snoholehere.Are?youpullingmylegorwhat?"Hegotintohiscaranddroveoff.Bothtownsrushedtomendtheholeinordertoprovethat__________.《》（）A.theyownedthewholebridgeB.theyhadtherighttoselltheholeC.theywereabletomendtheholeD.theycouldaffordtomendthehole

23、-Willyouwatchamoviewithmetonight?A.WithpleasureB.MypleasureC.It'smypleasureD.Apleasure

24、AstheBeatlesrepresentthemostimportantEnglishcontributiontorockinthe1960's,BobDylanisthemostimportantAmericancontributor.ItistrueinspiteofthefactthathehasneverreachedthetopsalelistoftherecordindustryinthewaytheBeatleshave.BobDylanemergedfromthepopularfolkmovementduring1962and1963.Hisfirsttworecords,“BobDylan”and“theFreewheelin'BobDylan”,appearedinthoseyearsandestablishedhisnationalreputation.Thisreputationgrewslowly,andwashelpedbyhisappearancearoundNewYorkCityandatcollegeconcerts.Asearlyas1962,Dylanbecameknownforthequalityandquantityofhissong-writing.AndDylan'smaterialhasreflectedasocialawarenessandhasalwaysinvolvedprotestagainstinjustice.Ithasarousedabroadtrendofsimilarsongsinthepresent-daymarket.Theseelements,incombinationwithDylan'sparticularsound,havemadehimoneofthemostremarkablefiguresinthehistoryofrock.ComparedwiththeBeatles,BobDylan____.（）A.hasmoreinfluenceonrockmusicB.hassoldfewerrecordsofhissongsC.ismoreimportantinEnglishD.islessimportantinAmericanrock

25、AninterestingprojectcalledBlueZonesisrecordingthelifestylesecretsofthecommunitieswiththehighestconcentrationsofintheworld.ThepeopleinthefiveregionsinEurope,LatinAmerica,AsiaandtheUSthatlivetobe100havealotgoingforthem.Genesprobablyplayasmallrole,butthesefolksalsohavestrongsocialties,tightly-knitfamiliesandlotsofopportunitiestoexercise.AswewereexaminingthedietarysecretsoftheBlueZones,asdescribedinauthorDanBuettner'slatestbook,TheBlueZonesSolution,wewerestruckbyhowessentialteadrinkingisintheseregions.Infact,Buettner'sBlueZonesBeverageRule—akindofguidelinesummarizedfromhis15orsoyearsofstudyingtheseplaces—is:"Drinkcoffeeforbreakfast,teaintheafternoon,wineat5p.m."Sciencehasplentytosayaboutthehealthfulvirtuesofgreentea.Researchersaremostenthusiasticaboutthecomponentsingreentea,aswellasfoodslikecocoa.WhymighttheyhelpsomanyOkinawansinJapanbreak100?Somecomponentsingreenteacanlowertheriskofstroke,heartdiseaseandseveralcancers.Onereviewstudyalsofoundthatdrinkinggreenteacanslightlyimprovemetabolism（新陈代谢）.IfyoufindyourselfontheislandofIkaria,theGreekBlueZoneinthemiddleoftheAegean,youwon'tbeofferedanyteamadewithtealeaves.Instead,Ikarianstypicallymaketheirdailycupofteawithjustonefreshherbthattheyhavepickedthemselvesthatday—eitherrosemary,wildsage,oregano,marjoram,mintordandelion,allplantsthatmayhaveanti-inflammatory（消炎的）properties,whichmayhelplowerbloodpressure.ThiscouldexplainIkaria'sverylowdementia（痴呆）rate,sincehighbloodpressureisariskfactorforthedisease.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"centenarians"inParagraph1referto?（）A.PeoplewhohavesecretlifestylesB.PeoplewhoenjoyphysicalexerciseC.PeoplewhoareonehundredyearsoldorolderD.Peoplewhocarrythegeneforbeingslim

26、--Hehardlyhasanythingnowadays,____?--No,Idon'tthinkso.（）A.hasheB.doesn'theC.doesheD.hasn'the

27、选出发音与其他不同的一项A.gainB.gangC.giantD.grain

28、OnChristmasEve—thenightbeforeChristmasDaychildrenareveryhappy.Theyputtheirstockingsattheendoftheirbedsbeforetheygotobed.TheywantFatherChristmastogivethemsomepresents.Mr.GreentellshischildrenthatFatherChristmasisaverykindman.HecomesonChristmasEve.Helandsontopofeachhouseandcomesdownthechimneyintothefireplaceandbringsthemalotofpresents.ChristmasDayalwaysbeginsbeforebreakfast.Thechildrenwakeupveryearly.Theycan'twaittoopenthepresentsintheirstockings.Thentheywakeuptheirparentsandcall:“MerryChristmas!”DoyouknowwhatChristmasmeans?ChristmasDayisthebirthdayofJesusChrist.WhenChristwasborn,manypeoplegavehimpresents.Sotoday,peoplestilldothesamethingtoeachother.FatherChristmascomesintothehousethroughthe____.（）A.windowB.frontdoorC.chimneyD.backdoor

29、I′mverysorrytohave__________youwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.A.interferedB.offendedC.impressedD.bothered

30、Menhavetraveledeversincetheyfirstappearedontheearth.Inprimitivetimestheydidnottravelforpleasurebuttofindnewplaceswheretheirherdscouldfeed,ortoescapefromhostileneighbors,ortofindmorefavorableclimates.Theytraveledonfoot.TheirJourneyswerelong,tiring,andoftendangerous.Theyprotectedthemselveswithsimpleweapons,suchaswoodensticksorstoneclubs,andbylightingfiresatnightand,aboveall,bykeepingtogether.Beingintelligentandcreative,theysoondiscoveredeasierwaysoftraveling.Theyrodeonthebacksoftheirdomesticatedanimals;theyhollowedoutthreetrunksand,byusingbitsofwoodaspaddles,wereabletotravelacrosswater.Latertheytraveled,notfromnecessity,butforthejoyandexcitementofseeingandexperiencingnewthings.Thisisstillthemainreasonwhywetraveltoday.Traveling,ofcourse,hasnowbecomehighlyorganizedbusiness.Therearecarsandsplendidroads,expresstrains,hugeshipsandjetairliners,allofwhichprovideuswithcomfortsandsecurity.Thissoundswonderful.Buttherearedifficulties.Ifyouwanttogoabroad,youneedapassportandavisa,ticket,luggage,andahundredofotherthings.Ifyouloseanyofthem,yourjourneymayberuined.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?（）A.PrimitivepeoplehadtoarmthemselveswithwoodenstickswhentheytravelledB.PrimitivepeopleprotectedthemselveswithstoneclubswhentheytravelledC.PrimitivepeoplehadtotravelingroupsD.Primitivepeoplenevertraveledatnight

31、ThenorthernpartsoftheUnitedStatesgetverycoldinthewinter.Itsnowsagreatdealandthe?temperatureoftengoes_____21_____zerodegreeinJanuary,_____22_____andMarch.Butthenortheasternand?northcentralregionsof____23______havebeenfinancialandindustrialcenters,andtheyareheavilypolluted.Inrecentyears,peopleintheseregionshavebeguntotakevacations_____24_____thesecoldwinter?months.Theygotosouthernpartsofthecountry____25______itiswarmer.ManygotoFloridawherethe?weatheris_____26_____.OthersgotothesouthwesternstatesofArizona,NewMexicoandTexaswherethey._____27_____drydesertclimates.Ithasbecome_____28_____nowadays.foroldpeopletomovesouthtotheseplaces_____29_____they?retire.Typicallythesepeopleselltheirhousesintheirhomecommunitiesandmovesouthtobegina?newlife_____30_____seniorcitizens.Theirchildrenlikelyhavehomes_____31_____andmanyofthemaremovingsouth_____32_____communities?wheretheywere_____33_____.Thesouthernandsouthwesternpartsofthecountryarenowgrowing_____34_____any?otherpart.Businessandindustry_____35_____manyofficesandfactoriesinthesouth.Californiaisalready?themostpopularstateinthecountry.

32、Youreallyhavetogetveryoldbeforeyourealizeyou'reold.I'minmymiddlefiftiesandIdon'tfeel21yet.However,sometimesIlookbackatmychildhoodand_22thingstothewaylifeisfor23kids,somethingshavecertainlychanged.Oneareaofchangeis24.Somechangeshavebeenimprovements.Somechanges,ontheotherhand,havebeen25.WhenIstartedschool,mostpeopledidn'thaveatelevision;TVwasjustbeginningtoget26.Myfatherdecidedtogoalloutandbuya16-inchblackandwhiteMotorola27.IstillrememberwatchingtheLoneRangersavepeople,fromthe28guysonthatawesomeelectronicmachine.Thatwasexciting!Now,29havelargerpicturesinfullcolor.Thepicturesareclearerandthesoundismuchmore30.Thenewhighdefinitionsetsaremadetorival31screens.Thevarietyandquantityofprogramhas32greatly.Therearehundredsofchannelsandmoreshowsthanonepersoncouldeverwatch.Therearemanyfineentertainmentandeducational33.There'salsoalotofgarbage,stuffthatmost34don'twanttheirkidsexposedto.Overall,wehavemorechoices,andthatisgood.Iwonderwhat35willbelikewhentoday'skidsaremyage．A.cheapB.variousC.expensiveD.popular

33、Tom________thecaraccidentifhehadn'tdrunkalcoholbeforedriving.A.wouldavoidB.avoidedC.wouldhaveavoidedD.willavoid

34、Forsometimepast,ithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatbabiesandothercreatureslearntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadto“rewards”;andthereisnoreasontodoubtthatthisistrue.Butitusedalsotobewidelybelievedthateffectiverewards,atleastintheearlystages,hadtobedirectlyrelatedtosuchbasicphysiological“drives”asthirstorhunger.Inotherwords,ababywouldlearnifhegotfoodordrinkorsomesortofphysicalcomfort,nototherwise.Itisnowclearthatthisisnotso.Babieswilllearntobehaveinwaysthatproduceresultsintheworldwithnorewardexceptthesuccessfuloutcome.Papousekbeganhisstudiesbyusingmilkinthenormalwayto“reward”thebabiesandsoteachthemtocarryoutsomesimplemovements,suchasturningtheheadtoonesideortheother.Thenhenoticedthatababywhohadenoughtodrinkwouldrefusethemilkbutwouldstillgoonmakingthelearnedresponsewithclearsignsofpleasure.Sohebegantostudythechildren'sresponsesinsituationswherenomilkwasprovided.Hequicklyfoundthatchildrenasyoungasfourmonthswouldlearntoturntheirheadstorightorleftifthemovement“switchedon”adisplayoflights—andindeedthattheywerecapableoflearningquitecomplexturnstobringaboutthisresult.Forinstance,t