2026初升高衔接英语必修第一册Unit4 语法+写作预习讲义(人教版)

人教版必修一Unit4NaturalDisa 定语从句起形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。•先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词/代词•限制性定语从句：无逗号分隔，去掉后主句语•关系代词5类：that/which/二.关系代词用法总表（贴合自然灾害话题例句）指代人Thevolunteerswhohelpedsurvivorsar救助幸存者的志愿者十分人宾语（不可作主Thevictimswhomwevisitedlostthei我们探望的灾民失去了家指代物Thefloodwhichhitthevillagelastedt袭击村庄的洪水持续了三物那就是震惊全国的那场地物道路损毁的小镇急需救援1.关系代词who、whom、that。这些关系代词的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语或者宾语。I’dreallyliketofindafriendwho/thathasthesameinterestasme.我真的想找一个和我有同样兴趣爱好的朋友。(who/that在从句中作主语)Heistheman(who/whom/that)IhelpedlastSunday.他就是我上周日帮助过的那个男人。(who/whom/that在从句中作宾语)填空①Doyouknowthegirlistalkingwithourmathsteacher?②ThewomanIreadaboutinthenewspaperhasjustwonagoldmedal.2.关系代词whose。用来指人或物(用作定语,若指物,它还可以同ofwhich互换)。Iwanttoreadthebookwhosecoverisblue,andpleasepassittome.=Iwanttoreadthebookofwhichthecoverisblue,andpleasepassittome.=Iwanttoreadthebookthecoverofwhichisblue,andpleasepassittome.我想看那本封面是蓝色的书,劳驾您递给我。Thisisthepersonwhosestorysurpriseseverybody.就是这个人的故事让所有人感到吃惊。翻译句子①很多学生参加了那个主题为“秋日校园”的摄影比赛。②那个女孩非常有礼貌,她的妈妈是一名医生。3.关系代词which和that。这两个关系代词所代替的先行词是表示事、物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。Yesterday,Ireadanarticlewhich/thatwasaboutnaturaldisasters.(which/that在从句中作主语)昨天,我读了一篇关于自然灾害的文章。Thepen(which/that)heboughtyesterdayisthesameasmine.他昨天买的那支笔和我的一样。(which/that在从句中作宾语)填空①Theschoolissurroundedbygreentreesisveryfamous.②ThereportMrBlackhandedinwasaboutthemotorrace.l先行词为不定代词all,everything,nothl先行词被最高级、序数词修饰Thisistheworl先行词同时包含人+物Wetalkedl主句以who/which开头特殊疑问句（避免重复）Whoisthedoctorth填空①Theflooddestroyedallthebookswereputonthefirstfloor.②Shedescribedinhercompositionthepeopleandplacesimpressedhermost. 一、填入合适关系代词（答案+解析后置）1.Thetyphoon______camelas2.Thepeople______wesavedweretrappedunder3.Thisistheonlysupplys4.Iknowthenurse______brotherworksinrescuecen5.Everything______youpreparewillhelphomel二、合并简单句为定语从句（单元话题）2.Thesoldierhelpedoldpeople.Wemethimyestu简洁性：5W要素（when/wh）：3.单元话题高分词块&句型devastatingflood特大洪水；triggerlandslide引发山体滑坡；trappedsurvivors被困幸存者；reliefsupplies救灾物资；rescueworkers救援人员；belefthomel2.Thedisasterwhichhittheareadestroyedhundredsofbuildings.（嵌入本单元定语从句）3.Localgovernmentsentmedicalteamstotheplaceswh4.Inconclusion,moreattentionshouldbepaidtonaturaldisasterpreven4.范文赏析（80-100词，含定语从句）HeavyFloodHitsWesternItisreportedthataheavyfloodwhichhitGreenTownlastFridaybrouglivedalongtheriverweretrappedandbecamehomelthevictims.Volunteerswhoseworkwastiringkeptsearchingformissingpeopledayandnigocalofficialssaidmorereliefsupplieswouldbesentinthefollowingdat写作任务：写一篇80词左右新闻报道，主题：本地山区突发小型山体滑坡，时间7月5日，无人员伤________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________\\A：将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句，使用合适关系代词。1.Therescueworkerssavedmanykids.2.Theoldladylostallherhouses.Wehelpedheryeste3.Thisistheterribletyphoon.Ithito4.Allsuppliesareready.Weneedthemforhomelessvillagers.5.Thisistheonlyshelter.Itcanholdhundredsofdisasterv6.Wetalkedaboutthedoctorsan7.Thatistheworstlandslide.Ithashappenedinthismountainvi8.Thereporter’scamerawasbroken.Hisreportcoveredtheea9.Nobodyforgetsthevolunteers.Theyriskedtheirliv10.Thereliefbagscontainfoodandwater.WesendthemB:用who,whom,which,that,whose填空，每空一词。1.1.Themudslide______destroyedtheroadstopped2.Thesurvivors______wemetwerewaitingfordrinkingwater.3.Thisisthemostseriousearthquake___4.Everything______thevolunteersbroughthelpedpeopleintrouble.5.Theman______losthisfamilyinthefloodisreceivingpsychol6.Theonlymedicalteam______canreachthe7.Wesawthefirefightersandruins___8.Thetown______houseswerewashedawayneedsmoretentsimm9.Therainstorm______lastedthreedayscausedhugeecon10.Thewoundedgirl______thenurseislooking3.Rescueactionstakenbythegovernmentandvolunt人教版必修一Unit4NaturalDisa 定语从句起形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。•先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词/代词•限制性定语从句：无逗号分隔，去掉后主句语•关系代词5类：that/which/二.关系代词用法总表（贴合自然灾害话题例句）指代人Thevolunteerswhohelpedsurvivorsar救助幸存者的志愿者十分人宾语（不可作主Thevictimswhomwevisitedlostthei我们探望的灾民失去了家指代物Thefloodwhichhitthevillagelastedt袭击村庄的洪水持续了三物那就是震惊全国的那场地物道路损毁的小镇急需救援1.关系代词who、whom、that。这些关系代词的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语或者宾语。I’dreallyliketofindafriendwho/thathasthesameinterestasme.我真的想找一个和我有同样兴趣爱好的朋友。(who/that在从句中作主语)Heistheman(who/whom/that)IhelpedlastSunday.他就是我上周日帮助过的那个男人。(who/whom/that在从句中作宾语)填空①Doyouknowthegirlistalkingwithourmathsteacher?②ThewomanIreadaboutinthenewspaperhasjustwonagoldmedal.答案:①who/that②who/that/whom或不填2.关系代词whose。用来指人或物(用作定语,若指物,它还可以同ofwhich互换)。Iwanttoreadthebookwhosecoverisblue,andpleasepassittome.=Iwanttoreadthebookofwhichthecoverisblue,andpleasepassittome.=Iwanttoreadthebookthecoverofwhichisblue,andpleasepassittome.我想看那本封面是蓝色的书,劳驾您递给我。Thisisthepersonwhosestorysurpriseseverybody.就是这个人的故事让所有人感到吃惊。翻译句子①很多学生参加了那个主题为“秋日校园”的摄影比赛。②那个女孩非常有礼貌,她的妈妈是一名医生。答案:①Manystudentstookpartinthephotographycompetitionwhosethemeis“AutumnCampus”.②Thegirlwhosemotherisadoctorisverypolite.3.关系代词which和that。这两个关系代词所代替的先行词是表示事、物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。Yesterday,Ireadanarticlewhich/thatwasaboutnaturaldisasters.(which/that在从句中作主语)昨天,我读了一篇关于自然灾害的文章。Thepen(which/that)heboughtyesterdayisthesameasmine.他昨天买的那支笔和我的一样。(which/that在从句中作宾语)填空①Theschoolissurroundedbygreentreesisveryfamous.②ThereportMrBlackhandedinwasaboutthemotorrace.答案:①which/that②that/which或不填l先行词为不定代词all,everything,nothl先行词被最高级、序数词修饰Thisistheworl先行词同时包含人+物Wetalkedl主句以who/which开头特殊疑问句（避免重复）Whoisthedoctorth填空①Theflooddestroyedallthebookswereputonthefirstfloor.②Shedescribedinhercompositionthepeopleandplacesimpressedhermost.答案:①that②that 一、填入合适关系代词（答案+解析后置）1.Thetyphoon______camelas2.Thepeople______wesavedweretrappedunder3.Thisistheonlysupplys4.Iknowthenurse______brotherworksinrescuecen5.Everything______youpreparewillhelphomel二、合并简单句为定语从句（单元话题）2.Thesoldierhelpedoldpeople.Wemethimyest2.whom/who/that先行词people人，从句缺1.Theheavyrainth2.Thesoldierwhom/whowemetyesterdayhelpedoldpu简洁性：5W要素（when/wh）：3.单元话题高分词块&句型devastatingflood特大洪水；triggerlandslide引发山体滑坡；trappedsurvivors被困幸存者；reliefsupplies救灾物资；rescueworkers救援人员；belefthomel2.Thedisasterwhichhittheareadestroyedhundredsofbuildings.（嵌入本单元定语从句）3.Localgovernmentsentmedicalteamstotheplaceswh4.Inconclusion,moreattentionshouldbepaidtonaturaldisasterpreven4.范文赏析（80-100词，含定语从句）HeavyFloodHitsWesternItisreportedthataheavyfloodwhichhitGreenTownlastFridaybrouglivedalongtheriverweretrappedandbecamehomelthevictims.Volunteerswhoseworkwastiringkeptsearchingformissingpeopledayandnigocalofficialssaidmorereliefsupplieswouldbesentinthefollowingdat写作任务：写一篇80词左右新闻报道，主题：本地山区突发小型山体滑坡，时间7月5日，无人员伤LandslideHitsMountainViAsmalllandslidewhichhitthemountainvillageonJThestonesandmudthatcOfficialsremindedvillagerstostayaway\\A：将两个简单句合并为含限制性定语从句的复合句，使用合适关系代词。1.Therescueworkerssavedmanykids.2.Theoldladylostallherhouses.Wehelpedheryeste3.Thisistheterribletyphoon.Ithito4.Allsuppliesareready.Weneedthemforhomelessvillagers.5.Thisistheonlyshelter.Itcanholdhundredsofdisasterv6.Wetalkedaboutthedoctorsan7.Thatistheworstlandslide.Ithashappenedinthismountainvi8.Thereporter’scamerawasbroken.Hisreportcoveredtheea9.Nobodyforgetsthevolunteers.Theyriskedtheirliv10.Thereliefbagscontainfoodandwater.Wesendthem1.合并句：Therescueworkerswho/thatrushedtotheflood解析：先行词therescueworkers指人，从句缺主语，可用2.合并句：Theoldladywhom/who/thatwehelpedyesterdaylostallherh解析：先行词theoldlady3.合并句：Thisistheterribletyphoonwhich/thathitourcoasta4.合并句：Allthatweneedforhomelessvillagersarer5.合并句：Thisistheonlyshelterthatcanholdhundredsofdisastervict解析：先行词被theonly修饰，固定规6.合并句：Wetalkedaboutthedoctor），7.合并句：Thatistheworstlandslidethathashappenedinthismountain解析：先行词被形容词最高级theworst修饰，8.合并句：Thereporterwhosereportcoveredtheearthquakehadhis9.合并句：Nobodyforgetsthevolunteerswho/thatriskedthei10.合并句：Thereliefbagswhich/thatwesendtodamagedtownsc解析：先行词reliefbags指物，从句缺宾语，which/thatB:用who,whom,which,that,whose填空，每空一词。1.1.Themudslide______destroyedtheroadstopped2.Thesurvivors______wemetwerewaitingfordrinkingwater.3.Thisisthemostseriousearthquake___4.Everything___