（牛津译林版）新高二英语暑假练习：定语从句（原卷版+解析）

新高二英语暑假精品课程(牛津译林版2020)

第三讲

高一精品复习03：定语从句

【基础知识】

一、定语从句概述

在主从复合句中,对某一名词或代词起修饰限制作用

定义

关的从句

定系关系代词who;whom;whose;which;that;as

语词

关系副词whcn;whcrc;why

从11

可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

句

本单元主要学习关系代词who,whom,that,which,whose引导的限制性定

语从句

二、关系词的3个作用

⑴引导定语从句;(2)代替先行词;(3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。

三、关系代词的基本用法

关系代词所指代(即先行词)在定语从句中所作的句子成分

who人主语、宾语

whom人宾语

which物主语、宾语

that人/物主语、宾语、表语

whose人/物定语

四、关系代词使用注意点

⑴关系代词that可指人也可以指物，可与关系词which/who/whom互换，但是不可直接放在介词的后面作宾语;

(2)作宾语时who与whom可互换，若紧跟在介词后面则使用whom;whom在从句中不作主语；

(3)关系代词作宾语时可省略(与介词连用时除外)。

五、关系代词只用that而不用which的情况

1.当先行词为alLeverytliing,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。

你必须记住的所有的事情是你必须专心于你的研究。

2.当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

3.当先行词被theonly,theveryjhelast修饰时。

4.当先行词既指人又指物时。

5.当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that。

6.当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。

【考点剖析】

关系词填空。

I.Heisamanwearereadytolearnfrom.

2.Thefirstthinghedidafterarrivinghomewasdoinghishomework.

3.Shesaidshewoulddoanythingcouldhelphermotherrecoverfromthedisease.

4.ThisdictionaryisthesecondoneIboughtinthebookstore.

5.Anothersayingwhichhasconicfromthefableis“Godhelpsthosehelpthemselves”.

6.Isthisthecomputeryouboughtlastweek?

7.Lookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehouseroofisunderrepair.

合并简单句为定语从句的主从句。

1.Sheheardaterriblenoise.Ther.oisebroughtherheartintohermouth.

—Sheheardaterriblenoise.

2.Thisis(hefilmstar.Hisnameiswellknownallovertheworld.

—>Thisisthefilmstar.

3.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yousawherinthepark.

—>Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.

4.Thereportwasaboutthemotorrace.MrTurnerhandedinareport

—>Thereportwasaboutthemotorrace.

5.Iwasgladthatallmyclassmateswerefbndofthecake.Imadethecake.

—>1wasgladthatallmyclassmateswerefondofthecake

6.Guilinisacity.Thecityhasahistoryof2.000years.

—»Guilinisacity.

【过关检测】

（全国乙卷•阅读理解・A）

TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorld

PeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround8A.D.,theRomansbuilt

theColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.

Rome'sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwassmallfry

comparedwiththecity'sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.

Thesedays,safetyregulations-not（omention（hemodemsportsfan'sdesireforagoodviewanda

comfortableseat-tendtokeepstadiumcapacities（容量）slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseal

each;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.

Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranks

thembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.

Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.

,Rungrado1stofMayStadium,Pyongyang,D.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150,000.Opened:May1,1989.

,MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107.601.Opened:October1,1927.

,BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,1960.

•OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio.U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.

,KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.

21.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?

A.104,944.B.107,601.

C.About150,000.D.About250,000.

22.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?

A.MichiganStadium.B.BeaverStadium.

C.OhioStadium.D.KyleField.

23.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon?

A.Theyhostbiggames.

B.Theyhavebecometouristattractions.

C.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans.

D.Theyarefavoredbyarchitects.

（全国乙卷•阅读理解・D）

Duringaninteniewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedby

thelevelofdistraction（干扰）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,"That'swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspace

acrossthestreet—soIcanfocus?,Uiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypically

useanopenofficelayout（布局）.ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.

Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.

Theywererandomlydividedintofbjrgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotal

silenceto50decibels（分贝），70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswere

statisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup-thoseexposedtoalevelofnoise

similartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop—significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffects

weresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85

decibelsofbackgroundnoise.

Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackground

noise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone'screativethinkingability.Therightlevel

ofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,

withoutmakingitimpossibletofbcus.Thiskindof“distractedfbcus"appearstobethebeststateforworkingon

creativetasks.

Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wccan'tstop

ourselvesfromgettingdrawnintootlicrs'conversationswhilewc'rctryingtofbcus.Indeed,theresearchersfound

thatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffee

shopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.

32.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?

A.Ithelpshimconcentrate.

B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.

C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere.

D.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.

33.Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?

A.Totalsilence.B.50decibels.C.70decibels.D.85decibels.

34.Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?

A.Personalprivacyunprotected.B.Limitedworkingspace.

C.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion.D.Constantinterruptions.

35.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.lie'sanewsreporter.D.He'sanofEccmanager.

C.He'saprofessionaldesigner.D.He'sapublishedwriter.

（2020•唐山高一检测）

BrownieandSpottywereneighbordogswhometeverydaytoplaytogether.Likepairsofdogsyoucanfind

inanyneighborhood,thesetwolovedeachotherandplayedtogethersooftenthattheyhadwornapaththroughthe

grassofthefieldbetweentheirhouses.

Oneevening,Brownie'sfamilynoticedthatBrowniehadn'treturnedhome.Theywentlookingfbrhimwith

nosuccess.Browniedidn'tshowupthenextday,andalthoughtheymadetheireffortstofindhim,bythenext

weekhewasstillmissing.

Curiously,SpottyshowedupatBrownie'shousealone,barkingandjumping.Busywiththeirownlives,they

paidnoallentiontothenervouslittleneighbordog.

Finally,onemorningSpottyrefusedtotake“no”fbrananswer.Ted,Brownie'sowner,wascontinuously

disturbedbytheangry,determinedlittledog.SpottyfollowedTedabout,barkingallthetime,thendartingtowarda

nearbyemptylot（anareaofland）andback,asiftosay,“Followme!It'surgent（紧急的）!”

Eventually,ledfollowedSpottyacrosstheemptylotasSpottystoppedtoracebackandbarkedencouragingly.

Thelittledogledthemantoadesertedspot.ThereTedfoundhisbelovedBrowniealive,oneofhislegsstuckina

steeltrap.Frightened.TednowwishedhehadfollowedSpottyearlier.

ThenTednoticedsomething.SpottyhaddonesomethingelsebesidesleadingBrownie'shumanownertohis

trappedfriend.Inacirclearoundtheinjureddog,Tedfoundsomefoodremainsofeverymeal.Browniehadbeen

fedthatweek!SpottyhadbeenvisitingBrownieregularly,inthehopsofkeepinghisfriendalive.Spottyhad

actuallystayedwithBrownietoprotecthimfromhungerandotherdangers,andkeephisspiritsup.

Brownie'slegwascarefullytreatedandhesoongotwellagain.Formanyyearsthereafterthetwofamilies

watchedthefaithfulfriendsrunningaftereachotherdownthatwell-wornpathbetweentheirhouses.

1.Altheverybeginning,TedpaidlittleattentiontoSpottybecause.

A.hewasnotfreeatthemoment

B.hewassureBrowniewouldbeOK

C.hedidn'tlikeSpotty

D.hismissingdogmadehimsad

2.Theunderlinedword"darting“inthefourthparagraphcanbereplacedby.

A.walkingB.shouting

C.rushingD.looking

3.AfterTedwasbroughtwhereBrowniewastrapped,he.

A.managedtofreehisdogatonce

B.wasverythankfultoSpotty

C.regrettednotfollowingSpottyearlier

D.wasangrywiththetrap-maker

4.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

A.humansandanimalsdependoneachotherforcomfort

B.it'snotrighttohuntanimalsinanyneighborhood

C.Tedhastotakebettercareofhisbeloveddoglateron

D.itwasSpotty'stimelyhelpthatsavedBrownie

新高二英语暑假精品课程(牛津译林版2020)

第三讲

高一精品复习03：定语从句

【基础知识】

一、定语从句概述

在主从复合句中,对某一名词或代词起修饰限制作用

定义

关的从句

定

系关系代词who;whom;whose;which;that;as

语词

关系副词whcn;where;why

从

可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

句

本单元主要学习关系代词who,whom,that,which,whose引导的限制性定

语从句

二、关系词的3个作用

⑴引导定语从句;(2)代替先行词;(3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。

三、关系代词的基本用法

关系代词所指代(即先行词)在定语从句中所作的句子成分

who人主语、宾语

whom人宾语

which物主语、宾语

that人/物主语、宾语、表语

whose人/物定语

四、关系代词使用注意点

⑴关系代词that可指人，也可以指物，可与关系词which/who/whom互换，但是不可直接放在介词的后面作宾语;

(2)作宾语时who与whom可互换，若紧跟在介词后面则使用whoin;whom在从句中不作主语；

(3)关系代词作宾语时可省略(与介词连用时除外)。

五、关系代词只用that而不用which的情况

1.当先行词为alLeverytliing,nothing,anythingJittle,niuch等不定代词或先行词被这叫词修饰时。

你必须记住的所有的事情是你必须专心于你的研究。

2.当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

3.当先行词被theonlyjhevery,thelast修饰时。

4.当先行词既指人又指物时。

5.当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that。

6.当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。

【考点剖析】

关系词填空。

I.Heisamanwearereadytolearnfrom.

2.Thefirstthinghedidafterarrivinghomewasdoinghishomework.

3.Shesaidshewoulddoanythingcouldhelphermotherrecoverfromthedisease.

4.ThisdictionaryisthesecondoneIboughtinthebookstore.

5.Anothersayingwhichhascomefromthefableis“Godhelpsthosehelpthemselves”.

6.Ischisthecomputeryouboughtlastweek?

7.Lookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehouseroofisunderrepair.

答案：

I.whom/who/that2.lhal3.that4.that5.who6.that/which7.whose

合并简单句为定语从句的主从句。

1.Sheheardaterriblenoise.Ther.oisebroughtherheartintohermouth.

—>Shcheardaterriblenoise.

2.Thisisthefilmstar.Hisnameiswellknownallovertheworld.

—>Thisisthefilmstar.

3.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yousawherinthepark.

—>Thcwomanisourgeographyteacher.

4.Thereportwasaboutthemotorrace.MrTurnerhandedinareport

—>Thereportwasaboutthemotorrace.

5.1wasgladthatallmyclassmateswerefbndofthecake.Imadethecake.

—♦Iwasgladthatallmyclassmateswerefbndofthecake.

6.Guilinisacity.Thecityhasahistoryof2,000years.

—>Guilinisacity.

答案：

1.that/whichbroughtherheartintohermouth2.whosenameiswellknownallovertheworld

3.(who/whom/that)yousawinthepark4.(that/which)MrTurnerhandedin

5.thcitImade6.which/thathasahistoi-yof2,000years

【过关检测】

(全国乙卷•阅读理解・A)

TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorld

PeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround8A.D.,theRomansbuilt

theColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.

Rome'sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50.000people.However,thatwassmallfry

comparedwiththecity'sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.

Thesedays,safetyregulations—nottomentionthemodernsportsfan'sdesireforagoodviewanda

comfortableseat——tendtokeepstadiumcapacities(容量)slightlylower.Evensoccerfanslendtohaveaseat

each;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.

Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,vvehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranks

thembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.

Allthesestadiumsarcstilifunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.

,Rungrado1stofMayStadium,Pyongyang,D.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150,0(X).Opened:May1,1989.

,MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107.601.Opened:October1,1927.

,BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17.I960.

,OhioStadium,Columbus.Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.

,KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.

21.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?

A.104,944.B.107,601.

C.About150,000.D.About250,000.

22.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichis（heoldest?

A.MichiganStadium.B.BeaverStadium.

C.OhioStadium.D.KyleField.

23.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon?

A.Theyhostbiggames.

B.Theyhavebecometouristattractions.

C.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans.

D.Theyarefavoredbyarchitects.

答案：

2LD22.C23.A

（全国乙卷•阅读理解・D）

Duringaninteniewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedby

thelevelofdistraction（干扰）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,"That'swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspace

acrossthestreet—soIcanfbcus/'Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypically

useanopenofficelayout（布局）.But1recentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.

Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.

Theywererandomlydividedintotbargroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotal

silenceto5（）decibels（分贝），7（）decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswere

statisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoise

similartobackgroundchatterinaccffccshop—significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffects

weresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85

decibelsofbackgroundnoise.

Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackground

noise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone'screativethinkingability.Therightlevel

ofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,

withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof^distractedfbcus”appearstobethebeststateforworkingon

creativetasks.

Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inourofllces,wecan'Istop

ourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers5conversationswhilewe'retryingtofbcus.Indeed,theresearchersfound

（hatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffee

shopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.

32.Whydocstheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?

A.Ithelpshimconcentrate.

B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.

C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere.

D.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.

33.Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?

A.Totalsilence.B.50decibels.C.70decibels.D.85decibels.

34.Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?

A.Personalprivacyunprotected.B.Limitedworkingspace.

C.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion.D.Constantinterruptions.

35.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.He'sanewsreporter.B.He'sanoffcemanager.

C.He'saprofessionaldesigner.D.He'sapublishedwriter.

答案：

32.A33.C34.D35.D

（2020•唐山高一检测）

BrownieandSpottywereneighbordogswhometeverydaytoplaytogether.Likepairsofdogsyoucanfind

inanyneighborhood,thesetwolovedeachotherandplayedtogethersooftenthattheyhadwornapaththroughthe

grassofthefieldbetweentheirhouses.

Oneevening,Brownie'sfamilynoticedthatBrowniehadn'treturnedhome.Theywentlookingfbrhimwith

nosuccess.Browniedidn'tshowupthenextday.andalthoughtheymadetheireffortstofindhim,bythenext

weekhewasstillmissing.

Curiously,SpottyshowedupatBrownie'shousealone,barkingandjumping.Busywiththeirownlives,they

paidnoattentiontothenervouslittleneighbordog.

Finally,onemorningSpottyrefusedtotake“no"fbrananswer.Ted,Brownie'sowner,wascontinuously

disturbedby(heangry,determinedlittledog.SpollyfollowedTedabout,barkingallthetime,thendarlingtowarda

nearbyemptylot(anareaofland)andback,asiftosay,“Followme!Il'surgent(紧急的)！”

Eventually,TedfollowedSpottyacrosstheemptylotasSpottystoppedtoracebackandbarkedencouragingly.

Thelittledogledthemantoadesertedspot.ThereTedfoundhisbelovedBrowniealive,oneofhislegsstuckina

steeltrap.Frightened,TednowwishedhehadfollowedSpottyearlier.

ThenTednoticedsomething.SpottyhaddonesomethingelsebesidesleadingBrownie'shumanownertohis

trappedfriend.Inacirclearoundtheinjureddog,Tedfoundsomefoodremainsofeverymeal.Browniehadbeen

fedthatweek!SpottyhadbeenvisitingBrownieregularly,inthehopeofkeepinghisfriendalive.Spottyhad

actuallystayedwithBrownietoprotecthimfromhungerandotherdangers,andkeephisspiritsup.

Brownie'slegwascarefullytreatedandhesoongotwellagain.Formanyyearsthereafterthetwof