2026届中考英语总复习（人教版）简单句考点归纳（原卷版）

专题13简单句考点归纳

考情分析

考点考向

基本句型①简单句的五种基本句型②Therebe结构

陈述句①肯定句：主语+谓语（+其他）.

②否定句：主语+dorTt/docsrft/didn1+动词原形（+其他）.

主语+amnot/isn't/aren't/can't/hasn,t/haven,t/...+...

疑问句①一般疑问句：Do/Does/Did+主语+动词原形（+其他）？

Am/Is/Are/Can/Has/Have/...+主语-…？

②特殊疑问句：WhatAVho/Whcn/Whcrc/Why/How/Howoften/...+一般疑问句？

祈使句①肯定形式：动词原形（+...）/...

②否定形式：Don，t+动词原形（+...）/...

感叹句①what引导的感叹句：What+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语）！

What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）!

②how引导的感叹句：How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）！

考点1简单句的基本句型

一、简单句的五种基本句型

1.主语+不及物动词

Ihvcnearasupermarket.（nearasupermarket为状语，作修饰成分）

2.主语+及物动词+宾语

Weboughtanexpensivehouse.（expensive为定语，作修饰成分）

3.主语+系动词+表语

Allof'lheseexperiencesareinlereslingfbrus.（fbrus为状语，作修饰成分）

4.主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

Doingsportsbringsushealth.

拓展

通常间接宾语是人，直接宾语是物，即“动词+sb.+sth”。如果动词后为某物，则需要加上介词io/for再加某

人，即“动词+sth.+to/fbr+sb."。如：buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.（给某人买某物）：scnd/show/rcturnsb.

sth=send/show/retumsth.tosb.（给某人寄送/展示某物/归还某物给某人）。

5.主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语

Wcfbundthebookinteresting.

随堂训练

1.（25-26九年级上•北京•开学考试）Whichofthefollowingsentencesfollowsthestructureof“S（主）+V（谓）

+10（间宾）+D0（直宾）”？

A.Autumnleavesturnbrown.B.Tommydoessomereadingeveryday.

C.Ifoundhimveryinteresting.D.Sandy'smumboughtheranewhat.

2.（2024七年级上河南郑州•专题练习）Whichofthefollowingisthesameas“Isawhimplayingthepiano.^^in

sentencepattern?

A.WecallherMissZhang.B.Igavehimanewpencil.

C.HelikesEnglishverymuchD.Theywereatliomeyesterday.

3.（2025•甘肃平凉,三模）Thesentencestructureof“Tomisplayingbasketball.is.

A.S+V+OB.S+V+PC.S+V+IO+DOD.S+V+DO+OC

4.（2025•安徽六安•模拟预测）Thesentencestructureof“MrZhangteachesusEnglish.'*is.

A.S+V+DOB.S+V+IO+DO

C.S+V+DO+OCD.S+V+P

5.（2024•甘肃武威•模拟预测）Thesentencepatternof“StayingwithstudentsbringsJackmuchpleasure."is

A.S+VB.S+V+PC.S+V+IO+DOD.S+V+O+OC

二、Therebe结构（存现句）

1.结构及意义：“Therebe+某物/某人+某地/某时”结构表示“某地或某时有某物或某人”。

例：ThereisagoodmovieonTVtonight.（今天晚上电视上有一部好电影。）

2.Thcrcbc结构的就近原则：be动词的单复;数形式必须和Therebe之后的第一个主语保持一致。

例：Thereisanappleandtwobooksonthetable.

3.Therebe结构的时态：Therebe结构时态的变化体现在be动词上，而且be动词可以和各种助动词或情态

动词连用。

时态结构例句

一般现在时Thereis/are...Therearefortystudentsintheclassroom.

一般过去时Therevvas/were...TherewasatalkshowonTVyesterday.

一般将来时Therewillbe...或Thereis/aregoingtoTherewillbeaconcertonSaturday.

be...Thereisgoingtobeafootballgame

tomorrow.

随堂训练

1.（25-26九年级上•上海静安•期中）Thenoticesaidthereabasketballmatchinourschoolnextweek.

A.willbeB.isC.wouldhaveD.wouldbe

2.（2025•云南丽江•一模）—WhatexcitingeventwillhappeninourschoolnextMonday?

一Thereasingingcompetitioninourschool.

A.isgoingtohaveB.willhaveC.isgoingtobeD.arcgoingtobe

38.（23-24九年级上•江苏徐州月考）CouldyoutellmeameetinginGuangzhounextweek?

A.whetheristheregoingtobeB.whetherthereisgoingtohave

C.iftherewasgoingtobeD.ifthereisgoinj?tobe

4.（25-26九年级上,甘肃武威•开学考试）TherealotnorcplacestoenjoyinWuwciinthefuture.

A.areB.willbeC.willhaveD.isgoingtohave

5.（24-25七年级下•全国•单元测试）Ihopethereraintomorrowbecausewewillgooutforapicnic.

A.tobenoB.willbenotmuchC.willnotbemuchD.willhave

考点2句子种类

句子按其用途可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四类。

一、陈述句

陈述句用来陈述事实或表达说话者的看法，分为肯定句和否定句。句末通常用句号。

类型结构或用法例句

门定基本结构：主语+谓语（+其他）Iplayedbasketballyesterday.

句

否定谓语部分只有实义动词时：主语+doMt/docsntdidn1+谓语动Theydidn'tplaybasketballyesterday.

句词原形

谓语部分含有系动词be、助动词、情态动词时，否定形式Jimisn*tplayingfootballnow.

为在它们后面直接加notWccan'tlivewithoutwater.

通堂训练

1.（25-26九年级下•河北石家庄•开学考试）Mybrotheranewbag,butI.

A.has;don'tB.have;doesn'tC.has;doesn'tD.have;don't

2.（25-26九年级上,上海虹口•月考）Tomanyhelpbecausehecandotheworkhimself

A.needsB.doesn'tneedloC.doesn'tneedD.needn't

3.（25-26九年级上•江西抚州・期口）1sleepverywell,butthenIstarteddoingyogaanditreallyhelps.

A.usedtoB.wasusedtoC.didn'tusetoD.wasn'tusedto

二、疑问句

1.疑问句的分类和结构

类型含义及特点结构例句

一般疑以系动词be、助动词或谓语部分只有实义动词—DoessheliveinBeijing?

,可句情态动词开头，可以用时：Do/Does/Did+主语+一Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.

yes或no来问答谓语动词原形+（其他）？

谓语部分含有系动词be、一Areyouamiddleschoolstudent?

情态动词或助动词时，系一Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.

—HaveyoueverbeenloShanghai?

动词be、情态动词或助动

—Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.

闻在主语前

特殊疑由疑问词（组）引导，疑问词（组）।一般疑问Wheredocsshelive?

词句不能用yes或no来回答句？—ShelivesinBeijing.

选择疑在两种或两种以上情况一般选择疑问句：一般疑Doyoulikeapplesorpears?

,可句中进行选择的疑问句；问句+or+被选择的内容—Ilikepears.

回答不用yes或no,而之一？

是一个完整的句子或其

特殊选择疑问句：特殊疑—Whichdoyoulikebetter,teaorcoflee?

省略形式

问句，AorB?Ilikecoffeebetter.

2.疑问词（组）

类型疑问词（组）含义及用法示例

疑问what“什么”，没有指定的范围Whatwouldyoulike?

代词

询问某人的职业—What'syourfather?

一Heisateacher.

which“哪•个/些”，范围明确Whichisyourfavouriteseason?

who“谁”，询问某人的身份、Whoistheboyunderthetree?

姓名，作主语或宾语（紧跟Who/Whomarcyoutalkingto?

在介词后面时只能用

whom）

whom“谁”，who的宾格形式，作Towhomareyoutalking?

宾语

whose“谁的”，多位于名词前Whosebookisthis?

疑问when“什么时候”，问时间Whendoyougetup?

副词

where“在哪里”，问地点Whereismyruler?

（词

why“为什么”，问原因（常用Whydoyoulikespring?

组）

because或不定式问答）WhydidTomgotothelibraryyesterday?

how“怎样”，问方式—Howdoyougo(oschool?

—Bybike/bus.

howfar“多远”，问距离Ilowfarisitfromhere?

howlong“多久”，问持续时间（常用—HowlonghaveyoulivedinBeijing?

“fbr+时间段”回答）—Fortenyears.

“多长”，问长度HowlongistheYellowRiver?

howoften“芨久一次”，问频率（可以—Howoftendoycugotothecinema?

用44oncc/lwice/threetimes।Twiceamonth.

时间段''或everyday等回

答）

howsoon“多久”，问要多长时间（常一Howsooncanyoufinishit?

用“in+时间段”回答）—Inanhour.

howmuch“多少钱”，问价格Howmuchisthemilk?

“多少”，问不可数名词的量Howmuchwaterisleft?

howmany“多少”，问可数名词的数量Howmanydaysarethereinayear?

howold“多大年纪”，问年龄Howoldarcyou?

随堂训练

1.（25-26九年级下•北京•开学考试）一Excuseme,Tmnewhere.isthetrainstationfromthisschool?

—It'sabouttwokilometersaway.

A.HowlongB.HowmuchC.HowfarD.Howmany

2.（25-26九年级上北京通州•月考）一doyouusuallygotothelibrary?

—Twiceaweek.

A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.Howsoon

3.（25-26九年级上•安徽亳州•期末）一studentsarethereinyourclass?

_42students,22girlsand20boys.

A.Howmuch;ThereisB.Howmuch;Tlierehas

C.Howmany;ThereareD.Howmany;Therehave

4.（2026九年级•全国,专题练习）一isitfromyourhometoschool?

—Abouttwokilometers.

A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howfar

三、祈使句

祈使句用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告、建议等。主语you常常省略，谓语动词用原形。

类型结构例句

肯定形动词原形（+...）ReadEnglishloud!Bequiet!

式

屈+宾语+动词原形（+...）Letmehelpyou.

否定形don't+动词原形（+...）Don*ttalkinclass.Don'tbelateagain!

式

no+名词/动词的-ing形式Nosmoking.（=Don'tsmoke.）

never+动词原形（+...）Nevergiveup!

let+宾语+not+动词原形（+...）Lefsnottalkaboutit.

拓展“祈使句,and/or+含有一般将来时的陈述句”句型

此句型中，祈使句表示条件，在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。and表顺承;or表不做某事的后果，意为

"否则如：Studyhard,andyouwillgetabettergradenexttime.

随堂训练

1.（25-26九年级下,吉林长春,开学考试）,Tutu,oryouwillbelatefbrclass.Thereareonlytwo

minutesleft.

A.HurryupB.TohuryupC.HurryingupD.Hurriedup

2.（25-26九年级上,上海静安,期中）Jane,eattoomanysweets.Theyarebadforyourteeth.

A.nottoB.doesn,tC.don'tD.not

3.（2026九年级,全国•专题练习）Don'tlatefbrschoolagain.

A.beB.isC.areD.was

4.（2026•上海嘉定•一模）Ifthereisanyproblemwiththesmartcleaner,themanagerdirectly,please.

A.contactB.tocontactC.contactingD.contacted

四、感叹句

感叹句是用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。常用what和how引导。

类别结构例句

what引导What+a/an+形容词+可数名Whatabeautifulgirl（sheis）!

的感叹句词的单数形式（+主语+谓

语）！

What+形容词+可数名词复Whatimportantjobs（theyhavedone）!

数/不可数名词（+主语+谓Whatgoodnews（itis）!

语）！

how引导的How+形容词/副词（+主语+Howdelicious（thenoodlesare）!

感叹句谓语）！Howfast（theriverruns）!

易错提示what引导的感叹句中心词是名词；how引导的感叹句中心词是形容词/副词。

如"_interestingbookstheseare!''的中心词为books,句中theseare为主语和谓语，因此填What；而“_

interestingthebooksare!”的中心词是interesting,thebooksare为主语和谓语，因此填How。

随堂训练

1.（25-26九年级上,云南昆明,期末）greatprogressChinahasmadeintechnology,suchasin5Gand

AI!

A.WhatB.WhataC.HowaD.How

2.（2026九年级•云南•专题练习）amazingachievementtheChinesescientistshavemadeinthefieldof

quantumcomputing（量子计算）!

A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Howan

3.（2026九年级,云南,专题练习）excitingnewsitis!Chinahassuccessfullylaunchedanotherspace

stationmodule.

A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Howan

4.(25-26九年级下•江西上饶,开学考试)—JennywonfirstprizeinSharingChineseStoriesinEnglish

Competition.

_greatnewsitis!HerEnglishusedtobeprettybad.

A.HowaB.HowC.WhataD.What

5.(22-23九年级上•河南郑州•期末)一excellentworkyouhavedone!

一:t'sverykindofyoutosayso.

A.WhatanB.HowC.WhatD.Howan

综合训练

一.单句语法填空

I.There(be)manymodernhigh-speedrailways：nJiangsuandtheyhelppeopletraveleasily.

2.Wehopethere(be)acomputeroneverystudent'sdeskinthefuture.

3.There(be)notanyteststomeasurehowkindyouaretoyourfriends,orhowmuchyouloveto

draw.

4.There(be)afewthingsthatyoucando.

5.Agreatsayingalwayshelpsalot.Thcrc(be)alotofgreatChinesesayingsandmanyofthemarc

abouthowtoliveagoodlife.

6.Therewillbe(rain)tomorrow.Wecan'teatout.Wehavetostayathome.

7.Itwasgettingcolderandcolder,andthere(be)lessthan10peopleinthesquare.

8.Scientistsworrythatsoonthere(notbe)enoughwaterfbrus.Whatcanwedotohelp?Usewater

wisely.

9.strangeitwas!Ileftmybookonthedesk.butitwasonthesotawhenIcameback.

10.(close)youreyesandletmusicpaintpicturesinyourmind.Whenthemusicends,

(open)youreyesandwritedownwhatyouremember.

11.There(be)somegoodadviceandwaysabouthowtousetheInternetcorrectlyandwisely.

12.Thecheersfilledtheair.anexcitingbasketballgame!

13.—Attention,please!(stay)insidebecauseoftheheavyrain.

—Wewill,Mr.Li.

14.usefulknowledgetheastronautinTiangongClassroomhastaughtus!

15.Lastly,actnow!Speakclearly,(raise)yourheadandyou'llnoticethedifferenceinthewayyou

feelandthewaypeopleseeyou.

16.—Dad,shallwegotothelibrarybybikeorbycar?

—Bybike.There(be)noparkinglotthere.

17.(keep)tryinganddoyourbest.

18.—ThepencantranslatewhatyouwritedownintoEnglish.

-aninterestinginvention!

19.(spend)lesstimeonthephoneatnight,oryouwillfindithardtofallasleep.

20.TheC919,China*sself-madelargeplane,isnowinuse.excitingthenewsis!

21.Sometimeshergrandchildrensaytoher,“Please（notgo）outinyourcarallby

yourself,Granny.Wecantakeyoutotheshops.^^

二、翻译句子

1.不用时，请关掉电灯、电视和电脑。

2.我们能做什么来帮助有需要的人？

3.别放弃！尽最大的努力，你一定会成功!

4.我们的学校旅行多么不寻常!我永远不会忘。（what）

5.无论你做什么，都不要失去勇气。（whatever,never）

6.这个周末，秦皇岛有一场大型音乐会。

7.你通常怎样使用零花钱？（spend）

8.让我们看看十年后我们中多少人能实现自己的梦想。

三.语法选择

A

（2025•广东佛山•三模）请通读下面短文，掌握其人意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的

三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。

39-year-oldLiuisashopownerinXinjiang.Daysago,he]bypeoplefbrpatientlypickinga

hatfbrasickchildandgivingittothechildfbrfree.

Themovingstorytookplacein2children'sclothesshopinXinjiangonDecember31.Thatday

av/omanwithachildwalkedintotheshopandstoodinfrontofashelffilledwith3fbralongtime.

Thechildlookedpaleandhismotherwasn'tsurewhichhattopick.Seeingthat,theshopownerLiutalkedwith

themothertoseeifhecouldhelp4.

Afterknowingthatthechildwasreceivingchemotherapy（化疗），Liudecided5himahatfbr

free.Hethenputdifferenthatson:hechild6untilhechosehisfavouriteone.Themotherwasvery

thankfill7Liu.

LiuisfromZhengzhou,Henan.Heandhiswife8ashopsellingchildren'sclothesinXinjiang

yearsago.Thecouplehavesentclothesworth20,000yuantopoorchildren9theystartedtheshop.

“Thehatisn'tworthmuch.1justhopeitwillbringwarmthtohim.Ijustwanttobekinderand_____[Q

inthefuture.Everyoneshouldshowalittlelovetoothers,especiallythosewhoarcinneed."Liusaid.

1.A.praisedB.ispraisedC.waspraised

2.A.aB.anC.the

3.A.hatB.hatsC.hats'

4.A.theyB.themC.their

5.A.giveB.givingC.togive

6.A.careB.carefillC.carefully

7.A.toB.fromC.with

8.A.openB.openedC.willopen

9.A.sinceB.whileC.unless

10.A.helpfulB.morehelpfulC.themosthelpful

B

（2025,广东佛ill•三模）Nasheng,a32-year-olddoctor,worksinasmalltowninYunnanandtakescareof

morethan5,400villagershere.]achild,shesawherfamilyhavetroublegettingmedicalhelpin

inlandareas.Longjourneysandlanguageproblemsmadeiteven2.Therefore,shestudiedmedicinein

collegeandcameback3herhometown.

WhenshejoinedYanglaTownHealthCenterin2021,lifewasn'teasy.Shelivedinatinyroom4

hadlittleafter-workfun.t4Lifeherewas5,butIneverthoughtofleaving,nshesmiled.Tohelpmore

people,freemobilehealthchecks6invillageseverymonth.Shenoticedthat7oldcouldn't

gettreatmentagain,becausethehealthcenterwastoofar.Shesuggestedbuildingabasichealthstation.Nowit

hasadoctor,bringingcareclosertothevillagers.

Villagersarcthankfiilfbr8shehasdone.An80-ycar-oldgrandmaoncebought9

somefreshfruitfromanothertown.VillagersalsoinvitedhertojointheircelebrationsduringthelastSpring

Festival.

“MaybeI10tocollegeoneday,*'shesaid,<4butIllalwayscomeback.Thisismyhome.**Just

likeNashcng,wcshouldusewhatwclearntotakecareofthelandthatraisedus.

1.A.AsB.ForC.With

2.A.hardB.harderC.hardest

3.A.helpB.helpingC.tohelp

4.A.andB.orC.but

5.A.boredB.boringC.boredom

6.A.offeredB.wereofferedC.wereoffering

7.A.aB.anC.the

8.A.whatB.thatC.how

9.A.sheB.herC.hers

10.A.goB.wentC.willgo

四.选词填空

A

（2025•广东佛山•三模）请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完

整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次。

theyasliferestaurantsotiredalonemakekeepchangedeliciousslow

Theoldsaying“Goodmedicinetastesbitter."maybenolongertrue.Foralongtime,TraditionalChinese

Medicine（TCM）isthoughttobegoodfbrhealthbutnot1toeatordrink.However,thingsare

differentnow.

AcreativeTCMmilkteais2byChongqingJiangbeiDistrictHospitalof'TCM.Il'snotsosweet

3commonmilkteaandhasalittleherbal（药草的）smell."TheTCMmilkteaispopular.Almosteveryone

whotrieditsharesthespecialtastewiththeirfriends,saysadoctorinthehospital.Atthesametime,some

4sellfoodanddrinkswithTCM.Youcanhavebreadandcakeswithlowsugarandicecreamthatiscool

butcanhelpyoulowerthesummerheat5.

TCMfoodanddrinksarepopularamongyoungpeople.Foronething,youngpeopleare6

becauseoftheirbusywork.Theyalwayscallthemselves“crispysk:nyouths”（脆皮青年）.That'swhytheywant

to7theirpoordiets.Foranother,it'shardfbr8togiveuptheirlovefbrjunkfood.They

think9willbeboringwithouttastyfood.NowdifferentkindsofTCMfoodanddrinksweremadeto

meettheneedsfbrdifferenttastesbythescientistsanddoctors,10moreandmoreyoungpeople

chooseTCMfoodanddrinks.

B

（2025・广东佛山•三模）请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完

整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。

whilewarmofmealsimpleimaginefactfbrstorytruetheybeat

Hotpot,apopulardish,hasalonghistoryofabouttwothousandyearsinChina.1sitting

aroundawarmpotatatablewithyourfriendsandfamily.Everyoneislaughing,telling2andcooking

theirfoodrightinthepot.Thisisn'tjustabouteating.It'sabouthavingagoodtimetogether.

Thestoryofhotpotstartedbecausepeopleneededtokeep3inwinter.They

foundeatingmeatandvegetablesfromapotofhotsoupmade4feelcomfortable

andfull.Thenhotpotstartedasacommonwayto5thecold.Thenitgrewintoa

traditionandspreadalloverChina.

Astimewentby,eachpartofChinamadeitsownspecialkind6hotpot.Forexample,Sichuan

madeaspicyhotpot,7Beijingpreferredaclearsoupwiththinpiecesofmutton.Thisshowshowone

8____ideacanchangeintosomanydifferentanddeliciousdishes.

Now,peopleallaroundtheworldenjoyhotpot.It9showshowfoodcanbringustogether.

morethanjusta10.It'sawaytobringpeoplecloser,sharejoyandcreategoodmemories.

五.语法填空

A

（2025•浙江湖州•一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

AnEnglishteacherfromNewZealandrecentlyexploredthebeautifulcountrysideofBaodinginNorth

China'sHebeiProvincebycyclingwithhisfamily.

Alongwithmorethan100cyclists,Robert'swholefamily1（take）partin