考纲词汇09-高考英语词汇必背（含答案）

专题09:考纲词汇09

一、核心词汇

1.advancedadj.高级的；先进的

2.admissionn.允许进入；入场费；门票；承认

3.amusement儿［U］可笑，愉悦，娱乐；［C］娱乐活动，游戏，消遣活动

4.attraction儿有吸引力的事物；名胜；吸引

5.calmvt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的

6.concernvt.（使）担忧；涉及；关系到n.担心；关注；（利害）关系

7.minorityn.少数；少数民族

8.preserveX保护，维护；维持……的原状，保存〃.保护区

9.powern.能力；力量；权力

10.variousadj.不同的；各种各样的

二、重点词组

1.avarietyof=varietiesof各种各样的

varyfrom...to...从...到....不等

2.attract/draw/catchone'sattention吸弓I某人的注意力

3.befamousfor以..而闻名

befamousfbr=bewell-knownfor以...而闻名

befamousas=bcwell-knownas作为...而出名

4.bemodelledafter根据..模仿；仿造

mo...把...塑造成....

5.intheminority占少数

inthemajority占大多数

6.inadvance预先；提前（指事先）

7.gainadmissionto/into获准进入

beadmittedto/into录取；批准加入...

8.getcloseto接近..,靠近....

keepaclosewatchon严密监视...

9.cometolife活跃起来；苏醒过来

cometolight被发现；被知晓

comebacktolife苏醒过来；复活

v/henitcomesto...当谈及...

10.beinpower执政；掌权（状态）

beyond/outofone'spower力所不能及的

11.setdown记下；放下；登记

setouttodosth.出发；开始干某事

setaboutdoingsth.着手做某事

setoff（for...）动身：引爆（炸弹等）

12.onpurpose故意

for/withthepurposeof...为了:带着...的目的；目的是

三、词汇精练

（一）根据句意，用核心词汇完成句子。

1.Wehave（各种各样的）activitiesinthesummercamp.Youcanchooseonebasedonyourown

hobbies.

2.Therearealmostno（娱乐活动）fbrthestudents.Theclassroom,dormitoryandcanteenarethe

placestheyvisiteachday.

3.Asweallknow,theWestLakeisafamoustourist（名胜）.

4.Wehavetakeneffectivemeasuresto（保护）ourngturalresources.

5.Inthatdevelopingcountry,peoplewhoreallyattachgreatimportancetoeducationareinthe（少

数）.

6.Havingshownyouaroundourschool,wewillintroduceourmost（先进的）sciencelabtoyou.

7.Asatranslator,Iwasfortunatetogain（准许进入）intotheGreatHallofthePeople.

8.Asisknowntous,knowledgeis（力量）•

9.Moreandmorepeopleare（关心）aboutthetrafficsafetynow.

10.Itisveryimportanttokeep（镇静的）whenanaccidenthappens.

（二）根据句意及方框中的词组，用重点词组的正确形式完成句子。

bemodelledafter,getcloseto,calmdown,cometolife,setdown

beadmittedto,onpurpose,befamousfbr,cometo,inadvance

1.ItwasnotuntilIcameherethatIrealizedthisplacenotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweather.

2.HisdancingstylethatofMichaelJackson.

3.Tocatchtheearlyflight,weorderedataxiandgotupveryearly.

4.ShePekingUniversityin2017,whichmadeherparentsveryhappy.

5.Theteachercallsonthestudentstonatureandtakeexerciseinthesummervacation.

6.Mysisterusedtobeshy,butshehassinceshejoinedtheclub.

7.Wheniteducation,themajorityofpeoplebelievethateducationisalifetimestudy.

8.Theexcitedfootballfansatlast.

9.Idon'twanttoaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo.

10.Didhedothisorjustbyaccident?

(三)单句语法填空

1.Playingwithwatercankeepchildren(amuse)fbrhours.

2.Whensheheardthegoodnews,an(attract)smileappearedonherface.

3.Thesetraditionalcustomsshould(presene).

4.Weareworkinghard(advance)thecauseofworldpeace.

5.TheValleyisinthe(center)partoftheOlympicNationalPark.

6.Theieisnuneed(leain)suinclliing(hatyouGndiobeoflittlevalue.

7.Mysisterworksasa(translate)inaveryfamousinternationalcompany.

8.Youshouldn'tstayatyourofficeallday;(get)closetonatureisgoodfbryourhealth.

9.Itwasthefirsttimethathe(talk)withhisteacherfacetoface.

10.1havetobelievethatencouragementisso(power)thatitcanchangeaperson.

四、词汇运用

A

ThefinalbellringsatahighschoolindowntownLosAngeles.Nearlyeverystudentwalkingoutoftheschool

gatestudiesascreen,withtheirheadboweddown.Overthepastdecade,suchsceneshavebecomequitecommon

—atleastintheUnitedSates.ResearchindicatesthatAmericanmillennialslookattheirphones150timesadayon

average.

Inthemeantime,thenumberofAmericanteenagersreportingfeelingsofdepressionhasgrownsignificantly.

SomepeopleblametheincreaseontheGreatRecessionfollowing2008andothersocialchanges.However,abig

newstudysuggestsadifferentexplanation—theriseofsocialmedia.JeanTwenge,apsychologyprofessoratSan

DiegoStateUniversity,ledthestudy.

Withdatacollectedfrommorethan50,000Americanteenagers,shefoundthatthosewhospentlotsoftimeon

socialmediaweremorelikelytoagreewithremarkssuchas“Thefutureoftenseemshopeless?'Thosewhoused

screensless,spendingtimeplayingsportsorsocializingwithfriendsinperson,werelesslikelytoreportfeelingsof

depression.

This,infact,isnotthefirsttimethatscientistshavefoundthatsocialmediacanrobpeopleoftheirhappiness.

Onestudypublishedin2016askedarandomlyselectedgroupofadultstoquitFacebookfbraweek.Itturnedout

thattheyreportedfeelinglessdepressedattheendoftheweekthanthosewhocontinuedusingit.

Someresearch,however,suggeststhatsocial-networkingsitescanpromotehappinessifusedtoengage

directlywithotherusers,ratherthanjusttofeeljealousofhappymomentssomeonesharesonline.Thisprovidesa

reminderthatitisusers'attitudesthatshapetheirexperiencesonsocialmedia/4!oftenremindmyselfthatifsall

filtered,"reflectsSarah,ajunioratthehighschoolinLosAngeles.t4Peopleonlypostwhattheywantyoutosee,so

itcanseemthattheirlifeissuperiortoyours."Butwhenaskedifshehaseverconsidereddeletinghersocialmedia

accounts,SarahlooksconfUsed."No.Iwouldfeellost.,,

I.Whatisthetopicofthepassage?

A.Feelingsofdepression.B.Theriseofsocialmedia.

C.Addictiontorecreation.D.Theuseofsmartphones.

2.Whatcanwelearnfromthetwostudiesinparagraph3and4?

A.Sportsandsocializationaresupposedtobeencouraged.

B.MostAmericanteenagershavesunkintohopelessness.

C.Socialmediahavenegativeeffectsonpeople'sfeelings.

D.Peoplearenotinapositiontoivewithoutsocialmedia.

3.AccordingtoSarah,whatistherightattitudetoothers'happymomentssharedonline?

A.Jealous.B.Critical.C.Concerned.D.Tolerant.

B

Nowadays,wcalmostneverwritethingsbyhand.However,multiplestudieshaveshownthatthisacthas

manybenefits.Newbrainresearch,ledbyresearchersattheNorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology,

confirmsthesame:choosinghandwritingoverusingakeyboardresultsinbetterlearningandmemory.4tWhcnyou

writeyourshoppinglistorlecturenotesbyhand,yousimplyrememberthecontentbetterafterwards,“saidAudrey

vandcrMccr,authorofthestudy.

Thestudywasconductedusingequipmenttotrackandrecordbrainwaveactivity.Theparticipantsincluded

12youngadultsand12children.ThisisthefirsttimethatchildrenhaveparticipatedinsuchastudyEachsubject

wasaskedtowritebyhandandtypeonakeyboardwhilewearingahoodwithover250electrodes（电极）.The

sensorsintheelectrodesarcverysensitiveandpickuptheelectricalactivitythattakesplaceinthebrain.Each

examinationtook45minutesperperson.

Theresultsshowedthatthebraininbothyoungadultsandchildrenismuchmoreactivewhenwritingbyhand

thanwhentypingonakeyboard.AccordingtoVanderMeer,plentyofsensesareactivatedbypressingapenon

paper,seeingtheletterswrittenandhearingthesoundmadewhilewriting.Thesesenseexperiencesbuildcontact

betweendifferentpartsofthebrain,openingthebrainupfbrlearning.

VanderMeerbelievesthattheoutcomesstresstheimportanceofchildrenbeingchallengedtodrawandwrite

atanearlyage,especiallyatschool."Learningtowritebyhandisabitslowerprocess,butit'simportantfbr

childrentogothroughthetiringphaseoflearningtowritebyhand,“shesaid.

Thehandmovementsusedtofbrmtheshapesoflettersarcbeneficialinseveralways."Ifyouuseakeyboard,

youusethesamemovementfbreachletter.Writingbyhandrequirescontrolofyourfinemotor（精细动作）skills

andsenses.It'simportanttoputtheDraininalearningstateasoftenaspossible/'VandcrMeeradded.Forexample,

youmightuseakeyboardtowriteanessay,butyoushouldtakenotesbyhandduringalecture.

4.What'sthemainpurposeofthetext?

A.Toencourageustowriteessaysbyhand.

B.Toadvisechildrentostarttowriteearly.

C.Toreportonanewstudyonhandwriting.

D.Toexplainhowhandwritingaffectsadults.

5.Whatdowcknowaboutthestudy?

A.Thestudyinvolved12participantsaltogether.

B.Theparticipantsweredividedintotwogroups.

C.Alltheparticipantsweregatheredfbrexamination.

D.Thesensorswereusedtotrackbrainwaveactivity.

6.WhydoesthebrainbecomemoreactivewhenwritingbyhandthanwhentypingonakeyboardaccordingtoVan

derMeer?

A.Moresensesaremadeactive.

B.Handwritingiseasieronthebrain.

C.Noisemadebytypingdistractsthebrain.

D.Thebrainismoreusedtotheskillsrequired.

7.HowdoesVanderMeerthinkhandwritingbenefitspeople?

A.Itallowschildrentobecomemorepatient.

B.Itincreasespeople'sinterestinlearning.

C.Ithelpspeopledevelopfinemotorskills.

D.Itallowspeopletowritebetteressays.

专题09:考纲词汇09参考答案

三、词汇精练

（一）根据句意，用核心词汇完成句子。

1.various2.amusements3.attraction4.preserve5.minority

6.advanced7.admission8.power9.concerned10.calm

（二）根据句意及方框中的词组，用重点词组的正确形式完成句子。

1.wasfamousfbr2.ismodelledafter3.inadvance

4.v/asadmittedto5.getcloseto6.cometolife

7.comesto8.calmeddown9.setdown10.onpurpose

（三）单句语法填空

1.amused2.attractive3.bepreserved

4.toadvance5.central6.tolearn

7.translator8.getting9.hadtalked10.powerful

四、词汇运用

【答案】1-3BCB

1.主旨大意题。根据第二段，结合文章主要介绍了有研究表明社交媒体的兴起与感到抑郁的美国青少年人

数熠加存在关系，介绍了这项研究开展的过程，以及研究发现社交媒体对人们的情绪有负面影响。然而，

也有一些研究表明，如果社交网站能直接与其他用户互动，而不仅仅是嫉妒别人在网上分享的快乐时光，

那么它就能提高人们的幸福感。由此可知，这篇文章的主题是社交媒体的兴起。故选B。

2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Withdatacollectedfrommorethan50,000Americanteenagers,shefoundthatthose

whospentlotsoftimeonsocialmeciaweremorelikelytoagreewithremarkssuchas“Thefutureoftenseems

hopclcss.^^Thosewhousedscreensless,spendingtimeplayingsportsorsocializingwithfriendsinperson,were

lesslikelytoreportfeelingsofdepression."以及第四段中“This,infact,isnotthefirsttimethatscientistshave

foundthatsocialmediacanrobpeopleoftheirhappiness.”可知，社交媒体对人们的情绪有负面影响。故选Co

3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“'Ioftenremindmyselfthatit'sallflltcrcd/,reflectsSarah,ajunioratthehigh

schoolinLosAngeles.44Peopleonlypostwhattheywantyoutosee,soitcanseemthattheirlifeissuperiorto

yours."”可推知，莎拉认为，应该批判地对待别人在网上分享的快乐时光。故选B。