2026年天津市人教版初中英语下册语法填空专项训练

2026年天津市人教版初中英语下册语法填空专项训练一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Mr.Smithisinterestedincollectingstamps.Hespendsmostofhisfreetime______them,andhehasalargecollectionnow.A.collectB.collectingC.tocollectD.collected解析：本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句中spendsmostofhisfreetimedoingsth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，故用动词ing形式，正确选项为B。2.Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister.Sheis______tovisitthemuseumthisweekend.A.planB.plansC.planningD.planned解析：本题考查动词时态。根据时间状语thisweekend可知，主句应用一般现在时，且主语为Thegirl，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，故选B。3.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgotothebeach.A.won’trainB.doesn’trainC.won’tberainingD.isn’training解析：本题考查if引导的条件状语从句。当if从句表示将来情况时，用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故选B。4.Mybrotherisgoodatplayingthepiano,andheoftenperforms______hisclassmates.A.forB.toC.atD.with解析：本题考查介词的用法。performforsb.意为“为某人表演”，故选A。5.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句。asksb.if/whethersth.为固定搭配，意为“询问某人是否做了某事”，故选A或C，此处if和whether可互换。6.Itisimportanttokeepahealthylifestyle.Weshould______exerciseandeatnutritiousfood.A.takeB.takeupC.takeinD.takeon解析：本题考查动词短语。takeexercise意为“进行锻炼”，故选A。7.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为物book，关系代词用which或that，故选B。8.Myparentsarealwaysbusy______theygotoworkearlyandcomebacklate.A.becauseB.sothatC.althoughD.if解析：本题考查状语从句。根据句意“因为……所以……”表示原因，故选A。9.Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为Theboy，关系代词用who或that，故选A。10.Thestudentsweresurprised______theteachertoldthemthenews.A.atB.forC.withD.when解析：本题考查介词和连词的用法。besurprisedatsth.意为“对某事感到惊讶”，故选A。二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Sheis______(write)alettertoherfriendnow.参考答案：writing解析：本题考查现在分词作表语。bedoingsth.意为“正在做某事”，故填writing。2.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______(practice)itasmuchaspossible.参考答案：practice解析：本题考查祈使句。祈使句主语省略，动词用原形，故填practice。3.Thechildrenare______(play)hide-and-seekinthegardennow.参考答案：playing解析：本题考查现在分词作表语。bedoingsth.意为“正在做某事”，故填playing。4.Mysisterisgoodat______(sing)andsheoftenperformsatschool.参考答案：singing解析：本题考查动名词作介词宾语。begoodatdoingsth.意为“擅长做某事”，故填singing。5.Theman______Ispoketolastnightisafamouswriter.参考答案：who/that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为Theman，关系代词用who或that，故填who或that。6.Itisimportanttokeep______(healthy)andexerciseregularly.参考答案：healthy解析：本题考查形容词作宾补。keepsth.adj.意为“使某物保持某种状态”，故填healthy。7.Thegirl______issittingonthebenchismysister.参考答案：who/that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为Thegirl，关系代词用who或that，故填who或that。8.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgotothebeach.参考答案：doesn’train解析：本题考查if引导的条件状语从句。当if从句表示将来情况时，用一般现在时，故填doesn’train。9.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.参考答案：if/whether解析：本题考查宾语从句。asksb.if/whethersth.为固定搭配，故填if或whether。10.Mybrotherisgoodat______(play)thepiano,andheoftenperforms______hisclassmates.参考答案：playing；for解析：本题考查动名词和介词。begoodatdoingsth.意为“擅长做某事”，performforsb.意为“为某人表演”，故分别填playing和for。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Theboywhoisplayingfootballismybrother.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为Theboy，关系代词用who，句子结构正确。2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothepark.(×)解析：本题考查if引导的条件状语从句。当if从句表示将来情况时，用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故应为Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothepark.3.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为Thegirl，关系代词用who，句子结构正确。4.Myparentsarebusybecausetheygotoworkearlyandcomebacklate.(√)解析：本题考查because引导的原因状语从句。句子结构正确。5.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为Thebook，关系代词用which或that，句子结构正确。6.Thestudentsweresurprisedwhentheteachertoldthemthenews.(√)解析：本题考查when引导的时间状语从句。句子结构正确。7.Mybrotherisgoodatplayingthepiano,andheoftenperformsforhisclassmates.(√)解析：本题考查并列句。句子结构正确。8.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshouldpracticeitasmuchaspossible.(√)解析：本题考查祈使句。祈使句主语省略，动词用原形，句子结构正确。9.Thegirlwhoissittingonthebenchismysister.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为Thegirl，关系代词用who或that，句子结构正确。10.Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(√)解析：本题考查宾语从句。asksb.if/whethersth.为固定搭配，句子结构正确。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Whatdoesthephrase"spendtimedoingsth."mean?参考答案：Thephrase"spendtimedoingsth."meanstouseacertainamountoftimetodoaspecificactivity.Forexample,"Hespendstwohoursreadingeveryday."meansheusestwohourseverydaytoreadbooks.解析：本题考查动词短语。spendtimedoingsth.意为“花时间做某事”，解题要点需解释短语含义并举例说明。2.Howcanweformasentenceusing"if"toexpressafuturecondition?参考答案：Toformasentenceusing"if"toexpressafuturecondition,weusethesimplepresenttenseinthe"if"clauseandthesimplefuturetenseinthemainclause.Forexample,"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."解析：本题考查if引导的条件状语从句。解题要点需说明时态用法并举例。3.Whatisthedifferencebetween"who"and"that"inrelativeclauses?参考答案：Inrelativeclauses,"who"isusedtorefertopeople,while"that"canrefertobothpeopleandthings.Forexample,"Thegirlwhoissittingonthebenchismysister."and"ThebookthatIborrowedisinteresting."解析：本题考查定语从句。解题要点需说明关系代词的用法区别并举例。4.Howdoweformasentenceusing"sothat"toexpressapurpose?参考答案：Toformasentenceusing"sothat"toexpressapurpose,weusethesimplepresenttenseinthemainclauseandthesimplefuturetenseorcanclauseinthe"sothat"clause.Forexample,"Hegetsupearlysothathecancatchthefirsttrain."解析：本题考查sothat引导的目的状语从句。解题要点需说明时态用法并举例。5.Whatisthefunctionofthephrase"keepahealthylifestyle"?参考答案：Thephrase"keepahealthylifestyle"meanstomaintainawayoflivingthatpromotesgoodhealth.Thisincludeseatingnutritiousfood,exercisingregularly,andgettingenoughsleep.解析：本题考查短语含义。解题要点需解释短语含义并说明其作用。6.Howdoweformasentenceusing"because"toexpressareason?参考答案：Toformasentenceusing"because"toexpressareason,weplacethereasonclauseafterthemainclause.Forexample,"Myparentsarebusybecausetheygotoworkearlyandcomebacklate."解析：本题考查because引导的原因状语从句。解题要点需说明句子结构并举例。7.Whatisthedifferencebetween"if"and"whether"in宾语从句?参考答案：Inobjectclauses,"if"and"whether"canusuallybeusedinterchangeably,but"whether"ispreferredwhentheclauseintroducesalternatives.Forexample,"Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhadfinishedtheirhomework."and"Theteacheraskedthestudentswhethertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework."解析：本题考查宾语从句。解题要点需说明两个连词的用法区别并举例。8.Howdoweformasentenceusing"when"toexpressatime?参考答案：Toformasentenceusing"when"toexpressatime,weplacethetimeclausebeforethemainclause.Forexample,"Thestudentsweresurprisedwhentheteachertoldthemthenews."解析：本题考查when引导的时间状语从句。解题要点需说明句子结构并举例。五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Completethefollowingsentence:"Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine."参考答案：who/that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为Theboy，关系代词用who或that，故填who或that。2.Completethefollowingsentence:"Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgotothebeach."参考答案：doesn’train解析：本题考查if引导的条件状语从句。当if从句表示将来情况时，用一般现在时，故填doesn’train。3.Completethefollowingsentence:"Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework."参考答案：if/whether解析：本题考查宾语从句。asksb.if/whethersth.为固定搭配，故填if或whether。4.Completethefollowingsentence:"Mybrotherisgoodat______(play)thepiano,andheoftenperforms______hisclassmates."参考答案：playing；for解析：本题考查动名词和介词。begoodatdoingsth.意为“擅长做某事”，performforsb.意为“为某人表演”，故分别填playing和for。5.Completethefollowingsentence:"Sheis______(write)alettertoherfriendnow."参考答案：writing解析：本题考查现在分词作表语。bedoingsth.意为“正在做某事”，故填writing。6.Completethefollowingsentence:"Thegirl______issittingonthebenchismysister."参考答案：who/that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为Thegirl，关系代词用who或that，故填who或that。标准答案及解析一、单项选择题1.B2.C3.B4.A5.A/C6.A7.B8.A9.A10.A二、填空题1.writing2.practice3.playing4.singing5.who/that6.healthy7.who/that8.doesn’train9.if/whether10.playing；for三、判断题1.√2.×3.√4.√5.√6.√7.√8.√9.√10.√四、简答题1.参考答案：Thephrase"spendtimedoingsth."meanstouseacertainamountoftimetodoaspecificactivity.Forexample,"Hespendstwohoursreadingeveryday."meansheusestwohourseverydaytoreadbooks.解析：本题考查动词短语。spendtimedoingsth.意为“花时间做某事”，解题要点需解释短语含义并举例说明。2.参考答案：Toformasentenceusing"if"toexpressafuturecondition,weusethesimplepresenttenseinthe"if"clauseandthesimplefuturetenseinthemainclause.Forexample,"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."解析：本题考查if引导的条件状语从句。解题要点需说明时态用法并举例。3.参考答案：Inrelativeclauses,"who"isusedtorefertopeople,while"that"canrefertobothpeopleandthings.Forexample,"Thegirlwhoissittingonthebenchismysister."and"ThebookthatIborrowedisinteresting."解析：本题考查定语从句。解题要点需说明关系代词的用法区别并举例。4.参考答案：Toformasentenceusing"sothat"toexpressapurpose,weusethesimplepresenttenseinthemainclauseandthesimplefuturetenseorcanclauseinthe"sothat"clause.Forexample,"Hegetsupearlysothathecancatchthefirsttrain."解析：本题考查sothat引导的目的状语从句。解题要点需说明时态用法并举例。5.参考答案：Thephrase"keepahealthylifestyle"meanstomainta