考研英语（一）模拟试卷113

考研英语(一)模拟试卷113

一、完型填空(本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。)

Womenoften[1]thatdatingislikeacattle[2],andapaperjustpublishedinBiology

LettersbyThomasPollelandDanielNettleofNewcastleUniversity,inEngland,

suggeststheyare[3].Theyhavelittlecauseforcomplaint,however,becausethepaper

alsosuggeststhatinthisparticularmarket,itis[4]whoarethebuyers.Mr.Polletand

Dr.Nettlewerelookingfor[5]tosupportthecontentionthatwomenchoosemenof

[6]statusandresources,aswellasgoodlooks.Thatmaysoundcommonsense,butit

wasoften[7]bysocialscientistsuntilagroupofresearcherswhocalledthemselves

evolutionarypsychologistsstartedinvestigatingthemattertwodecadesago.Sincethen,a

seriesofexperimentsinlaboratorieshavesupportedthecontention.Butasallzoologists

know,[8]canonlytellyousomuch.Eventually,youhavetolookat[9]populations.

AndthatiswhatMr.PolletandDr.Nettlehavedone.Theyhaveexamineddatafromthe

19t0censusoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaanddiscoveredthatmarriageis,indeed,a

market.Moreover,asinanymarket,a[10]ofbuyersmeansthesellershavetohave

particularlyattractivegocdson[11]iftheyaretomaketheexchange.Theadvantageof

picking1910wasthatAmericahadnotyetsettleddown,demographicallyspeaking.

Thoughthelong-colonizedeasternstateshadasex[12]ofonemantoonewoman,or

thereabouts,intherestofthecountrytheoldadage"gowest,youngman"hadresultedin

a[13]ofmales.Mr.PolletandDrNettlewerethusabletoseejusthowpickywomen

arc,[14]thechance.[15]lookingatthewholecensus,thetworesearchersreliedon

asampleofonepersonin250.Theythen[16]themeninthesampleasocioeconomic

statusscorebetweenzeroand96,onascaledrawnupin1950(whichwasascloseto

1910astheycouldget).Theyshowedthatinstateswherethesexeswereequalin

number,56%oflowstatusmenweremarriedbytheageof30,[17]60%ofhighstatus

menwere.Eveninthiscase,then,therearewomenwhowouldprefertoremain[18]

ratherthanmarryadeadbeat.Whentherewere110menforevery100women(as,for

example,inArizona),thewomengotreally[19].Inthatcaseonly24%oflow-status

menweremarriedby30comparedwith46%ofhigh-statusmen.Asthemenwentwest,

then,sodidtheir[20]opportunities.

1、

A、discuss

B、argue

C^complain

D、consider

标准答案：C

知识点解析：首先从语法上来看，四个选项全都是符合语法结构的，那么再从本句

后面的“Theyhavelittlecauseforcomplaint,however"，可以判断出女性们之前是在

抱怨，那么可以选择出C项。

2、

A、house

B、market

C、farm

D^factory

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题同样需要参照后文，即“inthisparticularmarket”，那么结合句意

进行选择，可以选择出是market。

3、

A、right

wrong

C、insane

D、happy

标准答案：A

知识点解析：前一句说女性们抱怨，后一句说“但是，她们也不应有理由抱怨既

然有这一个转折，那么这一句应该是对女性抱怨的肯定，则应当是Iheyareright。

故A项正确。

4、

A、men

B、parents

C、couples

D、women

标准答案：D

知识点解析：既然是说女性也不应有理由抱怨，那么原因是什么，是因为在

这个市场上是买方。那么在这个daling的市场上，自然买方占优势，由此可推断此

处应该是women0

5、

A、samples

evidence

C、stories

D、people

标准答案：B

知识点解析：A项samples样本，B项evidence证据，C项stories故事，D项

people人。这里是说这两位在找什么来支持他们的论点，肯定是找证据，故选择

evidence最为合适。

6、

A^right

B、low

C、high

D、appropriate

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本句是说女性选择男性的标准。后面提到goodlooks,那么与之相对

应的是statusandresources。good在这里是好的，不错的意思，那么这里的形容词

也应该是积极意义的修饰，故可以排除Bo而right和叩propriate在意义上不能和

high相比，故选择C最为合适。

7、

A、supported

B、denied

C^discussed

D、required

标准答案：B

知识点解析:supported意为支持,denied意为否认,discussed意为讨论，required

意为要求。这里说的是“虽然这是常识，但是在有人开始调查之前，一直为社会学

家所把握住but这个转折之后，可判断出denied最符合题意。

8、

A、evidence

B、samples

C>experiments

D、movies

标准答案：C

知识点解析：evidence意为讦据，sample*意为样例，experiment*意为实验，

movies意为电影。本句前一句说有一系列的实验已经支持了这一论点，然后一个

转折，并不会告诉你太多。根据逻辑推断，应该是experiments最符合题

意，故选择C。

9、

A、natural

black

C、native

D、foreign

标准答案：A

知识点解析：结合前面的内容，这里是说有关女性择偶的问题有一些实验室里的实

验已经可以支持论点了，但是实验毕竟是不够的，还需要再参照一下其他的，那么

结合选项，究竟是自然人口，黑人人口，本地人口还是外国人口？从参照的样本全

面程度来讲，自然人U更符合题意。

A、if

should

C、unless

D、given

标准答案：D

知识点解析：ifthechance,不符合语法规范,应当是ifthereisthechance。should

thechance,也不对，应当是shouldthe3,havethechanceounlessihechance也不

对，应当是unlesstheyhavethechanceogiventhechance,正确，在这里given与前

半句的women形成被动关系。given前面省略了ifiheyare,意为如果女士被给予

机会，她们会是如何地挑剔。

15、

A、Without

B、Ratherthan

C、Failingto

D、Requiredto

标准答案：B

知识点解析：without,没有。Ratherthan,与其；不愿；不要；不是。Failingio,

未能做到。Requiredto,被要求做某事。首先根据后接lookinga【可以排除掉C、D

两项，ratherthan和without两项对比，ratherthan更加符合句意。ratherthan更有

“转而，进一步”的意思。

16、

A、conducted

B、searched

CNdiscussed

D、assigned

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本句可以判断出是有双宾语,即themen和statusscore,结合选项，

能带双宾语的只有D项assigned,此处的assigned做“赋值”讲。

17、

A、while

B、and

C、but

D、when

标准答案：A

知识点解析：注意前后两句中的lowstatus和highstatus,可以推断出这两者之间

是一个对比关系，那么结合选项可以判断出while符合题意，while在这里用以表

示对比或相反的情况。

18、

A、married

single

C、divorced

D、widow

标准答案：B

知识点解析：注意本句中ratherthan后面的部分，后面是说要嫁，而ratherthan是

说宁可……也不……，因此其前面的部分应当与marry相对，故是single。

19、

A、serious

B、choosy

C^tolerant

D、casual

标准答案：B

知识点解析：前文说有女性宁愿独身也不嫁给身无分文的人。那么当100名女性面

对110名男性的时候，她们会严肃，挑剔，宽容还是随便呢?结合全文，应该是挑

剔。

20,

A、divorce

B、reproduction

C^marriage

D、death

标准答案：C

知识点解析：前文提到地位低下和地位显贵的男士的结婚比例，所以结合句意，当

男士前往西部的时候，他们的结婚机会也会随之而去，故选择C。

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分,共20分。）

"TheessentialqualitiesofatruePan-Americanism",remarkedFranklinRooseveltin

1933,"mustbethesameasthosewhichconstituteagoodneighbour,namelymutual

understandingand...asympatheticappreciationoftheother'spointofview."Thatis

advicewhichtheUnitedStateswoulddowelltoheedinitsrelationswithitsimmediate

neighbours,CanadaandMexico.MostAmericansmaynotbeawareofil,butfrustrations

andresentmentsarebuildingjustacrosstheirborderstobothsouthandnorth.Ofcourse,

neighbourlytiesinNorthAmericaarecloserthaninRoosevelt'sday.UndertheNorth

AmericanFree-TradeAgreement（NAFTA）,tradeamongthethreecountrieshasmore

thandoubledsince1994andcross-borderinvestmentclimbedevenfaster.Inthe

aftermathoftheterroristattacksofSeptember11th2001,theUnitedStatesmoved

quicklytosign"smartborder"agreementswithbothCanadaandMexico,totrytoensure

thatthedemandsofsecuritydidnotinterrupttrade.Bythestandardsofmuchofthe20th

century,politicaltiesbetweentheUnitedStatesandMexicoarewarm.Yetgotoeither

borderandyouwouldn'tknowallthis.Fedupwiththeflowofillegalmigrantsfromthe

south,thegovernorsofArizonaandNewMexicothismonthdeclaredastateof

emergency.ViolencebetweendruggangsrecentlyledtheUnitedStatestemporarilyto

closeitsconsulateinNuevoLaredo,thebusiestborder-crossingpoint.TheAmerican

ambassadorbluntlycriticisesMexicoforitsfailuretopreventdrug-relatedviolencealong

theborder.ThathaspromptedretaliatoryverbalblastsfromMexicanofficials.Canada's

moodisnotmuchmorecordial.SinceSeptember11th,CanadiansandAmericansalike

havebecomelesskeenonpoppingoverwhattheylikedtocall"theworld'slongest

undefendedborder"forshoppingorrecreation.Canadiansincreasinglydisagreewith

AmericansovermattersasvariedastheIraqwarandgaymaniage.Theyare

disillusionedwithNAFTA,claimingithasfailedtopreventtheUnitedStatesfrom

unlawfullypunishingtheirexportsof,forexample,lumber.Sowhat?Frictionisinthe

natureofinternationalrelations,andtheproblemsonthenorthernborderaredifferent

fromthoseinthesouth.Yetthereisacommondenominator.Americanstendtosee

security,migration,drugs,eventrade,asdomesticpoliticalissues.Butsotheyarefor

CanadaandMexicotoo.Likeitornot,Americansrelyontheirneighboursforprosperity,

energyandhelpwithsecurity.Itbehovesallthreecountriestoshowsome"sympathetic

understanding'1.

21、Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A、theessentialqualitiesofatruePan-AmericanismweredefinedbyFranklinRoosevelt

B、mutualunderstandingisoneofthemostfar-reachingelementsinNorthAmerica

C^fewAmericansmaybeawareofothers'pointofview

D、America'sfriendshipwithCanadaandMexicorisksgoingsour

标准答案：D

知识点解析：这是一道细节题，测试考生深刻理解原文并且进行合理推导的能力。

本题的答案信息来源在首段的尾句，该句的大意是：“大多数美国人大概不清楚罗

斯福总统的忠告，但是失望和不满正在穿越国界向加拿大和墨西哥方向蔓延并加

深”。该句中的“southandnorth”指代的分别是墨西哥和加拿大两国。由此句，尤其

是“bill,“引导的后半句，可以推断本题的正确选项应该是D4tAiiiciiuaSfiicndsliip

withCanadaandMexicorisksgoingsour”（美国与加拿大、墨西哥之间的友谊有出问

题的危险）。

22、Politicalrelationshipisdiscussedinthetextsoasto.

A^illustrateCanada'scordialmoodtowardMexicoandAmerica

B、interprettheimprovedneighbourlyticsinNorthAmerica

C、foretelltheprospectofinternationalrelations

D^gaugetheflowofillegalmigrantsfromMexico

标准答案：B

知识点解析：这是一道细节题，测试考生透彻理解原文结构和内容的能力。本题的

答案信息来源在第二段的首句和尾句。第二段的尾句是本题题干的所在位置，该句

是为第二段首句服务的，即第二段尾句是第二段首句（即主题句）的论证句。由此可

以推断本题的正确选项应该是B€4interprettheimprovedneighbourlytiesinNorth

America”（解释说明改善了的北美睦邻关系）。

23、Theterm"thesouth'inthethirdparagraphmostprobablyrefersto.

A^theSouthernpartofAmerica

B、Mexico

C、theSouthernhemisphere

D、theSouthAfrica

标准答案：B

知识点解析：这是一道细节题，测试考生准确理解原文指代词的能力。本文论述美

国和其邻国（加拿大和墨西哥）之间的关系。美国的北部邻国是加拿大，南部邻国是

墨西哥。由此可以推断出本题的正确选项是B“Mcxico”（墨西哥）。

24、Accordingtothetext,AmericaandCanadahaveyettoreachconsensuson.

A、lumberexport

B、theIraqreconstruction

C、homomarriage

D^defenseoftheworld'slongestborder

标准答案：C」

知识点解析：这是一道细节题，测试考生理解原文信息以及进行同义词替换的能

力。本题的答案信息来源在第四段的第三句，该句的大意是：“加拿大人在许多问

题上与美国人发生分歧，如伊拉克战争和同性恋婚姻等问题:由此可以推断出本

题的正确选项是C“homomarriage”（同性婚姻）。

25、Inthelastparagraphofthetext,theauthorintendstodefine.

A、thefrictionofthenorthernborder

B、thesignificanceofinternationalties

C^thedifferencebetweenCanadiansandMexicans

D^theimportanceofbeinggoodneighbours

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是一道细节题,测试考生识别原文中心主旨句的能力"本题的答

案信息来源在尾段的最后两句话。这两句话的大意是：“不管怎样，美国人依赖于

其邻国来取得繁荣、能源和安全方面的帮助。这三个国家显示出一些真诚的理解是

必要的由此可以推断本文作者在尾段所强调的观点与全文的中心主旨一致，即

强调友好的睦邻关系。可见本题的正确选项是D“theimportanceofbeinggood

neighbours”（友好邻邦的重耍性）。

MWemustn*tdelayanylonger...,swallowingisdifficult...andbreathing,that,salso

difficult.Thosemusclesareweakeningtoo...,wemustn'tdelayanylonger.'*Thesewere

thewordsofDutchman.CeesVanWendeldeJoodeaskinghisdoctortohelphimdie.

Affectedwithaseriousdisease,VanWendelwasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandhe

knewtherewasnohopeofrecoveryandthathisconditionwasrapidlydeteriorating.Van

Wendel'slastthreemonthsoflifebeforebeinggivenafinal,lethalinjectionbyhisdoctor

werefilmedandfirstshownontelevisionlastyearintheNetherlands.Theprogramme

hassincebeenboughtby20countriesandeachtimeitisshown,itstartsanationwide

debateonthesubject.TheNetherlandsistheonlycountryinEuropewhichpermits

euthanasia,althoughitisnottechnicallylegalthere.However,doctorswhocarryout

euthanasiaunderstrictguidelinesintroducedbytheDutchParliamenttwoyearsagoarc

usuallynotprosecuted.Theguidelinesdemandthatthepatientisexperiencingextreme

suffering,thatthereisnochanceofacure,andthatthepatienthasmaderepeated

requestsforeuthanasia.Inadditiontothis,aseconddoctormustconfirmthatthese

criteriahavebeenmetandthedeathmustbereportedtothepolicedepartment.Should

doctorsbeallowedtotakethelivesofothers?Dr.WilfredVanOijen,CeesVanWendel's

doctor,explainshowhelooksatthequestion:"Well,itsnotasifI'mplanningtomurder

acrowdofpeoplewithamachinegun.Inthatcase,killingistheworstthingIcan

imagine.Butthatsentirelydifferentfrommyworkasadoctor.IcareforpeopleandItry

toensurethattheydon'tsuffertoomuch.Thafsaverydifferentthing."Manypeople,

though,aretotallyagainstthepracticeofeuthanasia.Dr.AndrewFerguson,Chairmanof

theorganizationHealthcareOpposedtoEuthanasia,saysthat"Inthevastmajorityof

euthanasiacases,whatthepatientisactuallyaskingforissomethingelse.Theymaywant

ahealthprofessionaltoopenupcommunicationforthemwiththeirlovedonesor

family-there'snearlyalwaysanotherquestionbehindthequestion."Britainalsohasa

strongtraditionofhospices—specialhospitalwhichcareonlyforthedyingandtheir

specialneeds.CicelySaunders,presidentoftheNationalHospiceCouncilandafounder

memberofthehospicemovement,arguesthateuthanasiadoesn'ttakeintoaccountthat

therearewaysofcaringforthedying.Sheisalsoconcernedthatallowingeuthanasia

wouldunderminetheneedforcareandconsiderationofawiderangeofpeople:It'svery

easyinsocietynowfortheelderly,thedisabledandthedependenttofeelthattheyare

burdens,andthereforethattheyoughttooptout.Ithinkthatanythingthatlegallyallows

theshorteningoflifedoesmakethosepeoplemorevulnerable."Manyfindthis

prohibitionofanindividual'srighttodiepaternalistic.Althoughtheyagreethatlifeis

importantandshouldberespected,theyfeelthatthequalityoflifeshouldnotbeignored.

Dr.VanOijenbelievesthatpeoplehavethefundamentalfighttochoosefbrthemselvesif

theywant'todie:"Whatthosepeoplewhoopposeeuthanasiaaretellingmeisthatdying

peoplehaven'ttheright.Andthatwhenpeopleareveryill,weareallafraidoftheir

death.Buttherearesituationswheredeathisafriend.Andinthosecases,whynot?"But

"whynot?"isaquestionwhichmightcausestrongemotion.ThefilmshowingCeesVan

Wendel'sdeathwasbothmovingandsensitive.Hisdoctorwasclearlyafamilyfriend;

hiswifehadonlyherhusbandsinterestsatheart.Some,however,wouldarguethatit

wouldbedangeroustousethisparticularexampletosupportthe-caseforeuthanasia.Not

allpatientswouldreceivesuchahighlevelofindividualcareandattention.

26、Whatdoeseuthanasiamean?

A、Awayofkillingoneself

B、Awayofendingapatient'sli佗naturally

C、Thepainlesskillingofpeoplewhoareincurablyillorveryold

D、Amurderbythedoctor

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。“安乐死”这一说法考生应该不会陌生，近年来各国议会专业

人士都在发表自己看法，因此很容易选出答案C。

27、HowmanycountriesinEuropepermiteuthanasia?

A、AllcountriesexceptHolland

Onlytwo

C、None

D、Onlyone

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。文章在第四段首句提至『荷兰是欧洲唯一允许安乐死的国家

"o因此选D。

28、WheneuthanasiaiscarriedoutintheNetherlands,thedoctor.

A、candoitaccordingtohisownexperience

B、shouldfollowtheguidelinespresentedbytheParliament

C^candoitaccordingtopatient'srequests

D、canadopttheadviceofthepatient'sfamilymembers

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。文章在第四段第二句提出凡是在遵循指导原则的医生不会被

起诉，接下来又提到怎样的病人才能享有安乐死。

29、Whoisagainsteuthanasia?.

A、Dr.wilfredVanQijen

B、Dr.AndrewFerguson

C、CicelySaunders

D^BothBandC

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。作者在第七段和第八段分别列举安德鲁.福格医生和茜西莉.

桑德斯对安乐死的态度，得出结论两人都持反对意见。

30、Accordingtothosewhoopposeeuthanasia,CeesVanWendePsease.

A、isagoodexample

isaveryvaluableexample

C、isanexceptionalexample

D、isaconvincingexample

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。作者在首段和第二段提出CessVanWand日吞咽困难，呼吸

也困难，肌肉正在变得软弱无力，不能清楚讲话，无康复希望，病情在迅速恶化

等。这些与反对者在第七、八段谈到的看法不同，可见这是一例外。

Comeon,myfellowwhitefolks,wehavesomethingtoconfess.Outwithit,friends,the

biggestsecretknowntowhitessincetheinventionofpowderedrouge:welfareisawhite

program.Thenumbersgolikethis:61%ofthepopulationreceivingwelfare,listedas

"means-testedcashassistance"bytheCensusBureau,isidentifiedaswhite,whileonly

33%isidentifiedasblack.Thesenumbersnotwithstanding,theRepublicanversionof

"politicalcorrectness1'hasgivenus"welfarecheat*'asanewtermforAfricanAmerican

sincetheearlydaysofRonaldReagan.Ourconfessionsurelystands:whitefolkshave

beengobblingupthewelfarebudgetwhileblamingsomeoneelse.Butit'sworsethan

that.IfwclookatSocialSecurity,whichisanotherformofwelfare,althoughitisoften

mistakenforanindividualinsuranceprogram,thenwhitesaretheoneswhoarecrowding

thetrough.Wereceivealmosttwiceasmuchpercapita,foranaggregateadvantageio

ourraceof$10billionayear-muchmorethanthe$3.9billionadvantageAfrican

Americangainfromtheirdisproportionateshareofwelfare.Onesadreason:whiteslive

anaverageofsixyearslongerthanAfricanAmericans,meaningthatyoungblack

workershelpsubsidizeahugeandgrowing"over-class1'ofwhiteretirees.Idonotseeour

confessionbringingmuchrelief.There'sareasonforresentment,thoughithasmoreto

dowithclassthanwithrace.Whitepeoplearcpoortoo,andinnumbersfarexceeding

anyofourmoregenerouslypigmentedsocialgroups.Andpovertyasdefinedbythe

governmentisavastunderestiinationoftheeconomicterrorthatpersistsatincomes一

suchas$20,000oreven$40,000andabove—thatweliketothinkofasmiddleclass.The

problemisnotthatwelfareistoogeneroustoblacksbutthatsocialwelfareingeneralis

toostingytoallconcerned.Naturally,whitesintheswelling"nearpoor"categoryresent

thenotionofwholeracessupposedlyfrolickingattheirexpense.Whites,nearpoorand

middleclass,needhelptoo-asdothemanyAfricanAmericans.Sowcwhitefolkshave

achoice.Wecankeeppretendingthatwelfareisblackprogramandaschemefor

transferringourearningstothepocketsofshiftless,dark-skinnedpeople.Orwecanclear

ourthroats,blushprettilyandadmitthatwearehurtingtoo-forcashassistancewhen

we'redownandout,forhealthinsurance,forcollegeaidandalltherest.Racial

scapegoatinghasitscharms,Iwilladmit:thesurgeofrighteousanger,eventhefun—for

thoseinclined-ofwearingsheetsandburningcrosses.Buttherearebetter,nobler

sourcesofwhitepride,itseemstome.Rememberthis:onlywecantruly,deeplyblush.

31、WhitefolksinU.S.areatagreateradvantageinthat.

A、theyobtainmorebenefitsfromwelfare.

B、theyshowcontemptforAfricanAmericans.

C^theyblametheblacksforwelfaretheft.

D、theyhaveachoicetotheirbestinterests.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

32>Itcaninferredfromthe2ndparagraphthat.

A、blackworkersaregenerousunlesswronglyaccused,

whiteshavealongerlifeexpectancythanblacks.

C、blackpeoplemaycontributemuchtowelfarebudgets.

D、whitesreceivelessfinancialaidthanblacks.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

33、Theexpression"racialscapegoating"(Para.4)bestdenotes.

A^angeratthemercyoflaws.

B、anaidintermsofprejudice.

C、reliefforthesakeofclasses.

D、avictiminthenameofraces.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、TheauthorismostcriticaloftheWhites'

A、confession.

B、hypocrisy.

C、arrogance.

D、hysteria.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、Thefunctionofthelastparagraphis.

A^toreversethepreviouslyexpressedthoughts.

B、toadvancethefinalargument.

C^toheappraisesupontheprideofthewhites.

D^toechothethesisstatement.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

Workhardandgetahead.That'swhateveryAmericanlearnsgrowingup,butfor

millionsofthem,it'sgettinghardertotellthedifferencebetweenworkinghardandbeing

aworkaholic."Thelinehappenswhenyoucomehomeonedayandyourhusbandisn't

there,andyoudidn'trealizeheleftyouaweekago/'StephenViscusisaid.Viscusiis

CEOoftheViscusiGroup.Theactualreasonsforbecomingaworkaholicarequite

varied.Itmightinvolveaneedinsomeonetoalwaysstayastepaheadoftheirco­

workersoranyoneelsetheyperceiveasacompetitivethreat.Itcouldbeadesiretonever

leavetheofficeatnightwithouttyingupanylooseendssuchasreturninganemail,

writingamemoorgettingapackageout.Itmightbeasingle-mindedcommitmentto

beingsuccessful,gainingpromotionafterpromotion,nomatterwhatthecost.

WorkaholicsAnonymous—a"fellowshipofindividualswhosharetheirexperience,

strengthandhopewitheachotherthattheymaysolvetheircommonproblemsandhelp

otherstorecoverfromworkholism"—lists20questionstoaskyourselfifyouthinkyou

maybeaworkaholic,includingwhetheryougetmoreexcitedaboutworkthananything

elseandworkmorethan40hoursperweek.viscusisaidagoodindicationthatyou'rea

workaholicisifyouareconstantlyelectronicallyconnectedtotheoffice,whetherbycell

phone,BlackBerryorlaptop.Workaholism'seffectsonthefamilycanbedevastating,

Viscusisaid,withtheconsequenceseventuallymanifestingthemselves,astheywould

withanyotheraddiction,inbrokenmarriagesandbrokenhomes.BrianRobinson,a

professorattheUniversityofNorthCarolina,told"20/20”in1999thatchildrenof

workaholicsdevelopedthesamedisordersaschildrenofalcoholics,suchasdepression

andanxiety,thatcrippledthemlaterinlife.Viscusiofferedthefollowingtipsfor

workaholicstryingtomakeachange.Don'ttakeoneveryproject.Don'tsayyesto

everyone.Learntheartofsaying"Ican'thandleanymore."Also,doesn*titseemlike

exerciseisgoodforeverything?Itisrecommendedaspartofeveryself-helpregime-

well,thisisnodifference.Exerciseandyogahelpyou,andifsthehardestplacetoget

anyworkdonc.Nocellphonesallowed!Similartoahobby,doingsomethingwithout

askingforanypaymentinreturnletsyoufocusonsomethingotherthanworkoryour

job.Itcangiveyouadifferentperspectiveandadifferentwaytomeetnewpeople.

36、WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasreasonsforworkaholic?

A、Effortstogaincompetitiveedgeovercolleagues.

Desirestoleavetheofficeonlywheneverythingisdone.

C^Attemptstoavoidfamilyproblems.

D、Commitmentstogetsuccessandpromotion.

标准答案：c

知识点露析：细节题；题目中的reasons是我们可以用来从原文中查找相关信息的

定位词，在原文的第二段我们可以找到相关信息。从这一段落我们可以看到，原文

对于引起“工作狂”的原因进行了列举，比较阅读4个选项，A选项的表达是原文的

“toalwaysstayastepaheadoftheirco-workcrs”为同义表达，不能选。B选项和原文

的"adesiretoneverleavetheofficeatnightwithouttyingupanyloose”内涵——致，不

能选。C选项在原文中找不到相关的信息，是我们需要的正确答案。D选项则是原

文中“asingle-mindedcommitmenttobeingsuccessful»gainingpromotionafter

promotion”的转述表达。

37、WorkaholicsAnonymousismostlikelytobea.

A、person

B、organization

C、therapy

D、symptom

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题；要求我们判断WorkaholicsAnonymous的属性，在原文的第

三段我们可以看到关于WorkaholicsAnonymous的相关信息。通过对原文

WorkaholicsAnonymous之后的破折号后面的解释，我们可以知道这是一个互助性

的应对“工作狂”问题的一个团体，所以B选项是我们需要的正确答案。

38、WhatsignalsyoubecomingaworkaholicaccordingtoViscusi?

A、Endlessdesirestomakecalls.

B、Longhoursofcomputeruse.

C>Constantneedstoconnecttotheoffice.

D、Heavydependencyonelectronicdevices.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题；题目中的Viscusi可以帮助我们从原文定位信息，我们在原

文的第四段找到了相关的信息，根据原文的说法，要判断一个人是不是成为.'工作

狂”，可以有一些标志性的信息。这里的“agoodindicationthatyou'reaworkahOlic”

和题目中的“whatsignalsyoubecomingaworkaholic”是同样的意思。A选项将原文

中的细节信息扩大，原文是用“bycellphone”来作为对于那些没有办法把工作放下

的表达，而不是说一直打电话就意味着是工作狂，需要考生去区分其中的差别。B

选项和D选项的错误类别都和A选项类似，而C选项所表达的才是这个段落的信

息所围绕的中心，也是我们需要的正确的答案。

39、Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheeffectsofworkaholiconfamilies?

A、Constructive.

B、Destructive.

C>adouble-edgedsword.

D、Vague.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：作者态度观点题；根据题目中的定位词effects,我们可以从原文的第

五段中寻找相关信息。谈到工作狂对家庭的影响，原文所使用的表达是

“Workaholism'seffectsonthefamilycanbedevastating"，所以这里所使用的

devastating的同义表达就是我们所需要的，也就是B选项。A选项和B选项是反义

表达，也和原文所表达的意义相反，不能选。C选项表示“双刃剑”，只有当我们在

原文中同时找到了关于工作狂对家庭的正面的和负面的影响的时候，我们才可以选

这个选项。D选项所说的“模糊不清”与原文在段落开头就开宗明义地点明了这种影

响的性质是不符合的。

40、WhichoneofthefollowingisNOToneofthesuggestionsgiveninthelast

paragraph?

A、BlockOffmeforFriendsandFamily.

B、LearntoDelegateWorktoOthers.

C^TryanExerciseRoutine.

D、ConsiderVolunteeringtoGetaFreshPerspective.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题；在原文的最后一段中，对于如何应对和解决工作狂的问题，

作者列举了Viscusi所提供的一系列建议，题目需要我们选择的是原文中没有提到

的建议。比较阅读4个选项，A选项在原文中没有体现，也是我们需要寻找的正确

答案。B选项在原文中是以反向表达的方式呈现的，也就是“Don3takeonevery

project”。C选项的内容在原文是以问句的方式呈现的“doesn'titseemlikeexerciseis

goodfbreverything?,,oD选项在原文“doingsomethingwithoutaskingforanypayment

inreturn”中也有体现。

三、阅读（补全短文）（本题共5题，每题1.0分，共

5分。）

Youaregoingtoreadatextabouttheapproachestocreatingchampionship,followedby

alistofexamples.Choosethebestexample.（41）Whatdoyouneedinordertobea

recordbreaker?Sportsexpertsagreethatthesinglemostimportantfactorincreatinga

championisgeneticmake-up,thepossessionofgenesthatimpartaninnateabilityto

strideleap,burnenergyefficientlyorsucklotsofoxygenfromtheair."Thegreatathletes

aregenuinestatisticaloutliers...physiologicalfreaks,"sayssportsscientistCraigSharpof

BrunelUniversityinMiddlesex,UK.(42)Howwillwefindorcreatethenextgeneration

ofchampionathletes?Themostlikelywayistowidenoursearchtofindsomeonewitha

geneticmakeupthatallov/shimorhertosurpassotherathletes.WhenEastAfrican

runnersbegancompetinginternationally,forexample,itbecameapparentthattheirlight

framemakethemuniquelyeconomicalintheiruseofenergy.(43)Havewereachedthe

limitofhumanperformance?No,butrecordsarebeingbrokenbyevernarrowermargins.

Whenstatisticiansplothowthebestperformanceinagiveneventchangesovertime,

theyseethegraphlevelingoff.Andtheshortertheevent,thesmallerarethesliversof

timebeingshavedoff.SoalthoughPaulaRadcliffehasslicedwholesecondsoffthe

marathonworldrecord,sprintersareimprovingbymerehundredthsofasecond.(44)

Willweeverreachanabsolutelimit?Theoretically,anabsolutetimetohowfarorfast

thehumanbodycangodoes,butnwhereitiswedon'tknow,"saysMillar.Perhapsthe

onlywaywecanrecognizetheultimateperformancewillberetrospectively,aftera

recordhasstoodforyears.(45)Infuture,willathletessimplytesttheirlimitsinnew

ways?Asrecordsbecomeharderandhardertobreak,wemaystartcomparingathletesby

otherstandards,suchasthenumberofgoldmedalsortheirperformanceovertime.Lance

Armstrong'ssixconsecutivewinsintheTourdeFrance,forexample,mayneverbe

surpassed."Theelitemightbedefinedbyhowmanytimestheywin”,saysMillar.A.

Athletesmightalsoinventnewsportstotestthemselves.Theemergenceofthetriathlon

inthe1970swasfuelledbyrunners,swimmersandcyclistslookingforanewchallenge;

itmadeitsdebutasanOl