【单元精练】2022-2023学年上学期高一英语期中考试-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版2020）

2022-2023学年上学期高一英语期中考试（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共30分，略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFunthingstodoinhighschoolLearnanotherlanguageYourschoolmightbeholdingforeignlanguagesclasses,sothisisagreatwaytostartyourlanguagelearningjourney!Ifyouwantmoreself-pacedlearning,appslikeDuolingoareeasilyaccessible(可使用的)onourmobilephones.Asourworldbecomesmoreinterconnected,it’salwaysgoodtolearnanotherlanguageortwo.Aimforasemester(学期)ofstraightAThiscanbeadifficulttaskbutnotimpossibletoachieve,aslongasyouputintherightamountofworkandeffort.Ifyouarestruggling(挣扎)withyourgrades,youcanhostorjoingroupstudieswithyourclassmates!Don’tbedisheartenedifyouarenotabletogetanAinasemester.What’simportantishavingthedrivetogoforward.Asafamouspersononcesaid,“Hewhowouldclimbaladdermustbeginatthebottom.ExperienceanothercultureCultureandtraditionaresomethingthatallhumansshare.Nomatterwherewecomefrom,wealwaysbringourculturewithus.Peoplecomingfromdifferentculturesmaybeamongyourfriendsorneighbors.Youcangotoamuseum,readabook,ortrynewfoodinyourarea.Remembertokeepanopenmindandtakethetimetolearnaboutthem.BringashareabletreattoclassIfyouknowyourwayaroundthekitchen,youcanimpressyourclassbymakingandbringingthemadelicioustreat!Notonlywillthismaketheirstomachshappy,butyou’llalsobond(联系)thewholeclasstogether.Justdon’tforgettocheckwithyourteacherfirstbeforebringingone.1．Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttolearnalanguageatyourownspeed?A．Gotoamuseumtoreadbooks. B．Attendanotherlanguageclass.C．LearnitonanapplikeDuolingo. D．Joingroupstudieswithyourclassmates.2．What’sthekeyifyoucan’tgetanAinasemester?A．Keepinganopenmind. B．Askingyourteachersforhelp.C．Changingyourstudymethod. D．Havingthedrivetogoforward.3．Whatwillprobablybetheresultifyoubringatreattoclass?A．Experiencingdifferentcultures. B．Makingyourteacherangryandanxious.C．Makingsomestudentshaveastomachache. D．Makingyourclassmateshappyandunited.BOurroomwasonthesecondfloorbutyoucouldstillheartheroaroftheoceanandseethestarsatnight.Iusedtotakelongwalksalongthewater.Thefoodintownwaswonderfulandthepeoplewereveryfriendly.Theareawasveryquiet,peacefulandfairlydeserted(空寂无人的).Thelasteveningofourvacation,however,weallheardstrangefootstepsfollowingcloselybehindusaswewerewalkinguptoourroomintheholidaycenter.Weturnedaroundandnoticedafairlyyoungmanmovingveryrapidlyacrossthebeachandgettingclosetous.Hewastallandworeabaseballcap.Wecouldn’tseehisfaceandhewasapproaching(接近)usveryrapidly.Theman’sactionsmademydadveryanxious.Dadwarnedusthatwe’dbettertrytomakeittoourhotelroomasquicklyaspossible.Ididn’tlikemydad’svoice.Icouldhearanxietyinit.Itwaslateandwewereallalone.Wedidn’thaveanycellphonesonus.IneversawDadasanxiousashewasthenandIknewthatsomethingwasterriblywrong.ThesenseoffearstartedtooverwhelmMomandme.Wehadhadsuchagoodtimeintown.Now,thenightwasrapidlyturningintoadangeroussituation.Wecouldheartheman’sfootstepsgettingcloser.Dad’sfacewasalmostpale.Theso-calledintruder(侵入者)hadmovednearerandnearerwhenallofasudden,thenearbyvending(自动贩卖)machinestartedgoingcrazyandspittingoutcansofsoda!Thenoiseactuallyscaredtheintruderandheranoutofsight.Myparentswereshaking,butweallturnedaroundtoseewhohadputmoneyintothevendingmachinedownstairs,andactuallysavedus,butnoonewasaroundatall.Notasoul.It’sonevacationIwillneverforget.4．Wheredidtheauthorspendhervacation?A．Attheseaside. B．Nearalake. C．Inavillage. D．Inamountain.5．Whathappenedonthelasteveningoftheirvacation?A．Theylosttheirway. B．Theircellphonesweremissing.C．Theirmoneywasstolen. D．Theywerefollowedbyastranger.6．Whatwastheauthor’sfather’sreactiononthelasteveningoftheirvacation?A．Hewassomewhatfearful. B．Hedidn’tknowwhattodoatall.C．Hedidn’ttakewhathappenedseriously. D．Hewasquitecalmandcontrolledthesituation.7．Whathelpedthemgetoutofthetrouble?A．Theirquickaction. B．Timelyhelpfromayoungman.C．Theyoungman’swarning. D．Thenoisefromthevendingmachine.CWhenweseeapersonintrouble,thefirstideathatcomestoourmindistolendahand.Butwhatifweseeananimalintrouble,doesthesameruleapply?Thisquestionwasraisedafteragroupofpenguins(企鹅)weresavedfromanicygully(峡谷)inAntarctica.ItwasfilmedfortheBBCwildlifeseriesDynasties.Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope(斜坡)sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm.Viewerswatchingthisfilmsighedinrelief.“I’msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn’tbothering,right?”viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.However,othersthinkhumaninterference(干涉)isunnatural.“Youcan’thavesunshinethroughoutyourlife.Tohavedoneanythingelsewouldonlymakemattersworse.”saidtheshow’screatorDavidAttenborough,accordingtoTheTimes.Inthiscase,however,MikeGunton,theexecutiveproduceroftheseries,saidthatthiswasaone-offsituation.“Therewerenoanimalsgoingtosufferbyinterfering.Youweren’ttouchingtheanimalsanditwasjustfeltbydoingthis…Theyhadthechancenottohavetokeepslippingdowntheslope.”hetoldtheBBC．SuchcasesarefamiliartoPaulNicklen,wildlifephotographerforNationalGeographic.HetoldMetro,“Ifit’severapredator(捕食者)situation,nomatterhowgut-wrenching,youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou’rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear.”“There’snorulebookinthosesituations.Youcanonlyrespondtothefactsthatarerightthereinfrontofyou.”WillLawson,theshow’sdirector,toldDailyMail.8．Whathasledtoaheatedmediadiscussion?A．Therescueofpenguinsfromagully.B．People’svariousopinionsonpenguins.C．Somepenguins’sufferingsinagully.D．WaysoffilmingtheseriesDynasties.9．Whoholdsapositiveattitudetowardshumaninterference?A．DavidAttenborough. B．WillLawson.C．PaulNicklen. D．KathrynShaw.10．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheword“gut­wrenching”underlinedinParagraph6?A．Makingoneconfused. B．Makingoneheartbroken.C．Puttingoneindanger. D．Makingoneamazed.11．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．NecessityofLendingaHandtoAnimalsB．ProtectAnimalsFromDyingOutC．HumanInterferenceonDangerousAnimalsD．HelpAnimalsinTroubleorNotDInShakespeare’sHAMLET,Poloniusaskstheprince,“Whatareyoureading,myLord?”Hamletreplies,“Words,words,words.”Either,asislikely,Hamletwasn’tinterestedinwhathewasreading,or,lesslikely,hedidn’tunderstandthewordshewasreading.Inthiscase,PoloniusshouldhavelentHamletagooddictionary.Dictionariesareessentialtoolsforpeoplewholiketoread.TherearesomanywordsinEnglishthateventhemosteducatedpersonwillsometimesmeetanunfamiliarwordandhavetolookitup.Languageskeepchanging,too,withnewwordsconstantlybeingaddedandnewmeaningsbeingappliedtooldwords.Forexample,the12theditionofXinhuaDictionary,themostpopulardictionaryinChina,hasaddednewwordssuchas“chuxin”“fensi”“erweima”etc.Asfornewmeanings,“girl”oncemeant“asmallchildofeithersex”.And“naughty”didn’tmeanyouwere“enjoyingplayingtricks”;itmeantyouwerepoor.Aprinteddictionarycan’tkeeppacewithallthechanges,whichiswhymostdictionarieshavewebsitesandappstohelpyoukeepup-to-date.However,Istillpreferprinteddictionariesbecausetheygiveyoumoredefinitionsandmoreexamplesofhowawordisused.Evenasimpleword,suchas“set”,has430meanings(themostofEnglishwords)butanonlinedictionarywouldonlyoffertwoorthree.Aprinteddictionaryalsogivesyoutheopportunitytodiscovernewwordsasyourunyourfingerdownthepagelookingforthewordyouwant.Thereisno“official”Englishdictionary,buttheOxfordEnglishDictionaryisconsideredtobethebest.ForEnglishlanguagelearners,however,IwouldrecommendtheCollinsCOBUILDDictionaryforAdvancedLearners.Hamlet,bytheway,wasDanishandacollegestudent.HewouldhaveappreciatedtheCollinsDictionarytohelphimselfwithhiswords,words,words.Thisdictionaryhasover40,000wordsandgivesyoufull-sentencedefinitionswithgoodexamplesofhowwordsareused.12．What’sthefunctionofparagraph1?A．Tointroducethetopic.B．ToletthereadersknowmoreaboutHAMLET.C．Toarousereaders’interestinShakespeare.D．Toexplainwhenit’snecessarytouseadictionary.13．Whydoestheauthormention“girl”inparagraph2?A．ToshowhowpowerfulXinhuaDictionaryis.B．Tosupporttheidea:languageskeepchanging.C．Toprovenewwordsarebeingaddedtodictionaries.D．Toimply“girl”alsomeans“boy”insomecases.14．What’stheauthor’sattitudetoprinteddictionaries?A．Supportive. B．Indifferent.C．Negative. D．Critical.15．What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthelastparagraph?A．Tointroducethehistoryofdictionaries.B．Tocallonlearnerstousedictionaries.C．TorecommendCollinsDictionary.D．ToexplainwhyHamletlikesCollins.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DoyouhaveaheadacheaboutlearningEnglish?Herearesometipsthatmayhelpyoutounderstandthelanguagebetter.____16____Thebiggestproblemthatmostpeoplefaceistheirownfear.____17____Somesaythattheywilllookstupid.Someareafraidthattheycannotgetthemselvesunderstood.Sotheydon’tsayanythingatall.Don’tdothis.ThefastestwaytolearnEnglishistosayitagainandagainuntilyougetitright.Likeeverythingelse,Englishrequirespractice.Don’tletalittlefearstopyoufromgettingwhatyouwant.Surround(围绕)YourselfwithEnglish____18____.PutEnglishbooksaround,listentoEnglishbroadcastsandwatchEnglishmovies.SpeakEnglishwithyourfriendswheneveryoucan.ThemoreEnglishmaterialthatyouhavearoundyou,themoreprogressyouwillmake.ListentoEnglishMusicMusiccanbeaveryeffectivemethodoflearningEnglish.____19____.Thebestwaytolearn,though,istogetthelyrics(歌词)youarelisteningtoandsingthemastheartistsings.ThereareseveralgoodInternetsiteswhereyoucanfindthelyricsformostsongs.____20____.Andifyouliketosing,evenbetter!A．SpeakWithoutFearB．Infact,itisawaytohelpusunderstandEnglish.C．ListentoNativeSpeakersasMuchasPossible.D．Somepeopleworrythattheywon’tsaythingscorrectly.E．Ifyoulistentothenews,youcanalsoheardifferentaccents.F．ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistosurroundyourselfwithit.G．Inthiswayyoucanpracticeyourlisteningandreadingatthesametime.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastyear,ItoldmyfamilythatIdidn’twantorneedanythingformybirthday.Instead,I____21____themtothinkofawaytosharea____22____intheirworldforme.Myhusbandandmydaughterdidsomethingdifferent,but____23____.Theweekofmybirthdaymyhusbandwenttoalocalcafeandtoldawaitressthathewantedto____24____payforthebreakfastofafamily.Thewaitresswas____25____andsaiditwasherlastdayatworkthereandthishadnever____26____.Whenthefamilyfinishedeating,thewaitresstoldthemtheir____27____hadbeenpaid.Themomstartedcryingandthedadstoodup,tryingto____28____whomighthavedoneit,butmyhusbandwasoutside____29____thewholething.Hetoldmehehadsuchawonderful____30____inhisheartandhewouldliketo____31____itafewmoretimes.Mydaughterwasonatightbudget(手头很紧)soshe____32____theweeksmilingmoreatpeople,andlettingsomeonegobeforeheratthemarket.Shejusttookthetimeduringmybirthdayweektoslowdownandbe____33____andkindtoastrangerandherco-workers.WhenwefinallyallgottogetherforMother’sDayandmybirthday,everyonewasintearsaseachperson____34____whattheyhaddone.Asyoucansee,itwasthe____35____birthdayever!21．A．ordered B．encouraged C．wanted D．permitted22．A．story B．feeling C．duty D．kindness23．A．crazy B．wonderful C．interesting D．silly24．A．secretly B．normally C．quickly D．partly25．A．frightened B．amazed C．satisfied D．disappointed26．A．failed B．mattered C．existed D．happened27．A．coffee B．bill C．money D．lunch28．A．findout B．lookafter C．thinkof D．lookon29．A．asking B．listening C．watching D．telling30．A．day B．feeling C．experience D．idea31．A．say B．discuss C．do D．cost32．A．wasted B．found C．spent D．took33．A．healthy B．simply C．friendly D．honest34．A．shared B．practiced C．recorded D．watched35．A．biggest B．best C．longest D．quietest第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Morethan20,000peoplehavesignedforcallingontheNSWgovernmenttoban(禁止)mobilephonesinpublichighschoolssothatchildren____36____(actual)spendtheirbreaktimetalkingtoeachother.Ahighschoolstudentcameupwiththeidea.Hesaidhehadnotbeenabletomakenewfriendswithhisclassmatestotally____37____(addict)totheirphonescreens.AheadteacherRachelChappellsaidmanyteachers,parentsandstudentssupportedtheban.“The____38____(big)problemisthedistraction.Ifsomethingisbeepinginyourpocket,thatisnotgoodforyour____39____(concentrate)onlearning,”shesaid.“Alsoplaytimeisreallyimportant.Iremembersittingaroundwithmymateschatting____40____whatisgoingonintheirlivesandifstudentsdon’thavethechancetodothatbecausethey’relookingataphoneallthetime,that’s____41____worry.”Butthestate’sEducationMinister,SarahMitchell,hasrecommendednopolicy(政策)change,allowingheadteachers____42____(set)theirownruleswhenitcomestomobilephones.“Whilemobilescancausetrouble,studentsneedtolearnhowtousetheirphonesresponsibly,shesaid,____43____(add)thatparentsalsohavearoletoplayinchanginghowmobilephones____44____(use).“Itisnotthetechnologybuthowweusemobilephones_____45_____istheproblem.”第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jenny询问你进入高中后的学习和生活情况。请用英语给他回一封信，主要内容包括：1.学校印象;2.校园活动;3.学习情况。注意：1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯;3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。DearJenny,Knowingthatyouareinterestedinmynewschoollife,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Whatisafamily?Whydoesitmatter?Whatdoesitteachusthatwecan’tlearnonourown?Thesequestionsseemespeciallyrelevantintheholidayseasonwhenitisoftenourtraditiontogatherasfamiliesandcelebratetogether.Idon’trecallgettingmanygiftsfromthem.Irememberthesenseofbelonging,ofbeingpartofsomethingthatassuredmeIwaslovedandnotalone.Idelightedinthelaughing,playingandfightingwithmycrazycousins.Iwatchedmygranddadandunclessitontheporch,rainorshine,smokingandjoking,arguingaboutpoliticsandtryingtosolvetheproblemsoftheworld.Ilistenedtomygrandmother,motherandauntsstir

potsonthestoveandtalkabouttheirlives,hopes,dreamsanddisappointments,andgossipaboutanysisterwhofailedtoshowup.Thefoodwasalwaysplentifulanddelicious.Butforme,thefoodwasneverthehighlight.Thehighlightwassimplybeingtogether.Afamilyshouldbealwaysseparated？____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whenitcomesto“together”,itoccurredtomethat____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．C2．D3．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四件在高中做的有趣的事。1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ifyouwantmoreself-pacedlearning,appslikeDuolingoareeasilyaccessible(可使用的)onourmobilephones.(如果你想要更多自主节奏的学习，像Duolingo这样的应用程序在我们的手机上很容易使用)”可知，如果你想以自己的速度学习一门语言，你应该在Duolingo等应用上学习。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Don’tbedisheartenedifyouarenotabletogetanAinasemester.What’simportantishavingthedrivetogoforward.(如果你一个学期拿不到A，不要灰心丧气。重要的是要有前进的动力)”可知，如果你一个学期都拿不到A，关键是在于有前进的动力。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ifyouknowyourwayaroundthekitchen,youcanimpressyourclassbymakingandbringingthemadelicioustreat!Notonlywillthismaketheirstomachshappy,butyou’llalsobond(联系)thewholeclasstogether.(如果你熟悉厨房，你可以做一顿美味的饭菜给你的同学们留下深刻的印象！这不仅会让他们的胃很舒服，而且你也会把整个班的人联系在一起)”可知，如果你带食物来上课，可能会让你的同学快乐和团结。故选D。4．A5．D6．A7．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者一家度假，遭到入侵者跟踪，最后不知道被谁救下的经历，给作者留下了深刻的印象，是一个令人难忘的假期。4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ourroomwasonthesecondfloorbutyoucouldstillheartheroaroftheoceanandseethestarsatnight.(我们的房间在二楼，但你仍然可以听到海洋的咆哮，看夜晚的星星)”可知，作者度假的地点在海边，故选A。5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thelasteveningofourvacation,however,weallheardstrangefootstepsfollowingcloselybehindusaswewerewalkinguptoourroomintheholidaycenter.Weturnedaroundandnoticedafairlyyoungmanmovingveryrapidlyacrossthebeachandgettingclosetous.(然而，在我们度假的最后一天晚上，当我们走向度假中心的房间时，我们都听到身后紧跟着奇怪的脚步声。我们转过身来，发现一个相当年轻的男人正飞快地穿过海滩，向我们靠近)”以及后文紧张气氛的描述可知，他们是被陌生人跟踪了，故选D。6．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theman’sactionsmademydadveryanxious.Dadwarnedusthatwe’dbettertrytomakeittoourhotelroomasquicklyaspossible.Ididn’tlikemydad’svoice.Icouldhearanxietyinit.(那个男人的行为让我爸爸非常焦虑。爸爸警告我们，我们最好尽快赶到宾馆房间。我不喜欢我爸爸的声音。我能听到里面的焦虑)”可推知，爸爸那天晚上是害怕的，故选A。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Theso-calledintruder(侵入者)hadmovednearerandnearerwhenallofasudden,thenearbyvending(自动贩卖)machinestartedgoingcrazyandspittingoutcansofsoda!Thenoiseactuallyscaredtheintruderandheranoutofsight.(所谓的侵入者已经越来越接近，突然，附近的自动贩卖机开始疯狂地吐出罐装苏打水！噪音实际上吓到了侵入者，他跑的没了踪影)”可知，是自动贩卖机的噪音帮助他们摆脱了困境，故选D。8．A9．D10．B11．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当动物们面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。8．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope(斜坡)sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.(当摄制组看到一群企鹅和它们的幼崽掉进沟里被困在一起时，他们非常焦虑。他们建了一个斜坡，好让几只企鹅能自救。)”和第三段的“Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm.(这起案件引起了国际媒体的广泛关注。)”可知，从峡谷中救出企鹅这一事件引起了大家的热议。故选A。9．推理判断题。根据第三段的““I’msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn’tbothering,right?”viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.(“我很高兴。我理解不直接采取行动，但伸出援助之手并不麻烦，对吧？”观众KathrynShaw在她的脸书上说。)”可推知，KathrynShaw对帮助动物是很赞成的，故选D。10．词句猜测题。根据上文语境大家对干涉动物的行为有不同观点，结合下文的“youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou’rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear(你给我闪开。即使你在看一只雄性北极熊吃掉一只幼熊)”可知，这是个捕食的情景，无论你是多么的心碎，你都不能干预。结合四个选项可知，gut­wrenching意为“令人痛苦的”，和Makingoneheartbroken(令人心碎)意思相近，故选B。11．主旨大意题。阅读文章，并结合第一段“Whenweseeapersonintrouble,thefirstideathatcomestoourmindistolendahand.Butwhatifweseeananimalintrouble,doesthesameruleapply?(当我们看到一个人有麻烦时，我们想到的第一个想法是伸出援手。但是，如果我们看到一只动物陷入困境，同样的规则也适用吗？)”和第二段“Thisquestionwasraisedafteragroupofpenguins(企鹅)weresavedfromanicygully(峡谷)inAntarctica.(这个问题是在一群企鹅从南极洲的冰沟中获救后提出的。)”可知，本文就救助企鹅的视频引发的热议讲述了当动物面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。因此，本文的最佳标题应为D选项“HelpAnimalsinTroubleorNot(是否帮助有困难的动物)”。故选D。12．A13．B14．A15．C【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了字典的作用和更新，阐述了自己更喜欢纸质字典的观点，并向英语学习者推荐了柯林斯字典。12．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Inthiscase,PoloniusshouldhavelentHamletagooddictionary.(在这种情况下，普罗尼尔斯应该借给哈姆雷特一本好字典。)”可知，作者在第一段通过引用《哈姆雷特》中的对话引出文章主题——字典。故选A项。13．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Languageskeepchanging,too,withnewwordsconstantlybeingaddedandnewmeaningsbeingappliedtooldwords.(语言也在不断地变化，新词不断地被添加，旧词被赋予新的含义。)”以及“Asfornewmeanings,‘girl’oncemeant‘asmallchildofeithersex’.(至于新的含义，‘girl’意思曾是‘任何性别的小孩’。)”可知，作者提到“girl”是为了支持“语言在不断变化”的论点。故选B项。14．推理判断题。根据第三段中“However,Istillpreferprinteddictionariesbecausetheygiveyoumoredefinitionsandmoreexamplesofhowawordisused.(然而，我还是更喜欢纸质词典，因为它们能给你更多的定义和单词用法的例子。)”可知，作者对纸质字典表示支持。故选A项。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ForEnglishlanguagelearners,however,IwouldrecommendtheCollinsCOBUILDDictionaryforAdvancedLearners.(然而，对于英语学习者，我推荐《柯林斯COBUILD高级学习者词典》。)”以及“Thisdictionaryhasover40,000wordsandgivesyoufull-sentencedefinitionswithgoodexamplesofhowwordsareused.(这本词典有4万多个单词，并提供了完整的句子定义和很好的例子来说明单词的用法。)”可知，作者要推荐柯林斯词典。故选C项。16．A17．D18．F19．B20．G【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个有助于学习英语的方法。16．上文“DoyouhaveaheadacheaboutlearningEnglish?Herearesometipsthatmayhelpyoutounderstandthelanguagebetter.（你学英语头痛吗？这里有一些技巧可以帮助你更好地理解这门语言。）”可知文章是讲述学英语的一些方法的；下文“Thebiggestproblemthatmostpeoplefaceistheirownfear.（大多数人面临的最大问题是他们自己的恐惧。）”可知下文讲述了学习英语的最大问题是恐惧；选项A“SpeakWithoutFear（无所畏惧地说话）”是一个学习英语的方法，承接了上文所述的内容，引出了下文所述的学习英语与恐惧之间的关系的相关内容，故选A项。17．上文“Thebiggestproblemthatmostpeoplefaceistheirownfear.（大多数人面临的最大问题是他们自己的恐惧。）”这是本段的主旨句，讲述恐惧与学英语之间的关系；下文“Somesaythattheywilllookstupid.Someareafraidthattheycannotgetthemselvesunderstood.（有人说他们看起来很蠢。有些人担心自己无法被理解。）”可知下文在具体阐述人们学英语时会恐惧的原因；选项D“Somepeopleworrythattheywon’tsaythingscorrectly.（有些人担心他们会说错话。）”也是在讲述人们学英语时会恐惧的原因，即担心说错话，与后面两句话构成排比，都是在讲述人们学英语时恐惧的具体原因，与本段主旨相符，故选D项。18．小标题“Surround(围绕)YourselfwithEnglish（用英语把自己包围起来）”；下文“PutEnglishbooksaround,listentoEnglishbroadcastsandwatchEnglishmovies.SpeakEnglishwithyourfriendswheneveryoucan.ThemoreEnglishmaterialthatyouhavearoundyou,themoreprogressyouwillmake.（把英语书放在周围，听英语广播，看英语电影。尽可能和你的朋友说英语。你身边的英语材料越多，你就会取得越大的进步。）”可知在具体阐述标题所述的“用英语把自己包围起来”的具体方式；选项F“ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistosurroundyourselfwithit（学习英语最好的方法就是将你自己置身于其中）”表述了将自己置身于英语中是最好的学习方法，与本段标题所述内容吻合，同时引出了下文对如何置身于其中的方式的具体阐述，故选F项。19．上文“MusiccanbeaveryeffectivemethodoflearningEnglish（音乐可以是学习英语的一种非常有效的方法）”可知在讲述音乐有助于学英语；下文“Thebestwaytolearn,though,istogetthelyrics(歌词)youarelisteningtoandsingthemastheartistsings.（不过，学习的最好方法是找到你正在听的歌词，然后像艺术家一样唱出来。）”可知在讲述具体哪种做法才能使音乐对学英语有最大帮助；选项B“Infact,itisawaytohelpusunderstandEnglish（事实上，这是一种帮助我们理解英语的方法）”此内容是对上句内容的解释说明，解释了为什么音乐可以是学习英语的一种非常有效的办法，即音乐可以帮助我们理解英语，引出了下文对于具体哪种做法才能使音乐对学英语有最大帮助的阐述，故选B项。20．上文“Thebestwaytolearn,though,istogetthelyrics(歌词)youarelisteningtoandsingthemastheartistsings.ThereareseveralgoodInternetsiteswhereyoucanfindthelyricsformostsongs.（不过，学习的最好方法是找到你正在听的歌词，然后像艺术家一样唱出来。有几个不错的网站，你可以找到大多数歌曲的歌词。）”可知提到了最好的方法是找到正在听的歌的歌词，也提到了有不错的网站提供大多数歌曲的歌词；选项G“Inthiswayyoucanpracticeyourlisteningandreadingatthesametime.（这样你可以同时练习听力和阅读。）”本句是上文的结果，即：到网站上去找歌词，像艺术家一样唱出来的结果是可以同时练习听力和阅读，故本句与上文构成逻辑上的衔接，故选G项。21．C22．D23．B24．A25．B26．D27．B28．A29．C30．B31．C32．C33．C34．A35．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者想要一个特殊的生日礼物——希望丈夫和女儿做一件善良的事情。丈夫给一个陌生家庭付早餐费、女儿对别人友好是作者最好的生日礼物，他们一家因为能做善事帮助别人而非常开心，同时作者也度过了一个最好的生日。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我想要他们想出一种方法来分享他们世界里的善良。A.ordered命令，点餐；B.encouraged鼓励；C.wanted想要；D.permitted允许。根据上文“ItoldmyfamilythatIdidn'twantorneedanythingformybirthday”可知，此处用“想要”符合语境，want是原词复现。故选C项。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，我想要他们想出一种方法来分享他们世界里的善良。A.story故事；B.feeling感觉；C.responsibility责任；D.kindness善良。根据下文内容可知，作者的丈夫和女儿都做了好事，故此处用“善良”符合语境，且下文的“andbe13andkindtoastrangerandherco-workers.”也有暗示，kind是原词复现。故选D项。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫和女儿做了不同的事，但都是绝妙的。A.crazy疯狂的；B.wonderful绝妙的；C.interesting有趣的；D.silly愚蠢的。根据下文“Hetoldmehehadsuchawonderful”可知，此处用“绝妙的”符合语境，wonderful是原词复现。故选B项。24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我生日的那周，丈夫去了当地一家咖啡馆，并告诉服务员他想暗自为一个家庭付早餐费。A.secretly暗自地；B.normally正常地；C.quickly快速地；D.partly部分地。根据下文的“tryingto8whomighthavedoneit”可知，这家人不知道是谁付了早餐费，故此处用“暗自”符合语境。故选A项。25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：服务员有点惊讶，说这是她在这儿工作的最后一天，这样的事情从来没有发生过。A.frightened害怕的；B.amazed惊讶的；C.satisfied满意的；D.disappointed失望的。结合常识可知，听到要为陌生家庭付早餐的想法，大部分人都会感到惊讶。故选B项。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：服务员有点惊讶，说这是她在这儿工作的最后一天，这样的事情从来没有发生过。A.failed失败；B.mattered重要；C.existed存在；D.happened发生。结合上下文可知，此处是指帮别人付钱的事在这个咖啡馆是第一次发生，以前从来没有过。故选D项。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这家人吃完饭时，服务员告诉他们已经有人给他们买单了。A.coffee咖啡；B.bill账单；C.money钱；D.lunch午饭。结合上文“payforthebreakfastofafamily”可知，此处考查短语paythebill，意为“买单”。故选B项。28．考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：这位母亲感动的哭了，父亲站起来试图找出是谁做了这件事，而我的丈夫站在外面观察着整件事。A.findout查明，找出；B.lookafter照顾；C.thinkof想，想起；D.lookon袖手旁观。结合上下文可知，此处是指这位父亲站起来看看谁在店里，以便找出做好事的人。故选A项。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲感动的哭了，父亲站起来试图找出是谁做了这件事，而我的丈夫站在外面观察着整件事。A.asking问；B.listening听；C.watching观察；D.telling告诉。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者的丈夫付款之后到店外观察事情的发展。故选C项。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我他心情很好，并且想多做几次。A.day天，日子；B.feeling情绪；C.experience经历，经验；D.idea主意。根据语境“hewouldliketo11itafewmoretimes.”可知，此处是指作者的丈夫因为帮助了别人而心情愉快。故选B项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我他心情很好，并且想多做几次。A.say说；B.discuss讨论；C.do做；D.cost花费。根据语境“itafewmoretimes.”可知，此处是指作者的丈夫以后还想做这种帮助别人的事情。故选C项。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我女儿的手头很紧，所以她花这周的时间多向别人微笑，在超市里让别人走在她前面。A.wasted浪费；B.found发现；C.spent花费；D.took拿，花费。根据后文“theweeksmilingmoreatpeople”可知，此处考查短语spend…indoingsth.,意为“花……来做某事”。故选C项。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她在我生日那周减缓速度，而且友好的、善良的对待陌生人和她的同事。A.healthy健康的；B.simply简单地；C.friendly友好的；D.honest诚实的。根据kind可知，此处用“友好的”符合语境，friendly和kind是同义词。故选C项。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们最终一起度过母亲节和我的生日时，分享他们所做的事情大家都热泪盈眶。A.shared分享；B.practiced练习；C.recorded记录；D.watched观察。根据语境“whattheyhaddone.”可知，此处是指在作者生日的那天，他们一家把作者生日这周自己所做的好事讲出来给大家听，故用“分享”符合语境，故选A项。35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如你所见，这是我有史以来最好的生日。A.biggest最大的；B.best最好的；C.longest最长的；D.quietest最安静的。结合上句内容可知，作者的丈夫和女儿都做了自己力所能及的好事作为作者的生日礼物，故推测作者很开心，认为这是最好的生日。故选B项。36．actually37．addicted38．biggest39．concentration40．about41．a42．toset43．adding44．areused45．