考研英语模拟试卷157

考研英语模拟试卷157

一、完型填空(本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。)

WhatWillBeisanimpressiveandvisionaryguidetothefuture,filledwithinsightson

howinformationtechnologywilltransformourlivesandourworldinthenewcentury.

Theauthor,MichaelDertouzos,stands(1)frommanyoftheforecastersand

commentatorswhobombardusdailywith(2)ofthisfuture.Fortwentyyearshe

hasledoneoftheworld's(3)researchlaboratories,whosemembershavebrought

theworld(4)computers,theEtherNet,andstart-upcompanies.Asavisionary,his

(5)havebeenonthemark:In1981,hedescribedthe(6)ofanInformation

Marketplaceasnatwenty-first-ccnturyvillagemarketplacewherepeopleandcompuiers

buy,sell,andfreelyexchangeinformationandinformationservices."That'sa(7)

descriptionoftheInternetasweknowittoday.Naturally,wedonotagreeonallthe

(8)waysthenewworldwill(9)oraffectus.Thisisasitshouldbe.Thereis

plentyofroomfor(10)ideasanddebateconcerningtherichandpromisingsetting

ahead.What'smoreimportantisthatpeoplebecome(11),andformtheirown

opinions,aboutthechanges(12).Whenit(13)tothatfutureworld,whatwe

do(14)faroutweighsourdifferencesNewbusinesseswillbecreatedandnew

(15)willbemadeinthe(16)areasofactivitythisbookdescribes.More

important,radicalchangesinhardware,software,andinfrastructurewill(17)in

wayslargeandsmalloursociallives,ourfamilies,ourjobs,ourhealth,ourenvironment,

oureconomy,andeventhe(18)weseeforourselvesintheuniverse.Whoever

(19)thecomingInformationRevolution?—that's(20)allofus-needsto

knowWhatWillBe.

1、WhatWillBeisanimpressiveandvisionaryguidetothefuture,filledwithinsights

onhowinformationtechnologywilltransformourlivesandourworldinthenew

century.Theauthor,MichaelDertouzos,stands(1)frommanyoftheforecasters

andcommentatorswhobombardusdailywith(2)ofthisfuture.Fortwentyyears

hehasledoneoftheworld's(3)researchlaboratories,whosemembershave

broughttheworld(4)computers,theEtherNet,andstart-upcompanies.Asa

visionary,his(5)havebeenonthemark:In1981,hedescribedthe(6)ofan

InformationMarketplaceas"atwenty-first-centuryvillagemarketplacewherepeopleand

computersbuy,sell,andfreelyexchangeinformationandinformationservices."That'sa

(7)descriptionoftheInternetasweknowittoday.Naturally,wedonotagreeon

allthe(8)waysthenewworldwill(9)oraffectus.Thisisasitshouldbe.

Thereisplentyofloomfoi(10)ideasanddebateconcerningtherichand

promisingsettingahead.What'smoreimportantisthatpeoplebecome(11),and

formtheirownopinions,aboutthechanges(12).Whenit(13)tothatfuture

world,whatwedo(14)faroutweighsourdifferencesNewbusinesseswillbe

createdandnew(15)willbemadeinthe(16)areasofactivitythisbook

describes.Moreimportant,radicalchangesinhardware,software,andinfrastructurewill

(17)inwayslargeandsmalloursociallives,ourfamilies,ourjobs,ourhealth,our

environment,oureconomy,andeventhe(18)wesecforourselvesintheuniverse.

Whoever(19)thecomingInformationRevolution?—thafs(20)allofus一

needstoknowWhatWillBe.

A、beyond

B>behind

C、apart

D、out

标准答案：C

知识点解析；apart"分离的，分开的"该词在概念上与上文中的"impressiveand

visionary”形成关联，且与“from”构成搭配，意为"远离，除…之外”。最大的干扰项

为选项behind和out,这两个选项可以分别与"siand"构成搭配，"standbehind"意为"

位于(或坐落在)…后面，支持，拥护”，［landout”意为”站出来，杰出，引人注目

“，但填入后均不符合文意。而选项beyond”超过，在远处”也不符合文意。

2、

A^highlights

B、perceptions

C、adventures

D^speculations

标准答案：B

知识点解析：perceplions"看法，理解”。该词在概念上与上文中的"insighls”形成关

联。而选项highlights”最精彩的部分，最重要的事件"，adventures“奇遇”和

speculations”推测，猜测”填入后均不符合文意。

3、

A^empirical

B、wearisome

C>tentative

D、pioneering

标准答案：D

知识点解析：pioneering”先驱的，首创的，最早的”。该词在概念上与上文中的

"impressiveandvisionary"形成关联。而选项empirical"经验主义的,经验的"，

wearisome"使疲倦的,使厌倦的，乏味的"和tentative"试探性的，实验性的"填入后

均不符合文意。

4、

A、updated

B、fair-minded

C^underprivileged

D、well-defined

标准答案：A

知识点解析：updaled”最新的，现代化的”。该词在概念上与上文中的“guide”形成

关联。而选项fair-minded”公正的，公平的"，underprivileged”被剥夺基本权力的，

穷困的，下层社会的“和well-defined”清楚明白的，明确的”填入后均不符合文意。

5、

A、transactions

B、interpretations

C、reflections

D^predictions

标准答案：D

知识点解析：prediclions"预言，预报该词在概念上与上文中的"insights”形成关

联。而选项transactions"业务,交易，讨论会，公报"，interpretations"解释,阐明"

和reflections"反映，表达，深思"填入后均不符合文意。

6、

A、thought

B、concept

C、view

D、angle

标准答案：B

知识点解析：concept概念，观念，思想”。本题考查近义词辨析。该词在概念上与

上文中的“insights”形成关联。最大的干扰项为选项由。ught”想法，见解”，但该词

一般指经思考或推理而非单纯凭幻想所构成的“思想”。而选项view”看法，见解，

观点”和angle”观点，立场”填入后均不符合文意。

7、

A^desirable

inaccurate

C>monetary

D、dismayed

标准答案:A

知识点解析：desirable”值得向往的，值得拥有的”。该词在概念上与上文中的

"impressiveandvisionary"形成关联。而选项inaccurate"错误的,不准确的”,

monetary”钱的，货币的，金融的”和dismayed”令人丧胆的，令人惊愕的”填入后均

不符合文意。

8、

A、mere

typical

C、specific

D、odd

标准答案：C

知识点解析：specific”特定的，特有的”。该词在概念上与下文中的“differences'形

成关联。而选项mere”仅仅的，只不过的，纯粹的“，typical”典型的，有代表性的”

和。dd”奇怪的，古怪的，临时的，不固定的”填入后均不符合文意。

9、

A、evolve

B、assemble

C、betray

D^depress

标准答案：A

知识点解析：evolve”使演变，使进化，使发展”。该词在概念上与上文中的

"transform"形成关联。而选项assemble"集合，聚集，召集"，betray"出卖，泄露，

背叛”和depress”使沮丧，使消沉”填入后均不符合文意。

10、

A、ingenuous

B、pervasive

C、democratic

D、original

标准答案：D

知识点解析：original”独创的，新颖的”。该词在概念上与上文中的"insighls”形成关

联。而选项ingenuous"坦白的，直率的"，pervasive"遍布的，无处不在的"和

democratic"民主的，有民主精神（或作风）的"填入后均不符合文意。

II、

A、informed

B、acquainted

C^confined

D、reassured

标准答案：A

知识点解析：informed”了解情况的，见闻广的”。该词在概念上与上文中的

"information"形成关联。该题最大的干扰项为选项acquainted,该选项可形成搭配

"becomeacquaintedwith噫为"开始认识，开始了解“，但题干中没有"with",故应排

除。而选项confined”有限的，狭窄的”和reassured”安心的，可靠的”填入后均不符

合文意。

12、

A、past

inwards

C、ahead

D、upside-down

标准答案：C

知识点解析：ahead”在将来”。纵观全文这本书讲述的都是对将来的构想且从文中

出现的"future"和"ahead可判断此处应填入选项ahead0而选项past"以前的，过去

的"，inwards响内地,向内部地"和upside-down"颠倒的，乱七八糟的"填入后均不

符合文意。

13、

A、adds

B、amounts

C^leads

D、comes

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查的是固定用法。"cometo”意为”涉及，谈到“，与“when”构成

用法”whenitcomestosth"意为“谈到…时而其他三个选项虽然均可与“to”搭配构

成词组，意义分别为addio”加上;增加;补充”，amountto”总计,相当于，等于”,

leadto"导致,引起，造成",但不能与“when”形成题干中的用法。

14、

A、scorn

B、consent

C、encounter

D、surpass

标准答案：B

知识点解析：consent"准许，同意，赞成"。该词在概念上与上文中的"agreeon"形

成关联。而选项scorn”轻蔑，鄙视"，encounier”遇到，遭遇，遭到"和surpass"超

过，优于，多于”填入后均不符合文意。

15>

A、dooms

B、fortunes

C、destinies

D、prophecies

标准答案：B

知识点解析：fortunes”运气，时运，命运”。本题考查的是固定搭配。选项fortunes

与文中的“make”构成固定搭配，"makefommes”意为"发财，发迹"。而选项dooms”

厄运，劫数”，destinies”命运”和prophecies”预言，预言能力”均不能与“make”形成

搭配。

16、

A^lofty

B、supreme

C、alien

D、novel

标准答案：D

知识点解析：novel”新颖的，新奇的二该词在概念上与上文中的“new”形成关联。

而选项lofty”崇高的,高尚的"；supreme”最高的，至上的,极度的，最重要的“和

alien”性质不同的，不相容的，外国的”填入后均不符合文意。注意本题中对“novel”

的理解。

17、

A、reign

alter

C、chock

D、breed

标准答案：B

知识点解析：alter”改变，改动，变更”。该词在概念上与上文中的“transform”形成

关联。而选项reign”当政，统治，支配，盛行”，chock”塞满”和breed”养育，培

育，酿成，产生”填入后均不符合文意。

18、

A、scope

B、context

C、range

D、territory

标准答案：B

知识点解析：context”背景，环境该词在概念上与上文中的“ourworld"形成关

联。而选项scope"范围”,range”幅度，范围"和territory"领土,领域，范围”填入后

均不符合文意。

19>

A、anticipates

B、justifies

C、dominates

D、foretells

标准答案：D

知识点解析：foretells”预测，预言”。根据题意，因为属于对未来的猜测，因此用

foretell；anticipate”参加，参与"；juslify”判断，断定"：dominaie"主宰，控制"。

20、

A、plausibly

thoroughly

C^virtually

D、radically

标准答案：C

知识点解析：virlually”事实上，实质上”。该空所在句应理解为“期待着信息革命来

临的人们（事实上就是我们所有人）都有必要来读一下这本书”，故选项virtually为正

确选项。而plausibly"似真地"，thoroughly"十分地，彻底地"和radically"根本上"填

入后均不符合文意。

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分,共20分。）

Atsomepointduringtheireducation,biologystudentsarctoldaboutaconversationina

pubthattookplaceover50yearsago.J.B.S.Haldane,aBritishgeneticist,wasasked

whetherhewouldlaydownhislifeforhiscountry.Afterdoingaquickcalculationonthe

backofanapkin,hesaidhewoulddosofortwobrothersoreightcousins.Inother

words,hewoulddietoprotecttheequivalentofhisgeneticcontributiontothenext

generation.Thetheoryofkinselection-theideathatanimalscanpassontheirgenesby

helpingtheircloserelatives—isbiology'sexplanationforseeminglyaltruisticacts.An

individualcarryinggenesthatpromotealtruismmightbeexpectedtodieyoungerthan

onewith"selfish"genes,andthustohaveareducedcontributiontothenextgeneration's

geneticpoolButifthesameindividualactsaltruisticallytoprotectitsrelatives,genesfor

altruisticbehaviormightneveithelesspiopagate.Actsofapparentaltruismtonon-

relativescanalsobeexplainedaway,inwhathasbecomeacottageindustrywithin

biology.Ananimalmightcarefortheoffspringofanotherthatitisunrelatedtobecause

ithopestoobtainthesamebenefitsforitselflateron（aphenomenonknownasreciprocal

altruism）.Thehunterwhogenerouslyshareshisspoilswithothersmaybedoingsoin

ordertosignalhissuperiorstatustofemales,andultimatelyboosthisbreedingsuccess.

Theseapparentlyselflessactsarethereforedisguisedactsofself-interest.Allofthese

examplesfiteconomists'argumentsthatHomosapiensisalsoHomoeconomics-

maximizingsomethingthateconomistscallutility,andbiologistsfitness.Butthereisa

residuumofhumanactivitythatdefiessuchexplanations:peoplecontributetocharities

forthehomeless,returnlostwallets,dovoluntaryworkandtipwaitersinrestaurantsto

whichtheydonotplantoreturn.Botheconomicrationalismandnaturalselectionoffer

fewexplanationsforsuchrandomactsofkindness.Norcantheyeasilyexplainthe

opposite:spitefulbehavior,whensomeoneharmshisowninterestinordertodamagethat

ofanother.Butpeoplearenowtryingtofindanswers.Whenanewphenomenonis

recognizedbyscience,anamealwayshelps.InapaperinHumanNature,Dr.Fehrand

hiscolleaguesargueforabehavioralpropensitytheycall“strongreciprocity".Thisname

isintendedtodistinguishitfromreciprocalaltruism.AccordingtoDr.Fehr,apersonisa

strongreciprocatorifheiswillingtosacrificeresourcestobekindtothosewhoarebeing

kind,andtopunishthosewhoarebeingunkind.Significantly,strongreciprocatorswill

behavethiswayevenifdoingsoprovidesnoprospectofmaterialrewardsinthefuture.

21、ThestoryofJ.B.S.Haldaneismentionedinthetext.

A、tohonorhisunusualaltruisticacts.

B、toshowhowhecontributedtothecountry.

C^tointroducethetopicofhumanaltruism.

D、togiveanepisodeofhiscalculationabilities.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：题干问：”作者谈论J.B.S.Haklane的故事目的是…”。根据原文第1

自然段，作者谈论J.B.S.Haldan的故事1=1的是为了“引入人类乐于助人的话题”，答

案选项表达了此意。而选项”推崇他反常的乐于助人的行为“，”对国家的贡献”以及

”给予他计算能力的一个事件”皆不符合题意。

22>Accordingthetheoryofkinselection,humanstendtoactaltruistically.

A、forthesakeofdesiredreproduction.

B、outofself-interest.

C、ontherequestofnaturalselection.

D、becauseofkindnature.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题干问："根据亲缘选择理论，人类往往进行乐于助人的行为是曰

于…”。根据原文第2自然段，人类乐于助人的行为是由“个人私利”所致，答案选

项表达了此意。而选项”为了繁衍后代的要求“，”自然选择的要求“以及“严由于善

良的本质”皆不符合题意。

23、Aspointedoutinthetext,"reciprocalaltruismtheory"and"strongreciprocity

theory'*are.

A^complementary.

B、contradictory.

C^superficial.

D^over-simplified.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题干问：”根据原文，'互助性的乐于助人理论‘和'强烈的互动性理论'

的关系是…”。根据原文，作者使用互助性的乐于助人理论和强烈的互动性理论来

说明人类正常的和反常的乐于助人的行为，所以它们的关系是”相互补充的”，答案

选项表达了此意。而选项“矛盾的“，“肤浅的“以及“过分简化的“皆不符合题意。

24、Thewritermentionedthecaseof"thehunterwhoshareshisspoilswithothers'1to

demonstrate.

A、innatehumanhostility.

hisprivilegedstatus.

C、apparenthumanaltruism.

D、hissacrificeresources.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：题干问："作者引用‘猎手和其他人分享他的猎物'的例子是为了说

明…”。根据第3自然段的上下文，作者引用“猎手和其他人分享他的猎物”的例子

是为了说明”表面上的人类乐于助人的行为”，答案选项表达了此意。而选项“先天

的人类的敌意“，”他的有优势的社会地位“以及“他的自我牺牲的本质”皆不符合题

意。

25、IlcanbeinferredfromParagraph4that.

A^humanbehaviorisconfinedtotheexclusiveconcernofpsychologists.

B、economists'utilityisonlytheexplanationsforrandomactsofkindness.

C、altruismisdevelopedduringthelongprocessofhumanevolution.

D、biologistscanhelpeconomistsexplainsomehumanbehaviordeviations.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：题干问："根据第4自然段，我们可以得到…”。综合全段我们可以得

出本段讲的是“生物学家可以帮助经济学家解释一些人类反常的行为，而选项”人

类的行为只是心理学家的考虑“，”经济学家的有用性是人类偶然表现出的善意的唯

一解释”，其实还包括生物学家的解释，以及“乐于助人是在长期的人类进化过程中

所形成的”，这是原文的事实，不是该段得出的结论，所以皆不符合题意。

Canthisbetherighttimetoinvestinluxurygoods?MiucciaPradawasobviouslybiting

hernails.ThegranddaughterofthefounderoftheItalianfashiongrouphasjustopened

spectacularnewstoresinquicksuccessioninNewYorkandLondon.Withitsmagic

mirrors,silverdisplaysandcomputer-controlledchangingrooms,Prada'stwo-month-old

shopinManhattancostastaggering$40m,sitsjustamilefromGroundZero,andsells

practicallynothing.Theluxury-goodsbusinesshasbeenindespairinhastysuccession

againstabackgroundofaweakeningglobaleconomy,anenduringslumpinJapanese

spending,andtheSeptember11thterroristattacks.1heJapanese,whousedtobuyathird

oftheworld'sluxurygoods,cuttheirforeigntravelinhalfaftertheattacksandtightened

theirLouisVuittonpurse-strings.Atthesametime,wealthyAmericansstoppedflying,

whichhasadramaticeffectontheluxury-goodspurveyorsofLondon,ParisandRome.

Athometoo,Americans1attitudestoluxurychanged,atleasttemporarily."Conspicuous

abstention"replacedgreedyconsumerismamongthefast-growing,youngerbreedof

newlyrich.Thedeclineinjobsecurity,thelowerbonusesinfinancialservices,andthe

stockmarketbustthatwipedoutmuchofthepaperwealthgeneratedinthelate1990s,

bredanewfrugality.Salesofexpensivejewelry,watchesandhandbags-theproducts

thatmakethejuiciestprofitsforthebigluxury-goodsgroups-droppedsharply.The

impacthasbeenmoststrikingamongthehandfuloflarge,quotedluxury-goods

companies.France'sLouisVuittonMoetHennessy(LVMH),theindustryleader,issued

fourprofitswarningsafterSeptember11thandendedupreportinga20%declinein

operatingprofitfor2001,afterhavingrepeatedlypromiseditsinvestorsdouble-digit

growth;andItaly'sGucciGroup,thethirdlargest,announcedthisweekthatsecond-half

profitsdroppedby33%.Meanwhile,privatelyheldPradahadtopostponeitsstock

marketflotationandwasforcedtosellarecentlyacquiredstakeinFendi,aprestigious

Italianbagmaker,inordertoreduceitsdebts.Luxuryisanunusualbusiness.Aluxury

brandcannotbeextendedindefinitely:ifitbecomestoocommon,itisdevalued,asPierre

CardinandRalphLaurenprovedbystickingtheirlabelsoneverythingfromT-shirtsto

paint.Equally,abrandnamecanbeunderminedifitisnotadvertisedconsistently,orifit

isdisplayedandsoldpoorly.SagraMaceiradeRosen,aluxury-goodsanalystatJ.P.

Morgan,arguesthat,"Luxurycompaniesareprimarilyretailers.Inretailing,themost

importantthingisexecution,andexecutionisallaboutmanagement.Youmayhavethe

bestdesignedproduct,butifyoudon'tgetitintotherightkindofshopattherighttime,

youwillfail."

26、By"MiucciaPradawasobviouslybitinghernails"(ParagraphI),theauthormeans

A^Pradaisinadesperatesituation.

BNPradaisnotoriousforherhastyexecution.

C、Pradaisalwaysinherbadhabit.

D、Pradaistoomuchengagedinherwork.

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：题「问："'MiucciaPradawasobviouslybitinghernails’的意思是…”。

根据原文第1自然段，其意思是"显然，Prada正处于困境中“。而选项"Prada由于

快速的执行力而臭名昭著”，“Prada总是有一种坏见惯”是字面含义，以及“Prada相

当忙碌于自己的工作”皆不符合题意。

27>Whatistheattitudeofconsumerstowardsluxurygoodsinthepresentsituation?

A、Carefree.

Panicked.

C>Cautious.

D、Confused.

标准答案：C

知识点解析；题干问；"消费者对当前高档消费品的情形的态度是…根据文章第

2、3自然段的阐述可见，他们的态度是“谨慎的“。而选项”无忧无虑的“，”惊慌失

措的“以及”迷惑的、混淆的”皆不符合题意。

28、Itcanlearnedfromthetextthat.

A、excessiveadvertisementresultedinthefailurePrada'sinvestment.

luxury-goodscompaniesmustgivethoughttotheimpactofterroristattacks.

C、executionisnothingbutanauxiliarypartofbusinessmanagement.

D、outsidersalwaysholdsomemisconceptionsofluxury-goodsbusiness.

标准答案：D‘‘

知识点解析：题干问："根据原文我们可以得到综观全文，我们可以得到的结

论是本文的主旨，即”业外人士对高档消费有误解工而选项”过分的广告造成了

Prada投资的失败“，”高档消费品公司应该认真考虑恐怖袭击的影响“以及”执行只

不过是企业管理的一个辅助手段”皆不符合题意。

29、Whenmentioning"double-digitgrowth"(Paragraph4),theauthoristalkingabout

A、rewardsreapedfrominvestmentinrealestate.

B、bonusesgeneratedinthestockmarketflotation.

C、estimatedassetsofnewly-openedstores.

D、operatingprofitsinluxury-goodsbusiness.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：题干问："当提到，double-digitgrowth，时，作者谈论的是根据

上下文，作者谈论的是"高档消费品的惊人利润'而选项”从房地产投资得到的回

报“，”股票市场的盈利带来的回报“以及”新开商店的固定资产”不是本段谈论的观

点，皆不符合题意。

30、Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

A、Openingnewstores,onthehorizon.

B、Moreventuresbringmorerewards.

C、Tightthebelt,thesingleremedy.

D、Noteverycloudhassilverlinings.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：题干问："作者赞同的是…”。综观全文，作者赞同的是“不是每一块

云彩都有它的闪光点的“，即”不是每个企业都能获得利润的”，答案选项表达了此

意。而选项”开新的商店是欣欣向荣的”，“更多的投资带来更多的回报“以及“节俭

才是唯一的策略”皆是断章取义，不符合题意。

OnaweekdaynightthisJanuary,thousandsofflag-wavingyouthspackedOlayaStreet,

Riyadh'smainshoppingstrip,tocheeramemorableSaudivictoryintheGCCCup

footballfinal.Onecar,rockmusicblaringfromitsstereo,squealedtoastop,blockingan

intersection.Thepassengersleaptout,clamberedontotheroofanddancedwildlyin

frontofthehonkingcrowd.Havingparalyzedthetrafficacrosshalfthecity,theysped

oftbeforethepolicecouldcatchthem.Suchpublicoccasionwasonceunthinkableinthe

rigidconformistkingdom,butnowyoungpeoplethereandinotherGulfStatesare

increasinglywillingtochallengeauthority.Thatdocsnotmakethemrebels:respectfor

elders,forreligiousdutyandformaintainingfamilybondsremainpreeminentvalues,and

premaritalsexisgenerallyoutofthequestion.Yetdemographyisbeginningtoput

pressureonultra-conservativenorms.Afterall,60%oftheGulfsnativepopulationis

undertheageof25.Withmanymoreofitscitizensinschoolthanintheworkforce,the

regionfacesatleastagenerationofrocketingdemandforemployment.Ineverysingle

GCCcountrythenativeworkforcewilldoubleby2020.InSaudiArabiaitwillgrow

from3.3mnowtooverSm.Thetaskofmanagingthissurgewouldbedauntingenough

foranysociety,butisparticularlyforbiddinginthisregion,forseveralreasons.Thefirst

isthattheGulfsuffersfromalopsidedlaborstructure.Thisgoesbacktothe1970s,when

ballooningoilincomesallowedgovernmentstoimportmillionsofforeignworkersandto

dispensecozyjobstothelocals.Theresultisatwo-tierworkforce,withoutsiders

workingmostlyintheprivatesectorandnativesmonopolizingthestatebureaucracy.

Privatefirmsareasproductiveasany.Butwithinthegovernment,claimsonestudy,

workersareworthonlyaquarterofwhattheygetpaid.Similarly,intheeducationsector,

30yearsspentkeepingpacewithsoaringstudentnumbershastakenaheavytollon

standards.TheSaudischoolsystem,forinstance,todayhastocopewith5mstudents,

eighttimesmorethanin1970.AndmanyGulfcountriesadaptedtheircurriculafrom

Egyptianmodelsthatarenowthoroughlydiscredited.Theycontinuetofavorrote

learningofHfactsnintendedtoinstillpatriotismorreligiousvalues.Evenworse,the

systemasawholediscouragesintellectualcuriosity.Itchannelsstudentsintoacquiring

prestigedegreesratherthangainingmarketableskills.Ofthe120,000graduatesthat

Saudiuniversitiesproducedbetween1995and1999,only10,000hadstudiedtechnical

subjectssuchasarchitectureorengineering.Theyaccountedforonly2%ofthetotal

numberofSaudisenteringthejobmarket.

31、Thewildbehaviordepictedinthefirstparagraphisintendedto.

A、advocatetraditionalvaluesinSaudi.

B、introducethechangeofSaudiyouths.

C、criticizetheirnonconformistimage.

D、praiseSaudiyouthtacticalretreat.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题干问；”文章第1自然段中说明的年轻人的狂野行为是为了作

者在第1自然段阐述年经人的狂野行为是为了“引入沙特年轻人的改变“。而选项”

倡导沙特的传统价值”，”批评他们不墨守成规的形象“以及“赞扬沙特年轻人的战略

性撤离”皆不符合题意。

32、ThebasicproblemofpeoplepressurefacingtheSaudiauthorityliesin.

A、itssurgingworkforce.

itsreligiousvalues.

C、itsprivatefirms.

D、itsrebelliousyouths.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题干问：”沙特当局所面临的根本问题是根据原文的反复阐述，

沙特当局所面临的是如何解决劳动力的增长问题，所以选择”它不断增加的劳动力

"o而选项"宗教的价值观"，“私有公司“以及“叛逆的年轻人”皆不符合题意。

33、Theword"lopsidcd"(Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans.

A、detrimental.

misguided.

C、outdated.

D、disproportionate.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：题干问："lopsided的含义是根据上下文，“lopsided"指“不均衡

的、比例失调的“。而选项“有害的“，”误导的“以及“过时的”皆不符合题意。

34Accordingtotheauthor,theSaudieducationsystemischaracterizedbyitsexcessive

emphasison.

A、marketableskills.

B、intellectualcuriosity.

C>traditionalvalues.

D、creativelliinking.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：题干问："作者认为沙特教育体系的特征是过分强调…”。根据原文，

这种教育特征是对”传统价值观”的过分强调。而选项营销的技巧”，”对知识的好奇

“以及“创造性思维”皆不符合题意。

35、Whatwouldthesectionfollowingthistextprobablydealwith?

A^Thehigherproportionoflocalyouthsintheworkforce.

MorerestrictionsplacedontheprivatefirmsinSaudi.

C、Anotherreasonforthedifficultyinmanagingpeoplepressure.

D、Thecommitmenttomotivatingyouthparticipationinthetask.

标准答案：C-

知识点解析：题干问；”文章的下文将谈论的是根据原文，作者分析的是造成

沙特目前劳动力就业市场困难的原因，所以文章接下来将谈论的是由于人口压力所

带来的困难的其他原因，答案选项表达了此意。而选项”劳动力中当地年轻人的高

比例“，”对沙特私人公司的更多限制“以及“让年轻人投入辛苦的工作”皆不符合题

意。

Everydaysome16mbarrelsofoilleavetheGulfthroughtheStraitofHormuz.Thatis

enoughtofillasoftdrinkcanforeveryoneonearth,ortopowereverymotorvehicleon

theplanetfor25miles(40km).Gulfoilaccountsfor40%ofglobaltradeinthesticky

stuff.Moreimportant,itmakesuptwo-thirdsofknowndeposits.Whereasatpresent

productionratestherestoftheworld'soilreserveswilllastforamere25years,theGulfs

willlastfor100years.Inotherwords,theregion'sstrategicimportanceissetlogrowand

grow.Oratleastsogoes:heconventionalwisdom,whichisusuallyroundedoutwith

scarytalkofunstable,spendthriftregimesandaloomingfundamentalistmenace.Yetall

thosenumberscomewithcaveats.Agreatdealofoilisconsumedbythecountriesthat

produceitratherthantraded,soinrealitytheGulfaccountsforlessthanaquarterofthe

world'sdailyconsumption.Asforreserves,thefiguresareaschangeableasamiragein

thedesert.Themostcomprehensiveresearchavailable,conductedbytheU.S.Geological

Survey,referstoan^expected"totalvolumeforglobalhydrocarbondepositsthatisabout

doublecurrentknownreserves.Usingthatfigure,andthrowinginnaturalgasalongwith

oil,itappearsthattheGulfcontainsamoremoderate30%orsooftheplanet'sfuture

fossil-fuelsupplies.LeavingoutthetwoGulfstatesthatarenotcoveredinthissurvey一

IranandIraqtheremainingsixbetweenthemholdsomethinglike20%ofworld

hydrocarbonreserves,notmuchmorethanRussia.Allthesame,itisstillaheftychunk;

enough,youmightthink,tokeepthepeoplelivingatopthewellsincomfortforthe

foreseeablefuture.Buiyoumightbewrong.Atpresent,thenationsoftheGulf

CooperationCouncilhaveacombinednationalincomeroughlyequalloSwitzerland's,

butapopulationwhich,alaround30m,ismorethanfourtimesasbig.Itisalsothe

fastest-growingonearth,havingincreasedatninetimestheSwissrateoverthepast

quarter-century.Meanwhiletheregion'sshareofworldoiltradehasfallen,ashasthe

averagepriceperbarrel.Asaresult,theincomeperpersongeneratedbyGCCoilexports

hasbeendiminishingsincethe1970s.True,surgingdemandfromAmericaandAsiahas

recentlyboostedtheGulfsshareoftrade,butthemedium-termoutlookforoilpries

remainsweak.Combinedwithcontinuedgrowthinoilconsumption,thisshouldcreate

sustainedupwardpressureonprices.Andhighoilpriceswillspeedthesearchfor

alternatives.Whoknows,in20years'timefuelcellsandhydrogenpowermayhave

startedtobecomecommercialpropositions.

36、Intheeyesoftheauthor,conventionalopiniononthestrategicimportanceofthe

Gulfoilis.

A、unclear.

constructive.

C、reasonable.

D、exaggerated.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：题干问：”作者认为海湾石油战略性的重要地位是根据原文第2

自然段的主题句可以看出作者认为海湾石油战略性的重要地位是”夸大其辞的”，答

案选项表达了此意。而选项”不清晰的“，”有建设意义的“以及“合理的“皆不符合题

意。

37^Bymentioning"thefiguresareaschangeableasamirageinthedesert",theauthoris

talkingabout.

A、thewealthypeoplewholiveatopthewellsintheGulf.

B>theplanefsfuturefbssil-fuelsupplies.

C、theinconsistentestimatesonoildepositsintheGulf.

D、theoiltradedintheinternationalmarkets.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：题干问："作者谈论‘数字像沙漠里的蜃楼一样变化'是为了说明

根据原文第2自然段的信息，作者是为了说明"海湾石油储量不一致的推测”，答案

选项表达了此意。而选预”住在海湾油井上的富有的人们“，“地球未来化石原料的

供应“以及“国际市场原油的贸易，皆不符合题意。

38、Whydocstheauthornotthinkthat"itisstillaheftychunk"?

A、ThepeopleintheGulfwouldnotbenefitinceriainways.

TheGulfcountriesareincomparabletothecountySwiss.

C、Continuedoilconsumptionwillcreatehighpricepressures.

D、Oilreserveswillcontinuetobeasupplyofresources.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题干问：”作者不认为'它是一块很大的肥肉’是因为…”。根据原文信

息，作者认为原因是由于“石油不能给海湾的人们带来利益”，答案选项表达了此

意。而选项”海湾可以把瑞士比下去“，”不断增加的石油消费将产生高价格压力”以

及”石油的储量将继续作为原料的来源”皆不符合题意。

39、ItisgenerallybelievedthatoilproducedintheGulf.

A^willleavethelocalsinimpoverishedconditions,

B、islessthantheassessmentinacomprehensiveresearch.

C、willdiminishtheregion'sstrategicimportance.

D^istradedratherthanconsumedbyitsproducers.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：题干问：”大众认为海湾的石油生产…”。根据原文第1自然段的信

息，石油生产”用于贸易而不是用于自己消费”，答案选项表达了此意。而选项“将

使当地陷入贫困状况”与大众观点相反，”比研究中的少“以及“将帮助当地维持成略

的重要性”皆是作者的观点，不是大众的观点，不符合题意。

40>Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

A、HSomeoftheworld'sbothersomehotspotsareneartheGulf.*'

B、"Oilisbig,butitisnottheonlyreasontotaketheGulfseriously."

C、"Whiletheoilpricekeepsrising,theGulfisattractivetotraders."

D、'Tightenthriftregimesonoilconsumption,thesingleremedy.n

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题干问："作者有可能同意的观点是…”。根据全文，作者赞同的是“

石油是重要的，但不是受海湾变得重要的唯一原因”，答案选项表达了此意。而选

项”世界最麻烦的一些地方靠近海湾“，“尽管石油的价格不断上涨，海湾对贸易者

还是相当有吸引力“以及“节俭石油消费是唯一的解决办法”皆不符合题意。

三、阅读（补全短文）（本题共5题，每题1.0分，共

5分。）

Thefollowing