2026年全国英语等级考试（PETS）五级经典试题及答案二

2026年全国英语等级考试（PETS）五级经典试题及答案二第一部分听力理解第一节：对话理解在本节中，你将听到10个简短的对话。每个对话后有一个问题。请从A、B、C三个选项中选出唯一正确的答案。每个对话你只能听一遍。1.M:ThedeadlineforthepaperisnextTuesday.I'mreallyworriedaboutthedataanalysispart.W:WhynotaskProfessorSmithforhelp?Heisanexpertinstatisticsandalwayswillingtoassiststudents.Question:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?[A]AskProfessorSmithforhelp.[B]Extendthedeadlineforthepaper.[C]Dothedataanalysisbyhimself.2.W:Ican'tfindmypassportanywhere.I'msupposedtoflytoLondontomorrowmorning.M:Didyoucheckthedrawerinthebedsidetable?Irememberseeingitthereyesterday.Question:Whatdoesthemanimply?[A]Thewomanmightfindherpassportinthedrawer.[B]ThewomanshouldcancelherflighttoLondon.[C]Hesawthepassportonthedesk.3.M:Theconcertticketsaresoldout.Whatapity!W:Don'tworry.Ihavetwoextratickets,andIwaswonderingifyou'dliketogowithme.Question:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?[A]Themancan'tgototheconcert.[B]Thewomanhasanextraticketfortheman.[C]Theywilltrytobuyticketsatthedoor.4.W:It'sfreezingoutsidetoday.Thetemperaturedroppedtominustendegrees.M:Iknow.Ihadtoscrapetheiceoffmywindshieldfortwentyminutesthismorning.Question:Whataretheytalkingabout?[A]Theman'scar.[B]Thecoldweather.[C]Thewindshieldwiper.5.M:I'mthinkingofbuyinganewlaptop.Theoldoneistooslow.W:IfIwereyou,I'dwaituntiltheBlackFridaysales.Youcansavealotofmoney.Question:Whatdoesthewomanadvise?[A]Buyingalaptopimmediately.[B]Repairingtheoldlaptop.[C]Waitingforasaletobuyalaptop.6.W:Didyouwatchthefootballmatchlastnight?Itwasthrilling.M:ImisseditbecauseIhadtoworkovertime.Whowon?Question:Whydidthemanmissthematch?[A]Hedoesn'tlikefootball.[B]Hewasworkinglate.[C]HisTVwasbroken.7.M:Thecafeteriafoodisgettingworseandworse.I'mtiredofeatingburgerseveryday.W:Metoo.Maybeweshouldbringourownlunchfromhome.Question:Whatdoesthewomanmean?[A]Shelikesthecafeteriafood.[B]Shesuggestseatingatarestaurant.[C]Shethinksbringinglunchisagoodidea.8.W:Iheardyougotapromotion.Congratulations!M:Thankyou.Itmeansmoreresponsibilityandahighersalary,butalsolongerworkinghours.Question:Howdoesthemanfeelabouthispromotion?[A]It'spurelypositive.[B]Ithasbothprosandcons.[C]Heregretsacceptingit.9.M:IneedtosendthispackagetoNewYorkurgently.Expressmailistooexpensive.W:Youcouldtryprioritymail.It'scheaperandusuallytakesonlytwodays.Question:Whatistheman'sproblem?[A]Hedoesn'tknowwhereNewYorkis.[B]Hethinksexpressmailistoocostly.[C]Thepackageistooheavy.10.W:Thelectureonenvironmentalsciencewassoinspiring.IthinkI'llchangemymajor.M:Really?Ithoughtyouweresetonstudyingeconomics.Question:Whatwasthewoman'soriginalplan?[A]Tostudyenvironmentalscience.[B]Tostudyeconomics.[C]Togivealecture.第二节：段落理解在本节中，你将听到3段独白或对话。每段后有几个问题。请从A、B、C三个选项中选出唯一正确的答案。每段你将听两遍。听下面一段独白，回答第11-13题。Script:Goodmorning,everyone.TodayI'dliketotalkaboutthehistoryofcoffee.ThestoryofcoffeebeginsinEthiopia,whereagoatherdernamedKaldiissaidtohavediscoveredthepotentialofthesebelovedbeans.ThelegendgoesthatKaldinoticedhisgoatsbecameenergeticaftereatingberriesfromacertaintree.Hetriedtheberrieshimselfandfeltasimilarboost.Monksatalocalmonasteryeventuallyusedtheberriestomakeadrinkthathelpedthemstayawakeduringlonghoursofprayer.FromEthiopia,coffeetraveledtotheArabianPeninsula.Bythe15thcentury,coffeewasbeinggrownintheYemenidistrictofArabiaandwasknowninPersia,Egypt,Syria,andTurkey.Coffeehouses,calledqahvehkhaneh,begantoappearincitiesacrosstheNearEast.Thesecoffeehouseswerenotjustplacestoenjoycoffee;theywerehubsofsocialactivitywherepeopleexchangednewsandideas.Bythe17thcentury,coffeehadmadeitswaytoEurope,sparkingasimilarrevolutioninsocialinteraction.Today,coffeeisoneofthemostpopulardrinksintheworld,withmillionsofcupsconsumedeveryday.11.Accordingtothelegend,whodiscoveredcoffee?[A]Amonk.[B]Agoatherder.[C]ATurkishmerchant.12.Whydidthemonksusecoffeeberries?[A]Tomakemedicine.[B]Tostayawakeduringprayers.[C]Toflavortheirfood.13.Whatwasthefunctionofqahvehkhaneh?[A]Religiouscenters.[B]Tradingmarkets.[C]Placesforsocialinteractionandnewsexchange.听下面一段对话，回答第14-16题。Script:W:ProfessorWilliams,I'mstrugglingwithmythesisonrenewableenergy.I'mnotsurehowtostructuretheargument.M:Well,Sarah,astrongthesisneedsaclearproblemstatement.Whatexactlyareyoutryingtosolve?W:I'mlookingattheefficiencyofsolarpanelsinurbanenvironments.Theproblemisthaturbanareashavelimitedspaceandshadingissues.M:Okay.Soyourargumentshouldaddresshowtomaximizeenergycapturedespitetheselimitations.Haveyouconsideredrecentadvancementsinperovskitesolarcells?W:I'veheardofthem,butIdon'tknowmuchaboutthedetails.M:Perovskitecellsaremoreflexibleandcanperformbetterinlow-lightconditionscomparedtotraditionalsiliconcells.Thatmightbeakeypointforyourargument.Youshouldcomparetheefficiencyratesofbothtypesinanurbansetting.W:Thatsoundspromising.WherecanIfindreliabledataontheirefficiency?M:Checkthelatestjournalslike"NatureEnergy"or"Energy&EnvironmentalScience."Also,lookforcasestudiesfromcitieslikeBerlinorTokyothathaveimplementedpilotprojects.14.Whatisthewoman'sthesistopic?[A]Thehistoryofrenewableenergy.[B]Theefficiencyofsolarpanelsincities.[C]Thecostofrenewableenergysources.15.Whydoestheprofessormentionperovskitesolarcells?[A]Theyarecheapertoproduce.[B]Theyarebetterforurbanenvironmentswithshading.[C]Theyaretheoldesttypeofsolarcell.16.Whatdoestheprofessoradvisethewomantodo?[A]Changeherthesistopic.[B]InterviewexpertsinBerlin.[C]Readspecificjournalsfordata.听下面一段独白，回答第17-20题。Script:Inrecentyears,theconceptofthe"GigEconomy"hastransformedthewaywework.Thegigeconomyisalabormarketcharacterizedbytheprevalenceofshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs.Thisshiftislargelydrivenbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithconsumers,suchasUber,Airbnb,andUpwork.Proponentsarguethatthegigeconomyoffersflexibilityandautonomyforworkers,allowingthemtochoosewhenandwheretheywork.Italsoprovidesbusinesseswithascalableworkforcethatcanbeadjustedbasedondemand.However,criticspointoutsignificantdownsides.Gigworkersoftenlackbenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplans.Furthermore,theincomecanbeunpredictable,andworkersmayfaceexploitationduetothelackofregulatoryprotections.Asthegigeconomycontinuestogrow,governmentsaroundtheworldaregrapplingwithhowtoupdatelaborlawstoprotectthesenewtypesofworkerswhilefosteringinnovation.Thefutureofworkwilllikelybeahybridmodel,incorporatingelementsofbothtraditionalemploymentandgigwork.17.Whatdefinesthe"GigEconomy"?[A]Long-termemploymentcontracts.[B]Government-regulatedjobs.[C]Short-termcontractsorfreelancework.18.Whatisanadvantageofthegigeconomymentionedinthetext?[A]Stablemonthlyincome.[B]Comprehensivehealthbenefits.[C]Flexibilityforworkers.19.Whatisamajorcriticismofthegigeconomy?[A]Itcausesunemployment.[B]Workerslackbenefitsandprotections.[C]Itreducesbusinessefficiency.20.Whatisthelikelyfutureofworkaccordingtothespeaker?[A]Acompletereturntotraditionalemployment.[B]Abanondigitalplatforms.[C]Amixoftraditionalandgigwork.第二部分英语知识运用第一节：单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21.Bythetimethepolicearrived,thethieves______thebank.[A]hadleft[B]left[C]willleave[D]haveleft22.Itisessentialthateverystudent______ontimefortheclass.[A]be[B]is[C]are[D]was23.Thenovel,______Iboughtyesterday,isveryfascinating.[A]which[B]that[C]what[D]who24.______heavyrain,thefootballmatchwascanceled.[A]Dueto[B]Inspiteof[C]Unless[D]Eventhough25.Iwouldratheryou______methetruthyesterday.[A]told[B]havetold[C]hadtold[D]tell26.Thenumberofpeopleapplyingforthejob______increasing.[A]are[B]is[C]were[D]be27.Notuntil______hishomeworkdidhegoouttoplay.[A]hefinished[B]didhefinish[C]hefinishes[D]doeshefinish28.Themanager,aswellashisassistants,______toattendthemeeting.[A]are[B]is[C]were[D]be29.Thisisthemostinterestingbook______Ihaveeverread.[A]which[B]that[C]what[D]ofwhich30.______,theexperimentwouldhavesucceeded.[A]Hadhebeencareful[B]Ifhewascareful[C]Werehecareful[D]Unlesshewascareful31.Sheisoneofthefewwomenwho______inthemilitary.[A]serves[B]serve[C]served[D]serving32.Thereason______herefusedtheinvitationisunclear.[A]why[B]that[C]which[D]forwhich33.You______havetoldmeearlier.Icouldhavehelpedyou.[A]should[B]would[C]might[D]could34.Thecommittee______composedofexpertsfromvariousfields.[A]is[B]are[C]be[D]being35.______isknowntoall,theearthrevolvesaroundthesun.[A]It[B]As[C]Which[D]That第二节：完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbroughtaboutsignificantchangesinvarioussectors,fromhealthcaretofinance.However,therapidadvancementofAIalsoraisesprofoundethicalquestions.Oneoftheprimaryconcernsistheissueofbias.AIsystemsaretrainedonvastamountsofdata,andifthisdatacontainsbiases,theAIwillinevitably(36)______them.Forexample,ahiringalgorithmusedbyatechcompanywasfoundtodiscriminateagainstwomenbecauseitwastrainedon(37)______datafrommaleemployees.Thishighlightstheneedfor"algorithmicfairness,"aconceptthatisstillbeing(38)______.Anothermajorchallengeisthe"blackbox"problem.ManyadvancedAImodels,especiallydeeplearningnetworks,operateinawaythatisnot(39)______tohumans.EventhedevelopersmaynotfullyunderstandhowtheAIarrivesataspecific(40)______.Thislackoftransparencycanbeproblematicincriticalfieldslikemedicineorcriminaljustice,whereunderstandingthe(41)______behindadecisioniscrucial.Furthermore,thereistheissueofjobdisplacement.AutomationpoweredbyAIhasthepotentialtoreplacehumanworkersinvariousindustries.WhilesomearguethatAIwillcreatenewtypesofjobs,othersfearthatthe(42)______ofworkwillchangedrastically,leadingtoeconomicinequality.Governmentsandeducationalinstitutionsneedtoadapttothis(43)______byreskillingtheworkforce.Despitethesechallenges,thepotentialbenefitsofAIareundeniable.Itcanhelpsolvecomplexproblemslikeclimatechangeanddisease(44)______.Thekeyliesindevelopingarobustregulatoryframeworkthatpromotesinnovationwhile(45)______ethicalstandards.InternationalcooperationisessentialtoensurethatAIisusedforthegreatergoodofhumanity.36.[A]adopt[B]reject[C]reproduce[D]ignore37.[A]historical[B]biased[C]random[D]accurate38.[A]defined[B]ignored[C]implemented[D]criticized39.[A]visible[B]transparent[C]accessible[D]beneficial40.[A]conclusion[B]calculation[C]error[D]input41.[A]cost[B]reason[C]speed[D]method42.[A]nature[B]location[C]amount[D]schedule43.[A]reality[B]trend[C]theory[D]desire44.[A]prevention[B]management[C]spread[D]detection45.[A]lowering[B]questioning[C]upholding[D]abandoning第三部分阅读理解第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。PassageOneTheoreticalphysicsoftenpushestheboundariesofhumanunderstanding,dealingwithconceptsthatarefarremovedfromeverydayexperience.Onesuchconceptisthetheoryofrelativity,proposedbyAlbertEinstein.Thistheoryfundamentallychangedourperceptionofspaceandtime.AccordingtoEinstein,spaceandtimearenotabsolutebutareinterwovenintoasinglecontinuumknownasspace-time.Thebehaviorofobjectsinspace-timeisgovernedbythespeedoflight,whichremainsconstantregardlessoftheobserver'smotion.OneofthemostfamousconsequencesofrelativityistheequationE=m.Thisequationestablishestheequivalenceofmass(m)andenergy(E),withHowever,thetheoryofrelativityisnotwithoutitscomplexities.Generalrelativity,whichextendsthetheorytoincludegravity,describesgravitynotasaforcebutasacurvatureofspace-timecausedbymassandenergy.Thiscurvaturedictateshowobjectsmove.Forinstance,theEarthorbitstheSunnotbecauseofamysteriousforcepullingit,butbecausetheSun'smasscurvesthespace-timearoundit,andtheEarthfollowsthecurvedpath.Recentexperimentshavecontinuedtotestthelimitsofrelativity.Thedetectionofgravitationalwaves—ripplesinspace-timecausedbyviolentcosmiceventslikecollidingblackholes—hasprovideddirectevidenceforEinstein'spredictions.Thesediscoveriesopennewwindowsintotheuniverse,allowingastronomerstoobservephenomenathatwerepreviouslyinvisible.Astechnologyadvances,ourabilitytoprobethedeepestsecretsofthecosmosimproves,bringingusclosertoaunifiedtheoryofphysics.46.Whatdoesthetheoryofrelativityprimarilyconcern?[A]Thebehavioroflightinavacuum.[B]Theinterconnectionofspaceandtime.[C]Thestructureofatoms.[D]Theprinciplesofnuclearpower.47.WhatdoestheequationE=[A]Energyisequaltothespeedoflight.[B]Massandtimeareinterchangeable.[C]Masscanbeconvertedintoenergy.[D]Thespeedoflightisvariable.448.Accordingtogeneralrelativity,whatcausesgravity?[A]Amysteriousforcebetweenobjects.[B]TherotationoftheEarth.[C]Thecurvatureofspace-timebymass.[D]ThemagneticfieldoftheSun.49.Whataregravitationalwaves?[A]Wavesofenergyemittedbyatoms.[B]Ripplesinspace-timecausedbycosmicevents.[C]Lightwavesfromdistantstars.[D]Soundwavestravelingthroughspace.50.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?[A]AlbertEinsteinwasthemostintelligentphysicist.[B]Nuclearpowerisdangerousbutuseful.[C]Thetheoryofrelativityrevolutionizedphysicsandcontinuestobevalidated.[D]Space-timeisacomplexandmisunderstoodconcept.PassageTwoTheconceptof"culturalcapital"wasintroducedbysociologistPierreBourdieu.Itreferstothenon-financialsocialassetsthatpromotesocialmobility,suchaseducation,intellect,styleofspeech,dress,orotherformsofculturalknowledge.Unlikeeconomiccapital,whichisdirectlymeasurableintermsofmoney,culturalcapitalismoresubtlebutequallypowerfulindetermininganindividual'spositioninthesocialhierarchy.Bourdieuidentifiedthreeformsofculturalcapital.Thefirstis"embodiedstate,"whichinvolvesthemindandbody.Itrequireslong-termcultivationandcannotbetransmittedinstantaneously,likebuyingacommodity.Forexample,aperson'saccentorpostureisanembodiedformofculturalcapitalthatoftenreflectstheirupbringing.Thesecondformis"objectifiedstate,"whichreferstoculturalgoodssuchasbooks,instruments,ormachines.Topossesstheseobjects,oneneedseconomiccapital,buttoutilizethemeffectively(e.g.,tounderstandapaintingorplayaviolin),onerequiresembodiedculturalcapital.Thethirdformis"institutionalizedstate,"typicallyrecognizedbyeducationalqualifications.Academicdegreesandcredentialsobjectivelyvalidateaperson'sculturalcapital,makingiteasiertoconvertintoeconomiccapitalonthelabormarket.Thesignificanceofculturalcapitalliesinitsroleinreproducingsocialinequality.Schools,forinstance,oftenvaluetheculturalcapitalofthedominantclasses.Childrenfromprivilegedbackgroundsarelikelytopossessthelinguisticskillsandculturalknowledgethatschoolsreward,givingthemanadvantageovertheirpeersfromlessprivilegedbackgrounds.Consequently,theeducationsystem,ratherthanbeingagreatequalizer,oftenperpetuatesthestatusquo.CriticsarguethatBourdieu'stheoryisoverlydeterministic,leavinglittleroomforindividualagency.Theypointoutthatpeoplefromdisadvantagedbackgroundscananddosucceedbyacquiringculturalcapitalthroughtheirownefforts.However,Bourdieu'sframeworkremainsapowerfultoolforanalyzinghowsocialinequalitiespersistacrossgenerations.Ithighlightsthatsuccessisnotmerelyaresultofhardworkbutisalsoinfluencedbytheinvisibleculturalassetsoneinheritsoracquires.51.WhatisculturalcapitalaccordingtoPierreBourdieu?[A]Financialassetsownedbyafamily.[B]Non-financialsocialassetsthataidsocialmobility.[C]Physicalcapitallikelandandbuildings.[D]Intellectualpropertyrights.52.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof"embodiedstate"culturalcapital?[A]Owningararecollectionofbooks.[B]HavingaPhDdegree.[C]Speakingwithaspecificaccent.[D]Inheritingalargesumofmoney.53.Howdoes"institutionalizedstate"culturalcapitalbenefitaperson?[A]Itvalidatestheirculturalcapitalobjectively.[B]Itallowsthemtobuyculturalgoods.[C]Itimprovestheirphysicalposture.[D]Itguaranteesthemahighincome.54.Whymighttheeducationsystemperpetuatesocialinequalityaccordingtothetext?[A]Itchargeshightuitionfees.[B]Itfavorstheculturalcapitalofdominantclasses.[C]Itrefusestoadmitstudentsfrompoorbackgrounds.[D]Itfocusessolelyonacademicsubjects.55.WhatisthemaincriticismofBourdieu'stheorymentionedinthepassage?[A]Itistoofocusedoneconomicfactors.[B]Itignorestheroleofeducation.[C]Itistoodeterministicandignoresindividualagency.[D]Itisoutdatedandnotapplicabletomodernsociety.PassageThreeTheglobalpopulationisagingatanunprecedentedrate.Thisdemographicshiftpresentsbothchallengesandopportunitiesforsocietiesworldwide.By2050,thenumberofpeopleaged60andoverisexpectedtodouble,reachingnearly2.1billion.Thisphenomenon,knownasthe"silvertsunami,"isdrivenbydecliningfertilityratesandincreasinglifeexpectancyduetoadvancementsinhealthcareandlivingstandards.Oneoftheprimarychallengesisthestrainonpensionandhealthcaresystems.Asthenumberofretireesgrows,theworkforcerelativetothedependentpopulationshrinks.Thisimbalancecreatespressureonsocialsecurityfunds,whichrelyoncontributionsfromcurrentworkerstopaybenefitstocurrentretirees.Governmentsmayfacedifficultchoices,suchasraisingtheretirementage,increasingtaxes,orreducingbenefits.Additionally,thehealthcaredemandforage-relatedchronicdiseases,suchasdementiaandcardiovasculardiseases,willsurge,requiringsignificantinvestmentinmedicalinfrastructureandlong-termcare.However,theagingpopulationalsooffersopportunities.Olderadultsrepresentavastreservoirofexperience,knowledge,andskills.Manyarewillingandabletocontinueworkingorengaginginvolunteeractivities,contributingtotheeconomyandsociety.Policiesthatpromote"activeaging"canhelpharnessthispotential.Thisincludescreatingage-friendlyworkplaces,providinglifelonglearningopportunities,andcombatingagediscrimination.Furthermore,the"silvereconomy"—theeconomicactivitygeneratedbytheneedsofolderpeople—isagrowingmarket.Industriessuchaspharmaceuticals,healthcare,tourism,andfinancialservicesareadaptingtocatertothisdemographic.Technologicalinnovations,particularlyinassistivetechnologiesandsmarthomes,areimprovingthequalityoflifefortheelderlyandcreatingnewbusinessavenues.Tosuccessfullynavigatethisdemographictransition,aholisticapproachisrequired.Itinvolvesrethinkingsocialpolicies,economicstructures,andculturalattitudestowardsaging.Intergenerationalsolidarityiskey;ensuringthattheneedsoftheoldaremetwithoutcompromisingthefutureoftheyoung.Byembracingthechangesandleveragingtheopportunities,societiescanturnthe"silvertsunami"intoa"silverdividend."56.Whatisthemaincauseofthe"silvertsunami"?[A]Highbirthratesandimmigration.[B]Decliningfertilityratesandincreasinglifeexpectancy.[C]Governmentpoliciespromotingearlyretirement.[D]Improvementsineducationandemployment.57.Whatisadirectconsequenceoftheshrinkingworkforce?[A]Adecreaseinthedemandforhealthcare.[B]Pressureonpensionandsocialsecuritysystems.[C]Anincreaseinthebirthrate.[D]Areductioninthequalityoflife.58.Whatdoestheterm"activeaging"referto?[A]Keepingolderpeoplephysicallyactivethroughsports.[B]Encouragingolderadultstocontributetosocietyandtheeconomy.[C]Movingolderadultstoretirementcommunities.[D]Providingfreehealthcaretotheelderly.59.Whatisthe"silvereconomy"?[A]Theeconomyofthepastwhensilverwascurrency.[B]Theeconomicactivitygeneratedbytheneedsofolderpeople.[C]Agovernmentfundtosupporttheelderly.[D]Theeconomiccontributionoftheminingindustry.60.Whatistheauthor'soveralltonetowardstheagingpopulation?[A]Pessimisticandworried.[B]Optimisticandopportunistic.[C]Neutralandobjective.[D]Criticalanddismissive.第二节：信息匹配阅读下列短文，并根据短文内容，将下列句子分别填入文中合适的位置，使短文意思完整，结构连贯。其中有两个选项是多余的。A.However,thisconveniencecomesatacost.B.Thiscreatesasenseofisolationandloneliness.C.Technologyhasrevolutionizedthewaywecommunicate.D.Socialmediaplatformsaredesignedtobeaddictive.E.Peoplearenowmoreconnectedthaneverbefore.F.Face-to-faceinteractionshavesignificantlydecreased.G.Itallowsustostayintouchwithfriendsandfamilyacrosstheglobe.Theimpactofdigitaltechnologyonhumanrelationshipsisprofoundandmultifaceted.(61)______.Wecansendmessages,sharephotos,andvideochatinstantly,breakingdowngeographicalbarriers.(62)______.Despitethesetechnologicalbridges,somepsychologistsarguethatthequalityofourrelationshipsissuffering.Onemajorissueisthesuperficialityofonlineconnections.Likesandcommentsonpostsoftenreplacedeep,meaningfulconversations.(63)______.Wemayhavehundredsof"friends"online,butfewpeoplewecantrulyrelyonduringacrisis.Furthermore,theconstanturgetocheckourphonescandetractfromourimmediatesurroundings.(64)______.Insteadofengagingwiththepersonsittingnexttous,weareoftengluedtoourscreens,ignoringthephysicalpresenceofothers.Moreover,thecuratednatureofsocialmediacanleadtofeelingsofinadequacyandenvy.Peopletendtoshareonlythehighlightsoftheirlives,creatinganunrealisticbenchmarkforothers.(65)______.Thiscanaffectmentalhealthandstrainrelationshipsasindividualscomparetheirbehind-the-scenesrealitywithothers'highlightreels.第四部分写作第一节：摘要写作阅读下面的短文，然后写一篇约150词的摘要。Theconceptofa"circulareconomy"isgainingtractionasasustainablealternativetothetraditionallineareconomy.Inalineareconomy,resourcesareextracted,productsaremanufactured,used,andthendiscardedaswaste.This"take-make-dispose"modelreliesonlargequantitiesofcheap,easilyaccessiblematerialsandenergy,anditisreachingitsphysicallimits.Thecirculareconomy,incontrast,isregenerativebydesign.Itaimstokeepproducts,components,andmaterialsinuseforaslongaspossible,extractingthemaximumvaluefromthem,thenrecoveringandregeneratingproductsandmaterialsattheendoftheirservicelife.Therearethreecoreprinciplesofthecirculareconomy.Thefirstistodesignoutwasteandpollution.Bychangingourmindsetsothatwasteisdesignedoutofthesystemfromthebeginning,wecanpreventitfromoccurringinthefirstplace.Thesecondprincipleistokeepproductsandmaterialsinuse.Thisinvolvescreatingdurableproductsanddesigningsystemsthatallowforrepair,reuse,remanufacturing,andrefurbishing.Thethirdprincipleistoregeneratenaturalsystems.Ratherthanjustextractingresources,weshouldreturnnutrientstothesoilandotherecosystemstosupportregeneration.Transitioningtoacirculareconomyrequiresinnovationandcollaborationacrossindustries.Itchallengesbusinessestorethinktheirbusinessmodels,movingawayfromsellingproductstowardssellingservices.Forexample,insteadofsellinglightbulbs,acompanymightselllightingservices,retainingownershipofthebulbsandensuringtheyarerecycledorrefurbished.Thisshiftnotonlyreducesenvironmentalimpactbutalsoofferseconomicbenefits,suchascostsavingsandnewrevenuestreams.Ultimately,thecirculareconomypresentsapathwaytoafuturethatisrestorativeandresilient.第二节：命题作文根据下面的提示写一篇约250-300词的作文。Title:TheRoleofCriticalThinkingintheInformationAgeInthemodernera,wearebombardedwithinformationfromvarioussourcessuchassocialmedia,newsoutlets,andblogs.Muchofthisinformationisunfilteredandcanbemisleadingorfalse.Writeanessaydiscussingtheimportanceofcriticalthinkingskillsinnavigatingtheinformationage.Youressayshouldinclude:1.Thechallengesposedbytheabundanceofinformation.2.Whycriticalthinkingisessential.3.Waystocultivatecriticalthinkingskills.参考答案及解析第一部分听力理解1.[A]细节题。女士建议男士去请教Smith教授，因为他是统计学专家。2.[A]推理题。男士建议女士检查床头柜的抽屉，暗示护照可能在那里。3.[B]推理题。女士说有两张多余的票，并且问男士是否想一起去，说明她有一张多余的票给男士。4.[B]主旨题。对话中提到了天气寒冷和刮冰，主要讨论的是天气。5.[C]建议题。女士建议等到黑色星期五促销时再买，可以省钱。6.[B]原因题。男士说他因为加班错过了比赛。7.[C]建议题。女士同意男士的观点，并建议从家里带午饭。8.[B]态度题。男士提到晋升意味着更多的责任、更高的薪水但也意味着更长的工作时间，说明他认为有利有弊。9.[B]细节题。男士说特快专递太贵了。10.[B]细节题。男士以为女士原本打算学经济学。11.[B]细节题。根据独白内容，传说中是一个叫Kaldi的牧羊人发现了咖啡。12.[B]细节题。僧侣们使用咖啡浆果是为了在长时间的祈祷中保持清醒。13.[C]细节题。qahvehkhaneh是社交活动的中心，人们在那里交换新闻和想法。14.[B]细节题。女士的论文题目是关于城市环境中太阳能电池板的效率。15.[B]细节题。教授提到钙钛矿电池在弱光条件下表现更好，适合有遮挡的城市环境。16.[C]建议题。教授建议女士查阅特定的期刊如《NatureEnergy》来获取数据。17.[C]细节题。零工经济的特点是短期合同或自由职业工作。18.[C]细节题。文中提到零工经济为工人提供了灵活性。19.[B]细节题。批评者指出零工工人缺乏福利和保护。20.[C]推理题。演讲者认为未来的工作模式将是传统雇佣和零工工作的混合体。第二部分英语知识运用21.[A]考查时态。bythetime引导的时间状语从句若用过去时，主句通常用过去完成时。22.[A]考查虚拟语气。Itisessentialthat...结构中，that从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should)+动词原形。23.[A]考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句通常用which引导。24.[A]考查介词短语。Dueto表示“由于，因为”。25.[C]考查虚拟语气。wouldrather后接从句时，若表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。26.[B]考查主谓一致。“Thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。27.[B]考查倒装句。Notuntil置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。28.[B]考查主谓一致。aswellas连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词与前面的名词一致。29.[B]考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，定语从句用that引导。30.[A]考查虚拟语