考研英语（一）模拟试卷222

考研英语（一）模拟试卷222

一、完型填空(本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。)

ErnestHemingwaywasoneofthemostimportantAmericanwritersinthehistoryof

contemporaryAmericanliterature.Hewasthe[Cl]spokespersonfortheLost

GenerationandalsothesixthAmericantowintheNobelPrizeforLiterature(1954).His

writingstyleandpersonallife[C2]a[C3]influenceonAmerican

writersofhistime.HemingwaywasbornonJuly21,1899inadoctor'sfamilyinOak

Park,inthe[C4]ofChicago.Thenovel[C5]established

Hemingway's[C6]wasTheSunAlsoRises(1926).Thestorydescribedagroup

of[C7]AmericansandBritonslivinginFrance.Thatisto[C8],it

describedthelifeofthemembersofthe[C9]LostGenerationafterWorldWar

I.Hemingway'ssecondmajornovelwasAFarewelltoArms(1929),alovestory

[CIO]inwartimeItaly.Thatnovelwas[Cl1]byDeathinthe

Afternoon(1932)andGreenHillsofAfrica(1935).Histwo[C12]ofshort

storiesMenwithoutWomen(1927)andWinnerTakeNothing(1933)establishedhis

fame[C13]—themasterofshortstories.Inthelate1930's,Hemingwaybeganto

express[C14]aboutsocialproblems.HisnovelToHaveandHaveNot(1937)

[C15]economicandpoliticalinjustices.ThenovelForWhomtheBellTolls

(1940)[C16]theconflictoftheSpanishCivilWar.In1952,Hemingway

publishedem>TheOldManandtheSea,for[C17]hewonthe1953Pulitzer

Prize.In1954,Hemingwaywas[CI8]theNobelPrizeofLiterature.Later,

being[C19]andill,heshot[C20]onJuly2,1961.

1、[Cl]

A、outstanding

monotonous

CNawkward

D、modest

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查点是逆向推断。本题空白处后面的信息内容“andalsothe

sixthAmericantowintheNobelPrizeforlileralure(第六个获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国

人)”提示本题应该选择A(outstanding突出的)这个褒义词，以便使本句所表达的内

容保持前后致。

2、[C2]

A^simulated

B、exerted

C、stimulated

D^exceeded

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查点是词语的固定使用。本题空白处后面的信息内容

“…influenceon...（对...的影响）''提示本题应该选用B（exerted产生），因为这样才

能构成“exertaninfluenceon…”这一常用的固定表达方式。

3、（C31

A^offensive

B>progressive

C、nominal

D^profound

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查点是词语的固定使用。本题空白处后面的信息内容

“influenceon...（对于...的影响）”提示本题应该选用一个经常修饰名词"influence”

的形容词，故本题应该选用D（profound深刻的），因为该词经常修饰限定名词

“influence”。表达”深刻的影响”之含义。

4、[C4]

A、suburbs

B、summit

C^mall

D、circus

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查点是词语的固定使用。木题测试英语常用的固定表达方式之

一"inthesuburbsof…（在...的郊区厂,故本题应该选用A（suburbs郊区）。

5、[C5]

A、inthat

B、what

C、whose

D^that

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查点是定语从句。本题空白处后面的信息内容（动词“was”和

“established”）提示本句应该选用D（that）,以便使本句中的“5establishedo

Hemingway'sreputation”构成一个定语从句，因为这样才能保持本句在语法结构上

的正确。

6、[C6]

A、institution

B、villa

C^reputation

D、pursuit

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查点是语境推断。本题空白处前面的信息内容…thenovelthat

establishedHemingway，s...（确立海明威的...的小说）”提示本题应该选择

C（reputation声誉），因为这样才能完整表达全文中心主旨句（首段第一句）的内容（海

明威是美国现代文学史上最重要的作家之一）。

7、[C7]

A^ambitious

B>expatriate

C、learned

D^wealthy

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查点是逆向推断。本题空白处后面的信息内容“Americansand

BritonslivinginFrance（生活在法国的美国人和英国人）”提示本题应该选用

B（expatriale移居国外的），因为这样才可.以保持空白处信息内容与空白处后面信息

内容的正确和一致性。

8、[C8]

A、speak

B、observe

C^say

D、remark

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查点是词语的固定使用。本题的四个选项均含有“说”的意思。

但是本题的测试点是英语的固定表达法之一“Thatistosay（也就是说广，故本题应该

选C。

9、[C9]

A、so-called

B、registered

C^refined

D、classical

标准答案:A

知识点解析：本题考查点是逆向推断。本题空白处后面的信息内容“LostGeneration

迷惘的一代''提示本题应该选用A（so-called所谓的），因为这样才能与空白处后面表

达称谓的“LostGeneration”在语义上保持一致。

10、[C10]

A、set

published

C^sold

D、cited

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查点是逆向推断。本题空白处后面的信息内容“inwartime

Ilaly（战时的意大利）”提示本题应该选用A（sel设置背景等），因为只有这样才能表达

原文所要传达的信息内容，即“（小说的场景）设置在战时的意大利

II、[C11]

A、incorporated

combined

C、followed

D、shadowed

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查点是语境推断。本题空白处前面的信息内容“1926年和1929

年”以及空白处后面的信息内容“1932年和1935年”，均提示本题应该选用

[followed在时间上接着……来到），因为这样才能保持空白处前后的时间状语在

表述上的连贯和正确。

12、[C12]

A、volumes

B、collections

C、sections

D、chapters

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查点是文学知识。本题空白处后面的信息内容“ofshortstories

短篇小说的......”提示本题应该选用B（collections集子），因为这样表达才是“小说

集”的英语固定表达法。

13、[C13]

A、for

B、of

C>by

D^as

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查点是一词多义。本题的测试点是介词“as”一词的常用词义之

—“作为本题空白处前后的信息内容“hisfame（他的声誉）”和“themasterof

shortslories（短篇小说大师广均提示本题应选用D（as作为）。本词的另一个常用词义

是“和……一样,如同

14、[C14]

A、courage

B、fear

C^concern

D、confidence

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查点是语境推断。本题空白处前后的信息内容

“express______aboutsocialproblems俵达对社会问题的_____户提示本题应该选用

C（concem关心,关注），因为“表达对社会问题的关注“戛二诉常用的语言措辞方

式。

15、[C15]

A^commended

B>eliminated

C^condemned

D^assessed

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查点是语境推断。本题宅白处前后的信息内容“His

novel...economicandsocialinjustices（他的小说经济和社会的不公正）”

提示本题应该选用C（condemned谴责），因为“谴责经济和政治的不公正”是一种常

用的措辞表达方式。

16、[C16]

A、portrayed

B、quenched

C>evaluated

D、resolved

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查点是词语的固定使用。木题空白前后的信息内容“The

novel...------theconflictoftheSpanishCivilWar（小说西班牙内战的冲突）”提

示本题应该选用A（pomayed描述，描写），因为“小说描述或描绘……”是一种常见

的措辞表达方式c

17、[C17]

A、that

which

C、whom

D、what

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查点是定语从句。本题号白处前面的句子“Hemingway

publishedTheOldManandtheSea”和空白处后面的句子“hewonthe1953Pulitzer

Prize”提示本题测试点是定语从句，应该选用B（which引导定语从句）、因为本题空

白处前面有逗号并且有介词，故不能选用A（that引导定语从句）。

18、［C181

A、granted

B、offered

C^awarded

D^provided

标准答案：c

知识点。析：本题考查点是同义词辨析。本题四个选项均含有“给'’的意思，但是本

题空白处后面的“theNobelPrizeofLiterature（诺贝尔文学奖）”提示本题应该选用

C（awarded授予），因为这个词经常和“奖励”一起搭配使用。

19、[C19]

A、depressed

hesitant

C^legitimate

D、sensitive

标准答案：A

知识点解析•：本题考查点是逆向推断知识。本题空白处后面的信息内容“andill（生

病）''提示本题应该选用A（depressed抑郁的，沮丧的），因为这样才'能保持连词

“and”前后内容的连贯性和一致性。

20,[C20]

A、one

B、him

C>oneself

D、himself

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查点是代词的固定使用。本题重点测试反身代词"himsel「的使

用。由于本句的主语是“he”，本句所要表达的内容是“他开枪自杀”，故本题应该选

用D（himself他自己），因为英语的语法法则之一是：当主语和宾语相同时，宾语要

使用反身代词c

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题1.0

分,共20分。）

AdvertisinghasbeenamongEngland'sbiggestgrowthindustriessincethewar,interms

oftheratioofmoneyearningstodemonstrableachievement.Whyallthisfantastic

expenditure?Perhapstheansweristhatadvertisingsavesthemanufacturesfromhaving

tothinkaboutthecustomer.Atthestageofdesigninganddevelopingaproduct,thereis

quiteenoughtothinkaboutwithoutworryingoverwhetheranybodywillwanttobuyit.

Thedesignerisbusyenoughwithoutaddingcustomer-appealtoallhisotherproblemsof

man-hoursandmachinetolerancesandstressfactors.Sotheyjustgoaheadandmakethe

thingandleaveittotheadvertisertofindelevenwaysofmakingitappealtopurchasers

aftertheyhavefinishedit,bypretendingthatitconfers（授予）status,orattractslove,or

signifiesmanliness.Iftheadvertisingagencycandothisauthoritativelyenough,the

manufacturerisinclover（生活舒适）.Othermanufacturersfindadvertisingsavesthem

fromchangingtheirproduct.Andmanufacturershatechange.Theidealproductisone

whichgoesonunchangedfbrever.If,therefore,foronereasonoranother,some

alterationseemscalledfor,howmuchbettertochangetheimage,thepacketorthepitch

madebytheproduct,ratherthangotoalltheinconvenienceofchangingtheproduct

itself.Theadvertisingmanhastocombinethequalitiesofthethreemostauthoritative

professions:Church,Bar,andMedicine.Thegreatskillrequiredofourpriests,most

highlydevelopedinmissionariesbutpresent,indeedmandatory,inall,istheskillof

gettingpeopletobelieveinandcontributemoneytosomethingwhichcanneverbe

logicallyproved.AttheBar,anessentialabilityisthatofpresentingthemostpersuasive

caseyoucantoajuryofordinarypeople,withemotionalappealsmasqueradingas

logicalexposition:acaseyoudonotnecessarilyhavetobelieveinyourself,justoneyou

havestudiouslyavoideddiscoveringtobefalse.AsforMedicine,anydoctorwillconfirm

thatalargepartofhisjobisnotclinicaltreatmentbutfaithhealing.Hisapparently

scientificapproachenableshispatientstobelievethatheknowsexactlywhatiswrong

withthemandexactlywhattheyneedtoputthemright,justasadvertisingdoes—HRun

down?Youneed...”"Noonewilldancewithyou?Adabof...willmakeyoupopular."

Advertisingmenusestatisticsratherlikeadrunkusesalamppostforsupportratherthan

illumination.Theywilldressanyoneupinawhitecoattoappearlikeanunimpeachable

authorityor,failingthat,theywillevenbehappywiththeannouncement,"Asusedby

90%of（heactorswhoplaydoctorsontelevision."Theirengagingqualityis（haithey

enjoyhavingtheirlatestmsesuncoveredalmostasmuchasanyoneelse.

21、Advertisingareappreciatedbymanufacturersbecausethey.

A^advisethemonwaysofgivingaproductcustomerappeal

B、acceptresponsibilityforgivingaproductcustomerappeal

C、advisethemonthebesttimetogoaheadwithproduction

D^consultthemduringthedesignanddevelopmentstages

标准答案：B」

知识点解析：根据题干定位至原文第二段的第三到五句：Thedesignerisbusy

enoughwithoutaddingcustomer-appealtoallhisotherproblemsofman-hoursand

machinetolerancesandstressfactors.Sotheyjustgoaheadandmakethethingand

leaveittotheadvertisertofindelevenwaysofmakingitappealtopurchasersafterthey

havefinishedit,bypretendingthatitconfersstatus,orattractslove,orsignifies

manliness.Iftheadvertisingagencycandothisauthoritativelyenough,the

manufacturerisinclover.（设计人员在忙于考虑诸如劳动力时间、机器强度及JE力

因素时可以不考虑消费者喜好的因素。所以他们可以只管生产出产品，然后让广告

商通过声称此商品象征身份、地位，能够吸引爱情或是彰显男人魅力等，去寻找足

够的理由来吸引消费者购买。倘若广告商果真能做到足够令人信服，厂家就可高枕

无忧了。）故答案为［B］。

22、Thepassagetellsusthatsomemanufacturers,insteadofchangingtheirproduct,

wouldprefertochangeits.

A、productioncost

B、quality

C、marketvalue

D^appeal

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据题干定位至原文第三段第四句：［「therefore,foronereasonor

another,somealterationseemscalledfor,howmuchbettertochangetheimage,the

packetorthepitchmadebytheproduct,ratherthangotoalltheinconvenienceof

changingtheproductitself.（一旦需要改变产品，最好的办法莫过于改变外观形

象、包装或产品定位，而不是不辞辛苦地改变产品本身。）从“改变外观形象、包装

或产品定位”可知答案为［D］。

23、Accordingtothepassage,doctorsaremostsuccessfulwhentheyare.

A、authoritative

B>logical

C、emotional

D^scientific

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干定位至原文第四段第四、第五句：AsforMedicine,any

doctorwillconfirmthatalargepartofhisjobisnotclinicaltreatmentbutfaith

healing.Uisapparentlyscientificapproachenableshispatientstobelievethatheknows

exactlywhatiswrongwiththemandexactlywhattheyneedtoputthemright…（至于医

药，任何一位医生都会确信其工作在很大程度上不是临床治疗，而是信念治疗。他

用看起来科学的方法使病人相信医生确切知道他们的病情所在，以及需要用什么加

以救治...）；以及最后一段的第二句：Theywilldressanyoneupinawhitecoatto

appearlikeanunimpeachableauthorityor…（他们会让随便一个人衣上白大褂、使其

看起来像无可置疑的权威……）故答案为［A］。

24、Advertisingmendresspeopleupinwhitecoatsbecause.

A、itmakestheiradvertisementsmoreconspicuous

B、itmakestheiradvertisementsmoreconvincing

C、themajorityofTVdoctorsaredressedupinwhitecoats

D、itmakestheactorstakethejobseriously

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据题干定位至原文最后一段的第二句：Theywilldressanyoneupin

awhitecoaltoappearlikeanunimpeachableauthorityor…（他们会让随便一个人穿上

白大褂，使其看起来像无可置疑的权威……）故答案为［B］。

25、Theadvertisers^ttitudeisbasedonthehopethatconsumers

A^knowdeepdownwhattheyreallywant

B、arcinterestedinwhatisbeingdesigned

C、areindifferenttowhatisbeingadvertised

D^areuncriticalandeasilyinfluenced

标准答案：D

知识点解析：纵观全文，广告商希望消费者没有太多主见，随波逐流，被他们牵着

鼻子走。故答案为［D］。

SomeoftheconcernssurroundingTurkey'sapplicationtojointheEuropeanUnion,tobe

votedonbytheEU'sCouncilofMinistersonDecember17th,areeconomic一in

particular,thecountry'srelativepoverty.ItsGDPperheadislessthanathirdofthe

averageforthe15p「c-2004membersoftheEU.Butitisnotfaroffthatofoneoftheten

newmemberswhichjoinedonMay1st,2004(Latvia),anditismuchthesameasthoseof

twocountries,BulgariaandRomania,whichthisweekconcludedaccessiontalkswiththe

EUthatcouldmakethemfullmembersonJanuary1st,2007.Furthermore,thecountry's

recenteconomicprogresshasbeen,accordingtoDonaldJohnston,thesecretary-general

oftheOECD,"stunning."GDPinthesecondquarteroftheyearwas13.4%higherthana

yearearlier,arateofgrowththatnoEUcountrycomesclosetomatching.Turkey's

inflationratehasjustfallenintosinglefiguresforthefirsttimesince1972,andthisweek

thecountryreachedagreementwiththeIMFonanewthrcc-ycar,$10billioneconomic

programmethatwill,accordingtotheIMF'smanagingdirector,RodrigoRato,"help

Turkey...reduceinnationtowardEuropeanlevels,andenhancetheeconomy's

resilience.nResiliencehasnothistoricallybeenthecountry'seconomicstrongpoint.As

recentlyas2001,GDPfellbyover7%.Itfellbymorethan5%in1994,andbyjustunder

5%in1999.Indeed,throughoutthe1990sgrowthoscillatedlikeanelectrocardiogram

recordingaviolentheanattack.Thisirregularityhasbeenoneofthemainreasons(along

withredtapeandcorruption)whythecountryhasfaileddismallytoattractmuch-nccdcd

foreigndirectinvestment.Itsstockofsuchinvestment(asapercentageofGDP)islower

nowthanitwasinthe1980s,andannualinflowshavescarcelyeverreached$1billion

(whereasIrelandattractedover$25billionin2003,asdidBrazilineveryyearfrom1998

to2000).OnedeterrenttoforeigninvestorsisduetodisappearonJanuary1st,2005.On

thatday,Turkeywilltakeawaytherightofvirtuallyeveryoneofitscitizenstocall

themselvesamillionaire.Sixnaughtswillberemovedfromthefacevalueofthelira,one

unitofthelocalcurrencywillhencelorthbeworthwhat1marenow—ie,about00.53

($0.70).Goodswillhavetobepricedinboththenewandoldliraforthewholeofthe

year,butforeignbankersandinvestorscanbegintolookforwardtoalimeinTurkey

whentheywillnolongerhavetojugglementallywithindeterminatestringsofzeros.

26、WhatisTurkey'seconomicsituationnow?

A、ItsGDPperheadisfarlaggingbehindthatoftheEUmembers.

B、Itsinflationrateisstillrising.

C、ItseconomygrowsfasterthananyEUmember.

D、Itseconomicresilienceisverystrong.

标准答案：C」

知识点解析：根据文章第二段第一句，土耳其的经济发展“十分惊人”。紧接着，作

者以数据说明土耳其本年度第二季度的GDP增长arateofgrowththatnoEUcountry

comesclosetomatching,可见其经济发展速度超过其他任何欧盟成员。故答案为

|C|o

27、Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat.

A、TurkeywillsooncatchtheaverageGDPlevelofthe15pre-2004EUmembers

B>inllationrateinTurkeyusedtobeveryhigh

C>Turkey'seconomywillkeepgrowingatpresentrate

D^IMF'seconomicprogramwillhelpTurkeyjointheEU

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据文章第二段Turkey'sinflationratehasjustfallenintosinglefigures

forthefirsttimesince1972可知“土耳其的通货膨胀率自1972年以来首次跌进个位

数”，这说明以前的通货膨胀率都在两位数甚至更高，是非常高的数字。故答案为

［B］o

28、1'hcword"oscillated"(Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans.

A、fell

climbed

C、developed

D、swang

标准答案：D

知识点解析：这个词的意思可以根据文中第三段所用的明喻判断出来。文中说，20

世纪整个90年代，土耳其的GDP增长就好像“猛烈的心脏病发作时的心电图一

样”，可见GDP增长时高时低，峰谷之间的差异较大，所以oscillated最有可能的

意思就是“摆动，震荡、'，只有swang的意思与之相符，故答案为［D］。

29、SpeakingofTurkey'sforeigndirectinvestment,theauthorimpliesthat

A^it'sstockisfarlessthanthatofothercountries

B、itdocsnothavemuchinfluenceonTurkey'seconomicprogress

C、steadyGDPgrowthv/illhelpTurkeyattractmoreforeigndirectinvestment

D^Turkey'seconomicresiliencereliesonforeigndirectinvestment

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据文章第三段Thisirregularityhasbeenoneofthemain

reasons...whythecountryhasfaileddismallytoartractmuch-neededforeigndirect

investment可知，GDP的不规律性是导致土耳其难以吸引外国直接投资的主要原

因，可见稳定的GDP增长有助于土耳其吸引更多的外国直接投资。

30、Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat.

ANforeigninvestmentenvironmentinTurkeywillbecomebetter

B、Turkey?scitizenswillsufferheavylossduetothechangeofthefacevalueofthelira

C>thelocalcurrencywilldepreciatewiththeremovalofsixnaughtsfromthefacevalue

D、pricesofgoodswillgoup

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章在第一段和第二段介绍土耳其经济的快速增长。第三段分析了过

去不能吸引外国直接投资的主要原因之一：经济发展不规律性。文章最后一段介绍

了将取消妨碍外国投资者的一个因素。由此可见，土耳其的外国投资环境将变得更

好。故答案为［A］。

ThegiantMirafioriplantinTurinistheheartofFiatAuto,thetroubledcardivisionof

theFiatgroup.Astheearlyshifttroopedhomeat2pmonOctober9th,themoodwas

pessimistic.Theworkersknewthatthebossesweremeetingunionleaderslaterthat

afternooninRometoannounce8,100jobcutsacrossthegroup'scarfactories.Thisison

topof3,000joblossesannouncedearlierthisyear.Workersexpectone-thirdof

Mirafiori's12,000employeestobegonebynextJuly.Fiatsaysthatallbut500ofthe

totalaretemporarylay-offs,tolastaboutayear.Butthemoroseworkerspassingthrough

Mirafiori'sgatesdoubtthatthejobswillevercomeback,whateverthefirmsaysabout

newmodelsandfutureinvestment.FiatAutowilllosearound€1billion($987m)this

year,wipingoutprofitsinotherpartsofthegroup,whichmakeseverythingfromlonies

andtractorstorobots.Fiat'sbosseshavebeenindenialforyearsaboutthecompany's

massiveover-capacity,thecauseofgrowinglossesassalesslumped.FiveyearsagoFiat

Automade2.6mcarsayearandprofitsofC758m.Sincethenithasrecordedalossin

everyyearbarone.Thisyearitwillproducebarely1.9mcars.Itsbanksforceda

restructuringinMay,andthechiefexecutiveofitsFiatgroupparenthadtoresignafew

weekslater.ThepainisbadenoughinnorthernItaly,whereunemploymentisbarely4%,

butitwillbefeltmoreelsewhere.TheTerminiImereseplantinSicilyistolayoff1,800

workers.Unionssaythatcutsamongsupplierscoulddoublethenumberofpeoplehit.

Thelocalofficialjoblessrateisalready18%(thoughthisignoresalively"informal"

economy).ThisisposinganastyproblemforthegovernmentofSilvioBerlusconi,vzhich

polledstronglyinSicilybinisnoiinclinedioaidtroubledfirms.Fiat'sbelaied

willingnesstotaketoughstepstoaligncapacitywithdemandisdowntothegroup'snew

boss,GabrieleGalateri,choseninJunetorescuethefirm,whichis30%ownedby

Agnellifamilyinterests.Hisaimistorestorecredibility,arrestthealarmingplungeinthe

company'ssharepriceandpersuadethebanksthatheissortingouttheFiatAutomess,so

astowintheirsupportforafurtherrecapitalisation.CloselywatchingthisItaliandrama

arebossesofGeneralMotors,ownersof20%ofFiatAuto.TheItalianshaveanoptionto

selltheremainingsharestoGMfromJanuary2004.GM,whichhasitsownproblemsin

Europe,isdesperateforFiatAutotosortitselfoutbeforeitcanbeforcedtotakeover.

AlthoughtheAgnellifamilypatriarch,theailing81-year-oldGianniAgnelli,isopposed

tosuchasale,mostanalystsexpectthatItaly'sproudestmanufacturingcompanywillend

upinAmericanhands.

31、TheworkersinFiat'splantwerepessimisticbecause.

A^thecardivisionoftheFiatgroupwasintrouble

B、newmodelsandfutureinvestmentpromisednohopeofgettingtheirjobsback

C^therewillbeheavyjeblossesinthegiantMirafioriplant

D、theywerefacingthethreatoflosingtheirjobs

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第一段提到，工厂老板将和工会领导就裁员的问题进行会晤，并

宣布大批裁员，这是一年之内的第二次大规模裁员。虽然公司许诺大多数人只是暂

时被解雇，但工人们怀糜工作是否还会回来。可见，令他们悲观的是自己将被解

雇。

32、Welearnfromthesecondparagraphthat.

A、themarketdemandforFiatcarsnowisfarlowerthanitwasfiveyearsago

B>FiatAuloistheonlypartofthegroupthatisrunningataloss

C>FiatAutoissellingcarsmorethantheycanproduce

D^thecauseofFiat'stroubleisthesluggishItalianeconomy

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章第二段提到菲亚特汽车公司五年前生产260万辆汽车仍然能够盈

利，而现在只生产190万辆汽车，可见菲亚特汽车的市场需求比以前下降很多。

33、Accordingtothetext,Fiafsjobcuts

A、triggerawaveofjobcutsinothercompanies

B、becomeaheadacheofItaliangovernment

C、doublethenumberofjoblesspeopleinnorthernItaly

D、forceItaliangovernmenttoaidit

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：根据文章第三段，菲亚特裁员将会使地方失业率上升，让不想援助困

难公司的贝卢斯科尼政府犯难(poseanastyproblem)□可见菲亚特公司裁员成了令

意大利政府头痛的事情。

34、WhichofthefollowingisNOTameasureFiatAutotooktocombatgrowinglosses?

A、Preventingsharepricefromfalling

B、Layingoffworkers

C、Reducingproduction

D^Replacementoftheboss

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文中谈到菲亚特汽车公司的问题时，也谈到了相应的措施(尽管没有

直接说明)，如裁员、换总裁、减少产量等。防止股价下跌是新任总裁制定的目

标。这和措施不能混为一谈。

35、Wecandrawaconclusionfromthelastparagraphthat

A^FiatAutocanhardlysolveitsownproblems

B、GMwillbehappytobuytheremainingsharesofFiatAuto

C、theAgnellifamilyhasafinalsaytowhetherFiatAutoshouldbesoldout

D^Americansarebetteratrunningcarcompanies

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：根据文章最后一段，GM希望菲亚特自己把问题解决好，免得由GM

接管。然而大多数分析人士认为菲亚特公司最终将落人美国人的手里，也就是说菲

亚特的问题已经不是自己能够独立解决的了。故答案为［A］。

Thankstoslumpingmarkets,investmentbanksaresheddingmanyoftheirhighly-paid

traders.Whenmarketsrecover,thebanksmightbetemptedtoreplacethemwithrather

cheapertalent.Onealternativehasbeenaroundforawhilebuthasyettocatchon:

autonomoustradingagents-computersprogrammedtoactlikethehumanversion

withoutsuchpeskycostsasholidays,lunchbreaksorbonuses.Programtradinghas,of

course,beendonebefore;someblamedthe1987stockmarketcrashoncomputers

instructedwithsimpledecision-makingrules.Butrobotscanbesmarterthanthat.Dave

Cliff,aresearcheratHewlett-PackardLaboratoriesinBristol,England,hasbeencreating

tradingrobotsforsevenyears.Incomputersimulationsheletsthemevolve"genetically,"

andsoallowsthemtoadaptandfitmodelsofreal-worldfinancialmarkets.His

experimentshavesuggestedthataredesignofsomemarketscouldleadtogreater

efficiency.Lastyear,aresearchgroupatIBMshowedthatMrCliffsartificialtraders

couldconsistentlybeatthehumanvariety,invariouskindsofmarket.Nearlyalltakethe

shapeofanauction.Onewell-knowntypeistheEnglishauction,familiartopatronsof

thesalesroomsofChristie'sandSotheby's,wheresellerskeepmumontheirofferprice,

andbuyersincreasetheirbidsbystagesuntilonlyoneremains.Attheotherextremeis

theDutchauction,familiarto17th-centurytulip-tradersintheNetherlandsaswellasto

biddersforAmericanTreasurybonds.Here,buyersremainsilent,andasellerreduceshis

priceuntilitisaccepted.Mostmarketsforshares,commodities,foreignexchangeand

derivativesareahybridofthesetwotypes:buyersandsellerscanannouncetheirbidor

offerpricesatanytime,anddealsareconstantlybeingclosed,aso-called"continuous

doubleauction."MrCliffsnovelideawastoapplyhisevolutionarycomputerprograms

tomarketplacesthemselves.Whynot,hethought,tryandsecwhattypesofauction

wouldlettradersconvergemostquicklytowardsanequilibriumprice?Theresultswere

surprising.Inhismodels,auctionsthatletbuyersandsellersbidatanytimelikemostof

today'sfinancialexchangeswerelessefficientthanonesthatrequiredrelativelymore

bidsfromeitherbuyersorsellers.These"evolvedauctions"alsowithstoodbigmarket

shocks,suchascrashesandpanics,betterthantoday'sreal-worldversions.MrCliffs

mostrecentresults,whichwillbepresentedinSydney,Australia,onDecember1Oth,

showthatthebesttypeofauctionforanymarketdependscruciallyonevenslight

differencesinthenumberofbuyersandsellers.BankofAmericahasbeeninvestigating

thesenewauctions,alongwithrobotictraders,forpossibleuseinelectronicexchanges.

Thehopeisthattoday'sfinancialauctionsandonlinemarketplacesmightworkbetterby

becomingmoreliketheirEnglishandDutchforebears.Butwhattocallsuchmulti-ethnic

hybrids?Here'sintroducingthe"Cliffhanger."

36、Thepassageismainly.

A、areviewofIwokindsofauctions

B、anintroductionoftradingrobots

C、asurveyofthetradingmarket

D、abouttradingalternatives

标准答案：B「

知识点解析：判断文章主旨要从文章整体来把握。文章第一段说明机器人交易员可

以替代人类从事交易工祚。接下来作者介绍了其研发过程及其模拟的几种拍卖形式

以及它在拍卖中的表现，最后一段对这种机器人交易员的前景进行了展望，可见全

文都是在介绍机器人交易员。故答案为［B］。

37、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

A、David'srobottradershavenowbeenusedinreal-worldmarkets.

B、Robottraderscanevolvelikecreatures.

C^Thereisroomforimprovementinefficiencyintradingmarkets.

D、TheEnglishauctionisthemostpopulartradingform.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据文章第二段第三句aredesignofsomemarketscouldleadtogreater

efficiency可知”对某些市场进行重新设计可能会大幅提高效率”。可见，交易市场

仍然有提高效率的空间。

38、IfyouweretradingAmericanTreasurybonds,youwouldmostlikelytakethe

tradingformof.

A、theEnglishauction

B、thecontinuousdoubleauction

C^theDutchauction

D、theevolvedauction

标准答案：C

知识点露析：文章第三段介绍荷兰式拍卖时说它是，今天竞拍美国国库券竞标人所

熟悉的一种拍卖形式可见，如果交易美国国库券，最有可能采用荷兰式拍卖方

式。

39、Wecaninferfromthetextthat.

A、existingauctionscannotwithstandmarketshocks

R、theDutchauctionisbetterthanthecontinuousdoubleauction

C^it'shardfbrtraderstoreachanequilibriumprice

D、thebesttypeofauctiontakesplacewhenthenumberofthebuyersisequaltothatof

sellers

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据文章第四段克里夫的研究发现，现今大多数金融交易中所采用让

买卖双方随时竞价的拍卖方式比那些需要买卖双方提出更多竞价的模式效率要低

下。可见荷兰式的拍卖方式比连续双向拍卖好。这也可以从文章最后一段判断。

40>Towardrobottraders,thewriter'sattitudecanbesaidtobe.

A、biased

B、objective

C、pessimistic

D、optimistic

标准答案：D

知识点解析：作者的态度可以通过材料的选择和措辞来判断。在第一段，作者指

出，机器人交易员不同于程序交易，是聪明的交易员(robolscanbesmanerihan

that)o接着在第二段，作者介绍了一个研究小组的成果：这种机器人交易员可以在

各种市场上击败真人交易员(…consistentlybeatthehumanvariety,invariouskindsof

market)o可见，作者对机器人交易员持积极乐观的态度。

三、阅读(补全短文)(本题共5题，每题7.0分，共

5分。)

Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutlaughing.Choosethemost

suitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Thefirst

paragraphofthetextisnotnumbered.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneed

touse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.[A]Whathavetheyfound?[B]Isit

truethatlaughingcanmakeushealthier?[C]Sowhydopeoplelaughsomuch?[D]

Whatmakesyoulaugh?[E]Howdidyoucometoresearchit?[F]Sowhat'sitfor?Why

areyouinterestedinlaughter?It'sauniversalphenomenon,andoneofthemostcommon

thingswedo.Welaughmanytimesaday,formanydifferentreasons,butrarelythink

aboutit,andseldomconsciouslycontrolit.Weknowsolittleaboutthedifferentkinds

andfunctionsoflaughter,andmyinterestreallystartsthere.Whydowedoit?Whatcan

laughterteachusaboutourpositiveemotionsandsocialbehaviour?There'ssomuchwe

don'tknowabouthowthebraincontributestoemotionandIthinkwecangetat

understandingthisbystudyinglaughter.[RI]Only10or20percentof

laughingisaresponsetohumour.Mostofthetimeit'samessagewcsendtoother

people—communicatingjoyfuldisposition,a