2026年江苏省苏教版高一英语上册第7单元课后练习题

2026年江苏省苏教版高一英语上册第7单元课后练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据苏教版高一英语上册第7单元课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection"?Thepassagemainlydiscusses______.A.Thehistoryofenvironmentalpollutioninthe20thcenturyB.ThereasonswhypeopleshouldprotecttheenvironmentC.TheeconomicbenefitsofusingrenewableenergysourcesD.Thelegalregulationsforfactoriestoreduceemissions参考答案：B解析：本题考查文章主旨大意。根据第7单元课文内容，文章重点阐述了环境污染的严重性以及保护环境的重要性，列举了气候变化、生物多样性减少等具体问题，并呼吁人们采取行动。选项A、C、D虽然文中可能提及，但并非文章的核心论点。选项B准确概括了文章主旨，故为正确答案。2.Intheunit"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection,"whichsentencebestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetowardplasticwaste?Theauthorbelievesthat______.A.PlasticwasteisaminorproblemcomparedtootherenvironmentalissuesB.PlasticwastecanbeeasilysolvedbyrecyclingprogramsaloneC.PlasticwasteisamajorthreattotheplanetandmustbereducedimmediatelyD.Plasticwasteisbeneficialformodernlife,butitsproductionshouldbelimited参考答案：C解析：本题考查作者观点态度。根据第7单元课文关于塑料污染的段落，作者通过数据对比和案例说明，强调塑料污染对海洋生物、土壤和人类健康的长期危害，并多次使用"urgentaction"（紧急行动）等词语，表明其强烈警示态度。选项A、B、D均与作者观点不符，故C为正确答案。3.Accordingtothereadingpassage"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"whichofthefollowingisNOTareasonwhyanimalsbecomeendangered?Thetextstatesthat______.A.HabitatdestructionduetourbandevelopmentB.IllegalpoachingforanimalproductsC.NaturaldisasterslikeearthquakesandfloodsD.Theintroductionofinvasivespeciesintonewecosystems参考答案：C解析：本题考查细节理解。第7单元课文在分析物种灭绝原因时，重点提及了人类活动（选项A、B、D）的影响，如森林砍伐、偷猎和外来物种入侵。选项C中的自然灾害虽然可能影响动物生存，但文中并未将其列为主要灭绝原因，故为正确答案。4.Intheunit"GlobalWarmingandItsEffects,"whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureifpeopledonottakeactiontoreducecarbonemissions?Thetextimpliesthat______.A.TheEarth'stemperaturewillremainstableovertimeB.Sealevelswillrise,butthiswillnotaffectcoastalcitiesC.Moreextremeweathereventswilloccur,suchashurricanesanddroughtsD.Renewableenergysourceswillbecomemoreexpensive,makingthemimpractical参考答案：C解析：本题考查推理判断。根据第7单元课文关于全球变暖的段落，作者通过科学数据和专家观点指出，如果不减少碳排放，地球平均气温将持续上升，导致冰川融化、海平面上升，并引发更多极端天气事件。选项A、B、D均与文意不符，故C为正确答案。5.Intheunit"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection,"whichsentencebestillustratestheconceptof"sustainabledevelopment"?Thetextshowsthat______.A.UsingrenewableenergyismoreexpensivethanusingfossilfuelsB.ProtectingtheenvironmentmeansstoppingallindustrialactivitiesC.DevelopmentshouldmeetpresentneedswithoutharmingfuturegenerationsD.Recyclingprogramsaretheonlywaytoreducewaste参考答案：C解析：本题考查概念理解。第7单元课文在解释可持续发展时，强调经济发展应兼顾环境和社会效益，避免过度消耗资源，确保后代也能享有同等生存条件。选项A、B、D均曲解了可持续发展的内涵，故C为正确答案。6.Accordingtothereadingpassage"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"whichcountryismentionedashavingthehighestnumberofendangeredspecies?Thetextnotesthat______.A.AustraliahasthemostendangeredspeciesduetoitsuniqueecosystemB.ChinahasthemostendangeredspeciesbecauseofrapidindustrializationC.TheUnitedStateshasthemostendangeredspeciesbecauseofitslargepopulationD.Brazilhasthemostendangeredspeciesduetodeforestation参考答案：A解析：本题考查细节定位。根据第7单元课文关于物种保护的段落，作者特别提到澳大利亚因其孤立大陆生态系统，拥有全球最多的特有物种，其中许多面临灭绝风险。选项B、C、D与文意不符，故A为正确答案。7.Intheunit"GlobalWarmingandItsEffects,"whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheimpactofdeforestationonclimatechange?Thetextindicatesthat______.A.DeforestationhasnosignificanteffectonglobaltemperaturesB.DeforestationreducestheEarth'sabilitytoabsorbcarbondioxideC.Deforestationmainlyaffectslocalweatherpatterns,notglobalclimateD.Deforestationistheprimarycauseofglobalwarming参考答案：B解析：本题考查因果分析。第7单元课文解释了森林在碳循环中的作用，指出树木通过光合作用吸收二氧化碳，砍伐森林会减少碳汇能力，导致大气中温室气体浓度上升。选项A、C、D均与文意不符，故B为正确答案。8.Intheunit"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection,"whichsentencebestdescribestheroleofindividualactionsinenvironmentalconservation?Thetextemphasizesthat______.A.IndividualeffortsareuselessbecauseenvironmentalproblemsaretoolargeB.OnlygovernmentsandlargecorporationscanmakearealdifferenceC.SmallactionslikereducingplasticusecancontributetoglobalchangeD.Peopleshouldfocusonpoliticalactivismratherthanpracticalactions参考答案：C解析：本题考查主旨理解。第7单元课文在呼吁环保时，多次强调个人责任，如减少一次性塑料使用、节约水电等，并指出这些小习惯的累积效应巨大。选项A、B、D与文意相反，故C为正确答案。9.Accordingtothereadingpassage"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"whatisthemainchallengeinrestoringendangeredpopulations?Thetexthighlightsthat______.A.TherearenotenoughfundstosupportconservationprogramsB.EndangeredspeciescannotadapttochangingenvironmentsC.PublicawarenessistoolowtoencouragepeopletohelpD.Scientistsdonothaveenoughknowledgeaboutthesespecies参考答案：A解析：本题考查问题分析。第7单元课文在讨论物种恢复时，指出资金短缺是许多保护项目面临的最大障碍，包括栖息地重建、科研监测等都需要大量投入。选项B、C、D虽然可能是部分问题，但并非文中强调的核心挑战，故A为正确答案。10.Intheunit"GlobalWarmingandItsEffects,"whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweenclimatechangeandagriculture?Thetextrevealsthat______.A.ClimatechangewillimprovecropyieldsinmostregionsB.FarmerscaneasilyadapttochangingweatherconditionsC.RisingtemperaturesandextremeweatherwillthreatenfoodproductionD.Agriculturalpracticeswillhavenoimpactonglobalclimate参考答案：C解析：本题考查逻辑推理。第7单元课文指出，全球变暖导致干旱、洪水等极端天气频发，影响农作物生长，部分地区甚至面临粮食短缺风险。选项A、B、D均与文意不符，故C为正确答案。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Accordingtothepassage"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection,"oneofthebiggestsourcesofairpollutionis______.___________参考答案：vehicleemissions解析：本题考查细节填空。第7单元课文在讨论空气污染时，明确提到汽车尾气是主要污染源之一，与其他工业排放、燃煤并列。2.Intheunit"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"theterm"invasivespecies"referstoorganismsthat______.___________参考答案：areintroducedtoanecosystemwheretheycauseharm解析：本题考查概念填空。第7单元课文解释了外来物种入侵的概念，指出这些物种可能破坏本地生态平衡，导致原有物种减少或灭绝。3.Thepassage"GlobalWarmingandItsEffects"mentionsthatthemeltingofpolaricecapscontributesto______.___________参考答案：risingsealevels解析：本题考查因果填空。第7单元课文指出，冰川融化导致海水体积增加，进而引起海平面上升，威胁沿海地区。4.Accordingtothetext,onewaytoreduceplasticwasteisto______.___________参考答案：usereusablebagsinsteadofsingle-useplastics解析：本题考查应用填空。第7单元课文建议通过减少一次性塑料消费（如自带购物袋）来降低污染。5.Theunit"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies"highlightstheimportanceof______inpreservingbiodiversity.___________参考答案：nationalparksandwildlifereserves解析：本题考查细节填空。第7单元课文提到，建立保护区是保护濒危物种的关键措施之一。6.Inthepassage"GlobalWarmingandItsEffects,"scientistswarnthatatemperatureincreaseofeven1°Ccould______.___________参考答案：causesignificantchangesinweatherpatterns解析：本题考查推理填空。第7单元课文指出，即使小幅升温也可能引发极端天气，如热浪、暴雨等。7.Thetextsuggeststhatsustainabledevelopmentrequiresabalancebetween______andenvironmentalprotection.___________参考答案：economicgrowth解析：本题考查概念填空。第7单元课文强调可持续发展应兼顾经济发展与环境保护，避免资源过度消耗。8.Accordingtothepassage"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"onereasonwhyanimalsbecomeendangeredis______.___________参考答案：habitatlossduetodeforestation解析：本题考查细节填空。第7单元课文列举了栖息地破坏（如森林砍伐）是导致物种灭绝的主要原因之一。9.Theunit"GlobalWarmingandItsEffects"mentionsthatrenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowercan______.___________参考答案：reducecarbonemissions解析：本题考查应用填空。第7单元课文指出，可再生能源替代化石燃料有助于降低温室气体排放。10.Thepassage"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection"concludesthatifpeopledonottakeaction,theconsequenceswillbe______.___________参考答案：severeandirreversibleenvironmentaldamage解析：本题考查主旨填空。第7单元课文最后强调，不采取行动将导致不可逆转的环境恶化，如物种灭绝、气候崩溃等。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Accordingtothepassage"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection,"recyclingallplasticwastecancompletelysolvetheproblemofenvironmentalpollution.___________参考答案：False解析：本题考查细节判断。第7单元课文指出，虽然回收有助于减少污染，但并不能完全解决问题，因为塑料的生产和消费仍需控制。2.Theunit"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies"statesthatallendangeredanimalsarefoundinAfrica.___________参考答案：False解析：本题考查范围判断。第7单元课文提到濒危物种分布在全球各地，如澳大利亚、美洲等，并非仅限非洲。3.Inthepassage"GlobalWarmingandItsEffects,"thetextsuggeststhattheEarth'stemperaturehasnotchangedsignificantlyinthepast50years.___________参考答案：False解析：本题考查数据判断。第7单元课文明确指出，过去50年地球平均气温持续上升，并引用了科学数据支持。4.Theunit"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection"claimsthatindividualactionshavenoimpactonglobalenvironmentalissues.___________参考答案：False解析：本题考查观点判断。第7单元课文强调个人行为（如节约资源、减少浪费）对环境有累积效应，故该说法错误。5.Accordingtothepassage"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"scientistshavefoundacureforallendangereddiseases.___________参考答案：False解析：本题考查逻辑判断。第7单元课文讨论的是物种保护，而非疾病治疗，该说法与主题无关。6.Theunit"GlobalWarmingandItsEffects"mentionsthatrisingsealevelswillonlyaffectsmallislandnations.___________参考答案：False解析：本题考查范围判断。第7单元课文指出，海平面上升威胁全球沿海地区，包括大城市，并非仅限岛屿。7.Thepassage"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection"suggeststhatenvironmentalproblemsareexaggeratedbymediacoverage.___________参考答案：False解析：本题考查观点判断。第7单元课文基于科学事实讨论环境问题，未提及媒体夸大其词。8.Accordingtotheunit"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"themainreasonforspeciesextinctionisnaturaldisasters.___________参考答案：False解析：本题考查因果判断。第7单元课文强调人为因素（如栖息地破坏、偷猎）是主要原因，而非自然灾害。9.Thepassage"GlobalWarmingandItsEffects"statesthatrenewableenergywillbecometooexpensivetouseinthefuture.___________参考答案：False解析：本题考查趋势判断。第7单元课文指出，虽然初期投入较高，但可再生能源成本正在下降，未来更具竞争力。10.Theunit"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection"concludesthatenvironmentalconservationisunnecessarybecausetechnologycansolveallproblems.___________参考答案：False解析：本题考查结论判断。第7单元课文强调技术无法完全替代自然生态，保护环境至关重要。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtotheunit"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection,"whatarethreemajorcausesofenvironmentalpollution?Brieflydescribeeachone.___________参考答案：-Industrialemissions:Factoriesreleasepollutantslikesmokeandchemicalsintotheairandwater.-Agriculturalrunoff:Fertilizersandpesticidesfromfarmscontaminateriversandsoil.-Plasticwaste:Single-useplasticsarenotbiodegradableandaccumulateinlandfillsandoceans.解析：本题考查概括能力。第7单元课文列举了工业排放、农业径流和塑料污染三大原因，并简要解释其危害。2.Intheunit"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"whatistheroleofprotectedareasinconservationefforts?Explainyouranswer.___________参考答案：Protectedareaslikenationalparksprovidesafehabitatsforendangeredspecies,preventingfurtherhabitatlossandallowingpopulationstorecover.Theyalsoserveasresearchsitestostudyspeciesbehavior.解析：本题考查细节理解。第7单元课文强调保护区是保护濒危物种的关键，既能防止栖息地破坏，又能支持科研。3.Thepassage"GlobalWarmingandItsEffects"mentionsthatrisingtemperaturescanleadtomoreextremeweather.Howdoesthishappen?___________参考答案：Highertemperaturesincreasetheenergyintheatmosphere,leadingtomoreintensehurricanes,droughts,andfloods.Warmeroceansalsocontributetostrongerstorms.解析：本题考查因果分析。第7单元课文解释了气温上升如何加剧极端天气，涉及大气和海洋的相互作用。4.Accordingtotheunit"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection,"whyisitimportanttoreducecarbonemissions?___________参考答案：Reducingcarbonemissionshelpsslowglobalwarming,preventingclimatechangeeffectslikesea-levelrise,extremeweather,andlossofbiodiversity.解析：本题考查主旨理解。第7单元课文指出，减少碳排放是应对全球变暖的关键，能避免一系列环境问题。5.Intheunit"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"whatchallengesdoscientistsfacewhentryingtorestoreendangeredpopulations?___________参考答案：Challengesincludefindingsuitablehabitats,fundingresearch,addressinghuman-wildlifeconflict,andensuringgeneticdiversityinsmallpopulations.解析：本题考查问题分析。第7单元课文提到恢复濒危物种面临资金、栖息地、社会因素等多重困难。6.Thepassage"GlobalWarmingandItsEffects"discussestheimpactofdeforestationonclimatechange.Explainhowthishappens.___________参考答案：Treesabsorbcarbondioxideduringphotosynthesis.Deforestationreducesthiscarbonabsorption,increasingatmosphericCO₂levelsandacceleratingglobalwarming.解析：本题考查机制理解。第7单元课文解释了森林在碳循环中的作用，砍伐导致碳汇能力下降。7.Accordingtotheunit"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection,"whatdoes"sustainabledevelopment"mean?Giveanexample.___________参考答案：Sustainabledevelopmentmeetscurrentneedswithoutharmingfuturegenerations.Example:Usingsolarpanelsinsteadoffossilfuelsreducespollutionandconservesresources.解析：本题考查概念应用。第7单元课文定义了可持续发展，并举例说明可再生能源的环保优势。8.Intheunit"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"whyispublicawarenessimportantforconservationefforts?___________参考答案：Publicawarenessencouragespeopletosupportconservationpolicies,reduceharmfulbehaviors(likepoaching),andparticipateinvolunteeractivities.解析：本题考查影响分析。第7单元课文强调公众意识能推动政策支持、行为改变和社区参与。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyouliveinacitywithhighairpollution.Whatthreeactionscanyoutaketohelpimprovetheenvironment?Explaineachaction.___________参考答案：-Usepublictransportation:Reducesvehicleemissionsandtrafficcongestion.-Planttrees:TreesabsorbCO₂andimproveairquality.-Advocateforcleanerpolicies:Supportlocalgovernmentinitiativestolimitindustrialpollution.解析：本题考查应用能力。第7单元课文强调个人行动和社区参与的重要性，答案需结合实际措施。2.Imagineyouarewritingareportforyourschoolabouttheimpactofplasticwaste.Whatthreekeypointsshouldyouinclude?___________参考答案：-Environmentalharm:Plasticpollutionaffectsoceans,wildlife,andsoil.-Economiccosts:Cleanupandrecyclingareexpensive.-Solutions:Promotereusablealternativesandrecyclingprograms.解析：本题考查分析能力。第7单元课文涉及塑料污染的多方面影响，答案需全面且具体。3.Youarepartofaclubthatwantstoprotectlocalendangeredbirds.Whattwoactivitiescanyourcluborganizetohelp?___________参考答案：-Habitatrestoration:Plantnativetreestocreatenestingsites.-Awarenesscampaigns:Educatethepublicaboutthreatslikehabitatlossandpollution.解析：本题考查实践能力。第7单元课文强调栖息地保护和公众教育，答案需结合实际操作。4.Supposeyourcommunityisdebatingwhethertobuildanewfactorythatusesfossilfuels.Whattwoargumentsshouldyoupresentagainstit?___________参考答案：-Environmentalimpact:Increasesairpollutionandcontributestoclimatechange.-Healthrisks:Factoryemissionscancauserespiratoryproblemsforresidents.解析：本题考查辩论能力。第7单元课文关注工业污染，答案需从环境和健康角度反对。5.Imagineyouareajournalistreportingonglobalwarming.Whattwoevidence-basedclaimsshouldyouincludeinyourarticle?___________参考答案：-Risingtemperatures:Globalaveragetemperatureshaveincreasedby1.1°Csincepre-industrialtimes.-Extremeweather:Heatwavesandhurricaneshavebecomemorefrequentandsevere.解析：本题考查数据应用。第7单元课文引用科学数据，答案需结合具体证据。6.Youareplanningaschooleventtopromotesustainableliving.Whattwoactivitiesca