高三英语一轮复习时文阅读训练

时文阅读I中秋美食：月饼

月饼是中秋佳节的必食之品，在我国有着悠久的历史。“巧出

饼师心，貌得婵娟月”，小小的月饼不仅醇香松软，让人回味

无穷，更是蕴含着浓浓的情谊与祝福。中国的月饼品种繁多，

风格因地各异，它究竟是如何发展起来的？又有着怎样的魅

力？一起来看看吧。

阅读短文并回答问题

Chinesemooncakeistherepresentativefoodofthe

Mid-AutumnFestival.Itisakindofroundcookiewithvarious

fillingsanddifferentartisticpatternsonthesurface.

InChineseculture,roundnesssymbolizescompletenessand

togetherness.Themooncakeisnotjustafood.Ifsa

profoundculturaltraditiondeepinChinesepeople'shearts,

symbolizingaspiritualfeeling.AtMid-AutumnFestival,people

eatmooncakestogetherwithfamily,andpresentmooncakesto

relativesorfriendstoexpressloveandbestwishes.

AsearlyastheShangandZhoudynastiesinwhattodayare

JiangsuandZhejiangprovincesineastChina,therewasakindof

“Taishicake“thickatthecenterandthinattheedge,whichwas

theoriginofthemooncake.IntheHanDynasty,sesame（芝麻）

andwalnutswereintroducedintoChina,androundcookiesfilled

withthesefoodsappeared.IntheTangDynasty,thename

“mooncake”wasusedforthefirsttime.IntheNorthernSong

Dynasty,mooncakesgotpopularintheroyalpalace.Itwasnot

untiltheMingDynastythatthecustomofeatingthesecookies

duringtheMid-AutumnFestivalbecamepopular.

Mooncakesvaryaccordingtodifferentregionalstylesand

tastes.Cantonese-stylemooncakesareknownfortheir

sweetness.Suzhou-stylemooncakeshaveexistedformorethana

thousandyears.Theyhavesoftlayersofdough（面团）andlotsof

sugarandlard,makingthemavailableinsweetorsalty

tastes.Beijing-stylemooncakesfeaturethedelicateuseof

sweetnessandfinedecoration.Chaoshan-stylemooncakesare

usuallylargerthanothermooncakeswithcommonfillingsofred

beanpasteandpotatopaste.

Mostmooncakescontainhighamountsofsugarandoil,

whicharenothealthy.Todecreasetheharmfulnessthathighfat

andcaloriesbringtoourbody,somefoodsarerecommendedto

eattogetherwithmooncakes,includingtea,sourfruitlike

grapes,andwine.Theyhelpdigest,andtakeawayfatinourbody.

Also,donoteattoomuchatonetime.

l.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thefeaturesofmooncakes.

B.Themeaningbehindmooncakes.

C.TheoriginoftheMid-AutumnFestival.

D.ThecustomsoftheMid-AutumnFestival.

2.Whendidmooncakesbecomepopularasafestivalfood?

A.IntheHanDynasty.

B.IntheTangDynasty.

C.IntheNorthernSongDynasty.

D.IntheMingDynasty.

3.WhatisspecialabouttheChaoshan-stylemooncakes?

A.Theycontainlesssugar.

B.Theyaregenerallylargerinsize.

C.Theyhaveamuchlongerhistory.

D.Theyfeaturefinedecorativepatterns.

4.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.Tostresstheimportanceofahealthydiet.

B.Tocallonpeopletovaluetraditionalculture.

C.Toprovidesuggestionsoneatingmooncakes.

D.Torecommendsomenewflavorsofmooncakes.

生词

1.profoundadj.深远的

2.walnutn.核桃；胡桃

3.lardn.猪油

语块

1.artisticpatterns艺术样式

2.royalpalace王宫

3.redbeanpaste红豆沙

4

知识拓展

1.Cantonese-stylemooncakes

广式月饼是广东省汉族的特色名点，起源于清朝光绪年间

广州城西的一家糕酥馆，即现在的“莲香楼”。它是目前流传最

广的一种月饼，有皮薄、馅足、松软、香甜、上档次等特点。

广式月饼品种繁多，主要分为莲蓉馅和杂馅两大类。其中，莲

蓉馅乃是广州“莲香楼”首创。

2.Suzhou-stylemooncakes

苏式月饼起初名为“酥式月饼”，后演化为“苏式月饼它

属于苏式糕点，皮层酥松、色泽美观、馅料肥而不腻，丰富多

样。苏式月饼用小麦粉、饴糖、食用植物油或猪油、水等制皮,

小麦粉、食用植物油或猪油制酥，经过酥皮、包馅、成型、焙

烤工艺加工而成。苏式月饼的制作技艺实际上是古代人民集体

智慧的结晶，源于唐朝，盛于宋朝。

3.Beijing-stylemooncakes

京式月饼是北方地区月饼类食品的代表品种之一，外形精

美，花样众多。它起源于京津及周边地区，主要特点是甜度及

皮馅比适中，重用麻油，口味清甜，口感脆松。其主要产品有

北京稻香村的自来红月饼，自来白月饼，还有五仁月饼等。

4.Chaoshan-stylemooncakes

潮式月饼又称膀饼，是广东省潮汕地区传统糕类名点，属

酥皮类饼食，是中国四大月饼流派之一。常见的潮式月饼的主

要特点是皮酥馅细，油不肥占，甜不腻口，其按内馅种类可分

绿豆、红豆、乌豆、土豆、紫芋等种类，内核则包括蛋黄或海

鲜等。

techniquewaslistedaspartofChina'sIntangibleCultural

Heritagein2017,afteritwasrecoveredbyZhangZhifeng.He

startedresearchingtheoriginsofchabaixiinthe1980sand

broughtthetechniquebackin2009afterdecadesoftrialsand

practice.Zhangspentnearly30yearsstudyingandresearchingthe

originsandmakingoftea,butforhimitwasallworthwhile.

“ThistechniqueiskeytotheteacultureoftheSongDynasty,

anditwouldbeashametoletitfade.Thistechniquemust

bepassedontothenextgenerationssotheycanunderstand

itshistory,Zhangsaid.

1.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“goneviral”probably

mean?

A.Receivedgoodprotection.

B.Becomepopularquickly.

C.Starteddeclininggradually.

D.Maintainedhighlycompetitive.

2.Whatdoweknowaboutchabaixi?

A.Itispaintedwithwhippedmilk.

B.Itdevelopsbasedonlatteart.

C.Itmainlydescribesbeautifulscenery.

D.Itinvolvescomplicatedtea-makingskills.

3.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theoriginofchabaixi.

B.Theuniquenessofchabaixi.

C.Thesignificanceofchabaixi.

D.Thedevelopmentofchabaixi.

4.WhatcanweinferaboutZhangZhifeng?

A.HeteachespeopletheteacultureoftheSongDynasty.

B.Heisleadingyounggenerationstoinnovatechabaixi.

C.Heiscommittedtodevelopingchabaixithroughmedia.

D.Heencouragespeopletopassonthetechniqueofchabaixi.

chabaixi

茶百戏（别称：分茶、水丹青）是一种以研膏茶为原料，用清

水使茶汤幻变图案的技艺。茶百戏源于唐朝，到了宋朝发展到

顶峰，成为文人之间推崇的一种文化活动。此后，这种清水画

丹青的古法技艺差点被世人遗忘。2017年，茶百戏列入福建省

非物质文化遗产。

时文阅读|沙漠空气也能〃榨〃出水？

淡水资源随着人口的增长变得越发紧救，全球三分之二的人口

正经历不同程度的缺水。此前，科学家们已经开展了大量研究

工作，以开发海水淡化和水净化技术。但其实空气中的水分也

是一种可持续的淡水来源。近日，德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的

科学家开发了一种低成本凝胶膜，可以帮助干旱地区的人们从

沙漠空气中获得清洁的饮用水。让我们一起来看看这个“黑科

技”。

阅读短文并回答问题

Morethanathirdoftheworld'spopulationlivesindrylands,

areasthatexperiencesignificantwatershortages.Engineersand

scientistsattheUniversityofTexasatAustinhavedevelopeda

uniquesolutiontohelppeopleintheseareasaccessclean

drinkingwater.

Theydevelopedalow-costgelfilm（凝胶膜）thatcanpull

waterfromtheairineventhedriestclimate.Combiningtwo

simpleingredients,celluloseandkonjacgum,thegelis

inexpensivetoproduce.Justonekilogramofgelcanabsorbup

tosixlitersofwaterinadryclimate.Forthoselivingina

climatewithrelativehumidity（i朝湿）.onekilogramofgelcan

collectupto13litersofwateraday.Asthegelisso

inexpensiveandeasytomake,itmayofferawayofproviding

drinkingwatertocountrieswithwatershortages.

Previously,researchershaveharvested（捕获）freshwater

fromfoganddew,butthatonlyservesareaswithhighhumidity.

Otherattemptsatpullingwaterfromdesertairaretypically

energy-intensiveanddonotproducemuch.Infact,thisgelisa

vastimprovementfrompreviouswaterharvestingtechnologies.

Themaximumwaterharvestedhasbeen5.87litersinplaces

withrelativehumidity.Thisnewgeldoublesthisamount,uses

noenergyandissimpletooperateanditcanbemoldedintoa

shapeorsizethatbestsuitstheuser.

“Thisnewworkisaboutpracticalsolutionsthatpeoplecan

usetogetwaterinthehottest,driestplacesonEarth,“said

GuihuaYu,professorattheCockrellSchoolofEngineering.

“Thiscouldallowmillionsofpeoplewithoutconsistentaccess

todrinkingwatertohavesimple,watergeneratingdevicesat

homethattheycaneasilyoperate.

“Thisisnotsomethingyouneedanadvanceddegreetouse,“

thepaper'sleadauthor,Youhong“Nancy“Guosaid."It's

straightforwardenoughthatanyonecanmakeitathomeifthey

havethematerials.Scientistsareplanningonmakingathicker

gelthatwillincreasetheyield,makingthistechnologya

practicablesolutiontodrought.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutthegelfilmfromparagraph2?

A.Itcanincreasethehumidityoftheair.

B.Itcanharvestdrinkingwaterfromtheair.

C.Ithasbeenwidelyappliedindesertareas.

D.Itcostslotsofmoneyandenergytoproduce.

2.Whydoestheauthormentionpreviouswaterharvesting

methodsinparagraph3?

A.Toprovetheadvantagesofthenewgel.

B.Toshowtheloughlivingconditionsindryregions.

C.Tostatetheprocessofmanufacturingthenewgel.

D.Topresentthetheoryofwaterharvestingtechnologies.

3.WhatisGuihuaYu'sattitudetowardsthenew

water-harvestingmethod?

A.Indifferent.B.Skeptical.C.Disapproving.D.Hopeful.

4.Whatwillscientistsplantodonext?

A.Developathickergel.

B.Producethegelonalargescale.

C.Raisemoneyforfurtherresearch.

D.Teachpeopletomakethegelathome.

词块

1.ingredient1要素,原料

2.cellulosen.纤维素

3.dewn.露水

4.yield以屈服

语块

1.watershortages水资源短缺

2.konjacgum魔芋胶

时文阅读I世界首例克隆北极狼诞生

2022年6月10日，世界首例体细胞克隆北极狼在北京呱呱坠

地。经过保育人员百天的精心照顾，目前它的身体状况良好。

这只北极狼的诞生是一个里程碑式的事件，对世界野生动物保

护和濒危物种的恢复意义非凡。让我们一起来看看吧。

阅读短文并回答问题

Tosaveendangeredarcticwolves,theBeijing-based

SinogeneBiotechnologyCompanycooperatedwithHarbin

Polarlandoncloningthearcticwolf.Asaresult,aftertwo

yearsofthoroughefforts,thearcticwolfwascloned

successfully.Itisthefirstcaseofitskindintheworld.

BornonJune10,2022,thewolf,namedMaya,isenergetic

andinverygoodhealth.Herdonorcellcamefromtheskin

sampleofawildfemalearcticwolf,whohadbeenintroduced

fromCanada.However,heroocyte（卵母细胞）wasfroma

femaledog,andhersurrogatemother（代孕母体）wasabeagle.

TheselectionofadogasMaya'ssurrogatewasmadebecause

dogsshareageneticancestorwithancientwolves,andit's

morelikelytosucceedthroughcloningtechnology.

“Thisisournewattemptandbreakthroughinprotectingand

breeding（繁育）wildandendangeredanimals.Thebirthofthe

world'sfirstclonedarcticwolfisamilestoneforthe

applicationofcloningtechnologyandisofgreatsignificanceto

biodiversity,theprotectionofwildlife,andtherestorationof

endangeredspeciesintheworld,“MiJidong,thecompany's

generalmanager,said.

Cloningtechnologyisabreedingmethoddifferentfrom

naturalreproduction.Someraisedcontroversyrelatingtothe

clonedarcticwolf.SunQuanhui,ascientistfromtheWorld

AnimalProtectionorganization,saidthatcloningtechnologyis

stillintheexploratorystageofresearch,andtherearemany

technicalandethicalissuesthatneedtobeaddressedand

treatedwithcaution.Sunbelievedcloningshouldbe

consideredonlyforendangeredwildanimalswhosespeciesare

extinct,orwhosecaptivepopulationsareverylimited.

Theclonedwolfnowliveswithhersurrogatebeagleinalab,

andlatershewillbedeliveredtotheHarbinPolarlandand

displayedtothepublic.Theclonedwolfwouldlivebyherself

intheparkintheinitialstagebecauseshemaynotbeableto

adapttooriginalarcticwolfgroups.However,itisreported

thatthetechnologyofcloningarcticwolveshasgainedstrong

valueinitsapplication,andanothermaleclonedarcticwolf

willcomeintothisworldinthenearfuture.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutMaya?

A.ShewasborninCanada.

B.Sheisingoodcondition.

C.SheisthefirstclonedanimalinChina.

D.Shesharessimilarlivinghabitswithdogs.

2.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thedevelopmentofcloningtechnology.

B.Thedifficultiesofmaintainingbiodiversity.

C.Scientists,effortstoprotectendangeredanimals.

D.Theimportanceofthebirthoftheclonedarcticwolf.

3.WhatisSunQuanhui,sattitudetowardscloning

technology?

A.Cautious.B.Confident.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.

4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Mayawastrainedtolivewithwolfgroupsinthelab.

B.Anothermalearcticwolfisexpectedtobebornsoon.

C.MayaisfavoredbymanyvisitorstotheHarbinPolarland.

D.Cloningtechnologywillbeappliedtomoreendangered

species

词块

1.beagle〃.比格犬

2.geneticadj.基因的；遗传学的

语块

1.arcticwolves北极狼

2.donorcell供体细胞

3.cloningtechnology克隆技术

4.naturalreproduction自然繁殖

5.ethicalissues伦理问题

6.captivepopulations圈养种群

知识拓展

arcticwolves

北极狼是冰河时期的幸存者，又称白狼，是犬科犬属下的灰狼

亚种，分布于欧亚大陆北部、加拿大北部和格陵兰北部。它们

具有很好的耐力，适合长途迁移，能够承受长时间零度以下的

气温。北极狼作为世界濒危级动物之一，被列入《世界自然保

护联盟》2012年濒危物种红色名录。

时文阅读|非遗石雕迎亚运

鸡血石雕是流行于浙江省临安市大峡谷镇的一种传统雕

刻艺术，它采用当地玉岩山出产的鸡血石为原料，这种石料

天然具有鲜红艳丽、晶莹剔透的特点，且石质珍贵，被誉为

中国六大“国石”之一。2022年，作为非物质文化遗产鸡血

石雕传承人的钱高潮花费数月创作亚运主题石雕，献礼杭州

亚运会。今天，让我们一起一览鸡血石雕的艺术魅力。

阅读短文并回答问题

1.CraftsmanQianGaochaoandhissonrecentlyspentmore

thansixmonthsmakingthree“chickcn-blood”stonecarvings

showingthetaekwondoandwrestlingcompetitionsofthe19th

AsianGamesHangzhou2022.Asanationalinheritorofthe

intangibleculturalheritage（非物质文化遗产）ofthe

chicken-bloodstonecarvingtechnique,QianGaochaosaysthat

heisworkingontheothercarvingsrelatedtotheAsianGames

inthechicken-bloodstonemuseuminChanghua

town,ZhejiangProvince.

2.Chicken-bloodstoneisoneofChina'smostprized

decorativematerialsandhasbeenusedforcenturiestocreate

carvedworkswithcharacteristicredmarkings.With

itsbrightblood-redcolor,brightcrystal-likejadetexture,

qualityandshape,chicken-bloodstonesarecelebratedthe

worldover.Th。artisticvalueofChanghuachicken-bloodstone

liesinitsadaptability,whichcanbemadeintodecorationsof

varioussizesandforms.Ilisnotonlyamineralspecimen（标

本）thatrecordsgeologicalchanges,butalsoaculturalrelic

thatreflectstheproductivityofdifferenteras,livingconditions

andfolkcustoms.

3.Thestonehasbecomea

culturalsymbolofdeepeningbilateralfriendshipindiplomatic

（外交的）activities.Forexample,in1972,theChinese

premiergaveChanghuachicken-bloodstonestoJapanasState

gifts.In1986,asealofChanghuastonewaspresentedtot