27届高考一轮复习高中英语常考名词后缀练习及详解（上）

27届高考一轮复习高中英语常考名词后缀练习及详解（上）常考名词后缀练习1后缀‑cy/‑y/‑(i)ty在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.[2026全国一]Theexactdatesand______(frequent)ofdajivaryfromregiontoregion.2.Historical______(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.3.Thetimely______(deliver)ofsuppliesreliedontheunexpected______(discover)ofahiddenmountainpassagebylocalvillagers.4.Whatimpressedthepublicmostwastheextraordinary______(brave)shownbyrescueworkersinthedisaster‑hitarea.5.The______(major)ofresearchersholdtheviewthatpublichealthshouldbegiventop______(prior)inurbanconstruction.6.[课标新增]Mutualcooperationbetweendifferentindustrieshaslaidasolidfoundationforthelasting______(prosper)oftheregionaleconomy.7.Thereisnoabsolute______(certain)aboutthecauseoftheaccident,yetpeoplecondemnthe______(cruel)ofthesuspectandvaluepublic______(safe)aboveallelse.8.Toenrichstudents’after‑schoollife,theschooloffersawide______(vary)ofoptionalcoursescoveringartandsciencefields.9.Improvingworkplace______(secure)isaneffectivewaytogreatlyraiseworkers’overall______(productive).10.Theconstructionofhighwayshasgreatlyimprovedthetravel______(mobile)ofresidentslivinginmountainousareasandofferedthemchancestoshakeoff______(poor).11.[2024新课标Ⅱ]ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternational______(visible),saidEdmondson.12.[2022全国乙改编]AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,Chinahasa______(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.13.Children’snatural______(curious)drivesthemtoexploretheworld,whileunexpected______(generous)fromstrangerswarmstheirjourneyofgrowth.14.Withresourcesbecomingincreasinglyshort,peoplehaverealizedthe______(necessary)offormingeco‑friendlylivinghabits.答案：原创练1后缀‑cy/‑y/‑(i)ty1.frequencyn.频率，发生次数2.accuracyn.准确，精确【1—2题规律】去t或te加‑cy，如：efficiency效率；urgency紧急；fluency流利；privacy隐私3.deliveryn.递送，运送discoveryn.发现4.braveryn.勇敢，勇气【3—4题易错】直接加‑y或‑ry5.majorityn.大多数priorityn.优先权；优先事项6.prosperityn.繁荣，兴旺【5—6题规律】直接加‑ity，如：nationality国籍；personality个性；minority少数7.certaintyn.确定性；必然的事crueltyn.残忍，残酷safetyn.安全8.varietyn.不同种类；多样化9.securityn.安全productivityn.生产率，生产效率【规律】去e加‑ity，如：activity活动；creativity创造力；diversity多样性10.mobilityn.流动性povertyn.贫穷，贫困11.visibilityn.知名度12.responsibilityn.责任【11—12题规律】‑ible变‑ibility，如：possibility可能性；flexibility灵活性13.curiosityn.好奇心generosityn.慷慨，大方【易错】去u加‑ity14.necessityn.必要性【特殊】‑ary变‑ity练习2后缀‑ance/‑ence在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.[2025全国一]“Youtrytoleadtheopponentintoyourtrapandforcethemtofollowyour‘______(guide)’tilltheylose,”explainsWangWei.2.Modernvolunteersoffervaluable______(assist)andwitnessthesudden______(appear)ofnewcommunityservicestationsinneighborhoods.3.Thenoisecausedgreat______(annoy)toresidentsandbecameapublic______(disturb)inthisresidentialarea.4.Theathlete’sstrong______(resist)topressurehelpedhimachieveanexcellent______(perform)inthefinalmatch.5.Thereisaclearsimilaritybetweenthetwins;bothofthemhaveahighlevelof______(tolerate)tocoldweather.6.People’s______(rely)onpublictransportreducesthecostofroad______(maintain)tolocalgovernments.7.Yourpersonal______(prefer)forreadingmaterialscanbefoundinthe______(refer)listattachedtothereport.8.The______(exist)ofhiddenfactscametolight—thankstothelawyer’sfirm______(insist).9.Thefrequent______(occur)ofsafetyproblemsforcedthecompanytostrengthenthe______(defend)ofitsstaff.10.Wecanfeelthe______(distant)betweenculturesandrealizethegreat______(significant)ofcross‑culturalcommunication.11.Mostpeoplerecognizethe______(important)ofemotionalmanagement.12.[2025全国二]Thesun‑driedclothessmellespeciallypleasantwhereIlive,thankstothe______(absent)ofsmogandplentyofblue‑skyafternoonswithlotsoffreshair.13.Thejudgeconfirmedtheyoungman’s______(innocent),andhisprofessional______(competent)wonwidepraisefromthepublic.14.[课标新增]Hisextraordinary______(intelligent)madehimstandoutamongalltheresearchersinthelab.15.Thenurse’sgreat______(patient)andtimely______(present)savedthepatient’slifeintheemergency.答案：原创练2后缀‑ance/‑ence1.guidancen.指导，引导【易错】去e加‑ance2.assistancen.帮助，援助appearancen.出现，露面3.annoyancen.烦恼，恼怒disturbancen.扰乱，骚乱4.resistancen.抵抗力，抗力performancen.表现；表演【2—4题规律】直接加‑ance5.tolerancen.忍耐力；容忍6.reliancen.依赖，依靠maintenancen.维护，保养【5—6题易错】注意词形变化7.preferencen.偏爱，偏好referencen.参考，查阅8.existencen.存在insistencen.坚持，执意9.occurrencen.发生，事件【易错】必须双写rdefence/defensen.保护，防御10.distancen.差异；距离11.importancen.重要性significancen.重要性，意义12.absencen.不在；缺乏13.innocencen.清白，无辜competencen.能力，胜任14.intelligencen.智慧，智力15.patiencen.耐心presencen.到场；存在【10—15题规律】‑ant变‑ance；‑ent变‑ence，如：ignorance无知；dependence依靠；difference不同练习3后缀‑ion/‑(a)tion/‑(s)sion在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.[2022全国甲]CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental______(protect).2.[课标新增]Physical______(exhaust)causedbylong‑termoverworkisalwaysahiddenobstacleinthe______(transit)fromstudentlifetoacompetitivecareer.3.AsmoreandmoreforeignersstarttostudyChineseandexperienceChineseculture,theworldwillhaveabetterunderstandingofChinaanditsrichhistory,itshard‑workingpeople,itsdevelopmentthrough______(innovate),anditsinclusiveness.4.[2024全国甲]Theyallagreedandvowed（承诺）topromotetheideaatthe______(complete)oftheirjourney.5.[课标新增]Thegreatachievementoftheresearchprojectcamefromlong‑term______(collaborate)andsincere______(dedicate)ofallteammembers.6.[课标新增]Carefulmonitoringisessentialforthesafe______(operate)ofthemachine,whoseuniquedesignhasarousedpublic______(fascinate).7.[课标新增]Modern______(irrigate)systemshavegreatlychangedthelivingpatternsandvoluntary______(migrate)offarmersinaridregions.8.I’mwritingtoexpressmy______(appreciate)toyouforyoursupportandencouragement.IhaveappreciatedthatreadingforeignliteratureintheoriginalisofvitalimportancetomyEnglish.9.Successful______(adapt)tothenewcampusenvironmentoftenhelpsstudentsliveuptotheirparents’high______(expect).10.Theperfect______(combine)oftechnologyandnaturalresourceslaysasolidfoundationforfurther______(explore)ofunknownmarineecosystems.11.[2022浙江1月]Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedthe______(invite).12.[课标新增]Therapid______(modernize)ofruralareasreliesheavilyontheefficient______(organize)ofvolunteerserviceteamsandsocialresources.13.I’dliketoreserveatableforthree,soIcalledtherestaurantandmadea______(reserve).14.Your______(assume)aboutmarkettrendsdoesnotmatchtheactualdataonpublic______(consume)habitsinpost‑pandemicsociety.15.Hisvivid______(describe)ofthespacestationinspiredthousandsofteenagerstomakea______(subscribe)toastronomyjournalsonline.16.His______(admit)tothetopresearchinstituterequiredofficial______(permit)fromthecommitteeandthetimely______(submit)ofallapplicationmaterials.17.Afterroundsofdataanalysis,theresearchteamdrewareasonable______(conclude)andstuckfirmlytotheiroriginal______(decide).18.Theunfair______(divide)ofresourcesledtotherapid______(expand)ofsocialcontradictionsandfinallytriggeredanemotional______(explode)amongresidents.19.The______(include)offreshmeninthetrainingprogramdependslargelyonyoursuccessful______(persuade)oftheschoolmanagement.20.Aprofessional______(qualify)isthemostessentialrequirementforthe______(apply)forthisinternationalexchangescholarship.21.Thereisahidden______(imply)inhisspeechthatminor______(modify)totheprojectplanwillbecarriedoutnextweek.22.Highjob______(satisfy)nevercomesfromblindmaterialpursuitbutfromthepositive______(occupy)ofyoursparetimewithmeaningfulthings.23.Adetailed______(introduce)ofyourcorestrengthswillgreatlyimproveyourperformanceinthenextacademic______(compete).24.Ifyoujustmechanicallydothesametaskoverandoverwithoutreflection,endless______(repeat)willbringlittleprogressinthelongrun.25.Theteacher’sclear______(explain)ofgrammarruleshelpedstudentscorrecttheirwrong______(pronounce)ofEnglishvowelsquickly.26.Throughcareful______(compare)ofdifferentschemes,wefinallyfigureouttheoriginal______(intend)oftheprojectdesigner.27.Thegradual______(evolve)ofartificialintelligencehaswonwidepublic______(recognize)acrossallwalksoflife.28.[2025浙江1月]Tanya’sshopoffersfashionclothesforwomentorentratherthanpurchasethemoutright,providingalessexpensive______(solve)toone‑timeeventdressing.原创练3后缀‑ion/‑(a)tion/‑(s)sion思考，沉思1.protectionn.保护2.exhaustionn.疲惫不堪transitionn.过渡【1—2题规律】直接加‑ion，如：adoption收养；affection喜爱；inspection检查；interruption打断；prevention预防；reflection3.innovationn.创新4.completionn.结束，完成5.collaborationn.合作dedicationn.奉献6.operationn.运转fascinationn.着迷7.irrigationn.灌溉migrationn.迁徙8.appreciationn.感激；欣赏；理解【3—8题规律】去e加‑ation，如：concentration专注；distribution分配；decoration装饰；donation捐赠；integration融合；evaluation评估frustration沮丧，受挫；hesitation犹豫；motivation