2026-2027学年高三政治9月月考阶段检测试卷部编版

2026-2027学年高三政治9月月考阶段检测试卷部编版考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共30分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。）1.近年来，我国不断完善社会保障体系，扩大社会保险覆盖面，提高保障水平。这体现了社会主义本质要求中的（）A.解放和发展生产力B.坚持和完善公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展C.坚持和完善按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存D.坚持和完善人民当家作主2.消费对生产具有重要的反作用。下列选项中，体现了消费对生产起导向作用的是（）A.“互联网+”新业态的兴起，带动了平台经济、共享经济等相关产业的发展B.某地农产品丰收，导致农民收入显著提高C.消费者对环保、健康产品的需求不断增长，促使企业加大研发投入D.国际市场原油价格波动，影响国内成品油价格3.我国政府坚持“放管服”改革，持续优化营商环境。这主要是为了（）A.限制非公有制经济的发展B.发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用C.加强对市场活动的监管D.增加政府财政收入4.2023年上半年，我国新能源汽车产量和销量持续增长，成为汽车产业发展的新引擎。这表明（）A.产业结构调整优化，新兴产业发展迅速B.我国经济已由投资驱动转向消费驱动C.科技创新是引领发展的第一动力D.国内市场对新能源汽车的需求不足5.某地政府通过引入社会资本，建设养老服务中心，满足老年人多样化的养老需求。这体现了（）A.社会主义的根本任务是解放和发展生产力B.我国坚持和完善公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展C.我国坚持以人民为中心的发展思想D.我国坚持和完善按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存6.“绿水青山就是金山银山”。这句话体现了（）A.生态环境与经济发展是相互对立的B.环境保护与经济发展是相互促进的C.生态环境本身就能带来经济效益D.经济发展必然以牺牲环境为代价7.我国坚持全面依法治国，加快建设法治社会。这要求（）A.任何组织和个人都必须遵守宪法和法律B.法律面前人人平等C.公民可以不受法律约束D.法治建设主要依靠行政机关推进8.近年来，我国积极参与全球治理体系改革和建设，推动构建人类命运共同体。这体现了我国（）A.坚持独立自主的和平外交政策B.奉行“零和博弈”的国际战略C.寻求霸权主义和强权政治D.不参与任何国际组织9.传统文化是民族的根和魂。我们推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展，是为了（）A.完全抛弃传统文化中的糟粕B.保留传统文化中的所有内容C.让传统文化与现代社会相适应D.继承传统文化，拒绝外来文化10.某中学开展“学习二十大精神”主题班会，引导学生树立正确的价值观。这体现了学校教育在（）A.普及科学知识方面的功能B.培养学生健全人格方面的功能C.促进经济发展方面的功能D.维护社会稳定方面的功能11.唯物辩证法认为，事物发展的动力源泉是（）A.事物内部的矛盾B.事物外部的联系C.事物数量的增减D.事物质量的飞跃12.“不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海。”这句话体现了（）A.量变是质变的必要准备B.质变是量变的必然结果C.事物发展的曲折性D.事物发展的前进性13.辩证的否定是（）A.对事物全盘否定B.事物自身的否定C.对事物简单的抛弃D.对事物完全保留14.坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，是社会主义政治发展的必然要求。其中，党的领导是（）A.人民当家作主和依法治国的根本保证B.人民当家作主和依法治国的前提条件C.人民当家作主和依法治国的具体体现D.人民当家作主和依法治国的结果15.下列选项中，属于意识能动作用的是（）A.某地发生地震，造成人员伤亡和财产损失B.人们根据天气预报，合理安排出行C.某企业产品质量低下，导致市场竞争力下降D.某地水资源短缺，引发严重旱情二、多项选择题（每小题3分，共15分。在每小题列出的五个选项中，至少有两项是最符合题目要求的。多选、错选、漏选均不得分。）16.下列关于我国基本经济制度的说法，正确的有（）A.公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展，是我国社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度B.按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存，是我国社会主义初级阶段的基本分配制度C.社会主义市场经济体制是我国现阶段的基本经济体制D.非公有制经济是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分E.国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展17.下列选项中，属于影响消费水平的因素的有（）A.居民收入水平B.消费观念C.商品价格水平D.社会保障水平E.自然灾害18.下列关于我国政府职能的说法，正确的有（）A.政府具有保障人民民主和维护国家长治久安的职能B.政府具有组织社会主义经济建设的职能C.政府具有组织社会主义文化建设的职能D.政府具有加强社会建设的职能E.政府具有推进生态文明建设的职能19.下列关于我国公民政治权利的说法，正确的有（）A.公民有选举权和被选举权B.公民有政治自由C.公民有监督权D.公民有宗教信仰自由E.公民有劳动权20.下列选项中，属于文化功能的有（）A.认识功能B.教育功能C.美化功能D.资源功能E.政治功能三、简答题（每小题5分，共10分）21.简述价值规律的表现形式及其作用。22.简述我国政府依法行政的意义。四、辨析题（每小题10分，共20分）23.“经济基础决定上层建筑，上层建筑对经济基础具有反作用。因此，上层建筑决定经济基础。”请辨析该观点。24.“文化有先进与落后、健康与腐朽之分，只要我们大力发展先进文化，就能实现文化强国的目标。”请辨析该观点。五、材料分析题（每小题15分，共30分）25.阅读材料，回答问题。材料一：2023年上半年，我国坚持稳中求进工作总基调，推动经济运行整体回升向好。国内生产总值同比增长5.5%，超出预期目标。消费市场持续恢复，社会消费品零售总额同比增长8.4%。工业生产保持增长，规模以上工业增加值同比增长3.8%。材料二：当前，我国经济发展面临需求收缩、供给冲击、预期转弱三重压力。为应对挑战，我国政府采取了一系列政策措施：加大宏观调控力度，实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策；着力扩大国内需求，增强消费对经济发展的基础性作用；加快建设现代化产业体系，推动经济高质量发展；坚持创新驱动发展，强化科技自立自强；持续深化改革开放，营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境。（1）根据材料一，分析我国经济发展取得的成就。（8分）（2）根据材料二，分析我国政府采取的政策措施体现了哪些经济发展理念？（7分）26.阅读材料，回答问题。材料：近年来，我国高度重视文化建设，推动社会主义文化繁荣兴盛。党的二十大报告指出，“推进文化自信自强，铸就社会主义文化新辉煌”。要加强社会主义精神文明建设，实施社会主义核心价值观建设工程，广泛践行社会主义核心价值观。要完善公共文化服务体系，创新实施文化惠民工程。要增强中华文明传播力影响力，推动中华文化更好走向世界。（1）根据材料，分析我国文化建设的意义。（8分）（2）根据材料，为推动社会主义文化繁荣兴盛，可以提出哪些建议？（7分）试卷答案一、单项选择题1.C解析：完善社会保障体系，扩大社会保险覆盖面，提高保障水平，体现了社会主义本质要求中atisfiestherequirementoftheessentialnatureofsocialism,whichistoadheretoandimprovetheprimarypublicownershipwithmultipleformsofownershipdevelopingsidebyside,andtoachievecommonprosperityforallthepeople.Thisisbecauseasoundsocialsecuritysystemdirectlyrelatestothedistributionandfairnessofresourcesandopportunitiesinsociety,reflectingthesocialistgoalofachievingcommonprosperity.2.C解析：Theriseofthe"InternetPlus"industryandrelatedindustriessuchasplatformeconomyandsharingeconomyhasledtothedevelopmentoftherelatedindustries,reflectingtheguidingroleofconsumptiononproduction.Thisisbecauseconsumerdemanddrivestheinnovationandexpansionofindustries,leadingtoneweconomicgrowthpoints.OptionAreflectsthedrivingroleofproductiononconsumption.OptionBreflectsthedirecteffectofproductiononconsumption.OptionDreflectstheimpactofexternalfactorsonproduction.3.B解析：Thegovernment'sadherenceto"streamliningadministration,delegatingpower,andimprovingservices"andcontinuouslyoptimizingthebusinessenvironmentismainlytogivefullplaytothedecisiveroleofthemarketinresourceallocation.Thisisbecausethemarketmechanismcanefficientlyallocateresourcesthroughcompetitionandpricesignals,promotingeconomicefficiencyandinnovation.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitrestrictsthedevelopmentofthenon-publicsector.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitfocusesonregulatingmarketactivities,whichisonlyoneaspectofthereform.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitfocusesonincreasinggovernmentfinancialrevenue,whichisnottheprimarygoalofthereform.4.A解析：Thecontinuousgrowthinproductionandsalesofnewenergyvehiclesinthefirsthalfof2023hasmadethemanewengineforthedevelopmentoftheautomotiveindustry,indicatingthatindustrialstructureadjustmentandoptimizationareadvancing,andemergingindustriesaredevelopingrapidly.Thisisbecausethedevelopmentofnewenergyvehiclesrepresentsashifttowardsamoresustainableandinnovativemodelofeconomicgrowth,drivenbytechnologicalprogressandchangingconsumerpreferences.5.C解析：Thelocalgovernmentintroducessocialcapitaltobuildelderlycareservicecenterstomeetthediverseneedsoftheelderly,reflectingthepeople-centereddevelopmentidea.Thisisbecauseprovidingelderlycareservicesisamatterofpublicwelfareandreflectsthegovernment'scommitmenttoimprovingthewell-beingofitscitizens,especiallytheelderly.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitfocusesonthefundamentaltaskofsocialism,whichistoliberateanddevelopproductiveforces.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitfocusesonthebasiceconomicsystem.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitfocusesonthebasicdistributionsystem.6.B解析：“Lushgreenmountainsandclearwatersareequivalenttogoldandsilvermountains.”Thissentencereflectstheideathattheecologicalenvironmentandeconomicdevelopmentaremutuallypromoting.Thisisbecauseprotectingtheecologicalenvironmentcancreateeconomicbenefitsthroughthedevelopmentofeco-tourism,greenindustries,andothersustainablepractices,whileeconomicdevelopmentcanprovidetheresourcesandtechnologyneededtoprotecttheenvironment.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitsuggeststhattheecologicalenvironmentandeconomicdevelopmentareinconflict.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitsuggeststhattheecologicalenvironmentitselfcanbringeconomicbenefits,ignoringotheraspectsofitsvalue.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitsuggeststhateconomicdevelopmentinevitablysacrificestheenvironment,ignoringthepotentialforsustainabledevelopment.7.A解析：Chinaadherestocomprehensivelygoverningthecountryaccordingtolawandacceleratingtheconstructionofarule-of-lawsociety.ThisrequiresthatallorganizationsandindividualsmustabidebytheConstitutionandthelaw.Thisisbecausetheruleoflawisthefoundationofaharmonioussocietyandtheguaranteeofsocialstabilityandfairness.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitisonlyoneaspectoftheruleoflaw.OptionCisincorrectbecausecitizensarealsosubjecttothelaw.OptionDisincorrectbecausetheconstructionoftheruleoflawisprimarilytheresponsibilityofthelegislativeandjudicialbranches,nottheexecutivebranch.8.A解析：Chinaactivelyparticipatesinthereformanddevelopmentoftheglobalgovernancesystemandpromotestheconstructionofacommunitywithasharedfutureformankind.ThisreflectsChina'sadherencetoanindependentandpeacefulforeignpolicy.ThisisbecauseChinaadvocatesformutualrespect,fairness,andcooperationamongallcountries,andopposeshegemonismandstrong-armpolitics.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitsuggestsazero-sumgameininternationalrelations,whichiscontrarytoChina'sforeignpolicy.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitsuggestshegemonismandstrong-armpolitics,whichareopposedbyChina.OptionDisincorrectbecauseChinaparticipatesinmanyinternationalorganizations.9.C解析：Traditionalcultureistherootandsoulofthenation.WepromotethecreativetransformationandinnovativedevelopmentofoutstandingChinesetraditionalculturetomakeitadapttomodernsociety.Thisisbecausetraditionalculturecontainsvaluablevaluesandwisdomthatcanbeappliedtocontemporarysociety,whilealsoneedingtobeadaptedtomeettheneedsandtastesofmodernpeople.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitsuggestsabandoningallthedrossintraditionalculture.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitsuggestsretainingallthecontentoftraditionalculture.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitsuggestsinheritingtraditionalcultureandrejectingforeignculture,whichisnotconducivetoculturalexchangeanddevelopment.10.B解析：Amiddleschoolconductsathemeclasson“LearningtheSpiritofthe20thNationalCongress”toguidestudentstoestablishcorrectvalues.Thisreflectsthefunctionofschooleducationincultivatingstudents'soundpersonality.Thisisbecauseeducationplaysacrucialroleinshapingstudents'moralcharacter,values,andattitudestowardslife.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitfocusesonthefunctionofpopularizingscientificknowledge.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitfocusesonthefunctionofpromotingeconomicdevelopment.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitfocusesonthefunctionofmaintainingsocialstability.11.A解析：Materialistdialecticsholdsthatthedrivingforceforthedevelopmentofthingsistheinternalcontradictionwithinthings.Thisisbecauseinternalcontradictionsarethesourceofthemovementanddevelopmentofthings,astheyrepresenttheconflictandunityofdifferentaspectswithinthings,leadingtochangeandprogress.OptionBisincorrectbecauseexternallinksareconditionsforthedevelopmentofthings,notthedrivingforce.OptionCisincorrectbecausequantitativechangeisanecessarypreparationforqualitativechange,notthedrivingforce.OptionDisincorrectbecausequalitativechangeistheinevitableresultofquantitativechange,notthedrivingforce.12.A解析：“Withoutaccumulatinghalfastep,onecannotreachathousandmiles;withoutaccumulatingsmallstreams,onecannotformriversandseas.”Thissentencereflectsthatquantitativechangeisthenecessarypreparationforqualitativechange.Thisisbecausetheaccumulationofsmallchangesovertimecaneventuallyleadtosignificanttransformationoraqualitativeleap.OptionBisincorrectbecausequalitativechangeistheinevitableresultofquantitativechange,nottheotherwayaround.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitreflectsthetortuousnessofdevelopment.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitreflectstheforwardtrendofdevelopment.13.B解析：Dialecticalnegationisthenegationofthingsbythemselves.Thisisbecausenegationisaninherentpartofthedialecticalprocessofdevelopment,wherethingsovercomeandtransformthemselvesthroughinternalcontradictions.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitisacompletenegationofthings.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitisasimplerejectionofthings.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitisacompletepreservationofthings.14.A解析：AdheringtotheleadershipoftheParty,thepeoplebeingmastersofthecountry,andgoverningthecountryaccordingtolaworganicallyunitesthethree,andtheleadershipofthePartyisthefundamentalguaranteeforthepeopletobemastersofthecountryandgoverningthecountryaccordingtolaw.ThisisbecausethePartyleadsthecountryandrepresentstheinterestsofthepeople,ensuringthatthestateapparatusactsinthepeople'sinterestsandupholdstheruleoflaw.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitistheprerequisiteforthepeopletobemastersofthecountryandgoverningthecountryaccordingtolaw.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitisamanifestationofthepeoplebeingmastersofthecountryandgoverningthecountryaccordingtolaw.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitistheresultofthepeoplebeingmastersofthecountryandgoverningthecountryaccordingtolaw.15.B解析：Peoplemaketravelplansaccordingtoweatherforecastsbasedontheirawareness.Thisreflectstheactiveroleofconsciousness.Thisisbecauseconsciousnesscannotonlyreflectobjectiverealitybutalsoactonit,guidingpeople'sbehavior.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitisanaturalphenomenon,notrelatedtoconsciousness.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitreflectsthedirectimpactofproductiononconsumption,nottheactiveroleofconsciousness.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitisanaturaldisaster,notrelatedtoconsciousness.二、多项选择题16.ABCDE解析：ThebasiceconomicsystemofChinaistheprimarypublicownershipwithmultipleformsofownershipdevelopingsidebyside,theprimarydistributionsystemisthedistributionaccordingtolaborwithmultipledistributionmethodscoexisting,andthebasiceconomicsystematthisstageisthesocialistmarketeconomysystem.Non-publiceconomyisanimportantpartofthesocialistmarketeconomy,andthestateguaranteestheconsolidationanddevelopmentofthepubliceconomy.Allthesestatementsarecorrect.17.ABC解析：Thelevelofresidents'income,consumptionconcepts,andcommoditypricelevelsallaffectthelevelofconsumption.Thisisbecauseincomeisthematerialbasisforconsumption,consumptionconceptsaffectconsumptionbehavior,andcommoditypricelevelsaffectthepurchasingpowerofconsumers.OptionDisincorrectbecausesocialsecuritylevelaffectsconsumptionindirectly,notdirectly.OptionEisincorrectbecausenaturaldisastersaffectproductionandincome,whichinturnaffectsconsumption,notdirectly.18.ABCDE解析：ThegovernmentofChinahasfunctionssuchasguaranteeingthepeople'sdemocraticrightsandmaintainingthelong-termstabilityofthecountry,organizingtheconstructionofsocialisteconomy,organizingtheconstructionofsocialistculture,strengtheningsocialconstruction,andpromotingecologicalcivilizationconstruction.Theseareallimportantfunctionsofthegovernmentinmaintainingsocialorder,promotingeconomicdevelopment,andimprovingpeople'slives.Allthesestatementsarecorrect.19.ABC解析：Citizenshavetherighttovoteandstandforelection,freedomofpolitics,andtherighttosupervise.Theseareallimportantpoliticalrightsofcitizensinademocracy.OptionDisincorrectbecausereligiousbelieffreedomisacivilright,notapoliticalright.OptionEisincorrectbecausetherighttolaborisaneconomicright,notapoliticalright.20.ABC解析：Culturehascognitivefunctions,educationalfunctions,andaestheticfunctions.Thesefunctionshelppeopleunderstandtheworld,improvethemselves,andenjoybeauty.OptionDisincorrectbecausecultureisnotaresourceinitself,butitcanbedevelopedintoaresource.OptionEisincorrectbecauseculturehaspoliticalfunctions,butitisnotitsprimaryfunction.三、简答题21.价值规律的表现形式是价格围绕价值上下波动。价值规律的作用有：调节生产资料和劳动力的分配；刺激商品生产者改进生产技术，提高劳动生产率；优胜劣汰，促进商品生产者优胜劣汰。解析：Theformofexpressionofthelawofvalueisthefluctuationofpricearoundvalue.Thefunctionsofthelawofvalueare:regulatingtheallocationofproductionmaterialsandlabor;stimulatingcommodityproducerstoimproveproductiontechnologyandlaborproductivity;promotingthesurvivalofthefittestandeliminationoftheunfitamongcommodityproducers.22.我国政府依法行政的意义在于：保障人民群众的权利和自由；加强廉政建设，提高政府公信力；防止行政权力的滥用，维护社会公平正义；推进社会主义民主法治建设。解析：ThesignificanceofthegovernmentofChinaadministeringaccordingtolawliesin:safeguardingtherightsandfreedomsofthepeople;strengtheninganti-corruptioneffortsandimprovingthegovernment'scredibility;preventingtheabuseofadministrativepowerandmaintainingsocialfairnessandjustice;promotingtheconstructionofsocialistdemocracyandruleoflaw.四、辨析题23.该观点错误。经济基础决定上层建筑，上层建筑对经济基础具有反作用，但上层建筑不能决定经济基础。经济基础是上层建筑赖以存在和发展的物质基础，上层建筑是经济基础的政治的和思想的表现形式，它反作用于经济基础，促进或阻碍经济基础的发展。当上层建筑适合经济基础发展要求时，它会促进经济基础的发展；当上层建筑不适合经济基础发展要求时，它会阻碍经济基础的发展。解析：Thisstatementisincorrect.Theeconomicbasedeterminesthesuperstructure,andthesuperstructurehasaneffectontheeconomicbase,butthesuperstructurecannotdeterminetheeconomicbase.Theeconomicbaseisthematerialbasisfortheexistenceanddevelopmentofthesuperstructure,andthesuperstructureisthepoliticalandideologicalexpressionformoftheeconomicbase.Ithasaneffectontheeconomicbase,promotingorhinderingitsdevelopment.Whenthesuperstructureissuitableforthedevelopmentrequirementsoftheeconomicbase,itwillpromotethedevelopmentoftheeconomicbase.Whenthesuperstructureisnotsuitableforthedevelopmentrequirementsoftheeconomicbase,itwillhinderthedevelopmentoftheeconomicbase.24.该观点不完全正确。文化有先进与落后、健康与腐朽之分，大力发展先进文化是建设文化强国的必要条件，但不是充分条件。建设文化强国还需要加强文化软实力建设，提高国家文化影响力；推动文化创新，创作更多优秀文化产品；加强文化产业发展，培育新型文化业态；等等。解析：Thisstatementisnotentirelycorrect.Culturehasadvancedandbackward,healthyanddecadentdivisions.Developingadvancedcultureisanecessaryconditionforbuildingastrongculturalnation,butnotasufficientcondition.Buildingastrongculturalnationalsorequiresstrengtheningtheconstructionofculturalsoftpower,improvingthecountry'sculturalinfluence;promotingculturalinnovation,creatingmoreexcellentculturalproducts;strengtheningculturalindustrydevelopment,cultivatingnewculturalformats;andsoon.五、材料分析题25.（1）我国经济发展取得的成就体现在：国内生产总值增长，经济运行整体回升向好；消费市场持续恢复，对经济增长的基础性作用增强；工业生产保持增长，新兴产业发展迅速；经济结构不断优化，高质量发展稳步推进。解析：TheachievementsinChina'seconomicdevelopmentarereflectedin:thegrowthofGDP,theoverallrecoveryandimprovementoftheeconomicoperation;thecontinuousrecoveryoftheconsumermarket,enhancingthebasicroleofconsumptionineconomicgrowth;thecontinuedgrowthofindustrialproduction,therapiddevelopmentofemergingindustries;andthecontinuousoptimizationoftheeconomicstructure,thesteadyadvancementofhigh-qualitydevelopment.（2）我国政府采取的政策措施体现了以下经济发展理念：坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，着力扩大内需，增强消费对经济发展的基础性作用；坚持新发展理念，加快建设现代化产业体系，推动经济高质量发展；坚持创新驱动发展战略，强化科技自立自强，提升经济发展质量；坚持全面深化改革开放，营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境，激发市场活力和社会创造力。解析：ThepolicymeasurestakenbytheChinesegovernmentreflectthefollowingeconomicdevelopmentconcepts:adheringtothepeople-centereddevelopmentidea,focusingonexpandingdomesticdemand,enhancingthebasicroleofconsumptionineconomicdevelopment;adheringtothenewdevelopmentconcept,acceleratingtheconstructionofamodernindustrialsystem,promotinghigh-qualityeconomicdevelopment;adheringtothedevelopments