2026年天津市部编版初中英语下册语法填空专项训练

2026年天津市部编版初中英语下册语法填空专项训练一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Mr.Smithisinterestedincollectingstamps.Hehasbeendoingitfortenyears,andhe_______manyrarestampssofar.A.collectB.collectedC.hascollectedD.willcollect解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法。根据句中时间状语“fortenyears”和“sofar”，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，应用现在完成时。选项A为一般现在时，选项B为一般过去时，选项D为一般将来时，均不符合语境。故选C。2.Thegirlinredismysister.She_______swimmingeverymorningsinceshewasten.A.goB.goesC.wentD.hasgone解析：本题考查现在完成时的固定搭配“everymorning”。根据时间状语“sinceshewasten”和“everymorning”的持续性，应用现在完成时。选项A为一般现在时，选项C为一般过去时，选项D为现在完成时，但缺少固定搭配。故选B。3.Myparents_______toBeijingnextmonthforabusinesstrip.Theywillstaythereforaweek.A.goB.goesC.goingD.aregoing解析：本题考查将来时的用法。根据时间状语“nextmonth”和“willstaythere”，应用一般将来时。选项A为一般现在时，选项B为一般现在时第三人称单数形式，选项C为动名词形式，不符合语法。故选D。4.Ifit_______tomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.A.doesn’trainB.won’trainC.isn’trainingD.won’tberaining解析：本题考查虚拟语气的用法。根据主句“wewillgo”，表示对未来的假设，从句应用一般现在时。选项B为一般将来时，选项C为现在进行时，选项D为将来进行时，均不符合语境。故选A。5.Theteacheraskedthestudents_______theywerereadyfortheexam.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句的用法。根据句意“老师问学生是否准备好了”，应用宾语从句，连接词应为“if”或“whether”。选项B和D不符合语法。故选A和C。6.Mybrother_______acarlastyear,buthesolditbecauseitwastooexpensivetomaintain.A.buyB.boughtC.buysD.hasbought解析：本题考查一般过去时的用法。根据时间状语“lastyear”，表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。选项A为一般现在时，选项C为一般现在时第三人称单数形式，选项D为现在完成时，均不符合语境。故选B。7.Thestudents_______theirhomeworkwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.A.doB.didC.aredoingD.weredoing解析：本题考查过去进行时的用法。根据时间状语“whentheteachercame”，表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。选项A为一般现在时，选项B为一般过去时，选项C为现在进行时，均不符合语境。故选D。8.IfI_______you,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam.A.amB.beC.wereD.is解析：本题考查虚拟语气的用法。根据主句“wouldstudy”，表示对现在的假设，从句应用一般过去时。选项A和D为一般现在时，选项B不符合语法。故选C。9.Thebook_______bymygrandfatherwhenIwasachild.A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.iswritten解析：本题考查被动语态的用法。根据时间状语“whenIwasachild”，表示过去发生的被动动作，应用一般过去时的被动语态。选项A和C为主动语态，选项D为一般现在时的被动语态，均不符合语境。故选B。10.Thegirl_______inthecornerismybestfriend.Sheisverykindandhelpful.A.sitB.sitsC.sittingD.wassitting解析：本题考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句意“坐在角落里的女孩”，应用现在分词作后置定语。选项A和D为一般现在时和过去时，选项B为一般现在时第三人称单数形式，不符合语法。故选C。二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Myfather_______tothelibraryeverySundaytoreadbooks.解析：参考答案：goes解析：根据时间状语“everySunday”，表示每周发生的动作，应用一般现在时。2.Ifit_______tomorrow,wewillhaveapicnicinthepark.解析：参考答案：doesn’train解析：根据主句“wewillhave”，表示对未来的假设，从句应用一般现在时。3.Thegirl_______ismysister.Sheisveryintelligent.解析：参考答案：standing解析：根据句意“站在那里的女孩”，应用现在分词作后置定语。4.Mybrother_______anewbikelastmonth.解析：参考答案：bought解析：根据时间状语“lastmonth”，表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。5.Thestudents_______theirhomeworkwhentheteacherenteredtheclassroom.解析：参考答案：weredoing解析：根据时间状语“whentheteacherentered”，表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。6.IfI_______you,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam.解析：参考答案：were解析：根据主句“wouldstudy”，表示对现在的假设，从句应用一般过去时。7.Thebook_______bymymotherwhenIwasachild.解析：参考答案：waswritten解析：根据时间状语“whenIwasachild”，表示过去发生的被动动作，应用一般过去时的被动语态。8.Theman_______inthecarismyuncle.Heisdrivingtotheairport.解析：参考答案：sitting解析：根据句意“坐在车里的男人”，应用现在分词作后置定语。9.Mysister_______tothesupermarketthismorningtobuysomegroceries.解析：参考答案：went解析：根据时间状语“thismorning”，表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。10.Thegirl_______ismybestfriend.Sheisverykind.解析：参考答案：reading解析：根据句意“正在读书的女孩”，应用现在分词作后置定语。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thestudentswillhaveapartynextweekend.Theyaregoingtoinvitetheirfriends.解析：参考答案：正确解析：根据时间状语“nextweekend”，表示未来的计划，应用一般将来时。句子结构完整，时态正确。2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.解析：参考答案：正确解析：根据主句“wewillnotgo”，表示对未来的否定假设，从句应用一般现在时。句子结构完整，时态正确。3.Thegirlwhoissittinginthecornerismysister.Sheisveryintelligent.解析：参考答案：正确解析：句子结构完整，时态正确，非谓语动词使用正确。4.Mybrotherboughtanewbikelastmonth.Heisveryhappy.解析：参考答案：正确解析：根据时间状语“lastmonth”，表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。句子结构完整，时态正确。5.Thestudentsweredoingtheirhomeworkwhentheteacherenteredtheclassroom.解析：参考答案：正确解析：根据时间状语“whentheteacherentered”，表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。句子结构完整，时态正确。6.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam.解析：参考答案：正确解析：根据主句“wouldstudy”，表示对现在的假设，从句应用一般过去时。句子结构完整，时态正确。7.ThebookwaswrittenbymymotherwhenIwasachild.解析：参考答案：正确解析：根据时间状语“whenIwasachild”，表示过去发生的被动动作，应用一般过去时的被动语态。句子结构完整，时态正确。8.Themansittinginthecarismyuncle.Heisdrivingtotheairport.解析：参考答案：正确解析：句子结构完整，时态正确，非谓语动词使用正确。9.Mysisterwenttothesupermarketthismorning.Sheboughtsomegroceries.解析：参考答案：正确解析：根据时间状语“thismorning”，表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。句子结构完整，时态正确。10.Thegirlreadinginthecornerismybestfriend.Sheisverykind.解析：参考答案：正确解析：句子结构完整，时态正确，非谓语动词使用正确。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"gotothelibrary"and"goforawalk."解析："Gotothelibrary"meanstogotoalibrarytoreadbooks,study,orborrowbooks.Itisaspecificpurpose."Goforawalk"meanstowalkforpleasureorexercisewithoutaspecificdestination.Itisageneralactivity.Thekeydifferenceisthat"gotothelibrary"hasaspecificpurpose,while"goforawalk"isageneralactivity.2.Whatisthefunctionof"if"inasentence?解析："If"isusedtointroduceaconditionalclauseinasentence.Itindicatesaconditionanditspossibleresult.Forexample,"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."Here,"ifitrainstomorrow"isthecondition,and"wewillcancelthepicnic"istheresult.3.Howdoyouformthepresentperfecttense?解析：Thepresentperfecttenseisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"have"or"has"plusthepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"Ihavefinishedmyhomework."or"Shehasgonetothesupermarket."Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresentorhavearesultinthepresent.4.Whatisthedifferencebetween"sit"and"besitting"?解析："Sit"isthebaseformoftheverb,usedinthepresentsimpletenseorasaninfinitive.Forexample,"Isitatthedeskeveryday.""Besitting"isthepresentparticipleformusedwiththeverb"be"toformthepresentcontinuoustense.Forexample,"Iamsittingatthedesknow."Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionshappeningatthemomentofspeaking.5.Howdoyouuse"whether"inasentence?解析："Whether"isusedtointroduceanalternativeorachoice.Itisoftenusedinifclausestopresenttwopossibilities.Forexample,"Youcantakethebusorthetrain,whetheryouprefer."Here,"whetheryouprefer"presentsthechoicebetweentakingthebusorthetrain.6.Whatisthefunctionof"hasbeendoing"inasentence?解析："Hasbeendoing"isthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.Itisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandhascontinueduptothepresent.Forexample,"Shehasbeenstudyingforthreehours."Here,theactionofstudyingstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.7.Howdoyouformthepastcontinuoustense?解析：Thepastcontinuoustenseisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"was"or"were"plusthepresentparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"Iwasreadingabookwhenthephonerang."or"TheywerewatchingTVatthattime."Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionshappeningataspecifictimeinthepast.8.Whatisthedifferencebetween"write"and"haswritten"?解析："Write"isthebaseformoftheverb,usedinthepresentsimpletenseorasaninfinitive.Forexample,"Iwritealettereveryweek.""Haswritten"isthepresentperfecttense.Itisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandhasaresultinthepresent.Forexample,"Ihavewrittenalettereveryweek."Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribecompletedactionsoractionswithaconnectiontothepresent.五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets.Mybrother_______(go)tothelibraryeverySundaytoreadbooks.解析：参考答案：goes解析：根据时间状语“everySunday”，表示每周发生的动作，应用一般现在时。主语“Mybrother”是第三人称单数，动词需要加“-s”。2.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets.Ifit_______(rain)tomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.解析：参考答案：rains解析：根据主句“wewillnotgo”，表示对未来的否定假设，从句应用一般现在时。主语“It”是第三人称单数，动词需要加“-s”。3.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets.Thegirl_______(sit)inthecornerismysister.Sheisveryintelligent.解析：参考答案：sitting解析：根据句意“坐在角落里的女孩”，应用现在分词作后置定语。主语“Thegirl”是第三人称单数，动词需要加“-ing”。4.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets.Mybrother_______(buy)anewbikelastmonth.解析：参考答案：bought解析：根据时间状语“lastmonth”，表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。主语“Mybrother”是第三人称单数，动词需要加“-ed”。5.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets.Thestudents_______(do)theirhomeworkwhentheteacherenteredtheclassroom.解析：参考答案：weredoing解析：根据时间状语“whentheteacherentered”，表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语“Thestudents”是复数，动词需要加“-ing”。6.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets.IfI_______(be)you,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam.解析：参考答案：were解析：根据主句“wouldstudy”，表示对现在的假设，从句应用一般过去时。主语“I”是第一人称单数，动词需要加“-d”。标准答案及解析一、单项选择题1.C2.B3.D4.A5.A/C6.B7.D8.C9.B10.C解析：同前。二、填空题1.goes2.doesn’train3.standing4.bought5.weredoing6.were7.waswritten8.sitting9.went10.reading解析：同前。三、判断题1.正确2.正确3.正确4.正确5.正确6.正确7.正确8.正确9.正确10.正确解析：同前。四、简答题1."Gotothelibrary"meanstogotoalibrarytoreadbooks,study,orborrowbooks.Itisaspecificpurpose."Goforawalk"meanstowalkforpleasureorexercisewithoutaspecificdestination.Itisageneralactivity.Thekeydifferenceisthat"gotothelibrary"hasaspecificpurpose,while"goforawalk"isageneralactivity.2."If"isusedtointroduceaconditionalclauseinasentence.Itindicatesaconditionanditspossibleresult.Forexample,"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."Here,"ifitrainstomorrow"isthecondition,and"wewillcancelthepicnic"istheresult.3.Thepresentperfecttenseisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"have"or"has"plusthepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"Ihavefinishedmyhomework."or"Shehasgonetothesupermarket."Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresentorhavearesultinthepresent.4."Sit"isthebaseformoftheverb,usedinthepresentsimpletenseorasaninfinitive.Forexample,"Isitatthedeskeveryday.""Besitting"isthepresentparticipleformusedwiththeverb"be"toformthepresentcontinuoustense.Forexample,"Iamsittingatthedesknow."Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionshappeningatthemomentofspeaking.5."Whether"isusedtointroduceanalternativeorachoice.Itisoftenusedinifclausestopresenttwopossibilities.