2026年浙江省人教版初中英语下册第12单元语法练习

2026年浙江省人教版初中英语下册第12单元语法练习一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextmonth.解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时），"because"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时），"when"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项C中"since"连接的从句需用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，但"started"时态正确；选项D中"mustnot"表示一般性禁止，时态正确。正确答案为C，但需注意原题中"since"连接的从句时态应为一般过去时，此处为命题错误，实际正确表述应为：Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneededtostudyfortheexamlastweek.2.选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项。A.Thereisabookonthetablewhichisbelongtomysister.B.IboughtsomeapplesandtwoorangesatthesupermarketlastSunday.C.Hegoestoschoolbybuseverydayexceptonweekends.D.Thestudentsareinterestedinmusicandtheyplaytheguitaratweekend.解析：选项A中"which"前需加"the"（特指关系代词）；选项B中"apples"和"oranges"为可数名词复数，"some"使用正确；选项C中"except"前需加"on"（介词固定搭配）；选项D中"atweekend"应为"onweekends"（固定搭配）。正确答案为B，但需注意原题中"atweekend"时态错误，实际正确表述应为：IboughtsomeapplesandtwoorangesatthesupermarketlastSunday.3.选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Shearrivedatthestationintimeforthetrainwhichleaveat8:00AM.B.Thecatissittingunderthetablebecauseitisafraidofthedog.C.Heisinterestedinplayingthepianosincehestartedat6yearsold.D.Theywenttotheparkonfootyesterdayafternoonbecausetheywanttorelax.解析：选项A中"which"前需加"the"（特指关系代词），"leave"应为"leaves"（一般现在时）；选项B中"under"使用正确；选项C中"since"连接的从句需用一般过去时，"started"时态正确；选项D中"onfoot"应为"byfoot"（固定搭配）。正确答案为B，但需注意原题中"onfoot"介词错误，实际正确表述应为：Thecatissittingunderthetablebecauseitisafraidofthedog.4.选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.Isawaboywhoisplayingtheguitarinthegardenyesterday.B.Sheaskedmetowaitforheruntilshefinishherwork.C.Thebookwhichhewrotelastyearwasverypopularamongstudents.D.Theywenttotheconcertbecausetheyenjoylisteningtotheband.解析：选项A中"who"前需加"the"（特指关系代词），"isplaying"时态错误；选项B中"finish"应为"finishes"（一般现在时）；选项C中"which"前需加"the"（特指关系代词），"wrote"时态正确；选项D中"enjoy"后需加"todo"（固定搭配）。正确答案为C，但需注意原题中"enjoylistening"结构错误，实际正确表述应为：Theywenttotheconcertbecausetheyenjoylisteningtotheband.5.选择下列句子中时态使用正确的一项。A.Mysisterwillcallmeassoonasshearriveattheairporttomorrow.B.TheyhavebeentoLondontwicebecausetheywenttherelastyear.C.Theteachertoldusthatwemuststudyhardfortheexamnextweek.D.Ididn’tseeheratthepartybecausesheleftearly.解析：选项A中"arrive"应为"arrives"（一般现在时）；选项B中"havebeento"与"went"时态矛盾，"went"应为"havebeen"（现在完成时）；选项C中"muststudy"应为"muststudy"（一般现在时）；选项D中"didn’tsee"和"left"时态正确。正确答案为D，但需注意原题中"havebeen"时态错误，实际正确表述应为：TheyhavebeentoLondontwicebecausetheyhavebeentherelastyear.6.选择下列句子中代词使用正确的一项。A.Thisisthebookwhichmyfathergavetomelastmonth.B.SheaskedmeifIcanhelpherwithherhomeworkyesterday.C.Thestudentsareinterestedinmusicbecausetheyplaytheguitaratweekend.D.Hetoldmethathewashappytoseeyouattheparty.解析：选项A中"which"前需加"the"（特指关系代词），"me"应为"him"（指代一致）；选项B中"canhelp"应为"couldhelp"（过去时态）；选项C中"atweekend"应为"onweekends"（固定搭配）；选项D中"you"应为"me"（指代一致）。正确答案为D，但需注意原题中"you"指代错误，实际正确表述应为：Hetoldmethathewashappytoseemeattheparty.7.选择下列句子中形容词比较级使用正确的一项。A.ThisisthemostinterestingbookwhichIhaveeverread.B.Sheistallerthanherbrotherbutsheisnotasintelligentashim.C.Hiscarismoreexpensivethanminebutitislesscomfortable.D.Theweatherismoresunnytodaythanitwasyesterday.解析：选项A中"mostinteresting"应为"mostinteresting"（最高级）；选项B中"intelligent"应为"intelligent"（形容词一致）；选项C中"comfortable"应为"comfortable"（形容词一致）；选项D中"sunny"应为"sunny"（形容词一致）。正确答案为B，但需注意原题中"intelligent"一致错误，实际正确表述应为：Sheistallerthanherbrotherbutsheisnotasintelligentashe.8.选择下列句子中连词使用正确的一项。A.Sheiseitherateacheroradoctorbecausesheworksinahospital.B.Hewillgotothepartyifhefinishhishomework.C.Althoughitisraining,theydecidedtogoforawalk.D.Thebookisneitherinterestingnorboringbecauseitisveryfunny.解析：选项A中"either...or"需用"or"连接，"because"引导的从句时态错误；选项B中"finish"应为"finishes"（一般现在时）；选项C中"Although"使用正确；选项D中"neither...nor"需用"nor"连接，"funny"应为"funny"（形容词一致）。正确答案为C，但需注意原题中"neither...nor"结构错误，实际正确表述应为：Thebookisneitherinterestingnorboringbecauseitisveryfunny.9.选择下列句子中固定搭配使用正确的一项。A.Sheisgoodatplaythepianoandshestartedat5yearsold.B.Hewenttotheconcertbyfootyesterdayafternoonbecausehewanttorelax.C.Thestudentsareinterestedinmusicbecausetheyplaytheguitaratweekend.D.Theywenttotheparkonfootyesterdayafternoonbecausetheywanttorelax.解析：选项A中"playthepiano"应为"playingthepiano"（固定搭配）；选项B中"byfoot"应为"onfoot"（固定搭配）；选项C中"atweekend"应为"onweekends"（固定搭配）；选项D中"onfoot"应为"onfoot"（固定搭配）。正确答案为D，但需注意原题中"onfoot"介词错误，实际正确表述应为：Theywenttotheparkonfootyesterdayafternoonbecausetheywanttorelax.10.选择下列句子中固定搭配使用正确的一项。A.Sheisgoodatplaythepianoandshestartedat5yearsold.B.Hewenttotheconcertbyfootyesterdayafternoonbecausehewanttorelax.C.Thestudentsareinterestedinmusicbecausetheyplaytheguitaratweekend.D.Theywenttotheparkonfootyesterdayafternoonbecausetheywanttorelax.解析：选项A中"playthepiano"应为"playingthepiano"（固定搭配）；选项B中"byfoot"应为"onfoot"（固定搭配）；选项C中"atweekend"应为"onweekends"（固定搭配）；选项D中"onfoot"应为"onfoot"（固定搭配）。正确答案为D，但需注意原题中"onfoot"介词错误，实际正确表述应为：Theywenttotheparkonfootyesterdayafternoonbecausetheywanttorelax.二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Mybrother______(go)tothelibraryeverydaybecausehe______(study)fortheexamnextweek.2.She______(be)inthegardenwhenI______(call)heryesterdayevening.3.They______(have)finishedtheirhomeworksincethey______(start)at4PMyesterday.4.Theteachertoldusthatwe______(notuse)phonesinclassnextmonth.5.Mysisterwillcallmeassoonasshe______(arrive)attheairporttomorrow.6.I______(notsee)heratthepartybecauseshe______(leave)early.7.Thestudents______(be)interestedinmusicbecausethey______(play)theguitaratweekend.8.Hetoldmethathe______(be)happytoseemeattheparty.9.Thisisthebookwhichmyfather______(give)tomelastmonth.10.Sheistallerthanherbrotherbutsheisnotasintelligentas______.解析：11.goes,isstudying（一般现在时表示习惯性动作，现在进行时表示正在进行的动作）12.was,called（一般过去时表示过去发生的动作）13.have,started（现在完成时表示动作完成，一般过去时表示过去发生的动作）14.mustnotuse（一般现在时表示规则）15.arrives（一般现在时表示将来时间）16.didn’tsee,left（一般过去时表示过去发生的动作）17.are,play（一般现在时表示习惯性动作）18.was（一般过去时表示过去发生的动作）19.gave（一般过去时表示过去发生的动作）20.he（代词指代一致）三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.（×）解析：need应为needed（一般过去时），"because"连接的从句需与主句时态一致。2.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.（×）解析：call应为called（一般过去时），"when"连接的从句需与主句时态一致。3.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.（×）解析：since连接的从句需用一般过去时，started时态正确，但主句"havefinished"与从句时态矛盾。4.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextmonth.（√）解析：mustnot表示一般性禁止，时态正确。5.Mysisterwillcallmeassoonasshearriveattheairporttomorrow.（×）解析：arrive应为arrives（一般现在时表示将来时间）。6.Ididn’tseeheratthepartybecausesheleftearly.（√）解析：时态和逻辑关系均正确。7.Thestudentsareinterestedinmusicbecausetheyplaytheguitaratweekend.（×）解析：atweekend应为onweekends（固定搭配）。8.Hetoldmethathewashappytoseeyouattheparty.（×）解析：you应为me（指代一致）。9.Thisisthebookwhichmyfathergavetomelastmonth.（×）解析：gave应为gave（一般过去时），但"me"应为"him"（指代一致）。10.Sheistallerthanherbrotherbutsheisnotasintelligentashim.（×）解析：intelligent应为intelligent（形容词一致）。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.简述第12单元中一般现在时和现在进行时的区别。参考答案：一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实，如Sheoftengoestothelibrary.现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，常与时间状语now或bedoing连用，如Sheisgoingtothelibrarynow.2.简述第12单元中固定搭配playthepiano和playtheguitar的区别。参考答案：playthepiano指弹钢琴，playtheguitar指弹吉他，两者动词形式相同但乐器名词不同。3.简述第12单元中固定搭配onfoot和byfoot的区别。参考答案：onfoot指步行，byfoot是错误的表达，正确应为onfoot。4.简述第12单元中固定搭配atweekend和onweekends的区别。参考答案：atweekend是错误的表达，正确应为onweekends（复数形式）。5.简述第12单元中固定搭配either...or和neither...nor的区别。参考答案：either...or连接两个选项，肯定句用or；neither...nor连接两个选项，否定句用nor。6.简述第12单元中固定搭配assoonas和if的区别。参考答案：assoonas表示“一……就……”，if表示“如果”。7.简述第12单元中固定搭配although和but的区别。参考答案：although表示“虽然”，but表示“但是”，两者不能连用。8.简述第12单元中固定搭配begoodat和beinterestedin的区别。参考答案：begoodat表示“擅长”，beinterestedin表示“对……感兴趣”。五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.根据第12单元语法知识，改错下列句子。a.Shegoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.b.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.c.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.d.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextmonth.参考答案：a.Shegoestothelibrarybecausesheneededtostudyfortheexamlastweek.b.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcalledhimyesterdayevening.c.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.d.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextmonth.2.根据第12单元语法知识，完成下列对话。A:Whatareyoudoingnow?B:______.A:Really?CanIjoinyou?B:Sure,let’sgo.参考答案：B:Iamplayingtheguitar.3.根据第12单元语法知识，完成下列句子。a.Sheis______herbrotherbutsheisnotasintelligentashim.b.Mysisterwillcallmeassoonasshe______attheairporttomorrow.c.Ididn’tseeheratthepartybecauseshe______early.参考答案：a.Sheistallerthanherbrotherbutsheisnotasintelligentashim.b.Mysisterwillcallmeassoonasshearrivesattheairporttomorrow.c.Ididn’tseeheratthepartybecausesheleftearly.4.根据第12单元语法知识，完成下列句子。a.Thisisthebookwhichmyfather______tomelastmonth.b.Thestudentsareinterestedinmusicbecausethey______theguitaratweekend.c.Hetoldmethathe______happytoseemeattheparty.参考答案：a.Thisisthebookwhichmyfathergavetomelastmonth.b.Thestudentsareinterestedinmusicbecausetheyplaytheguitaratweekend.c.Hetoldmethathewashappytoseemeattheparty.5.根据第12单元语法知识，改错下列句子。a.Sheisgoodatplaythepianoandshestartedat5yearsold.b.Hewenttotheconcertbyfootyesterdayafternoonbecausehewanttorelax.c.Thestudentsareinterestedinmusicbecausetheyplaytheguitaratweekend.参考答案：a.Sheisgoodatplayingthepianoandshestartedat5yearsold.b.Hewenttotheconcertonfootyesterdayafternoonbecausehewantstorelax.c.Thestudentsareinterestedinmusicbecausetheyplaytheguitaronweekends.6.根据第12单元语法知识，完成下列句子。a.Mybrother______tothelibraryeverydaybecausehe______tostudyfortheexamnextweek.b.Theteachertoldusthatwe______notusephonesinclassnextmonth.参考答案：a.Mybrothergoestothelibraryeverydaybecauseheneedstostudyfortheexamnextweek.b.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextmonth.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C2.B3.B4.C5.D6.D7.B8.C9.D10.D二、填空题1.goes,isstudying2.was,called3.have,started4.mustnotuse5.arrives6.didn’tsee,left7.are,play8.was9.gave10.he三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.√5.×6.√7.×8.×9.×10.×四、简答题1.一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实，如Sheoftengoestothelibrary.现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，常与时间状语now或bedoing连用，如Sheisgoingtothelibrarynow.2.playthepiano指弹钢琴，playtheguitar指弹吉他，两者动词形式相同但乐器名词不同。3.onfoot指步行，byfoot是错误的表达，正确应为onfoot。4.atweekend是错误的表达，正确应为onweekends（复数形式）。5.e