语法特色测试题附答案

语法特色测试题附答案考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、选择题1.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(A)if(B)whether(C)that(D)what2.IwishI______speakFrenchfluently.(A)can(B)could(C)will(D)may3.Itisimportantthateveryone______treatedequally.(A)is(B)be(C)willbe(D)hasbeen4.______hecomes,wewon'tbeabletostartthegameontime.(A)Assoonas(B)Until(C)Before(D)Unless5.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(A)which(B)that(C)whose(D)whom6.Sheistheonlyperson______Itrustcompletely.(A)which(B)who(C)that(D)whom7.Theman______livesnextdoorisafamouswriter.(A)which(B)who(C)whose(D)whom8.Thisisthesecondtimeyou______lateforclassthismonth.(A)are(B)were(C)havebeen(D)hadbeen9.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoher.(A)am(B)were(C)be(D)are10.Heseems______heis12yearsold.(A)oldas(B)asold(C)soold(D)asifold二、多选题1.Thefollowingsentences,whichuseinversion,arecorrectEXCEPT:(A)NeverhaveIseensuchabeautifulsunset.(B)Notonlydidhefinishhiswork,buthealsohelpedothers.(C)Theregoesthebell;classisover.(D)Isthisthebookyouarelookingfor?2.Choosethesentencesthatcorrectlyusethepassivevoice:(A)ThemeetingwillbeheldnextMonday.(B)Mycarwasstolenyesterday.(C)EnglishisspokenwidelyintheUK.(D)Heisbelievedtobethebestcandidate.3.Selectthesentencesthatexpressahypotheticalsituationorunrealcondition:(A)Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldcancelthepicnic.(B)Sheistootiredtowalkanyfurther.(C)Hemightmissthetrainifhedoesn'tleavesoon.(D)IwishIlivedclosertomyjob.4.Thefollowingphrasesthatcanfunctionasadverbialmodifiersare:(A)inthemorning(B)bycar(C)becauseoftherain(D)withasmile5.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesarelativepronoun?(A)Thehouse,whichIboughtlastyear,isverybig.(B)Themanwholivesnextdoorisadoctor.(C)Thebookthatyourecommendedisverydifficult.(D)Thegirl(whom/who)youspoketoismysister.三、填空题1.Sheis______happy______sheusuallyis.2.______Ihaveenoughmoney,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.3.Theteacheraskedthestudent______hehadfinishedtheexperiment.4.Theman______Ispoketoyesterdayisanexpertinthisfield.5.It'simportanttokeepa______attitudetowardschallenges.6.______hardhetries,henevergivesup.7.Thisisthe______mountainIhaveeverclimbed.8.Thebookis______interesting______Icouldn'tputitdown.9.Mybrotherarrived______10o'clocklastnight,______hehadmissedthebeginningofthemovie.10.Thechildwassoscaredthathe______silent.四、改错题1.IfIwereyou,Iwillcallthepoliceimmediately.2.Shedoesn'tknowwhereistheneareststation.3.Thestudentsarediscussingaboutthenewgrammarrules.4.Whomdidyougivethebookthat?5.Hehasbeenworkinginthiscompanyforoverfiveyears.五、句子改写1.Sheistooyoungtodrive.(Use'too...to...')________________________________________________________________________2.Hedidn'tstudyhard,sohefailedtheexam.(Use'so...that...')________________________________________________________________________3.Theteacherasked,"Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?"(Changetoindirectspeech)________________________________________________________________________4.Theybuiltasmallhouseonthetopofthehill.(Use'where')________________________________________________________________________5.IaminterestedinlearningFrench.(Use'make'tochangethestructure)________________________________________________________________________试卷答案一、选择题1.(B)2.(B)3.(B)4.(D)5.(A)6.(B)7.(B)8.(C)9.(B)10.(D)二、多选题1.(C)2.(A,B,C,D)3.(A,C,D)4.(A,B,C,D)5.(A,B,C,D)三、填空题1.so,as2.If,then3.if4.who/that5.positive6.However7.highest8.so,that9.at,because10.remained四、改错题1.will->would2.is->is/where->that3.about->on4.that->who/whom5.Noerror五、句子改写1.Sheistooyoungtodrive.2.Hedidn'tstudyhard,sohefailedtheexam.3.Theteacheraskedifshehadfinishedherhomework.4.Theybuiltasmallhousewherethetopofthehillis.5.IaminterestedinmakingFrench.解析思路一、选择题1.`whether`和`if`都可以引导宾语从句表示“是否”，但在`wish`后面，`if`较少使用，`whether`更常见。`that`引导宾语从句时不表示“是否”。`can`表示能力。故选B。2.`wish`后面接虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，动词用过去式(be动词用`were`)。`could`符合此结构。`can`表示能力，`will`表示将来，`may`表示可能性。故选B。3.`Itisimportant/necessary/essential/vitalthat...`后面的主语从句中，谓语动词用`(should)+动词原形`的虚拟语气。`be`是助动词，需要`should`来构成虚拟。故选B。4.`Unless`意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，表示“如果不……，就……”，相当于`ifnot`。故选D。5.`borrowedfromthelibrary`是修饰`book`的后置定语，`which`和`that`都可以引导定语从句修饰`book`。`whose`指代物时作定语意为“……的”，不直接修饰`book`。`whom`指代人。此处`which`或`that`均可。通常`that`在指代物时更常用或更正式。假设考察`which`作宾语且被省略，则句子结构为`Thebook(whichIborrowed...)is...`。故选A。6.定语从句修饰`person`，`person`指代人。`who`作主语或宾语。`which`指代物。`that`指代物或人，但在`theonly+形容词最高级+名词`作先行词时，定语从句必须用`who`或`that`。故选B。7.定语从句修饰`man`，`man`指代人。`who`作主语或宾语。`which`指代物。`that`指代物或人，但`whose`更直接地指代人的“住处”。此处`who`作主语符合句意。故选B。8.`thesecondtime`后接`when`或`that`引导的从句，表示次数，从句用一般过去时。这里描述的是过去发生的第二次事件。`havebeen`是现在完成时。`were`是过去时。`are`是现在时。故选C。9.`IfIwereyou`是典型的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，`were`替代`were`。`am`是现在时。`be`是动词原形。`are`是现在时。故选B。10.`seem`后面常跟`asif`引导的方式状语从句，或`as...as`结构。`asifold`表达了“看起来像……一样老”的意思，符合`seem`后面跟表语从句的习惯。`oldas`结构错误。`soold`不能直接跟在`seems`后面。`asold`语法正确但意义不符。故选D。二、多选题1.A.`NeverhaveIseen...`是部分倒装，正确。B.`Notonly...butalso...`连接两个并列的主句时，主句部分倒装，正确。C.`Theregoesthebell`是倒装句，表示某物不见了或声音响了，但`Thereis/are`引导的句子通常不倒装，这里`goes`是`go`的过去式，是固定搭配，不算语法错误导致的倒装，故此句不算使用了典型的句子倒装结构。D.`Isthis...?`是特殊疑问句，主谓倒装，正确。因此C不符合“使用倒装”的描述。（修正：C句是Therebe句型的主动态变体，常用于表示惊讶或不悦，可视为一种特殊的倒装用法。因此此题无绝对正确选项，或出题者意图可能不同。但如果严格按“典型语法倒装”如Notonly...倒装，或否定词提前的倒装，C可能被认为不典型。此处按通常理解，认为C不属于典型倒装而选之。）2.A.`ThemeetingwillbeheldnextMonday`是将来时被动语态。B.`Mycarwasstolenyesterday`是过去时被动语态。C.`EnglishisspokenwidelyintheUK`是一般现在时被动语态。D.`Heisbelievedtobethebestcandidate`是一般现在时被动语态，`believed`是系动词，后跟不定式作主语补足语，表示被动。故全选。3.A.`Ifitrainedtomorrow...`是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。B.`Sheistootired...`是陈述句，描述现状。C.`Hemightmiss...`是对将来可能性或不确定性的推测，属于非真实条件句的一种（隐含条件）。D.`IwishIlived...`是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选A,C,D。4.A.`inthemorning`介词短语作时间状语。B.`bycar`介词短语作方式状语。C.`becauseoftherain`介词短语作原因状语。D.`withasmile`介词短语作方式状语。故全选。5.A.`Thehouse,whichIbought...``which`指代`house`，作宾语，从句中`which`可省略，结构正确。B.`Themanwholives...``who`指代`man`，作主语，结构正确。C.`Thebookthatyourecommended...``that`指代`book`，作宾语，结构正确。D.`Thegirl(whom/who)youspoketo...``youspoketo`是省略了关系代词`whom/who`的定语从句，修饰`girl`，结构正确。故全选。三、填空题1.`so+形容词/副词`和`as+形容词/副词+as`都表示“如此……以至于……”，但`so`紧跟形容词/副词，`as`位于形容词/副词之前。此处需`too+形容词/副词`和`as+形容词/副词`。故填`so`和`as`。2.`If+主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形,...`是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故填`If`,`then`(then可省略)。3.`ask`后面可以跟`if/whether`引导的宾语从句。故填`if`。4.定语从句修饰`man`，指代人，作主语。`who`或`that`都可以。故填`who`或`that`。5.`positive`形容词，意为“积极的，正面的”。修饰`attitude`。故填`positive`。6.`However+程度副词/形容词+主语+谓语`表示“尽管……，但是……”，引导让步状语从句。故填`However`和`hard`(hard作副词修饰tries)。7.`the+形容词最高级+名词`指代“最……的（事物）”。`highest`是`high`的最高级。故填`highest`。8.`so+形容词/副词+that+主语+动词`结构，表示“如此……以至于……”。`that`连接结果状语从句。故填`so`,`that`。9.`at10o'clock`表示具体时间点。`because`连接原因状语从句。故填`at`,`because`。10.`too+形容词/副词+todo`结构，表示“太……以至于不能……”。`besilent`意为“保持沉默”。故填`was`(时态应与主句保持一致，或根据上下文判断为过去时)和`silent`。四、改错题1.`wish`后面接虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式`would+动词原形`。`will+动词原形`表示将来。故`will`应改为`would`。2.`doesn'tknow`是现在时。`where`引导地点状语从句时，从句谓语用一般现在时。`is`应改为`is`(主语是`theneareststation`)或改为`that`指代`theneareststation`。如果`where`后跟一般现在时，则`is`可用。如果认为`where`指代`thestation`且从句是定语从句，则`is`应改为`that`或去掉`where`。3.`discuss`后面通常跟`about`或`on`，表示讨论的主题。`about`更常用于泛指讨论内容。故`about`不能省略。4.`Whom`是`who`的宾格形式。`give`是及物动词，其宾语应用宾格。但此处`Whomdidyougive...?`是一个语法上存在但自然口语中不常用的疑问句结构。更自然的问法是`Whodidyougivethebookto?`。如果题目意在考察`that`和`which`在名词性从句中作宾语时的省略，或`whom`的语法功能，此题设置有问题。按标准语法，`Whom`作宾语可以，但`that`或`which`更常用且自然。假设题目本意是考察`whom`的宾格用法，则`that`应改为`whom`。但鉴于`Whomdidyoug