2026年浙江省部编版初中英语下册第10单元语法填空专项训练_第1页
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2026年浙江省部编版初中英语下册第10单元语法填空专项训练一、单项选择题(总共10题,每题2分,共20分)1.Mr.Smithisinterestedincollectingstamps.Hespendsmostofhisfreetime______stampsfromallovertheworld.A.collectB.collectingC.tocollectD.collected参考答案:B解析:考查非谓语动词。句意为“史密斯先生对收集邮票很感兴趣。他花大部分空闲时间收集来自世界各地的邮票。”根据句意,spendtimedoingsth.为固定搭配,表示“花时间做某事”,故用动词ing形式,选B。A项为动词原形,不符合语法;C项tocollect为不定式,不适用于该结构;D项collected为过去分词,不符合语法。2.Thelittlegirloftenhelpshermother______thehouseworkafterschool.A.doB.doesC.doingD.todo参考答案:A解析:考查动词用法。句意为“这个小女孩放学后经常帮助她妈妈做家务。”helpsb.dosth.为固定搭配,表示“帮助某人做某事”,故用动词原形,选A。B项does为第三人称单数形式,不符合主语thelittlegirl;C项doing为动名词,不符合语法;D项todo为不定式,不符合该结构。3.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______moreEnglishsongs.A.listenB.listeningC.tolistenD.listened参考答案:A解析:考查动词用法。句意为“如果你想提高你的英语,你应该多听英语歌曲。”should后接动词原形,表示“应该做某事”,故用动词原形,选A。B项listening为动名词,不符合语法;C项tolisten为不定式,不符合should后接动词原形规则;D项listened为过去式,不符合语法。4.Mybrother______totheconcertlastnight,buthewastootiredtogothere.A.goB.goesC.wentD.going参考答案:C解析:考查动词时态。句意为“我哥哥昨晚想去音乐会,但他太累了没去成。”根据lastnight可知,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,故用went,选C。A项go为动词原形,不符合时态;B项goes为第三人称单数形式,不符合主语Mybrother;D项going为动名词,不符合语法。5.Thestudentsarebusy______forthefinalexam.A.prepareB.preparesC.preparingD.prepared参考答案:C解析:考查非谓语动词。句意为“学生们正忙着为期末考试做准备。”bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配,表示“忙于做某事”,故用动词ing形式,选C。A项prepare为动词原形,不符合语法;B项prepares为第三人称单数形式,不符合主语Thestudents;D项prepared为过去分词,不符合语法。6.Sheisthemost______studentinourclass.A.intelligentB.intelligentlyC.intelligenceD.intelligences参考答案:A解析:考查形容词用法。句意为“她是我们班最聪明的学生。”themost后接形容词最高级,intelligent的最高级为intelligent,但此处需注意,英语中most前通常不加定冠词the,故直接用intelligent,选A。B项intelligently为副词,不符合语法;C项intelligence为名词,不符合语法;D项intelligences为复数名词,不符合语法。7.Myparentsoftentakeme______theparkonweekends.A.togoB.goC.goingD.goes参考答案:A解析:考查动词用法。句意为“我父母经常在周末带我去公园。”takesb.tosomeplace为固定搭配,表示“带某人去某地”,故用togo,选A。B项go为动词原形,不符合该结构;C项going为动名词,不符合语法;D项goes为第三人称单数形式,不符合语法。8.Thebookisvery______.Ihavereadittwice.A.interestB.interestingC.interestedD.interests参考答案:B解析:考查形容词用法。句意为“这本书很有趣。我已经读过两次了。”bevery后接形容词,interesting表示“有趣的”,修饰物,故用interesting,选B。A项interest为名词,不符合语法;C项interested表示“感兴趣的”,修饰人,不符合句意;D项interests为动词第三人称单数形式,不符合语法。9.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgohiking.A.issunnyB.willbesunnyC.issunnyD.willsunny参考答案:A解析:考查动词时态。句意为“如果明天是晴天,我们会去远足。”if引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,故用issunny,选A。B项willbesunny时态错误;C项重复;D项willsunny语法错误。10.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theywerereadyforthetest.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what参考答案:A解析:考查宾语从句。句意为“老师问学生们他们是否准备好考试。”asksb.if/whethersth.为固定搭配,表示“问某人是否做某事”,故用if或whether,选A。B项that不能引导宾语从句;C项whether与if意思相同,但此处if更常用;D项what不能引导宾语从句。二、填空题(总共10题,每题2分,共20分)1.Mysister______(cook)dinnerwhenIcamehomeyesterday.参考答案:wascooking解析:考查动词时态。句意为“我回家时我姐姐正在做饭。”根据when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时,故填wascooking。2.Ifyou______(notstudy)hard,youwillfailtheexam.参考答案:don’tstudy解析:考查动词时态。句意为“如果你不努力学习,你就会考试不及格。”if引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,故填don’tstudy。3.Theboyistooyoung______(help)withthehousework.参考答案:tohelp解析:考查不定式。句意为“这个男孩太小了,不能帮忙做家务。”tooyoungtodosth.为固定搭配,表示“太小而不能做某事”,故填tohelp。4.Myfatheroften______(go)tothegymafterwork.参考答案:goes解析:考查动词时态。句意为“我父亲下班后经常去健身房。”often表示频率,用一般现在时,故填goes。5.Sheisinterested______(play)thepiano.参考答案:inplaying解析:考查介词+动名词。句意为“她喜欢弹钢琴。”beinterestedindoingsth.为固定搭配,表示“对做某事感兴趣”,故填inplaying。6.Thestudentsarebusy______(prepare)forthefinalexam.参考答案:preparing解析:考查非谓语动词。句意为“学生们正忙着为期末考试做准备。”bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配,表示“忙于做某事”,故填preparing。7.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillstayathome.参考答案:rains解析:考查动词时态。句意为“如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。”if引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,故填rains。8.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theywerereadyforthetest.参考答案:if/whether解析:考查宾语从句。句意为“老师问学生们他们是否准备好考试。”asksb.if/whethersth.为固定搭配,表示“问某人是否做某事”,故填if或whether。9.Mysisterisgood______(sing)songs.参考答案:atsinging解析:考查介词+动名词。句意为“我姐姐擅长唱歌。”begoodatdoingsth.为固定搭配,表示“擅长做某事”,故填atsinging。10.Theboyistooyoung______(walk)alone.参考答案:towalk解析:考查不定式。句意为“这个男孩太小了,不能独自走路。”tooyoungtodosth.为固定搭配,表示“太小而不能做某事”,故填towalk。三、判断题(总共10题,每题2分,共20分)1.Thestudentsarebusypreparingforthefinalexam.(√)参考答案:正确解析:bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配,表示“忙于做某事”,此处doingsth.为preparingforthefinalexam,符合语法。2.Ifitissunnytomorrow,wewillgohiking.(×)参考答案:错误解析:if引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,故应为Ifitissunnytomorrow,wewillgohiking.3.Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheywerereadyforthetest.(√)参考答案:正确解析:asksb.if/whethersth.为固定搭配,表示“问某人是否做某事”,此处if符合语法。4.MysisterwascookingdinnerwhenIcamehomeyesterday.(√)参考答案:正确解析:when引导的时间状语从句中,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时,符合语法。5.Theboyistooyoungtohelpwiththehousework.(√)参考答案:正确解析:tooyoungtodosth.为固定搭配,表示“太小而不能做某事”,符合语法。6.Myfatheroftengoestothegymafterwork.(√)参考答案:正确解析:often表示频率,用一般现在时,符合语法。7.Sheisinterestedinplaythepiano.(×)参考答案:错误解析:beinterestedindoingsth.为固定搭配,表示“对做某事感兴趣”,故应为inplayingthepiano.8.Thestudentsaregoodatsingsongs.(×)参考答案:错误解析:begoodatdoingsth.为固定搭配,表示“擅长做某事”,故应为atsingingsongs.9.Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youwillfailtheexam.(√)参考答案:正确解析:if引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,符合语法。10.Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheywerereadyforthetest.(√)参考答案:正确解析:asksb.if/whethersth.为固定搭配,表示“问某人是否做某事”,此处if符合语法。四、简答题(总共8题,每题2分,共16分)1.Explaintheuseof"bebusydoingsth."inEnglish.参考答案:bebusydoingsth.isafixedphrasethatmeans"bebusywithsomething."Itisusedtodescribesomeonewhoisoccupiedwithaparticularactivity.Forexample,"Thestudentsarebusypreparingforthefinalexam."Here,"preparingforthefinalexam"istheactivitythestudentsarebusywith.2.Whatisthedifferencebetween"interested"and"interesting"?参考答案:"Interested"isanadjectivethatdescribesaperson'sfeelingorstate,suchas"Sheisinterestedinmusic."Here,"interested"describesthegirl'sfeelingaboutmusic."Interesting"isalsoanadjectivebutdescribessomethingthatcausesinterest,suchas"Thebookisinteresting."Here,"interesting"describesthebookthatcausesinterest.3.Howdoyouformaconditionalsentencetype1?参考答案:Atype1conditionalsentenceisformedwithan"if"clauseinthepresentsimpletenseandamainclauseinthefuturesimpletense.Forexample,"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."Here,"ifitrainstomorrow"isthe"if"clause,and"wewillcancelthepicnic"isthemainclause.4.Whatisthefunctionof"too...to..."structure?参考答案:"Too...to..."structureisusedtoindicatethatsomethingisexcessiveandmakesitimpossibletodosomething.Forexample,"Theboyistooyoungtowalkalone."Here,"tooyoung"makesitimpossiblefortheboytowalkalone.5.Howdoyouuse"goto"and"gofor"inEnglish?参考答案:"Goto"isusedtoindicateadestination,suchas"Igotoschooleveryday.""Gofor"isusedtoindicateanactionoractivity,suchas"Igoforaruninthemorning."6.Whatisthemeaningof"begoodatdoingsth."?参考答案:"Begoodatdoingsth."meanstobeskilledortalentedindoingaparticularactivity.Forexample,"Mysisterisgoodatsingingsongs."Here,"goodatsingingsongs"meansmysisteristalentedinsinging.7.Howdoyouformaquestionwith"if"or"whether"?参考答案:Toformaquestionwith"if"or"whether,"youusetheauxiliaryverb(e.g.,do,does,did)beforethesubjectandthenthemainverb.Forexample,"Doesshelikemusic?"or"Ifshelikesmusic?"Here,"if"or"whether"isusedtointroducethequestion.8.Whatisthedifferencebetween"will"and"begoingto"?参考答案:"Will"isusedtoexpressadecisionorpredictionaboutthefuture,suchas"Iwillgototheconcerttomorrow.""Begoingto"isusedtoexpressaplanorintention,suchas"Iamgoingtogototheconcerttomorrow."Here,"will"expressesadecision,and"begoingto"expressesaplan.五、应用题(总共8题,每题4分,共24分)1.Completethefollowingsentence:"Ifyou______hard,youwillpasstheexam."参考答案:study解析:句意为“如果你努力学习,你就会通过考试。”if引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,故填study。2.Completethefollowingsentence:"Thestudentsarebusy______forthefinalexam."参考答案:preparing解析:句意为“学生们正忙着为期末考试做准备。”bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配,表示“忙于做某事”,故填preparing。3.Completethefollowingsentence:"Sheisinterested______thepiano."参考答案:inplaying解析:句意为“她喜欢弹钢琴。”beinterestedindoingsth.为固定搭配,表示“对做某事感兴趣”,故填inplaying。4.Completethefollowingsentence:"Theboyistooyoung______withthehousework."参考答案:tohelp解析:句意为“这个男孩太小了,不能帮忙做家务。”tooyoungtodosth.为固定搭配,表示“太小而不能做某事”,故填tohelp。5.Completethefollowingsentence:"Myfatheroften______tothegymafterwork."参考答案:goes解析:句意为“我父亲下班后经常去健身房。”often表示频率,用一般现在时,故填goes。6.Completethefollowingsentence:"Thestudentsaregood______singsongs."参考答案:atsinging解析:句意为“学生们擅长唱歌。”begoodatdoingsth.为固定搭配,表示“擅长做某事”,故填atsinging。7.Completethefollowingsentence:"Ifit______tomorrow,wewillstayathome."参考答案:rains解析:句意为“如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。”if引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,故填rains。8.Completethefollowingsentence:"Theteacheraskedthestudents______theywerereadyforthetest."参考答案:if/whether解析:句意为“老师问学生们他们是否准备好考试。”asksb.if/whethersth.为固定搭配,表示“问某人是否做某事”,故填if或whether。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.A3.A4.C5.C6.A7.A8.B9.A10.A解析:同上。二、填空题1.wascooking2.don’tstudy3.tohelp4.goes5.inplaying6.preparing7.rains8.if/whether9.atsinging10.towalk解析:同上。三、判断题1.√2.×3.√4.√5.√6.√7.×8.×9.√10.√解析:同上。四、简答题1.bebusydoingsth.isafixedphrasethatmeans"bebusywithsomething."Itisusedtodescribesomeonewhoisoccupiedwithaparticularactivity.Forexample,"Thestudentsarebusypreparingforthefinalexam."Here,"preparingforthefinalexam"istheactivitythestudentsarebusywith.2."Interested"isanadjectivethatdescribesaperson'sfeelingorstate,suchas"Sheisinterestedinmusic."Here,"interested"describesthegirl'sfeelingaboutmusic."Interesting"isalsoanadjectivebutdescribessomethingthatcausesinterest,suchas"Thebookisinteresting."Here,"interesting"describesthebookthatcausesinterest.3.Atype1conditionalsentenceisformedwithan"if"clauseinthepresentsimpletenseandamainclauseinthefuturesimpletense.Forexample,"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."Here,"ifitrainstomorrow"isthe"if"clause,and"wewillcancelthepicnic"isthemainclause.4."Too...to..."structureisusedtoindic

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