2026年广东省人教版初中英语下册第10单元语法练习题

2026年广东省人教版初中英语下册第10单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewEnglishteacheroftenasksstudentsto______storiesinclasstoimprovetheirspeakingskills.Whichofthefollowingverbsisthecorrectformtofillintheblank?A.writeB.writesC.wroteD.writing参考答案：A解析：此题考查一般现在时的动词形式。根据主语"thenewEnglishteacher"（单数），动词需用第三人称单数形式，但"often"提示一般现在时，故选write。选项B错误因缺少s；C为过去式；D为动名词形式，不符合句法结构。2.Mysister______tothelibraryeverySunday,butthisweekshe______becausesheissick.Whattenseshouldbeusedforeachblanktomakethesentencegrammaticallycorrect?A.goes/goB.goes/goesC.go/goesD.go/go参考答案：A解析：第一个空表示习惯性动作，用一般现在时goes；第二个空表示当前状态，用一般现在时go。干扰项B、C、D均因时态错误或主谓不一致被排除。3."______youfinishyourhomework,youcanwatchTV."Thissentenceuseswhichconjunctiontoshowtimerelationship?A.SoB.BecauseC.WhenD.Although参考答案：C解析："When"引导时间状语从句，表示"当……时"。A表示结果；B表示原因；D表示让步，均与题意不符。4.Theboy______hisbikeyesterday,butit______broken.Whichverbformsarecorrect?A.lost/wasB.lose/isC.lost/wereD.loses/was参考答案：A解析：第一个空描述过去动作，用过去式lost；第二个空指过去某个时间的状态，用过去进行时was。B错因动词形式；C错因主谓不一致；D错因时态错误。5.IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam.Whatmodalverbismissing?A.amB.isC.wereD.are参考答案：C解析：虚拟语气中，与现在事实相反的假设用"主语+were"，此处表示与说话人相反的假设。A、B、D为实义动词，不符合虚拟语气结构。6.Thestudents______tothezoolastmonth,butthey______becauseitrained.Whattenseshouldbeusedforeachblank?A.went/didn’tgoB.go/didn’tgoC.went/goD.go/went参考答案：A解析：第一个空描述过去完成动作，用过去式went；第二个空表示否定过去行为，用过去式didn’tgo。B、C、D因时态错误被排除。7."______Ihaveenoughmoney,Iwilltravelaroundtheworld."Thissentenceuseswhichconjunctiontoshowcondition?A.SoB.BecauseC.IfD.But参考答案：C解析："If"引导条件状语从句，表示"如果……就……"。A表示结果；B表示原因；D表示转折，均不符。8.Theteachertoldthestudents,"______youarelateagain,youwillloseyourlunchmoney."Whatfuturetenseisused?A.WillyoubeB.YouwillbeC.WillbeyouD.Youwill参考答案：B解析：直接引语中，一般现在时表将来，用"Youwill"。A、C、D语序或形式错误。9.Mybrother______anewcarnextyear,buthe______ityet.Whattenseshouldbeusedforeachblank?A.willbuy/doesn’thaveB.buys/hasn’tboughtC.willbuy/hasn’tboughtD.buy/doesn’thave参考答案：C解析：第一个空表示将来计划，用"will+动词原形"；第二个空表示现在尚未完成，用现在完成时hasn’tbought。B错因缺少will；D错因时态错误。10.Thegirl______herteetheverymorning,butshe______themlastnight.Whattenseshouldbeusedforeachblank?A.brushes/didn’tbrushB.brush/didn’tbrushC.brushes/brushD.brush/didn’tbrush参考答案：A解析：第一个空表示习惯性动作，用一般现在时brushes；第二个空表示过去未发生，用过去式didn’tbrush。B、C、D因主谓不一致或时态错误被排除。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Ifyou______(be)rich,youwouldbuyabighouse.参考答案：are解析：虚拟语气中，与现在事实相反的假设用"主语+be"，此处表示"如果你是富人"，故填are。2.Thestudents______(study)hardfortheexamnextweek.参考答案：willstudy解析：表示将来计划，用"will+动词原形"，故填willstudy。3.Mysister______(go)tothepartyifshe______(have)timetomorrow.参考答案：willgo/has解析：第一个空表示将来条件，用will+动词原形；第二个空if引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时has。4.Theboy______(notwatch)TVlastnightbecausehe______(do)hishomework.参考答案：didn’twatch/wasdoing解析：第一个空表示过去未发生，用didn’t+动词原形；第二个空表示过去同时进行的动作，用过去进行时wasdoing。5.IfI______(be)you,I______(notgo)therealone.参考答案：were/wouldn’tgo解析：虚拟语气中，与现在事实相反的假设用"主语+were"，故填were；wouldn’t+动词原形表示否定意愿，故填wouldn’tgo。6.Thegirl______(nothave)breakfastthismorningbecauseshe______(be)late.参考答案：didn’thave/was解析：第一个空表示过去未发生，用didn’t+动词原形；第二个空表示过去状态，用过去进行时was。7.Ifyou______(call)metomorrow,pleasetellmethenews.参考答案：call解析：if引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时，主语省略，故填call。8.Thestudents______(go)tothemuseumnextSaturdayiftheweather______(be)good.参考答案：willgo/is解析：第一个空表示将来计划，用will+动词原形；第二个空if引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时is。9.Mybrother______(notgo)totheconcertbecausehe______(lose)histicket.参考答案：won’tgo/haslost解析：第一个空表示将来否定，用won’t+动词原形；第二个空表示现在已发生，用现在完成时haslost。10.Iftheteacher______(be)happywithourwork,we______(get)areward.参考答案：is/willget解析：第一个空表示现在状态，用一般现在时is；第二个空表示将来结果，用will+动词原形，故填willget。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1."Youwillfailtheexamifyoudon’tstudyhard."Thissentenceusesthefirstconditional.(正确)解析：第一条件句结构为"if+一般现在时，主句+一般将来时"，符合题意。2."IfIwereyou,Iwouldcallthepolice."Thissentenceisusedtoexpressarealpossibility.(错误)解析：虚拟语气中，were表示与现在事实相反的假设，不表示真实可能性。3."Theboywenttothezooyesterday."Thissentenceusesthesimplepasttense.(正确)解析：表示过去具体动作，用一般过去时，符合题意。4."Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."Thissentenceusesthesecondconditional.(错误)解析：第二条件句结构为"if+一般过去时，主句+would+动词原形"，此处为第一条件句。5."Thegirldoesn’thaveabike,soshegoestoschoolbybus."Thissentenceusesaconjunctiontoshowcauseandeffect.(正确)解析："So"引导结果状语从句，表示因果关系，符合题意。6."Thestudentswerestudyingwhentheteachercame."Thissentenceusesthepastcontinuoustense.(正确)解析：表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，符合题意。7."IfIhadenoughmoney,Iwouldtraveltheworld."Thissentenceisusedtoexpressarealwish.(错误)解析：虚拟语气中，had表示与过去事实相反的假设，不表示真实愿望。8."Theboygoestoschooleveryday."Thissentenceusesthepresentsimpletense.(正确)解析：表示习惯性动作，用一般现在时，符合题意。9."Ifyouweretocallme,pleasetellmethenews."Thissentenceusesthethirdconditional.(正确)解析：第三条件句结构为"if+过去完成时，主句+wouldhave+过去分词"，此处为过去虚拟，符合题意。10."Thegirldidn’tgotothepartybecauseshewassick."Thissentenceusesaconjunctiontoshowreason.(正确)解析："Because"引导原因状语从句，表示理由，符合题意。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthestructureandusageofthefirstconditional.参考答案：Firstconditionalstructure:"if+generalpresenttense,mainclause+generalfuturetense."Usedtoexpressrealorpossiblefuturesituations.Example:"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."解析：结构为"if+一般现在时，主句+一般将来时"，用于表达真实或可能的将来情况。例句说明用法。2.Whatisthedifferencebetween"will"and"begoingto"inexpressingfuture?参考答案："Will"isusedfordecisionsorpredictions."Begoingto"isusedforplansorintentions.Example:"Iwillbuyagift"(decision);"Iamgoingtobuyagift"(plan).解析："Will"用于决定或预测；"begoingto"用于计划或意图。例句对比用法。3.Howdoyouformapastunrealconditionalsentence?参考答案：Structure:"if+pastperfecttense,mainclause+wouldhave+pastparticiple."Example:"IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam."解析：结构为"if+过去完成时，主句+wouldhave+过去分词"。例句说明用法。4.Whatisthefunctionof"so"inasentence?参考答案："So"isaconjunctionusedtoshowresult.Example:"Hestudiedhard,sohepassedtheexam."解析："So"引导结果状语从句，表示结果。例句说明用法。5.Howdoyouformapresentperfectcontinuoustensesentence?参考答案：Structure:"subject+has/havebeen+verb-ing."Example:"Shehasbeenstudyingfortwohours."解析：结构为"主语+has/havebeen+动词-ing"。例句说明用法。6.Whatisthedifferencebetween"because"and"so"?参考答案："Because"introducesareasonclause."So"introducesaresultclause.Example:"Hewaslatebecausehemissedthebus."(reason);"Hemissedthebus,sohewaslate."(result).解析："Because"引导原因状语从句；"so"引导结果状语从句。例句对比用法。7.Howdoyouformafutureunrealconditionalsentence?参考答案：Structure:"if+presenttense,mainclause+would+verb."Example:"IfIwereyou,Iwouldcallthepolice."解析：结构为"if+一般现在时，主句+would+动词原形"。例句说明用法。8.Whatisthefunctionof"although"inasentence?参考答案："Although"isaconjunctionusedtoshowcontrast.Example:"Heispooralthoughheworkshard."解析："Although"引导让步状语从句，表示转折。例句说明用法。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthefirstconditional:"Ifyoudon’tstudy,youwillfailtheexam."参考答案："Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youwillfailtheexam."解析：原句已正确，可补充"hard"加强语气。2.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthesecondconditional:"IfIhadacar,Iwouldgototheparty."参考答案："IfIhadacar,Iwouldgototheparty."解析：原句已正确，为第二条件句标准结构。3.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthethirdconditional:"Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam."参考答案："Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam."解析：原句已正确，为第三条件句标准结构。4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepresentperfecttense:"Theboyhasfinishedhishomework."参考答案："Theboyhasfinishedhishomework."解析：原句已正确，为现在完成时标准结构。5.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepastcontinuoustense:"Thegirlwasreadingabookwhentheteachercame."参考答案："Thegirlwasreadingabookwhentheteachercame."解析：原句已正确，为过去进行时标准结构。6.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustense:"Shehasbeenworkingfortenyears."参考答案："Shehasbeenworkingfortenyears."解析：原句已正确，为现在完成进行时标准结构。7.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"so":"Hestudiedhardbecausehewantedtopasstheexam."参考答案："Hestudiedhard,sohewantedtopasstheexam."解析：将"because"改为"so"，调整语序，表示因果关系。8.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"although":"Heistired,buthecontinuestowork."参考答案："Althoughheistired,hecontinuestowork."解析：将"but"改为"although"，调整语序，表示转折关系。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.A3.C4.A5.C6.A7.C8.B9.C10.A二、填空题1.are2.willstudy3.willgo/has4.didn’twatch/wasdoing5.were/wouldn’tgo2.didn’thave/was7.call8.willgo/is9.won’tgo/haslost10.is/willget三、判断题1.√2.×3.√4.×5.√6.√7.×8.√9.√10.√四、简答题1.Firstconditionalstructure:"if+generalpresenttense,mainclause+generalfuturetense."Usedtoexpressrealorpossiblefuturesituations.Example:"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."2."Will"isusedfordecisionsorpredictions."Begoingto"isusedforplansorintentions.Example:"Iwillbuyagift"(decision);"Iamgoingtobuyagift"(plan).3.Structure:"if+pastperfectten